Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Research Articles

Editorial: Globalised World and Local Cultures

Editorial: Globalised World and Local Cultures

SOLID GEOMETRY LEARNING: STUDENT ERRORS IN SOLVING SOLID GEOMETRY PROBLEMS AT UNIVERSITY LEVEL

The purposes of this research were to describe student errors types in solving solid geometry problems based on mathematics skills and to know the causes of student errors happened. The major mathematics skills consisted of number fact, arithmetics, information, language, visual spatial skill. This research was qualitative. Data collection techniques were done by test and interview. Respondents were 6 from 39 mathematics education students academic year of 2016/2017 in Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta that consisted of each 2 students in high, middle, low level respectively. This grouping were conducted based on the test results. Every respondent was interviewed about their answer of the test. The results of this research indicated that students in high level did errors on number fact and visual spatial skill. Students in middle level did errors on five type of mathematics skills. Students in low level did errors on four type of mathematics skills except arithmetics skill

INTERAKSI VERBAL PADA KOMUNIKASI AKADEMIK DOSEN PEMBIMBING AKADEMIK: STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA PBI FKIP UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

The study aims to describe 1) the academic interaction and 2) communication form between the students and their academic lecturers of the Study Program of Indonesian Language Education, Faculty of Trainer and Training Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. It employed a descriptive-qualitative approach. The data collection used the techniques of in-depth interview, observation, and documentation. The data sources were obtained from the the students and their lecturers. The data were the academic interaction and communication forms. The data validity applied a data or source triangulation. The data analysis employed an interactive model: data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results of the study show that the academic interaction and communication form consist of informative, persuasive, and argumentative verbal. Furthermore, the forms are in a one-way, two-way, and multiple-way communications.

A Project-based Approach to FPGA-aided Teaching of Digital Systems

This article shares experience and lessons learned in teaching course on programmable logic design at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia. This course is part of bachelor of engineering (electrical) degree program. Project-based approach is chosen to strengthen these students' understanding and practical skills. Each year's project involves challenges for the students to solve by implementing digital system on an FPGA design board. Here, background and curriculum context of the course will be presented. The projects and their challenges will be discussed. Finally, lessons learned and future improvement on the student projects will be discussed.

Role of Biopsychosocial Factors on the Risk of Pneumonia in Children Under-Five Years Old at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta

Background: It is estimated that the worldwide annual incidence of child pneumonia is approximately 156 million cases. Sixty-one million new cases occure in Southeast Asia with death rate of 3.1 million deaths per year. Prevalence of infant pneumonia in Indonesia is high at 1.8% in 2013 with mortality of 0.16% in 2015. This study aimed to determine the role of bio-psychosocial factors on the risk of pneumonia in children under-five years old. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using cross-sectional design. The study was conducted at Dr. Moe¬wardi Hospital, Surakarta, from April to May 2017. A sample 120 children under five years old, consisting of 30 children with pneumonia and 90 children without pneumonia, were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was incidence of pneumonia. The independent variables were nutritional status, exclusive breastfeeding, low birthweight, maternal stress, maternal education, maternal employment, family income, and home environment. Nutritional status was measured by anthropometry, while other variables were collected by questionnaire. Path analysis was employed to analyze data. Results: Pneumonia in children under-five was directly affected by nutritional status (b= -1.23; 95% CI=-2.45 to -0.02; p=0.047), exclusive breastfeeding (b=-1.09; 95% CI=-2.26 to 0.07; p= 0.065), maternal stress (b= 1.70; 95% CI =0.36 to 3.04; p=0.013), maternal education (b=-1.96; 95% CI=-3.31 to -0.61; p=0.004), and home environment (b=-1.83; 95% CI = -3.02 to -0.64; p=0.002). Nutritional status was affected by maternal education (b=3.48; 95% CI=1.79 to 5.17; p<0.001), maternal stress (b=-2.55; 95% CI=-4.06 to -1.04; p=0.001), family income (b=3.26; CI 95%=1.67 to 4.84; p<0.001), and low birthweight (b= -1.84; 95% CI=-3.12 to -0.57; p= 0.005). Exclusive breastfeeding was affected by maternal education (b=0.97; 95% CI=0.09 to 1.86; p=0.031), maternal stress (b=-0.74; 95% CI=-1.69 to 0.19; p=0.112), family income (b=1.39; CI 95%=0.54 to 2.23; p=0.001), and maternal employment (b=-1.29; 95% CI=-2.14 to -0.45; p=0.003). Maternal stress was affected by home environment (b=-1.12; 95% CI=-1.96 to -0.29; p=0.009 Home environment was affected by maternal education (b=0.76; 95% CI=-0.03 to 1.54; p=0.059). Low birthweight was affected by maternal education (b=-1.21; 95% CI=-2.08 to -0.35; p=0.006) and family income (b=-1.50; 95% CI=-2.35 to -0.66; p<0.001). Conclusion: Pneumonia in children under-five is directly affected by nutritional status children, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal education, maternal stress, and home environment. Keywords: pneumonia, biopsychosocial factors Correspondence: Nining Lestari. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Email: dr.nining.lestari.nl@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285229390353. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2017), 2(2): 162-175 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2017.02.02.07

ERRORS ON ORAL PRODUCTION MADE BY ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS IN MICROTEACHING CLASS AT UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

The objectives of this research are to describe the types of error, to analyze the frequency of error and to describe the source of error in oral productions made by English department students in microteaching class at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The type of this study is descriptive qualitative research. The data of this research are utterances containing errors taken from Microteaching video. The data collection technique of this research is documentary study. There are 289 utterances containing error. The writer uses descriptive qualitative technique to analyze thedata. The writer uses theories from Clark and Clark, Dulay, Burt and Krashen and also Selinker to analyze the error. In the result of this study, the writer divided types of error into three classifications. They are speech error, morphological error, and syntactical error. Speech error (80,28%), in speech error divided into seven types, they are: filled pause (39,5%), repeats (18,34%), silent pause (10,73%), stutters (6,57%), interjection (2,08%), correction (1,73%), slip of tongue (1,38%). Morphological (13,84%) in morphological error divided into three types, they are: Omission of Bound morpheme {-s} as plural marker (2,77%), pronunciations (8,30%), vocabulary(2,77%). Syntactical error (5,88%), syntactical error divided into four types, they are: omission of modal {will} (1,38%), omission of preposition (1,38%), question construction (1,38%), incorrect word selection (1,73%). The sources of error arecognitive reason, psychological reason and social reason.

AN EXPLORATION OF ANGER EXPRESSION IN INDONESIAN EFL LEARNING CONTEXT

This study investigates how the students of the Department of English Education, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta express their anger in English as anger is an expression which relies on contexts. The students’ conversations which contained anger expression were recorded. The expressions were analyzed based on pragmatic aspects: pragmalinguistic forms, communicative intention, context, and cultural background. The results showed that the students, mostly Javanese, did not use cursing or swearing forms in expressing anger in English which are typically in ‘direct anger’ and ‘introductory anger’. Interestingly, although Javanese people arewell-known as calm people, the students mostly rise their intonation in expressing their anger feeling in English.

Development of HOTS Test in Microbiology Course using Microsoft Office and Visual Basic for Application

&lt;p class="5abstrak"&gt;This research aims to develop higher-level thinking tests on microbiology using computer assisted to measure high-level thinking skills of students who attended the Microbiology Course. The instrument was developed on Microsoft Office Power Point and Visual Basic for Application. The research stages followed the ten steps of Borg and Gall's R and D, done from February to July 2016. To test the validity of the instruments, the following steps were done: (1) expert validation involving microbiologists, ICT specialists, expert in research and evaluation of education; (2) small trial involved 12 students who took micobiology at Department of Biology Education of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS); (3) Test involves 20 students who took the same courses; and (4) external validity test involving 20 students who took the same courses. Pearson correlation analysis was applied for analysis the external validity test. The findings were the instruments were valid, reliable with high coefficient of 0.872&amp;gt; 0.456 (r table), level of difficulty with difficulty index of 0.3 to 0.7, and discriminant power either with index of 0.3 to 0.7. External validity was 0.757 (Strong). Conclusion of the study is a test instrument is feasible and effective to measure high-level thinking skills of students in microbiological related content. &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class="5abstrak"&gt; &lt;/p&gt;

Improving Teaching Quality and Problem Solving Ability Through Contextual Teaching and Learning in Differential Equations: A Lesson Study Approach

Differential equations is a branch of mathematics which is closely related to mathematical modeling that arises in real-world problems. Problem solving ability is an essential component to solve contextual problem of differential equations properly. The purposes of this study are to describe contextual teaching and learning (CTL) model in differential equations course, to improve lecturers’ abilities in implementing CTL, and to improve students’ problem solving ability in differential equations. The study was conducted in the fifth semester of 2015/2016 academic year with 34 students of mathematics education Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta as participants. The CTL model was applied by lesson study approach which involved three stages namely plan, do, and see in each cycle. This research was conducted in four cycles. The study results found that discovery-based CTL could be applied in differential equations course. The lecturer abilities to design discovery-based contextual learning plan, to present real-world problem in learning process, to design learning strategy and assessment instruments of problem solving improved significantly. Problem solving ability of students also improved during teaching and learning process.

Antiproliferative properties of tiliroside from Guazuma ulmifolia lamk on T47D and MCF7 cancer cell lines

Background: Previous research showed that the extract of guazuma leaves had cytotoxic activity on various cancer cell lines. One of the chemical markers of Guazuma ulmifolia Lamk. is tiliroside. Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of this study was to determine the cytotoxic effects of tiliroside on T47D and MCF7 and their mechanisms. Materials and Methods: Tiliroside (was isolated by laboratory Biological Pharmacy of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, was confirmed by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry/MS). The antiproliferative activity was analyzed by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry methods. Results: Tiliroside has cytotoxic activity with inhibitory concentration 50% on T47D and MCF7 which was 67.79 and 100.00 μg/ml, respectively. Based on the immunocytochemistry, tiliroside on T47D cell lines induced apoptosis which is mediated by the activation of Caspases 8 and 9 and decreased expression of Bcl-2 protein without interference with gen protein 53 (p53). In line with the previous one, tiliroside on MCF7 cell lines induced apoptosis through extrinsic ways due to the underexpression of p53 and Caspase 9 and increase in the expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase 8. Conclusions: The antiproliferative effects of tiliroside are higher on T47D than MCF7 cancers cell lines. Based on molecular analysis, antiproliferative mechanism was by apoptosis through extrinsic pathways.

How Teachers Become “Good” At What They Do A Narrative Approach

The research was purposed to explore how teachers learn from their professional experience to become ‘good’ at what they do. The research was a replication of the a study project conducted by School of Education at University of Aberdeen in 2012 . The current research was an effort to investigate the teachers’ learning from their professional experience in different context and participants. The study is an interpretation of narratives of two primary school teachers from SD Muhammadiyah Klaten Utara, Indonesia. The narratives materials are taken from the research project undertaken in Klaten jointly conducted by the Department of Education at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta and SD Muhammadiyah Klaten Utara. This study is a narrative reseach approach. The analysis in this report is using narrative approach because the materials are the narratives of two teachers of primary teachers. The finding shows that two things that makes them become good teacher. The first one is the teacher’s will to always learn from problems they faced. Their persistent concern to make a positive rapport with children and parents