Universitas Airlangga Research Articles

Prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Dental Hospital Universitas Airlangga

Background: The prevalence of dental and oral health problems in Indonesia, including periodontal disease and gingival overgrowth (GO), remains high and requires serious attention from health workers. This study aims to determine the prevalence of GO due to the existing data gap and public concern regarding this condition. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of gingival overgrowth among patients at the periodontology clinic of Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital. Material and Methods: This study was conducted from August to September 2023 at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga using a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. The sample was calculated using total sampling from medical record data of patients at the Periodontics Clinic of the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) Universitas Airlangga who met the inclusion criteria in 2022. The study variables included gingival overgrowth (GO), gender, age, and tooth region (sextant). Data were processed using Microsoft Excel and presented as a percentage (%). A descriptive data analysis was carried out to draw a conclusion. Conclusion: The study found that 37.11% of patients at the Dental and Oral Hospital (RSGM) of Universitas Airlangga experienced gingival overgrowth. The percentage of male patients experiencing gingival overgrowth was higher than that of women, with the highest age group being 18-24 years. The tooth area that experienced the most gingival overgrowth was sextant 5, with a total of 29 samples.

Prevalence of Ectoparasites in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Sidoarjo, Indonesia

The problem most often encountered in fish farming is disease which can cause a decrease in fish production levels. Parasites cause one of the infectious diseases found in fish farming. The presence of parasites can cause a decrease in the quality of the growth of fish production. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of ectoparasites on Nile tilapia in Sidoarjo, Indonesia. Ninety-six samples from two ponds were examined under the microscope to find out the presence of ectoparasite that exists in the outside body part of the fish. Samples were collected from skin, fins, tail, and gills using native methods and observed under a microscope in the Division of Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. The results of this study showed 86 samples positively infected by ectoparasite and 10 showed negative. The ectoparasites found in this study were Trichodina sp., Chilodonella sp., Ichthyophthirius multifillis, Gyrodactylus sp., and Dactylogyrus sp. The highest prevalence is Trichodina sp. and Dactylogyrus sp. The number of fish infested by ectoparasite is 89.56%, this is classified in the usual category. The highest prevalence occurs in infestations of Trichodina sp. i.e.72.91% which were contained in the 70 samples. While the lowest prevalence was in Gyrodactylus sp. by 8.32% in 8 fish samples. Double infections from two different ponds were 70% within 33 samples which were included in the usual category.

Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics of Kuhli Loach (Pangio kuhlii)

Kuhli loach (Pangio kuhlii) a popular ornamental freshwater fish species with economic potential, originating from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, and Malaysia. The kuhli loach's appeal lies in its vibrant colors and distinctive eel-like body. This study aims to explores the sexual primary and secondary characteristics of the kuhli loach. Conducted at Universitas Airlangga in Banyuwangi, Indonesia, the study involved a thorough analysis of 50 kuhli loaches, evenly split between males and females. Morphological observations revealed significant differences (p < 0.05), such as the elongated body and expanded abdominal region in females, suggesting adaptations for reproduction. Internal examinations, including peritoneal dissections and histological analysis, unveiled distinct stages of spermatogenesis in males and ovarian development in females, providing insights into the reproductive cycle. Meristic and morphometric analyses identified noteworthy differences in pectoral fin rays, suggesting potential roles in reproductive behavior, while other traits exhibited similarity between genders. This study contributes to the understanding of kuhli loach ecology and reproductive biology, highlighting the importance of addressing sustainability concerns arising from the continuous exploitation of wild populations. This study serves as a foundational step towards advancing reproductive improvement in fish and supports the conservation of this unique ornamental fish species, with implications for aquaculture practices and economic considerations.

Analysis of angiotensin II type 1 receptor and osteoprotegerin gene polymorphism on the risk of cardiovascular mortality risk and progressivity of chronic kidney disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant global public health issue with increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and cardiovascular mortality. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) A1166C and osteoprotegerin (OPG) C950T gene have received significant attention as a genetic risk factor for cardiovascular disease and CKD. This was a cross-sectional study involving 75 adults with CKD recruited from Nephrology Outpatient Clinics of Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Demographic data was obtained from interviews and medical records. The "CKD Patch" application was used to asses ASCVD and cardiovascular mortality risk scores. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS version 26. We detected four different AT1R gene polymorphisms (A1166C, A1160C, G1170T, and G1181C) and two OPG gene polymorphisms (T950C and G1181C) in Indonesian CKD patients. A1160C and G1181C polymorphisms were novel SNPs, newly discovered in this research. No significant association was found between AT1R SNPs and kidney prognostic markers or ASCVD risk/mortality risk scores. However, for OPG C950T we found that TT genotype had a significantly higher ACR than TC or CC genotype (P=0.032). As for OPG G1181C, we found that GG genotype had a higher serum creatinine and albumin to creatinine ratio compared to GC and CC genotypes (P=0.004 and 0.029, respectively). Genotype GC for OPG G1181C was also shown to be protective for having better kidney markers and lowest cardiovascular mortality risk compared to GG and CC genotypes (P=0.018 and 0.032, respectively). Increased ASCVD risk and mortality risk score was not found on individuals with AT1R gene SNPs. However, for OPG gene polymorphism, C950T and G1181C were associated with kidney progression and cardiovascular mortality.

Comparing the effectiveness of educational videos and booklets in enhancing knowledge about odontogenic infections and awareness about seeking dental treatment

Objective: Odontogenic infections are common but often disregarded due to a lack of awareness and knowledge about oral health. Effective health promotion through educational media can enhance understanding and encourage better oral hygiene practices. This study at Universitas Airlangga Academic Dental Hospital is conducted using visual and audiovisual media to educate patients, aiming to assess the efficacy of these media in increasing knowledge and awareness about odontogenic infections, ultimately promoting dental treatment-seeking behaviour. Material and Methods: One hundred eighty-two participants from the Universitas Airlangga Academic Dental Hospital completed the questionnaires to assess knowledge and awareness score increase using either videos or booklets. Results: The statistical test results using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test indicate that both methods influenced the knowledge and awareness scores. The Mann-Whitney test showed P=0.000, which means that the post-test scores of both methods were significantly different. Regarding N gain analysis, the increase in knowledge and awareness was higher when using booklets, with average scores of 2.5585 and 1.7457, compared to using videos, which resulted in increases of 0.3680 and 0.1683, respectively. Conclusion: Booklets were more effective than videos in increasing knowledge about odontogenic infections and awareness of seeking dental treatment.

YOUTH PEOPLE’S CIVIC AND POLITICAL ENGAGEMENT AT SMAN 1 GIRI, BANYUWANGI REGENCY

This community service activity aims to increase the political and civil literacy of novice voters in preparation for the 2024 Simultaneous Elections in Indonesia. The targets of this community service activity are school students or youth who are at least 17 years old in the year the 2024 Simultaneous Election will be held. Youth were chosen as the main target because they are a group with a large proportion in the 2024 election contestation which will determine the future of democracy. As new voters, they need preparation and a deep understanding of how to participate in the political process effectively to determine the direction and policies of government. For this reason, the Public Administration Department of Universitas Airlangga will partner with the East Java Provincial Education Office which will later provide guidance to the SMAN 1 Giri, Banyuwangi Regency to hold a community service program at the school. Community service activities will involve understanding the political system, democratic processes, political issues, and the importance of active political participation. Activities will be carried out through three main stages: preparation, implementation and evaluation. The preparatory stage involves collecting and compiling relevant political and civic literacy materials. Next, the implementation stage will involve counseling, workshops and group discussions to provide in-depth understanding to novice voters. The evaluation stage will be carried out to measure the effectiveness of the program and obtain feedback from participants. It is hoped that this activity will provide a fundamental contribution in increasing the political and civil literacy of novice voters. With a better understanding of the political system, first-time voters will be able to make good political decisions, participate actively in the political process, and critically evaluate the information they receive.

Introducing the Diversification of Fishery Products from Cultivated Milkfish as a Trigger for the Creative Economy in the Former Pros- titution Area of Kampung Dolly, Surabaya

Kampung Dolly was originally the largest prostitution areain Southeast Asia which is associated with nightlife. On 19June 2014, a policy was issued by the Surabaya city govern-ment to close this prostitution area which abruptly causedmany people to lose their jobs that previously could obtain anoverall economic turnaround of over 300 million rupiah pernight. Even after a decade, the community still has not beenable to recover its economic independence. The research wasdeemed indispensable for assisting the community regain itseconomic strength. This activity was conducted by the lectur-ers and students of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Uni-versitas Airlangga to foster a creative economy in KampungDolly community by utilizing fishery resources for 41 partici-pants who were members of MSME N'Jarang Nambe, Kam-pung Dolly, Surabaya. Assistance and monitoring were alsoprovided to ensure a successful outcome for the participants.Preliminary questionnaires found that 87.8% of participantshad ever bought fisheries products and were knowledgeableabout various diversification product types available in themarket. The final questionnaires observed the participants'preferences on product packaging, marketing, and licensing oftheir products. A total of 54% of participants preferred simplepackaging with affordable pricing, 66% of participants wouldrather sell their product at conventional markets directly, andonly 37% of participants have applied for business permits. Inconclusion, this activity has successfully providedcomprehensive insight regarding the introduction of productdiversification and assistance during the production process totrigger the entrepreneurial spirit for regaining economicstability in Kampung Dolly communities.

Unusual odontogenic keratocyst with impacted maxillary central incisor: A diagnosis challenge

Background: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is considered an odontogenic cyst, with the unique clinical characteristics of this entity being local destruction, aggressive behavior, a high recurrence rate, specific histopathologic features, and the tendency for multiple lesions when associated with syndromes. Odontogenic keratocyst accounts for 12–14% of all cysts in the jaws. Purpose: The aim of this case report is to present an unusual odontogenic keratocyst associated with impacted maxillary central incisor, case management of anterior maxilla odontogenic keratocyst involving an adjacent tooth, and its postoperative six-month follow-up. Case: A 13-year-old female patient was referred to the Universitas Airlangga Hospital with a complaint that her upper front teeth had not erupted. The parents revealed that the patient had suffered trauma from falling down the stairs at the age of four, i.e., eight years ago. Case Management: The cyst was enucleated together with the associated permanent upper right central incisor, retained deciduous upper right central incisor, the permanent upper right lateral incisor, and upper right canine. Post surgical treatment, the patient used a partial denture to increase her self-confidence. Conclusion: Enucleation of the cyst with extraction of the permanent teeth should be performed to avoid recurrence of the OKC. Periodic radiographic evaluation is required with long-term follow-up.

Preface

The 6th International Conference on Fisheries and Marine Science (InCoFiMS) “The Strategic Role of Marine and Aquaculture in Supporting Resource Diversity and Sustainable Development Goals” Surabaya, Indonesia, October 30th, 2023 FACULTY OF FISHERIES AND MARINE UNIVERSITAS AIRLANGGA PREFACE The 6th International Conference on Fisheries and Marine Sciences (InCoFiMS) in 2023 is a regular event held by the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. This conference was held in Surabaya on October 30th, 2023. The theme was “The Strategic Role of Marine and Aquaculture in Supporting Resource Diversity and Sustainable Development Goals.” The theme underlines the importance of fisheries and marine in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). More than 100 participants (presenters and non-presenters) attended this conference virtually via Zoom meetings to reach parts of the world. It was also an honor for the committee since the keynotes and speakers invited were diverse. This international conference is an excellent opportunity for students, researchers, and professionals worldwide to meet and discuss current issues on every topic related to the SDGs. The fisheries and marine domains have experienced exponential change, driven by challenges and prospects. The fisheries and marine sector’s contribution to the noble goals of sustainable development has deepened. We express our deepest thanks to all parties who have contributed to the publication of these proceedings. We thank Universitas Airlangga for its full support in holding the international conference. We also thank the reviewers for their contributions. These proceedings contain research papers that have been selected for publication. Hopefully, these proceeding will benefit the progress of the fisheries and marine sectors. Abdul Manan, S.Pi., M.Si., Ph.D. Chairman of the 6th InCoFiMS List of Organizing Committee is available in this Pdf.

Peer Review Statement

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing. 1. Type of peer review: Double anonymous 2. Conference submission management system: Morressier 3. Number of submissions received: 67 4. Number of submissions sent for review: 67 5. Number of submissions accepted: 39 6. Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 58.2 % 7. Average number of reviews per paper: 1.00 8. Total number of reviewers involved: 6 9. Contact person for queries: Name: Abdul Manan Affiliation: Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga Email: abdulmanan@fpk.unair.ac.id

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 7 No. 3 August 2024

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published at August 2024. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacology-Toxicology, Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, Clinical-Community Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Education. This edition includes writings from four countries: India, Indonesia, Italy, and Malaysia. The authors come from several institutions, including Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, Universitas Jember, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, University of Kalyani, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Universitas Airlangga, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Universitas Islam Bandung, Universitas Mulawarman, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Kristen Duta Wacana, Universitas Global Jakarta, and Management and Science University. Editorial boards are fully aware that there are still room for improvement in this edition, hence with all humility willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repetoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, could re-participate for the publication in the next edition on November 2024. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Mentorship program to elevate journal quality and rankings in Indonesia: a case study

This article explores the best practices of mentorship programs in all journals at Universitas Airlangga. The university has established a journal mentoring team, as mandated by the rector’s regulation, which is responsible for guiding journals through preparation, submission, management, policy, and overall quality improvement. A case study was conducted to explore the mentoring mechanisms at Universitas Airlangga. Mentors were selected from among experienced editors at the university, each with a distinguished background in managing their own journals. The mentorship program successfully led to the indexing of 14 journals in Scopus, one in Web of Science (WoS), 85 in the Science and Technology Index (SINTA), and 60 in Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). The strategies used can be shared with other universities to assist their journal editors. The mentorship program at Universitas Airlangga has significantly improved the quality and international visibility of its academic journals. This is evidenced by the successful indexing of numerous journals in prestigious databases including Scopus, WoS, SINTA, and DOAJ. The structured mentoring, clear targets, and comprehensive institutional support were instrumental in achieving these results. This model serves as a scalable best practice for other universities seeking to improve their journal quality and global standing.

Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 as a Predictor of Mortality in Elderly with COVID-19.

The age group at the most high risk for mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection was the elderly. This study aims to analyze markers that can predict the severity and mortality of elderly COVID-19 patients. This study used a cohort retrospective design. We include adult and elderly COVID-19 patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital from March to August 2021. The sample used was 48 COVID-19 patients with positive real-time polymerase chain reaction swab results. We check the complete blood count and serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay during admission. Data were analyzed using t -test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Pearson, and Kendall Tau correlation. Leukocyte level (6.6 ± 2.5) was lowest in the severe-critical elderly group. Neutrophil level (75.3 ± 10.2) was highest in the mild-moderate elderly group. Lymphocyte level (18.8 ± 8.7) was highest in mild-moderate nonelderly group. Platelet level (279.0 ± 117.7) was highest in the mild-moderate elderly group. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio level (9.1 ± 9.4) was highest in the severe-critical nonelderly group, IL-6 level (98.6 ± 144.1) was highest in the severe-critical elderly group, IL-10 level (107.7 ± 47.7) was highest in the severe-critical elderly group and highest IL-6/IL-10 level (1.4 ± 1.7) was found in the mild-moderate elderly group no significant differences in biomarkers identification between the elderly and nonelderly groups. There was a substantial relationship between IL-10 levels and gender, IL-10 level, and hospital discharge condition. Female elderly patients and alive elderly patients were correlated with increased levels of IL-10.

Flat Foot based on Clarke's Angle Method and Overweight among Medical Students of Universitas Airlangga

Highlights: Being overweight can be one of the causes of flat foot. A person with flat feet may experience pain in the medial malleolus area and discomfort when tiptoeing. Abstract Introduction: A flat foot is an arch deformity, and being overweight is one of the risk factors. It can cause problems such as fatigue, pain in the ankle and back, foot pain (especially during long walks or sports), and disturbances in balance and walking patterns. This study aimed to examine the relationship between flat feet (measured using Clarke's angle) and overweight students at the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Methods: This study used an observational analytic design with a cross-sectional method, gathering primary data directly from the research sample. The data were analyzed using the International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Results: Of the 56 samples meeting inclusion criteria, most cases of flat foot occurred in males. A total of 36 research subjects were overweight or obese, evenly split between females and males. Among the 112 samples, 19 had flat feet, and 93 did not. Chi-square test analysis indicated a highly significant p-value (0.001, p < 0.05), suggesting a significant relationship between flat feet and overweight. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between flat feet (measured using Clarke's angle) and overweight. The majority of subjects in this study were overweight based on body mass index (BMI), and most had a non-flat foot arch type. All cases of flat foot were found in subjects with overweight BMI.

Arterial Blood Gas Parameters to Evaluate Oxygenation and Acid-Base Disorders in Corticosteroid-Receiving Severe and Critical COVID-19 Patients

Highlights: Hypoxemia was prevalent in both severe and critical COVID-19 patients. Severe and critical COVID-19 patients might have tendencies towards respiratory alkalosis/metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis, respectively. Abstract Introduction: Increased inflammation and immune dysregulation in severe and critical COVID-19 trigger oxygen and acid-base disorders, possibly mitigated by corticosteroids. Variations in arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters and the influence of corticosteroid administration have become a concern for clinicians. This study aimed to uncover significant differences in temporal ABG parameters between severe and critical COVID-19 cases undergoing corticosteroid treatment. Methods: This case-control study, which adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines, analyzed severe (n = 27) and critical (n = 41) COVID-19 patients treated in the high care unit (HCU) and the intensive care unit (ICU) of Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, from May to July 2021. ABG results were categorized into three evaluations (E1-E3) based on collection days. The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Macintosh version 27.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Hypoxemia through PaO2 and P/F ratios was prominent in both groups throughout E1-E3, with differences only in E1 P/F ratios (p = 0.003). While SaO2 stayed normal in severe cases, critical cases were low, with differences in E1 (p = 0.012) and E3 (p = 0.004). Severe cases maintained normal pH, while critical cases tended towards acidemia, notably differing in E1-E3. Both groups had low HCO3 levels, differing only in E2 (p < 0.001). Severe and critical groups exhibited low and high PaCO2 trends, respectively, with distinctions in E2 (p < 0.001) and E3 (p = 0.003). Conclusion: Hypoxemia was prevalent in both groups. Compensated respiratory alkalosis or metabolic acidosis was common in the severe group, while the critical presented with respiratory acidosis.

Risk Analysis of Work Posture and Body Mass Index to Musculoskeletal Disorders among Librarians at Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Potential ergonomic hazards at work can lead to complaints of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The Global Burden of Disease estimated that, by 2019, there were about 1.71 billion people in the world living with musculoskeletal problems. One of the jobs that has this risk is librarians because their jobs are dominated by static postures. This study aims to determine the correlation between work posture and body mass index (BMI) with MSDs complaints among librarians at Universitas Airlangga. Methods: This study is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study consists of the total population of librarians at Universitas Airlangga that met the inclusion criteria, totaling 28 librarians. Primary data were obtained through the direct distribution of questionnaires to librarians, observations of work posture and musculoskeletal complaints in librarians. The data in this study were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test. Results: The research results showed that the level of mild MSDs complaints was reported by 7 librarians (25.0%), moderate complaints by 13 librarians (46.4%), and severe complaints by 8 librarians (28.6%). The statistical test results indicate a strong and positive correlation between work posture and MSDs complaints (r = 0.444), while a weak and positive correlation was found between BMI)(r = 0.222) and years of service (r = 0.158) with musculoskeletal disorders complaints. Conclusion: This study concludes that librarians in high-risk work postures may experience musculoskeletal disorders complaints, especially in the neck, shoulders, and back areas.

Exploratory analysis of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6, blood gas analysis & Brixia score in determining COVID-19 severity & mortality.

Background & objectives Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) is primarily expressed by the damaged type II pneumocytes. In this context, the relationship of KL-6 with blood gas analysis (BGA) parameters and Brixia score is still limitedly discussed. This study aims to analyze the correlation of KL-6, BGA and Brixia scores to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in adult COVID-19 positive individuals at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, from March to August 2021. KL-6, BGA, and Brixia scores were compared according to severity (severe vs. non-severe) and mortality (non-survivor vs. survivor). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was also performed to define the optimal cut-off, sensitivity, as well as the specificity of KL-6, BGA and Brixia scores to determine the COVID-19 severity and mortality. Results Total 35 severe and 20 non-severe COVID-19 positive individuals were enrolled in this study. Of those, there were 22 non-survivors. No significant difference in serum KL-6 levels was observed in the severity and mortality groups. KL-6 and HCO3- had positive correlation in the severe group (r=0.37). KL-6 and Brixia scores showed a significant negative correlation among COVID-19 positive individuals (r=-0.283; P=0.036). KL-6 and Brixia scores together served as the best severity markers in the current study [AUC 0.809 (0.697-0.920); Sn/Sp=0.686/0.900)], followed by KL-6 and P/F ratio [AUC 0.800 (0.637-0.963); Sn/Sp=0.971/0.750]. Interpretation & conclusions The findings of this study suggest that KL-6 has the potential to be a useful adjunct laboratory parameter to the BGA and Brixia score representing COVID-19 severity and mortality.

An in-depth investigation of serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 and other biomarkers in COVID-19 severity and mortality.

Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) is a glycoprotein mainly expressed by type II pneumocytes and recently known as a lung injury biomarker. However, the number of studies is still limited, especially in Indonesian COVID-19 populations. Therefore, we aim to provide correlation, sensitivity, and specificity analyses of KL-6 and other biomarkers in Indonesian COVID-19 severity and mortality. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving adult COVID-19 patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia, between March 26, 2021, and August 25, 2021. KL-6 and other biomarker levels were compared according to severity (severe versus non-severe) and mortality (non-survivor versus survivor). We also included the receiver operating characteristic analysis to define the optimal cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of KL-6 to determine COVID-19 severity and mortality. We enrolled 78 COVID- 19 patients (23 non-survivors), including 39 non-severe and 39 severe patients. There was no significant difference in serum KL-6 levels, neither in severity nor mortality groups. KL-6 had the strongest positive correlations with ferritin in severe patients (r=0.313) and non-survivors (r=0.467). We observed that the best sensitivity was KL-6 combined with platelet-to- lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (0.818) in severe patients and with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)/PLR/ferritin/C-reactive protein (0.867) in non-survivors. In contrast, the best specificity was found when KL-6 was combined with NLR/D-dimer (0.750) in severe patients and with D-dimer (0.889) in non-survivors. Serum KL-6 is a useful auxiliary laboratory evaluation index for COVID-19 lung injury to depict its severity and mortality.

Producing Photos and Self-Narration of Kampung Peneleh Surabaya: A Collaborative Community Development Project of UNAIR, UMS, and UTM

The connection between individuals residing in historical locations and their environment is complex and has many aspects. It encompasses both the physical integration and a profound connection to the intangible cultural history of the location. The meaningful link between citizens and historical places is fostered by community participation, a sense of pride in location, and the integration of heritage sites into daily life. Helping the local people to engage in the heritage sites may boost the sense of pride and strengthen the social cohesion among community members. This paper is a report of a collaborative community development program done by Universitas Airlangga, University of Malaysia Sabah, and Universiti of Technology Malaysia. The aim of the project was to help the local people produce their own narrative. The method was through photo competition and workshop. The photos became the tools for the local people to generate stories in relation to the heritage in their neighborhood. The result shows that two main groups of photos were produced: objects and activities. It is concluded that the local people connect themselves with their historical surroundings through the collective memories kept in the objects and the interaction in their daily life.

Motor improvement in Parkinson's disease patients receiving caffeine adjuvants: A double-blind randomized controlled trial in Indonesia.

Parkinson's disease (PD) manifests as a movement and brain function disorder characterized by symptoms such as resting tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability, leading to disability among patients. The use of psychostimulants such as caffeine has been associated with the improvement of motor symptoms in PD patients; however, studies regarding the effect of caffeine adjuvant therapy on motor function among PD patients in the Indonesian population are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate motor improvement as measured by the change in scores of the Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) among PD patients receiving caffeine adjuvant. A double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted among PD patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital and Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, from April to August 2023. A total of 27 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to an intervention (receiving caffeine adjuvant, n=15) and control group (receiving placebo, n=12). Motor improvement was measured using the UPDRS III score prior to intervention and three weeks after. The Chi-squared test was used to analyze the difference in UPDRS III scores between the two groups. Motor improvement, as demonstrated by a reduction in the UPDRS III score, was observed in patients receiving caffeine adjuvant compared to those receiving placebo (80.0% vs 16.7%; p=0.004). Regarding the safety profile, only four out of 15 (26.6%) patients treated with caffeine reported minor adverse events. These conditions improved over time during the intervention. None of the 12 patients in the placebo reported adverse events. This study provides valuable insights into the initial dosage of caffeine that improves motor function in PD patients with minimum adverse effects.