Universitas Airlangga Research Articles

Evaluation of the effect of aminophylline on inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

Background: In Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), invasion and activation of pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators and cytokines result in oxidative damage to the lung tissue. Aminophylline is a combination of theophylline and ethyl diamine, has anti-inflammatory, bronchodilator, ROS inhibitor effects, and stimulates surfactant release. Mortality of ARDS in COVID-19 patients is high; aminophylline is expected to reduce the incidence of mortality. Information regarding the use of aminophylline in COVID-19 patients with ARDS is still limited. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of aminophylline in inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients with ARDS. Methods: It was a retrospective cohort observational study at the Universitas Airlangga Hospital. Samples were hospitalised COVID-19 patients with ARDS who received a loading dose of 240-480 mg and a maintenance dose of 720-960 mg aminophylline. The primary outcomes were improved C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which were measured before and after administration of aminophylline with a duration of therapy of 1-5 days. Result: A total of 50 patients with ARDS were enrolled in the study. Lymphocyte and CRP decreased (p = 0.002; p = 0.128). IL-6, neutrophil, and NLR increased (p = 0.255; p = 0.064; p = 0.005). Conclusion: It can be concluded that the administration of aminophylline has not improved inflammatory parameters.

Distribution of dental anomalies in panoramic radiography at RSGMP Universitas Airlangga

Objectives: This research was aimed to determine the distribution of dental anomaly cases on panoramic radiographs at Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital (RSGMP). Materials and Methods: This research used a descriptive observational design with a total sampling technique from panoramic radiographic data at the Radiology Clinic of RSGMP Universitas Airlangga during 2018–2020, which had cases of dental anomalies. Results: The result showed 116 cases of dental anomalies, with more incidence in female (64%) than in male (36%). The most common dental anomaly category was the number of teeth anomalies (47.41%), followed by tooth size anomalies (29.31%), tooth shape anomalies (23.28%), and there were no cases of anomalies in tooth structure and position. The most common types of dental anomalies were microdontia (27.59%), missing teeth/agenesis (25%), supernumerary teeth (22.41%), dilaceration (16.38%), talon cusp (3.45%), taurodontism (2.59%), macrodontia (1.72%), gemination (0.86%). Conclusion: The most common cases of dental anomalies were based on their categories, namely anomalies in the number of teeth, followed by tooth size, and tooth shape.

Rehabilitation of missing teeth with severely tilted abutment tooth using telescopic bridge: A case report

Background: Prolonged missing teeth can cause the adjacent and or antagonist teeth to migrate towards the edentulous area which then complicate the rehabilitation process. From the patient perspective, it can also affect the functional and aesthetic aspect of their life. Hence, tooth loss whether in small or big number has to be replaced. Telescopic bridge defined as an artificial crown constructed to fit over a coping. It consists of inner and outer coping where the outer coping is cemented over the inner coping. Objective: To rehabilitate posterior missing teeth with severely tilted abutment tooth by fabrication of telescopic bridge. Case Report: A 55-year-old male patient came to prosthodontics specialty clinic at Universitas Airlangga Dental hospital on his volition with a chief complaint of replacement of missing one posterior tooth on both side of lower jaw as he has difficulty in chewing food and recurrence of food entrapment on the missing teeth area. The patient reported to have had missed his lower teeth since 5 years ago. The treatment chosen for this case was telescopic bridge fabrication. This treatment was conducted in order to correct the path of insertion of the prosthesis whilst give a satisfactory aesthetic and functional result. Conclusion: Telescopic bridge can restore aesthetic and functional aspect of missing teeth with a severely tilted abutment tooth.

The Correlation Between the Level of Depression and Religious Coping Among Medical Students Class of 2020 Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Medical students are at risk of developing depression due to their demanding workload and high expectations, which can impact their academic performance and cognitive function. To prevent severe complications, students must prioritize resources for mental health support, namely religious coping as a coping mechanism. Objective: The aim of this study is proof the correlation between depression levels and religious coping in medical students class of 2020 Universitas Airlangga Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design, and random sampling was used as a sampling method, totaling to 90 subjects. Variables used were religious coping and level of depression. The data was then analysed and prevalence, correlation coefficient and p-value were acquired. The research result would be considered significant if p <0.05. Result: Out of 90 students, 32 people (35.6%) are found to have a PHQ score more than 10, indicating depression. Severity was found mostly have moderate depression, which consisted of 12 people (13.3%). For religious coping, 84 people (93.3%) use positive religious coping, and 6 people (6.7%) use negative religious coping. The level of depression correlates with religious coping with a Pearson correlation of -0.450, indicating a negative correlation with a p-value less than 0.001. Conclusion: The prevalence of depression among medical students class of 2020 Universitas Airlangga is 35.6%. Level of depression in found to significantly correlates with religious coping with an opposing direction of correlation.

Relationship Between Stress Level and Academic Grade in Medical Students of Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Medical students have higher psychological pressure compared to students from other majors. Excessive levels of stress can cause physical and mental problems, lower self-esteem, and interfere with academic achievement. Stress has a significant correlation with academic grades. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between stress levels and academic scores Methods: This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design to analyze the relationship between perceived stress scale and academic scores. Perceived Stress Scale were used to determine stress level and spearman correlation were used to correlate stress level with GPA Results: No variable with a Spearman correlation coefficient above 0.2 was found, so it can be seen that none of the variables has a correlation with GPA. But income per capita has a significant p-value. Discussion: The stress level score with the GPA score has a Spearman correlation of -0.089. The correlation shows an insignificant relationship. This shows that the level of stress shown through the Perceived Stress Scale does not have a significant effect on the academic scores of Airlangga University medical students. Sohail's research (2013) found similar results where most students with stress still passed the exam but there were a small number of students with severe stress who failed. This is different from the results of Kumar et al. (2014) who found that stress levels have a negative effect on academic performance. Conclusion: In this study, no correlation was found between stress levels and academic scores.

Endodontic treatment of severely curved root canals – A case series

Background: It is not uncommon for a dentist to encounter endodontic cases of severely curved root canals. Performing endodontic treatment on severely curved root canals can be a daunting task due to the notable risk of creating an iatrogenic error including ledge, perforation, or even instrument separation. Therefore, radiograph image analysis, proper endodontic treatment planning, selection of appropriate instruments and technique is essential to ensure success in endodontic treatment of severely curved root canals. Purpose: This case series aims to elaborate the instruments and technique to safely negotiate, clean, shape, and seal root canals with severe curvature. Cases: Three patients came to Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital due to a severe toothache. After anamnesis and examination, diagnosis was established, and endodontic treatment was deemed necessary. During radiographic image analysis, it is visible that the root canal had a severe curvature. Case Managements: Access opening was performed to allow a straight-line access, orifices were preflared, root canals were negotiated, and glide path was established. Then, shaping, cleaning, and sealing can be performed conveniently until the root canal terminus. Subsequently, coronal restoration was fabricated to restore function and esthetics. Conclusion: With proper knowledge, case analysis, appropriate instruments and techniques, severely curved root canals can be safely and predictably negotiated, cleaned, shaped, and sealed.

Business Model for Small-Scale Artisan Tea Family Business

Business Model for Small-Scale Artisan Tea Family Business

Identification, Prevalence, and Infestation Patterns of Ectoparasitic In MP Hybrid Type Culled Laying Ducks In Gedang Sub Village, Modopuro Village, Mojosari Sub District, Mojokerto District

The purpose of this study was to identify ectoparasites and to determine the prevalence and infestation patterns of ectoparasites that attack the MP hybrid type culled ducks in Gedang Hamlet, Modopuro Village, Mojosari District, Mojokerto Regency. This study used a sample of 100 culled laying ducks of the MP hybrid type. The obtained ectoparasites were identified at the labaroratory of division parasitology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, using the permanent mounting method without staining and viewed using a microscope with 40-100x magnification. This study found 71 samples positively infested with ectoparasites out of 100 samples of culled MP hybrid ducks examined with (prevalence of 71%). The types of ectoparasites found in this study were Menacanthus stramineus (25%), Menopon gallinae (9%), and Anaticola crassicornis (59%). Correspondence analysis test was conducted to show the pattern of infestation of the ectoparasites. The head-neck region was infested by M. stramineus and M. gallinae, while the back, wings, abdomen and tail regions were infested by A. crassicornis. A. crassicornis mostly attacked the MP hybrid type of culled laying ducks on the wings, compared to the back, abdomen and tail. A. crassicornis is an ectoparasite that is typical for the wing region, while M. gallinae and M. stramineus are ectoparasites that are typical for the head-neck region.

OPTIMIZING CORN HARVEST WASTE AS A COMMUNITY ECONOMIC, IMPROVEMENT IN TAWANGREJO VILLAGE, GEMARANG, DISTRICT, MADIUN REGENCY

Corn is the second largest commodity in Tawangrejo Village, Gemarang District, Madiun Regency with a harvest reaching 3 tonnes in 2023. The large corn harvest is in line with the corn waste produced at the end of each harvest period. Until now, corn waste is still used as animal feed in small quantities and the rest is burned, resulting in air pollution around Tawangrejo Village. The work program of "KKN-BBK 2 Universitas Airlangga" aims to educate the public to optimize corn harvest waste while providing additional income from selling these handicraft products through digital marketing. The short-term result of this activity is that the people of Tawangrejo Village can make crafts from corn husk waste to become furniture decorations and brooches. Apart from that, the people of Tawangrejo Village are also able to create accounts on the marketplace and know marketing strategies that can be applied easily. The expected long-term result of this activity is that the income of the people of Tawangrejo Village can increase. For sustainability activities, training should be carried out regularly so that people can hone their creativity more deeply and become experts in making crafts. Apart from that, education regarding interesting marketing methods is also carried out regularly so that the public understands better and can be implemented in other products.

The Use of Comics as a Tuberculosis Learning Medium for Junior High School Students

Highlights: 1. Comics centered around tuberculosis offer a novel method tailored for specific audiences, specifically children or those of school age, to learn about the disease. 2. The tuberculosis comics feature the etiology, prevention, and treatment of tuberculosis conveyed through their unique design. 3. Comics can be an innovative promotional method to support the preventive campaign against tuberculosis. Abstract As a tropical country, Indonesia continues to grapple with the prevalence of tuberculosis. This study conducted by the Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine at Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, presented a novel approach to prevent tuberculosis through measures tailored to the socio-cultural context of the population. Specifically, this study assessed how effective the use of tuberculosis comics is as an educational tool to inform junior high school students about tuberculosis. This research was quasi-experimental, with a one-group pre-test-post-test design. Seventy junior high school students in Dukun District, Gresik, Indonesia participated in this study. Each participant received a questionnaire consisting of ten questions about tuberculosis. Afterward, tuberculosis education was shared through comics. The post-test was carried out using the same questions as the pre-test. The data were analyzed using the R Program for Windows, version 4.1.3 (Auckland University, New Zealand). The analysis revealed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test results (p < 0.0001). As indicated by the data, comics proved to be an effective method of educating people about infectious diseases, specifically tuberculosis. Here, we introduce an educational tool designed to revitalize the educational method for disseminating knowledge about infectious diseases. Ultimately, comics can increase students' interest in learning about tuberculosis, including its etiology, prevention, and treatment strategies.

Academic Engagement of Blind Collage Students

This study aims to describe the academic engagement of blind students at Universitas Airlangga. Airlangga University which has strived to become a disability-friendly campus by providing special facilities. The method used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. Respondents in this study were blind students at Airlangga University who had academic and non-academic achievements. The results of the study show that the description of academic engagement of students with visual impairments at Universitas Airlangga consists of three aspects; 1) vigor is characterized by a sense of enthusiasm and enthusiasm in doing assignments, discussing, and trying new things; 2) absorption is marked by focusing on academic activities based on one's own initiative; 3) dedication is marked by his enthusiasm to inspire others not only domestically but also abroad, also being involved in activities related to his lectures, feeling satisfied and proud of his decision to study in that department. Their limitations do not become an obstacle for blind students to be involved in lectures.

Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 7 No. 1 February 2024

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb. Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm) was published in February 2024. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Analytical Pharmacy-Medicinal Chemistry, and Clinical-Community Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from four countries: India, Indonesia, South Africa, and Thailand. The authors come from several institutions, including Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Khon Kaen University, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, University of the Witwatersrand, Universitas Sanata Dharma, Universitas Halu Oleo, Universitas Bhakti Kencana, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Mahaganesha, Universitas Tanjungpura, National Research and Innovation Agency of the Republic of Indonesia, Universitas Surabaya, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Indonesia, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, and Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta. Editorial boards are fully aware that this edition has room for improvement. Hence, with all humility, we are willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors, reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repertoire in this issue. We hope all parties, especially the contributors, can re-participate in the publication in the next edition in May 2024. Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.

Development Model of Basic ECG Algorithm Interpretation based on Android Application to Increase Ability of Nurses

Introduction: ECG interpretation ability by nurses is still not appropriate, thus affecting the accuracy and speed of the next action that will be given to patients to reduce mortality. This study aimed to develop the use of an Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application to improve the ability of nurse. Methods: Research development design to develop the Android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. The sampling method used purposive sampling as many as 90 nurses in Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. The independent variables were interpretation skills (rhythm, frequency, pacemaker, axis, extrasistole, block, enlargement of heart muscle, coronary heart disease, conclusion). The instruments that are used are ECG recording, ECG interpretation sheet, and focus group disscusion. The analysis used an independent t-test with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results: The results of developing an ECG interpretation algorithm application based on the Android system have received recommendations from experts and feasibility tests have been carried out. There was a relationship between basic ECG interpretation capabilities with the use of an android system based ECG interpretation algorithm application. Increasing the ability of nurses had p value of 0,000. Conclusion: The application of an ECG interpretation algorithm based on an android system can improve nurses' abilities in interpreting basic ECG. For future researchers, it is necessary to develop and refine the Android system-based ECG interpretation algorithm application and this can be applied on a case-by-case basis.

Association between Homocysteine Level and Vitamin D Deficiency with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Indonesia

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an acute subset of coronary heart disease that requires immediate treatment. ACS is at a high prevalence in Indonesia. Homocysteine is another product of methionine metabolism. Hyperhomocysteinemia is known to cause ACS through several mechanisms, namely inducing oxidative stress, endothelial injury, and increased likelihood of plaque rupture. Vitamin D is a hormone needed by the body that comes from food or is produced through the metabolism of Vitamin D. Vitamin D functions as an anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic agent. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency with acute coronary syndrome incidence. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional, observational analysis study with 90 subjects. Subjects were enrolled into two groups; patients with ACS and patients with health control based on age. All subjects were selected from Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya. Serum homocysteine level and Vitamin D deficiency were calculated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between serum homocysteine level and Results: Ninety subjects were obtained in this study. The mean age was 62.1±10.9 years (among patients with ACS) and 60.1±10.3 years (healthy persons), with 55.6% male patients. The traditional risk factors i.e., diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were 62.2%, 91.1%, and 75.6%, respectively. The Chi-square analysis results showed homocysteine level and ACS obtained a contingency coefficient of 0.270 (p = 0.008) and Vitamin D with ACS had a contingency coefficient of 0.468 (p = < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a weak association between homocysteine level and ACS and a moderate association between Vitamin D deficiency and ACS.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of intraarterial chemotherapy for non muscle invasive bladder cancer: Promising alternative therapy in high tuberculosis burden countries.

Local therapies for high risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) such as intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) have shown a high rate of progression and recurrence. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for local therapies has been shown to reduce progression and recurrence in patient with NMIBC. However, its potential role is limited in high burden countries for tuberculosis (TB) due to its low specificity that can cause wrong diagnosis or false positive in patients with clinically diagnosed tuberculosis. BCG vaccine that has to be given for most people in tuberculosis endemic countries will induce trained immunity that could reduce the effectivity of intravesical BCG for NMIBC. Moreover, intravesical BCG is contraindicated in patient with or previous tuberculosis. The potential clinical benefit of intraarterial chemotherapy (IAC) in delaying the recurrence and progression of high-risk NMIBC have been investigated with promising results. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the potential anti-tumor effect of IAC in NMIBC. We conducted a comprehensive search of published articles in Cochrane Library, Pubmed, and Science-Direct to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing IAC alone or combined with IVC versus IVC/BCG alone in NMIBC. The protocol of preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) was applied to this study. Four RCTs and 4 cohort observational studies were eligible in this study and 5 studies were included in meta-analysis. The risk ratio of tumor recurrence was reduced by 35% (RR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.49-0.87; p = 0.004) in IAC plus IVC, while recurrence-free survival (RFS) was prolonged by 45% (HR: 0.55; 95% CI, 0.44-0.69; p < 0.001). The risk of tumor progression was reduced by 45% (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.41-0.75; p = 0.002) and tumor progression-free survival (PFS) was also prolonged by 53% (HR: 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.65; p<0.001). Some RCT's had high or unclear risk of bias, meanwhile 4 included cohort studies had overall low risk of bias, therefore the pooled results need to be interpreted cautiously. Subgroup analysis revealed that the heterogeneity outcome of tumour recurrence might be attributed to the difference in NMIBC stages and grades. The IAC alone or combined with IVC following bladder tumor resection may lower the risk of tumor recurrence and progression. These findings highlight the importance of further multi institutional randomized controlled trials with bigger sample size using a standardized IAC protocol to validate the current results.

Short Communication: Photogrammetric analysis of the number and pattern of dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana)

Abstract. Ramadhani BF, Yuliani MGA, Hendarti GA, Palupi TDW, Rosyada ZNA, Soeharsono, Luqman EM, Srianto P, Dhamayanti Y, Setiawan B. 2024. Short Communication: Photogrammetric analysis of the number and pattern of dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana). Biodiversitas 25: 264-268. Pet animals can significantly positively impact mental health and reduce feelings of loneliness. Due to the large number of pets under care, there is a need for an efficient and effective method of pet identification. Thus, this study aims to identify changes in the dorsal cranium scale of juvenile green iguana (Iguana iguana (Linnaeus, 1758)) less than one year old. Dorsal cranium scales of juvenile green iguanas identified the number and pattern. Photo identification was examined for 18 green iguanas four times from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia, at 12 weeks old, 14 weeks old, 16 weeks old, and 18 weeks old. The photo was taken on a studio set, focusing on the cranium of the green iguana to get the scale pattern correctly. Photo identification was taken to find scale number and pattern determinants by analyzing the app I3S. We collated and analyzed the weekly data to test hypotheses using repeated measure ANOVA analysis in IBM SPSS 23. The data showed that the number of scales of the dorsal cranium was stable during the four photos taken, and each individual could be the same in the number of scales. The pattern of dorsal cranium scales has a stagnant pattern for each individual, and each individual is different at scale patterns, so photo identification as individual identification is possible. However, it is not possible to use it to identify the age of the iguana.

EFFECTIVENESS OF KECOMBRANG FLOWER (ETLINGERA ELATIOR) AS A LARVACIDE FOR AEDES AEGYPTI INSTAR III MOSQUITOES

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus infection where the vector is the female Aedes aegypti mosquito. DHF causes high mortality and morbidity because a vaccine for DHF has not yet been found. DHF therapy is still supportive and symptomatic, causing this disease to remain a health problem for the community. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior) as Aedes aegypti instar III larvicide. This research was conducted at the Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD) Universitas Airlangga in July 2023. The research design used was true experimental design with post-test only group control design. Divided into 7 groups, namely negative control, 0.1%, 0.6%, 1.1%, 1.6%, 2.1% and 2.6%. The number of samples used in the study was 560 larvae. Each group contained 20 larvae with 50ml of solution containing kecombrang flower extract. Repetition was done 4 times at each concentration. The test used was Kruskal-Wallis (p&lt;0.05), Post-Hoc Mann Whitney U test (p&lt;0.05). The results showed the highest average larval mortality at concentrations of 2.1% and 2.6% at 100% and the lowest average at a concentration of 0.1% at 28.75%. In the Kruskal-Wallis test, each treatment group showed significant differences (p&lt;0.05). The Mann Whitney U post hoc test showed significant differences between the two treatment groups.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Kecombrang flower (Etlingera elatior), Larvacide&#x0D;

The relationship between peer social support and the stress level of midwife students who compile a thesis at Universitas Airlangga

The relationship between peer social support and the stress level of midwife students who compile a thesis at Universitas Airlangga

The Relationship between Early Pregnancy and Postpartum Anxiety: A Systematic Review

Background: Anxiety in pregnancy has many adverse effects, both on maternal mental health and birth outcomes, as well as being a risk factor for maternal depression. The period of pregnancy and childbirth is said to be a period of life that has the potential for pregnant women to experience stress. Early pregnancy occurs in young women aged &lt;20 years. This study aims to analyze and examine the relationship between early pregnancy and postpartum anxiety using a systematic review method.&#x0D; Method: This research is a systematic review with PICO including: (1) Population: pregnant women; (2) Intervention: Early pregnancy; (3) Normal age pregnancy; (4) Postpartum blues. The databases used are Google Scholar, PubMed, and GARUDA. Inclusion criteria include full text in Indonesian and English with research subjects being pregnant women with anxiety. The exclusion criteria in this study were articles published under the last five years.&#x0D; Results: A total of 9 articles stated that there was a relationship between early pregnancy and postpartum anxiety. The average level of anxiety during pregnancy is quite high, and approaches a severe anxiety score. Anxiety levels decreased immediately after delivery, but there was no further decrease until the late postpartum period.&#x0D; Keywords: early pregnancy, anxiety, postpartum&#x0D; Correspondence: Shifa Nabila Husen, Midwifery Program Study, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Jl. Mayjen Prof.Dr. Moestopo No. 47, Tambaksari, Surabaya 60132, Jawa Timur. Email: shifanaabilaa@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281210299045.

PROFILE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA PATIENTS AT A PULMONARY OUTPATIENT CLINIC OF A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA

Highlights: Budesonide-Formoterol was the most commonly prescribed medication for controlling and relieving symptoms in most individuals with bronchial asthma. Most patients reported good control of their asthma, and most also reported no subjective problems. Abstract Background: Bronchial asthma is a common disease affecting the patient's quality of life and impacting daily life. The incidence of asthma is increasing in many countries around the world, although hospitalization and death rates due to asthma have decreased. Objective: This study aimed to explain the sociodemographic (age, sex, body mass index, smoking status) and clinical (comorbidities, subjective complaints, asthma control status, pharmacological therapy, and pharmaceutical step therapy) characteristics of bronchial asthma patients at the Pulmonary Outpatient Clinic the Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Material and Method: An analytic observational study with retrospective cross-sectional research was conducted from December 2021 to January 2023 using secondary data in medical records with total sampling as the sampling technique. Result: From 70 cases, 35 patients made the three-times visits. The majority of these patients who met the inclusion criteria were female (78.6%), 50 to 59 years old (27.1%), had class 1 obese (38.6%), non-smokers (77.1%), and had no comorbidities (28.6%). On the first, second, and third visits, the patients had no subjective complaints, had well-maintained asthma status control, used controllers and relievers in the form of Budesonide-Formoterol, and did not receive additional therapy. They had step therapy in the category of preferred controllers and relievers, steps 1–2. Conclusion: The majority of bronchial asthma patients at Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, were female, aged 50–59 years, non-smokers, obese class 1, had no subjective complaints, well-controlled asthma, preferred controllers and relievers steps 1–2, using Budesonide-Formoterol as controller and reliever therapy, and did not receive additional therapy.