Universitas Airlangga Research Articles

Suture-less closure for the management socket preservation

Introduction: After tooth loss, the new edentulous area of the ridge will undergo some adaptive modifications due to changes in function in and around the socket. Socket preservation can reduce and eliminate the need for additional augmentation procedures by preventing hard and soft tissue collapse after tooth extraction. Periodontal surgical procedures that are in the aesthetic zone, sutureless can be an alternative to closing the flap. The objective of this case report is to describe socket preservation using cyanoacrylate material for flap fixation. Case report: A 65-year-old man came to the Periodontics Specialist Clinic in Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga with a complaint of wanting to remove the left front of the mandible. Case management: The first step was to perform extraoral and intraoral asepsis with povidone-iodine 10% before local anesthesia. Local anesthesia with infiltration technique, followed by atraumatic extraction of tooth 33 using a periotome and luxator, curettage of tooth 33 sockets. Then a sulcular incision was made with blade number 15c on tooth 33 by full-thickness until there was no tension on the flap, application of PRF on the pericardium membrane containing bone graft to be applied in the socket of tooth 33. Reposition the tensionless flap until the entire surgical area is closed and then fixed using cyanoacrylate material (no suturing). Conclusion: Sutureless closure using cyanoacrylate material can be used as an alternative to suturing for flap repositioning in socket preservation.

Frenectomy for supporting diastema closure correction in orthodontic patients

Introduction: The maxillary frenulum can cause aesthetic problems or jeopardize orthodontic results in cases of central diastema, causing relapse after treatment. One of the etiologic factors of central diastema persistence is an aberrant frenulum. The most common way to diagnose frenulum attachment is with the blanch test. One of the treatments for aberrant frenulum is frenectomy. Frenectomy can reduce the risk of relapse from central diastema closure. The purpose of this case report is to describe the stages of frenectomy in a case of maxillary central diastema. Case report: A 24-year-old woman came to the Periodontics Specialist Clinic due to a referral from the Department of Orthodontic, Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga with complaints of loose maxillary front teeth and planned to be treated using fixed orthodontic devices at Department Orthodontic. The blanching test examination showed that the labial frenulum was in the high frenulum category. Case management: Frenectomy was performed using a scalpel. After extraoral and intraoral asepsis, infiltration anesthesia was performed on the labial and palatal sides of tooth 11,21. Clamp the maxillary labial frenulum using a hemostat and then incise the frenulum using blade no 15c in a V shape, then incise the frenulum attachment on the interdental to the palatal region with an elliptical incision. Interrupted suturing using Nylon thread size 4.0. The surgical area was closed using a periodontal pack. Suturing was removed on day 14. Follow-up at 19 months showed no diastema in the anterior maxilla, the patient wore a retainer in the maxilla and a fixed retainer in the mandible. There were no further complaints after the treatment. Conclusion: Frenectomy before orthodontic treatment helps accelerate the treatment progress to correct the central diastema.

Perceptions of COVID-19 Online Learning Students Based on Dreem in Class 2020 Students of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

A learning environment is anything that can influence changes in attitudes in teaching and learning activities which will further influence the achievement of learning outcomes and student development. A researcher wants to carry out research on student perceptions regarding changes in the online learning environment due to Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The study aimed to describe the perceptions of the students toward five aspects of an online learning environment. This study was a descriptive research using a quantitive approach and the sampling technique used simple random sampling with 167 medical faculty student class 2020. One hundred sixty-seven respondents' data were collected using the specific measurement tool Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) to measure the learning environment with univariate analysis. The results obtained from this research showed that the perception of students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga towards the online learning environment is quite good with a score of 139.48. The result of this study indicated that the mean DREEM score was 139.48/200 (SD 22.76) is in the good category. Although the learning environment is in a good category, several points need to be improved so the faculty can increase the quality of the medical education.

Retention of Cardiorespiratory Anatomy Knowledge Among Universitas Ailangga Medical Students With History of COVID-19

Cardiorespiratory anatomy is fundamental knowledge for doctors. However, knowledge retention in medical students decreases over time. Retention is a reflection of memory ability and is affected by many factors, such as COVID-19 infection. COVID-19 is a disease caused by Sars-CoV-2 and has been declared as a pandemic since March 11th 2020. During the pandemic, cardiorespiratory anatomy tests were held in the 1st semester and 4th semester. The objective of this research was to measure the retention difference between students who had suffered from COVID-19 in that period and the ones without a history of COVID-19. This research was a cross-sectional descriptive analytics observational study involving 59 medical students at Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. It was known that 19 students had suffered from COVID-19, while the other 40 had not. The average score of overall students experienced a significant decrease from 1st semester to 4th semester (p=0.000), both for students who had (p=0.023) and had not suffered from COVID-19 (p=0.001). However, the 1st semester and 4th semester cardiorespiratory anatomy scores of students with a history of COVID-19 were lower than students without a history of COVID-19. Besides scores, the cardiorespiratory anatomy knowledge retention of students who had suffered from COVID-19 (M=86.72%) was also lower than students who had not (M=86.95%). Nevertheless, the retention difference between those two groups of students was not significant (p=0.703).

Overseas Smart City Short Course of Airlangga and International Community Service: The Role of Science and Technology Towards Smart City

The smart city concept emerged as an alternative solution to overcome the negative impacts of urbanization in big cities, based on the concept of sustainable development. A smart city is a city that can utilize human resources, social capital, and modern telecommunications infrastructure to achieve sustainable economic growth and high quality of life through wise management of resources by the government based on community participation. Jombang has not been managed optimally due to a lack of digital exposure and promotion. Based on these problems, the Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University will organize an international community service program in Jombang to introduce culture and tourism in Jombang to the world through international students and transfer knowledge regarding the application of smart tourism to increase tourism promotion in Jombang. This community service program was carried out together with international students who will first be given an introduction and knowledge of the smart city concept and its application at Universitas Airlangga and the City of Surabaya through a short course. Then the students will be invited to visit the tourist and cultural village in Jombang to transfer knowledge to the local community regarding the application of the smart tourism concept to promote tourism potential in Jombang.

Prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga

Background: The prevalence of dental and oral health problems in Indonesia, including periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth (GO), remains high and requires serious attention from health workers. This study aims to determine the prevalence of GO due to the existing data gap and public concern regarding this condition. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Material and Methods: This study was conducted from August to September 2023 at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga using a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample was calculated using total sampling from medical record data of patients at the Periodontics Clinic of the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga who met the inclusion criteria in 2022. The study variables included gingival overgrowth (GO), gender, age, and tooth region (sextant). Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and presented as a percentage (%). A descriptive data analysis was carried out to draw a conclusion. Conclusion: The study found that 37.11% of patients at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) of Universitas Airlangga experienced gingival overgrowth. The percentage of male patients experiencing gingival overgrowth was higher than that of women, with the highest age group being 18-24 years. The tooth area that experienced the most gingival overgrowth was sextant 5, with a total of 29 samples.

Urgensi Sertifikasi JULEHA terhadap Tempat Pemotongan Unggas Bebek Beton

The large Muslim population in Indonesia has led to an increasing demand for halal meat. To ensure that the meat is slaughtered in accordance with Islamic law, JULEHA certification is essential. The importance of JULEHA certification lies in its ability to provide consumers with a guarantee that the meat they consume has been processed according to halal standards. This certification in poultry slaughtering aims to ensure that the slaughtering process complies with Islamic law, supports business sustainability, and guarantees that the raw materials used for halal meat processing are met. With the presence of JULEHA certification, the quality of products can be improved, halal integrity maintained, and consumer trust in poultry slaughtering facilities can be enhanced. This research is expected to contribute to the understanding of the importance of JULEHA certification in the culinary industry and among poultry slaughtering entrepreneurs. The method employed in this study is field research, utilizing a qualitative approach aimed at deeply understanding the significance of JULEHA in TPU Bebek Beton. The data sources used in this research include both primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques involved interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that JULEHA at TPU Bebek Beton possesses competency certification and has fulfilled the 13 competencies outlined in the SKNI. JULEHA has participated in training and education programs organized by Universitas Airlangga Surabaya.

High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) for Blood Pressure Reduction in Older Adults: Protocol for Diet Concept and Randomized Controlled Trial.

Hypertension increases with age, often due to high sodium (Na) and low potassium (K) intake. Reducing salt and increasing K intake is challenging, especially for older adults due to taste preferences. Culinary herbs and spices, rich in K, offer a potential solution. The High Potassium Diet Rich in Spices and Herbs-Salt Substitution (HPSH-SS) diet has not yet been studied for its effectiveness in lowering blood pressure. This study aims to create an HPSH-SS diet, analyze its effects on blood pressure in older adults, and study the molecular mechanism occurring in the kidneys and blood vessels influenced by this diet. This study consists of 2 phases. The first phase involved formulating and assessing the HPSH-SS diet tailored for older adults. The intervention group (IG) received a diet of 1800 kcal/day, with 3500 mg K and 1500 mg Na, while the control group (CG) received 1500 mg K and 2000 mg Na. The diet was administered for 14 days and standardized using the NutriSurvey program and biochemistry analysis by atomic absorbance spectrophotometry (AAS). The second phase was a 14-day parallel randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the older adult participants divided into IG and CG. Primary outcomes included blood pressure; serum potassium; aldosterone; F2 isoprostane; nitric oxide plasma levels; and urine analysis of Na, K, and the Na/K ratio. Confounding variables were controlled through randomization and stratified analysis. The menu formulation and organoleptic assessment of the HPSH-SS diet began in mid-2022 and was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Public Health at Universitas Airlangga (78/EA/KEPK/2022) on May 11, 2022. The diet was standardized to achieve daily nutritional values of 1800 kcal energy, 3500 mg K, and 1500 mg Na. K and Na contents were analyzed using AAS from several participants' spice diet menus. Recruitment for the RCT started in March 2023, with approval from the Health Research Ethics Committee Universitas Airlangga School of Medicine, Surabaya (35/EC/KEPK/FKUA/2023). The study was registered from February 9, 2023, to February 9, 2024. Between March and June 2023, 64 participants were recruited, with 32 participants in the IG and CG. The intervention and data collection will take place over 1 year. Data management is in progress, and data analysis is yet to be performed. This RCT protocol hypothesizes that the diet will increase serum K, plasma aldosterone, and nitric oxide levels; decrease plasma F2 isoprostane; increase urinary Na and K levels; lower the urinary Na/K ratio; and reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure. If effective, it will offer valuable insights into dietary strategies for blood pressure regulation in older adults. DERR1-10.2196/56869.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POSTPARTUM ANXIETY AND BABY BLUES SYNDROME AT UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA HOSPITAL

Background: Postpartum mothers are vulnerable to mental health problems, including baby blues syndrome, which occurs in the first week. Baby blues syndrome has the potential to predict postpartum depression, and if left untreated, it can lead to more severe mental disorders. This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of postpartum maternal anxiety and the occurrence of baby blues syndrome at Universitas Airlangga Hospital. Method: This was a quantitative study with an observational analytic method and a cross-sectional design. The population in this study was mothers 1-2 days postpartum who were treated at Universitas Airlangga Hospital in December 2023. The study involved 33 postpartum mothers sampled using the consecutive sampling method. The instruments used were questionnaires, the Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PASS) to measure anxiety and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to measure symptoms of baby blues syndrome. The analysis method used was the chi-square test. Results: Respondents with anxiety without symptoms were 12 (36.36%), none of whom experienced baby blues syndrome. Out of 16 respondents with mild to moderate anxiety and experienced baby blues syndrome, one person (3.03%) did. And out of 5 respondents with severe anxiety and experienced baby blues syndrome, one person (3.03%). The p-value of 0.289 based on the chi-square test. Conclusion: The level of anxiety in postpartum mothers is not related to the incidence of Baby Blues Syndrome.

Prevalence of Ectoparasites in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia

The problem most often encountered in fish farming is disease which can cause a decrease in fish production levels. Parasites cause one of the infectious diseases found in fish farming. The presence of parasites can cause a decrease in the quality of the growth of fish production. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of ectoparasites on Nile tilapia in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Ninety-six samples from two ponds were examined under the microscope to find out the presence of ectoparasite that exists in the outside body part of the fish. Samples were collected from skin, fins, tail, and gills using native methods and observed under a microscope in the Division of Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The results of this study showed 86 samples positively infected by ectoparasite and 10 showed negative. The ectoparasites found in this study were Trichodina sp., Chilodonella sp., Ichthyophthirius multifillis, Gyrodactylus sp., and Dactylogyrus sp. The highest prevalence is Trichodina sp. and Dactylogyrus sp. The number of fish infested by ectoparasite is 89.56%, this is classified in the usual category. The highest prevalence occurs in infestations of Trichodina sp. i.e.72.91% which were contained in the 70 samples. While the lowest prevalence was in Gyrodactylus sp. by 8.32% in 8 fish samples. Double infections from two different ponds were 70% within 33 samples which were included in the usual category.

Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics of Kuhli Loach (Pangio kuhlii)

Kuhli loach (Pangio kuhlii) a popular ornamental freshwater fish species with economic potential, originating from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, and Malaysia. The kuhli loach's appeal lies in its vibrant colors and distinctive eel-like body. This study aims to explores the sexual primary and secondary characteristics of the kuhli loach. Conducted at Universitas Airlangga in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, the study involved a thorough analysis of 50 kuhli loaches, evenly split between males and females. Morphological observations revealed significant differences (p < 0.05), such as the elongated body and expanded abdominal region in females, suggesting adaptations for reproduction. Internal examinations, including peritoneal dissections and histological analysis, unveiled distinct stages of spermatogenesis in males and ovarian development in females, providing insights into the reproductive cycle. Meristic and morphometric analyses identified noteworthy differences in pectoral fin rays, suggesting potential roles in reproductive behavior, while other traits exhibited similarity between genders. This study contributes to the understanding of kuhli loach ecology and reproductive biology, highlighting the importance of addressing sustainability concerns arising from the continuous exploitation of wild populations. This study serves as a foundational step towards advancing reproductive improvement in fish and supports the conservation of this unique ornamental fish species, with implications for aquaculture practices and economic considerations.

Analysis of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and osteoprotegerin gene polymorphism on the risk of cardiovascular mortality risk and progressivity of chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global public health issue with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and cardiovascular mortality. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C and osteoprotegerin (OPG) C950T gene have received significant attention as a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease and CKD. This was a cross-sectional study involving 75 adults with CKD recruited from Nephrology Outpatient Clinics of Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Demographic data was obtained from interviews and medical records. The "CKD Patch" application was used to asses ASCVD and cardiovascular mortality risk scores. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 26. We detected four different AT1R gene polymorphisms (A1166C, A1160C, G1170T, and G1181C) and two OPG gene polymorphisms (T950C and G1181C) in Indonesian CKD patients. A1160C and G1181C polymorphisms were novel SNPs, newly discovered in this research. No significant association was found between AT1R SNPs and kidney prognostic markers or ASCVD risk/mortality risk scores. However, for OPG C950T we found that TT genotype had a significantly higher ACR than TC or CC genotype (P=0.032). As for OPG G1181C, we found that GG genotype had a higher serum creatinine and albumin to creatinine ratio compared to GC and CC genotypes (P=0.004 and 0.029, respectively). Genotype GC for OPG G1181C was also shown to be protective for having better kidney markers and lowest cardiovascular mortality risk compared to GG and CC genotypes (P=0.018 and 0.032, respectively). Increased ASCVD risk and mortality risk score was not found on individuals with AT1R gene SNPs. However, for OPG gene polymorphism, C950T and G1181C were associated with kidney progression and cardiovascular mortality.

Comparing the effectiveness of educational videos and booklets in enhancing knowledge about odontogenic infections and awareness about seeking dental treatment

Objective: Odontogenic infections are common but often disregarded due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about oral health. Effective health promotion through educational media can enhance understanding and encourage better oral hygiene practices. This study at Universitas Airlangga Academic Dental Hospital is conducted using visual and audiovisual media to educate patients, aiming to assess the efficacy of these media in increasing knowledge and awareness about odontogenic infections, ultimately promoting dental treatment-seeking behaviour. Material and Methods: One hundred eighty-two participants from the Universitas Airlangga Academic Dental Hospital completed the questionnaires to assess knowledge and awareness score increase using either videos or booklets. Results: The statistical test results using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test indicate that both methods influenced the knowledge and awareness scores. The Mann-Whitney test showed P=0.000, which means that the post-test scores of both methods were significantly different. Regarding N gain analysis, the increase in knowledge and awareness was higher when using booklets, with average scores of 2.5585 and 1.7457, compared to using videos, which resulted in increases of 0.3680 and 0.1683, respectively. Conclusion: Booklets were more effective than videos in increasing knowledge about odontogenic infections and awareness of seeking dental treatment.

The Effects of Quercetin on the Expression of Collagen I, Collagen III and Elastin in Vaginal: An Experimental Animal Study

Background: Vulvovaginal atrophy is part of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause caused by hypoestrogenic changes. This pathophysiological mechanism alters the concentration of collagen and elastin, which modifies the vaginal mucosa and impairs the function of the pelvic floor muscles. Quercetin is one of the flavonols found in plants, fruits, and vegetables. Quercetin helps to improve the syndrome through a variety of actions and estrogen-like effects. This study aimed to analyze the impact of quercetin on collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in a vaginal menopausal rat model. Method: This study's research design was an in vivo randomized control group post-test. The research was conducted at the animal laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Rattus norvegicus, used in the study, were divided into 5 groups: normal rat, menopausal model without treatment, menopausal model given 17-β estradiol valerate 0.18 mg/kg, quercetin 12.5 mg/kg, and quercetin 50 mg/kg. The effectiveness of therapy was assessed from the immunohistochemical expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in vaginal tissue. Results: The standard group in this study had the highest average expression levels of collagen I and elastin. The group of menopausal models without treatment in the study had the highest average expression of collagen III. Collagen I expression (p < 0.001), collagen III expression (p < 0.001), and elastin expression (p < 0.001) all showed significant differences. The menopausal rat model without treatment and the standard group showed the most differences in the expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin. Conclusions: The expression of collagen I, collagen III, and elastin in the vagina of the menopausal model was affected by the administration of quercetin at a level of 50 mg/kg. Thus, quercetin can be an alternative herbal treatment option to improve vulvovaginal atrophy in menopausal conditions.

YOUTH PEOPLE’S CIVIC AND POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT AT SMAN 1 GIRI, BANYUWANGI REGENCY

This community service activity aims to increase the political and civil literacy of novice voters in preparation for the 2024 Simultaneous Elections in Indonesia. The targets of this community service activity are school students or youth who are at least 17 years old in the year the 2024 Simultaneous Election will be held. Youth were chosen as the main target because they are a group with a large proportion in the 2024 election contestation which will determine the future of democracy. As new voters, they need preparation and a deep understanding of how to participate in the political process effectively to determine the direction and policies of government. For this reason, the Public Administration Department of Universitas Airlangga will partner with the East Java Provincial Education Office which will later provide guidance to the SMAN 1 Giri, Banyuwangi Regency to hold a community service program at the school. Community service activities will involve understanding the political system, democratic processes, political issues, and the importance of active political participation. Activities will be carried out through three main stages: preparation, implementation and evaluation. The preparatory stage involves collecting and compiling relevant political and civic literacy materials. Next, the implementation stage will involve counseling, workshops and group discussions to provide in-depth understanding to novice voters. The evaluation stage will be carried out to measure the effectiveness of the program and obtain feedback from participants. It is hoped that this activity will provide a fundamental contribution in increasing the political and civil literacy of novice voters. With a better understanding of the political system, first-time voters will be able to make good political decisions, participate actively in the political process, and critically evaluate the information they receive.

Introducing the Diversification of Fishery Products from Cultivated Milkfish as a Trigger for the Creative Economy in the Former Pros- titution Area of Kampung Dolly, Surabaya

Kampung Dolly was originally the largest prostitution areain Southeast Asia which is associated with nightlife. On 19June 2014, a policy was issued by the Surabaya city govern-ment to close this prostitution area which abruptly causedmany people to lose their jobs that previously could obtain anoverall economic turnaround of over 300 million rupiah pernight. Even after a decade, the community still has not beenable to recover its economic independence. The research wasdeemed indispensable for assisting the community regain itseconomic strength. This activity was conducted by the lectur-ers and students of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Uni-versitas Airlangga to foster a creative economy in KampungDolly community by utilizing fishery resources for 41 partici-pants who were members of MSME N'Jarang Nambe, Kam-pung Dolly, Surabaya. Assistance and monitoring were alsoprovided to ensure a successful outcome for the participants.Preliminary questionnaires found that 87.8% of participantshad ever bought fisheries products and were knowledgeableabout various diversification product types available in themarket. The final questionnaires observed the participants'preferences on product packaging, marketing, and licensing oftheir products. A total of 54% of participants preferred simplepackaging with affordable pricing, 66% of participants wouldrather sell their product at conventional markets directly, andonly 37% of participants have applied for business permits. Inconclusion, this activity has successfully providedcomprehensive insight regarding the introduction of productdiversification and assistance during the production process totrigger the entrepreneurial spirit for regaining economicstability in Kampung Dolly communities.

Unusual odontogenic keratocyst with impacted maxillary central incisor: A diagnosis challenge

Background: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is considered an odontogenic cyst, with the unique clinical characteristics of this entity being local destruction, aggressive behavior, a high recurrence rate, specific histopathologic features, and the tendency for multiple lesions when associated with syndromes. Odontogenic keratocyst accounts for 12–14% of all cysts in the jaws. Purpose: The aim of this case report is to present an unusual odontogenic keratocyst associated with impacted maxillary central incisor, case management of anterior maxilla odontogenic keratocyst involving an adjacent tooth, and its postoperative six-month follow-up. Case: A 13-year-old female patient was referred to the Universitas Airlangga Hospital with a complaint that her upper front teeth had not erupted. The parents revealed that the patient had suffered trauma from falling down the stairs at the age of four, i.e., eight years ago. Case Management: The cyst was enucleated together with the associated permanent upper right central incisor, retained deciduous upper right central incisor, the permanent upper right lateral incisor, and upper right canine. Post surgical treatment, the patient used a partial denture to increase her self-confidence. Conclusion: Enucleation of the cyst with extraction of the permanent teeth should be performed to avoid recurrence of the OKC. Periodic radiographic evaluation is required with long-term follow-up.

Preface

The 6th International Conference on Fisheries and Marine Science (InCoFiMS) “The Strategic Role of Marine and Aquaculture in Supporting Resource Diversity and Sustainable Development Goals” Surabaya, Indonesia, October 30th, 2023 FACULTY OF FISHERIES AND MARINE UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA PREFACE The 6th International Conference on Fisheries and Marine Sciences (InCoFiMS) in 2023 is a regular event held by the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. This conference was held in Surabaya on October 30th, 2023. The theme was “The Strategic Role of Marine and Aquaculture in Supporting Resource Diversity and Sustainable Development Goals.” The theme underlines the importance of fisheries and marine in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). More than 100 participants (presenters and non-presenters) attended this conference virtually via Zoom meetings to reach parts of the world. It was also an honor for the committee since the keynotes and speakers invited were diverse. This international conference is an excellent opportunity for students, researchers, and professionals worldwide to meet and discuss current issues on every topic related to the SDGs. The fisheries and marine domains have experienced exponential change, driven by challenges and prospects. The fisheries and marine sector’s contribution to the noble goals of sustainable development has deepened. We express our deepest thanks to all parties who have contributed to the publication of these proceedings. We thank Universitas Airlangga for its full support in holding the international conference. We also thank the reviewers for their contributions. These proceedings contain research papers that have been selected for publication. Hopefully, these proceeding will benefit the progress of the fisheries and marine sectors. Abdul Manan, S.Pi., M.Si., Ph.D. Chairman of the 6th InCoFiMS List of Organizing Committee is available in this Pdf.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. 1. Type of peer review: Double anonymous 2. Conference submission management system: Morressier 3. Number of submissions received: 67 4. Number of submissions sent for review: 67 5. Number of submissions accepted: 39 6. Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 58.2 % 7. Average number of reviews per paper: 1.00 8. Total number of reviewers involved: 6 9. Contact person for queries: Name: Abdul Manan Affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga Email: abdulmanan@fpk.unair.ac.id

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 7 No. 3 August 2024

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published at August 2024. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, Clinical-Community Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Education. This edition includes writings from four countries: India, Indonesia, Italy, and Malaysia. The authors come from several institutions, including Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Universitas Jember, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, University of Kalyani, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Universitas Airlangga, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Universitas Islam Bandung, Universitas Mulawarman, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Universitas Global Jakarta, and Management and Science University. Editorial boards are fully aware that there are still room for improvement in this edition, hence with all humility willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repetoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, could re-participate for the publication in the next edition on November 2024. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.