Universidad Veracruzana Research Articles

Promoción de la lectura en espacios virtuales: el caso del Portal de Lectores y Lecturas de la Universidad Veracruzana

This article presents a case study: that of the Portal of Readers and Readings (www.uv.mx/lectores) from the Universidad Veracruzana, which is shown to promote non-utilitarian reading through the Internet. This portal, as a blog, contains articles, news and other texts related to the promotion of reading, as well as reviews of some books published in the Coleccion Biblioteca del Universitario, a collection of literature established by the writer Sergio Pitol. The design of the portal is analyzed to show how the appropriate content is selected and presented in the most striking way. This article will show that the objective of the portal is for potential readers to visit it and find interesting topics they like. Content was mainly aimed at young people, although not exclusively. The referential framework, background, methodological strategy and some results are shared in this study, as well as suggestions for improvement.

Recopilación de antecedentes de la Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural sobre artes regionales y sus amenazas en Selvas, Grandes Montañas, Totonacapan y Huasteca.

El arte indígena es parte importante de cualquier cultura, se requiere de saberes milenarios y destreza manual para construir o producir obras. Estas pueden ser individuales o colectivas, permanentes o efímeras. El arte indígena se expresa en un sinfín de actividades que manifiesta un acontecimiento importante en relación a todo el año o temporadas del año. Dicho acontecimiento es parte de un conjunto que forma una cultura. En el presente trabajo se pretende seleccionar, clasificar y analizar información de documentos recepcionales de la Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural como metodología de estudio, para determinar qué tipo de arte se presenta en la zona de Selvas, Grandes Montañas, Totonacapan y Huasteca, y de qué manera están siendo afectadas. Los tipos de arte reportado para la zona de Selvas fueron la alfarería, el teatro, el arte textil, materia prima y tintes para el arte textil, fandango, fotografía, música y danza. En la zona de Grandes Montañas municipio de Tequila se registraron música de rock y prehispánica, trabajo artesanal de lana, técnica de telar y fotografía. En el Totonacapan son las danzas relacionadas con la ritualidad y la cosmovisión. Y finalmente en la Huasteca se encontraron reportes de bordados, música de Huapango, banda de viento, alfarería, cestería y cera. Lo anterior nos muestra que algunas actividades se asemejan de una zona a otra, que aún existe diversidad de actividades artísticas, pero lo más notable y alarmante es que las costumbres y tradiciones artísticas están en riesgo por diferentes factores, por lo cual el presente trabajo puede ser la iniciativa para reincentivar el gusto y la práctica de las actividades propias de cada zona.

Molecular detection of Mycoplasma ovis in an outbreak of hemolytic anemia in sheep from Veracruz, Mexico.

Mycoplasma ovis is a small, pleiotropic bacterium, which parasitizes the external surface of erythrocytes of several species of artiodactyl mammals, especially sheep and goats. We here report an outbreak of ovine mycoplasmosis in a sheep flock of a private ranch (Universidad Veracruzana) in Veracruz, Mexico. For the identification of Mycoplasma and other hemoparasitic bacterial agents, we stained blood smears with the DiffQuick® technique and additionally amplified several fragments of 16S rDNA gene. We detected the presence of morulas in erythrocytes from 30 sick female adult sheep, and found Mycoplasma ovis DNA in all of them. Furthermore, three of these animals also tested positive for Anaplasma ovis. Our findings represent the first record of M. ovis and A. ovis in an outbreak of hemolytic anemia in a sheep flock, leading to severe livestock loss in a ranch of Mexico. This study highlights the importance of establishing an active surveillance of both pathogens in the country.

La lectura no utilitaria en la universidad en la era digital. Un análisis multivariante que ubica el texto impreso en la lectura de literatura

En este trabajo se explora la preferencia del texto impreso para la lectura de literatura en una comunidad universitaria. Se hace una caracterización de la lectura y la escritura en la universidad y se presenta una revisión de la importancia de la lectura no utilitaria en este contexto. Se revisa el tema de la apropiación de las TIC en el ámbito universitario, identificando la relevancia de la lectura y la escritura en la era digital. El estudio de caso usa datos de una encuesta aplicada en la Universidad Veracruzana, para lo que se presenta el contexto y los antecedentes. Se hace una descripción de las variables y la estrategia de análisis estadístico. Se analizan los factores que están asociados a la preferencia de formato y se caracterizan las principales asociaciones a partir de pruebas de independencia usando el estadístico Ji-Cuadrado; para las asociaciones multivariantes se corrió un análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Se concluye que la preferencia del texto impreso sigue siendo muy marcada, un poco más entre las mujeres, destacándose el nivel de gusto y el tiempo de dedicación entre los académicos y los funcionarios. No obstante, el concepto de lectura que es más frecuente se relaciona con la lectura utilitaria.

Drogas y rendimiento académico en estudiantes del área de salud de dos universidades latinoamericanas

Introducción: el consumo de drogas en la población juvenil de los paí­ses en desarrollo se ha incrementado durante las últimas décadas; las instituciones educativas y de salud están preocupadas por esta ten­dencia, ya que puede alterar el aprendizaje y la memoria, por lo que afecta particularmente a los estudiantes universitarios.Objetivo: des­cribir y comparar la relación entre consumo de drogas y rendimiento académico en estudiantes del área de Ciencias de la Salud de dos uni­versidades latinoamericanas.Metodología: se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia y se aplicó en línea el cuestionario Consumo de Drogas en Estudiantes Universitarios (CODEU). El aná­lisis de la información se realizó con base en estadísticas descriptivas y se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación biserial puntual y la prueba no paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis, tomando en cuenta el promedio de calificaciones obtenido durante el último periodo cursado.Resul­tados: en la Universidad Veracruzana se encontró que el consumo de alcohol, marihuana, cocaína e inhalables disminuye el rendimiento académico, mientras que en la Universidad de Boyacá solo el consu­mo de tranquilizantes afectó el rendimiento académico.Conclusiones: es importante continuar realizando estudios similares, a fin de obte­ner resultados más precisos y esclarecer la relación entre consumo de drogas y rendimiento académico, por lo que se recomienda incor­porar variables relacionadas con las consecuencias del consumo en indicadores como asistencia, entrega de tareas y calificaciones.

An Exploratory Analysis on Entrepreneurial Culture and Financial Education Between Students of the Veracruzana University, Veracruz Region

Entrepreneurial culture and financial education have become two of the most relevant issues on the international agenda, since they are considered as elements in favor of the efficient use of financial resources, as well as they are important for the identification of opportunities which favor the development of self-employment projects, contributing to local economic growth. Nevertheless, Mexican financial authorities note that there is an environment with gaps and deficiencies in terms of financial education, which is more evident among the rural population and sectors of lower education and socioeconomic level, causing inefficient use of resources and a poor culture of financial management, which undoubtedly compromises the stability of most Mexican families. In addition, this lack of financial education has a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurial projects, generating greater economic and social problems, taking into account that entrepreneurship is a mechanism that contributes to the creation of jobs and encourages economic growth. Based on these premises, this study aims to identify the level of entrepreneurial culture and financial education among Universidad Veracruzana students, through a descriptive and exploratory analysis; results shown a high level of entrepreneurial culture and a medium level of financial education but a weak positive correlation among them.

Profesionalización de promotores de lectura con el aprendizaje basado en proyectos mediado por TIC

We briefly reviewiew ICT-mediated project-based learning (BPA) to motivate the appropriate context and the foundations for the presentation of the curriculum and learning strategies used in the Specialization in Reading Promotion (EPL), a postgraduate program at the Universidad Veracruzana. The use of EMINUS, a virtual institutional learning environment, under a bimodal or blended learning approach is described, highlighting the use of the logbook and the results associated with the design, execution and reporting of reading promotion projects. The results of the first two generations are discussed; Finally, we identify the areas of opportunity for improvement of this training system based on a personalized learning scheme mediated by ICT.

Uso de las Redes Sociales Digitales en el ámbito escolar universitario

El propósito central de este trabajo es aportar elementos de análisis que permitan conocer y comprender las actividades escolares que realizan los jóvenes universitarios a través del uso de las redes sociales digitales. Para ello, se analizaron los datos recabados a través de un cuestionario y la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a un grupo de jóvenes estudiantes de la Universidad Veracruzana, del sistema escolarizado, pertenecientes a diferentes áreas académicas y al campus Xalapa, cuyas edades oscilan entre 18 y 35 años. Los resultados permitieron mostrar ciertas particularidades en cuanto al uso que se les da a las redes en el ámbito escolar, incluyendo el tipo de red social que predomina, los roles en los que están inmersos, los temas, así como las formas de organización e interacción con sus pares y profesores. Se considera que este estudio brinda diversas líneas de trabajo para futuras investigaciones que permitan conocer a los jóvenes estudiantes contemporáneos que transitan por las universidades en la era de la cultura digital, que contribuyan al diseño de actividades académicas que promuevan la reflexión para una mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Este trabajo fue realizado en el marco de la Red Temática Literacidad Digital en la Universidad, reconocida y aprobada por el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

University vinculación: A two-way strategy for sustainable development and academic relevance

The public university of the twenty-first century is faced with numerous pressing issues, but none greater than the need to promote social transformation through sustainable development. The authors of this article understand sustainable development as that which brings us closer to a comprehensive social order in which humanity has the challenge of viewing reality in all its complexity, but acting simply in order to solve the socio-environmental problems we suffer. In this article, we ask the following questions: What is the university’s role within complex social structures? How can it produce a vinculación, or two-way interaction, between university and the wider environment that contributes towards sustainable development? Put most simply, where does the university fit in? This article discusses the project of the Universidad Veracruzana: that is, the establishment of a university-wide vinculación or strategic process for attending to society’s needs and problems, via the deliberate inclusion of formal processes into the university’s substantive functions of teaching, research, outreach and cultural diffusion. Furthermore, these processes include feedback mechanisms that impact on the university’s work.Over many years of engagement, the Universidad Veracruzana has built a very particular vision of the way in which a process can be organized in order to respond to the challenge of social transformation. The subsequent systematization of this experience has led to the development of the University Social Action Model, which is a strategy to clarify the social commitment of the university based on four levels of support: altruism, assistance, advice, and the promotion of self-management for social transformation. This article provides detail on how the model works in practice, as evidenced by the award-winning work of the University Brigades and Casas UV. The ultimate goal of this model is to help shift the role of the university from that of an autocratic leader to a companion for the creation of possibilities for social development. In the end, that is the answer to the question: where does the university fit in?

Learning Experiences in Higher and Further Education- An Innovative Socialentrepreneurship Project in a Public Mexican University

This innovative educational project is the result of the work of a group of academics, who met the challenges of the 21st century, added their specific visions and made contact with transdisciplinarity and the formation of a significant formation in their students of the Educational Administration Program with learning orientated to the transfer, that is to say new fields of application (Campirán et al, 2005); this transit was possible through the metacognition resulting from the synergy found at the Universidad Veracruzana (Mexico) and the HEC University Montreal (Canada) to generate spaces that transcend the classrooms and thus express this vision that would allow to refocus and redirect their educational goals (Campirán et al, 2005). Internationalization of social entrepreneurship is part of an educational bonding project led by the academic group CA-UV-367 “Entrepreneurship, Management and Internalization” from which academics articulate formally the critical and complex exercise for an object-relation of learning of different visions: academic formation (curricular design); accommodation (spiral organization); development of visions based on competencies (Campirán, 1999, in Morado, 1999) and integrative concepts (Campirán et al, 2005). The results obtained from the exercise and the use of the transdisciplinary vision approach greatly enriched the units of competence and the curricular contents of educational experiences: Strategic and economic planning over time promoted and strengthened in students their comprehensive and flexible training in addition to enhancing their resources and academic capabilities by projecting themselves as members of a global community.

Indigenous Youth Graduating from Intercultural Universities: Capability Building Through Intercultural Higher Education in Veracruz, Mexico

ABSTRACTIntercultural higher education in Mexico aims at creating new, culturally and linguistically appropriate, professional career opportunities that empower indigenous youth and their communities. In this paper, empirical results are presented from a research project which ethnographically accompanies graduates from an intercultural university, the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural (UVI), located in four indigenous regions of the South Eastern Mexican Gulf coast. After briefly describing the way this university operates by opening up alternative kinds of knowledge, the features of the new indigenous professionals who graduated from this institution are analysed. In the second half of the article, the graduates’ professional and community development related capacities to link diverse sources of academic and non-academic knowledge are empirically studied; finally their emergent political broker capabilities and community roles are explored.

Ordenamientos jurídicos y políticas sobre discapacidad en la Universidad Veracruzana: rupturas, desencuentros y omisiones

This text is part of an investigation that seeks to analyze how the Universidad Veracruzana (UV), Mexico, has been reconfigured in terms of institutional policies to respond to disability. The particular aim is to analyze some disability policies that have been established from international sources and how they have permeated the local environment. Educational policy for inclusion of students with disabilities in higher education as well as several policy documents both international and national, in addition to the University's own, are analyzed as well. The resulting outcome is that disability policies recently have little changed the ways in which the university attends this student population, because due to their null mandatory characteristics, basically left to free choice, it has not been allowed the full inclusion of students with disabilities.

Las instituciones de educación superior y los estudiantes con discapacidad en México

The following work is based on research regarding the inclusion of students with disabilities at the Universidad Veracruzana. The paper proposes a classification of higher education institutions based on their degree of attention and response to the issue of disabilities on campus. We focus on four issues: disability models, the characteristics of special education in response to disabilities, the higher education institutions’ characteristics and their relationship with the issue, and finally, their classification according to their approach toward students with disabilities. We construct 3 models of higher education institutions: visibility/invisibility, normality/abnormality, and inclusion/selective inclusion.

Nuevos escenarios, nuevas propuestas, otras actoras: licenciadas indígenas y la Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural

This article discusses the emergence of new actors among graduate students in Mexico, specifically of indigenous graduate women, who are one of the results of an educational model that intends to question the prevailing developmental logic. It describes and analyzes the role of intercultural higher education policies as catalyst for an emerging professional profile that is having important impacts in building new family, community and regional relations. Through the discussion of these policies, their origins, limits and possibilities, this paper focuses on the specific proposal of the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural (UVI). It also examines the life experiences of five UVI female graduates, and concentrates in one case in which her trajectory is compared to the life experiences of her own mother, grandmother and great-grandmother. Through these cases, the paper seeks to identify the ways in which the UVI contributes to the constitution of these new female actors.

Las potencialidades del proyecto educativo de la Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural: una crítica al desarrollo desde la noción del Buen vivir

This article aims to demonstrate the potential of the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural educational project. We begin by presenting a theoretical and political critique of development, a concept which has its origins in the logic of economic growth characteristic of the postwar capitalist phase. We then employ this historical and conceptual frame to demonstrate the close relationship between economic growth and formal education, which has its roots in the origins of development as a paradigmatic and political concept. Viewed through the critique of the developmentalist vision of education, we present an alternative theoretical-political frame to aid understanding and analysis of educational projects. Finally, based on this conceptual frame and the analysis of life stories, we discuss the potential contributions of the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural, in terms of its contribution to a society conceived from the ideal of a good life, conceptualized here as Buen vivir.

Evaluación de variedades de Cucumis sativus L. a campo abierto en Tuxpan, Veracruz

El pepino (Cucumis Sativus L.) es una hortaliza de alto potencial económico. En México se tiene registrado áreas de cultivo de esta especie en prácticamente todo el territorio nacional. Dada la importancia en la actualidad, se realizan cada vez más estudios referentes a la evaluación de las variedades para hacer constar su adaptabilidad a climas y comprobar rendimientos, tolerancias a plagas y enfermedades. El objetivo del experimento fué evaluar diferentes variedades de pepino al norte del estado de Veracruz. El estudio se realizó en la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias de la Universidad Veracruzana, Campus Poza Rica-Tuxpan. Los tratamientos utilizados fueron Esparón, Macario, 22-960, Alcázar, Primavera y Paraíso. El diseño utilizado fue bloques al azar con 4 repeticiones. Utilizando como variables de respuesta diámetro del tallo, longitud de la planta, hojas, floración, producción y rendimiento. Con un diámetro de 1.08cm y una longitud de 381.6cm destaca el tratamiento 22-960. Con una media en la floración de 23.5, el tratamiento Esparón fue el mejor. Para la media de hojas con 36.0, el tratamiento 22-960. Y liderando con una producción de 17.31 toneladas y un rendimiento de 141.31 cajas de producto súper selecto, el tratamiento 22-960. Por lo anterior concluimos que el tratamiento 22-960 obtuvo una mayor adaptabilidad para la zona al norte del estado de Veracruz.

Deconstructing Racist Processes of Social Discrimination Through Education

Abstract: Abstract: This article describes a participatory process of research and education with an ethnographic approach. The research was conducted with undergraduate students of various educational areas, from diverse ethnic and geographical origins, sexual orientations and socioeconomic levels, in the main campus of Universidad Veracruzana, a Mexican public university. Based on the concepts of social imaginary, identity and social discrimination, this article analyzes the symbolic framework that justifies inequalities within the nation, and how it operates. Through an educational program that interweaves popular education, with critical approaches to intercultural education and media education, students analyze representations of “indigenous”, “white people”, “black” and “Mexican” subjects, contrasting their differences and making inequities visible. Data collection was conducted through focus groups, in-depth interviews, participant observation and life stories, to analyze how the students’ imaginary structures their identity construction processes. Key words: social imaginary, identity, racism, intercultural education, media education.

Plan de manejo para el manglar de Sontecomapan, Catemaco, Veracruz, México: una estrategia para la conservación de sus recursos naturales

El manglar de Sontecomapan, ubicado en la Reserva de Biosfera Los Tuxtlas, al sur del estado Veracruz, forma parte del patrimonio natural de México y del mundo. Actualmente, se encuentra inscrito en la Lista Ramsar con el número 1342. Su importancia se reconoce en términos biológicos, culturales y económicos. Su valor biológico está fundamentado en el papel que este ecosistema representa para numerosas especies animales y vegetales, al funcionar como hábitat, refugio y zona de anidación y desove. Una característica distintiva de este manglar son las dimensiones estructurales que presentan sus especies arbóreas así como la presencia de otras plantas asociadas a este ecosistema, principalmente epífitas y orquídeas, muchas de ellas amenazadas con la extinción. Actualmente, su valor cultural está subestimado, aunque la zona del manglar de Sontecomapan tuvo relevancia desde la época prehispánica con la cultura Olmeca. A nivel económico, este manglar es fuente de alimentación e ingresos para numerosas familias. Sin embargo, presenta algunos problemas que pueden poner en riesgo su conservación, como son la tala inmoderada, el azolve, la caza furtiva y el saqueo de especies, entre otros. Este manglar constituye un área natural protegida a cargo de la Universidad Veracruzana, por lo cual, se plantea como estrategia inicial, la formulación de un Plan de manejo que intente cumplir con los objetivos de investigación, educación y conservación de este ecosistema.

Local resignifications of transnational discourses in intercultural higher education: The case of the Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural in Mexico

Our main objective is to analyze the different ways in which people involved in the Mexican intercultural education subsystem conceive interculturality. This subsystem is still emerging and we refer to the specific case of Veracruz. We point out the discursive elements implied in the construction of definitions as well as the linguistic screens generated by actors and institutions. How are significations, translations and adaptations in intercultural education models changed when passing from a European “migrant” context to a Mexican indigenous one? Through an ethnography of intercultural discourses, we analyze the way in which Universidad Veracruzana Intercultural teachers of its campus Selvas produce alternative discourses, which are critical toward exogenous interculturality and focused on empowering local subaltern subjects.

Valoraciones de los estudiantes de la Universidad Veracruzana sobre la Trilogía Qatsi

This paper reports the outcomes of a case study about social representations of university students of an artistic work: Qatsi Trilogy produced by Godfrey Reggio and music by Phillip Glass. This research is part of an international comparative project coordinated by Denise Jodelet and Beatrice Madiot, about perceptions and aesthetic appreciations from perspectives and sensations of university students of different countries. In this paper, are presented the statistical results of an opinion survey answered by 72 degree students at Universidad Veracruzana’s arts faculty pointing out their sensations, artistic, aesthetics and personal appreciations about the trilogy.