Universal Perspective Research Articles

Universal scaling hypothesis of quantum spatial search in complex networks

Since quantum spatial searches on networks have a strong network dependence, the question arises whether the universal perspective exists in this quantum algorithm for various networks. Here, we propose a universal scaling hypothesis of the quantum spatial search on complex networks such as small-world and scale-free networks. The average path length, a key quantity in the complex network science, is useful to expose this universal feature, where the collapse plot can be generated for the optimal time, the maximal finding probability, and the optimal hopping parameter. Based on the path integral method, we also clarify that the probability amplitude in the continuous-time quantum walk can be determined by the path length distribution. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Within the Hypha: The Deconstruction of the Anthropocentric Perspective in László Sepsi’s Novel Fruiting Bodies

In my study, I interpret one of the most outstanding stories of Hungarian fiction, László Sepsi’s weird, body- and biohorror novel, Fruiting Bodies [Termőtestek]. The narrative depicts the rivalry between gangster families who fight for the hallucinogenic mushrooms, an important commodity in their town Höksring. As the novel progresses, the rivalry of the crime families fades into the background against the disease spread by the mushrooms, and thus the story presents the beginning of an eco-dystopia and apocalypse. As the title suggests, one of the central motifs of the text is the mushroom, which is both a drug (essentially food) and the basis of the city and houses (living space). In this paper, I will show how the metaphors and similes in the narrative, through the compared things, represent the blurred boundaries between the human body, nature, disease, food and the city, which are central to the novel’s narrative. In my view, the narrative and the parts of the story that focus on the relationship between humans and environment/nature are themed around the breakdown of binary oppositions. The boundaries between culturally distinct categories, the Great Divide (to use Bruno Latour’s term), are dissolved, and the ecological viewpoint, the circulation of matter and reciprocity predominate. I will show that Fruiting Bodies dismantles hierarchies at the narrative level of both the action and the storytelling, offering a more universal perspective rather than a purely anthropocentric one, by situating humanity in the relationships of natural cycles. I will build on the main terms of plant studies (such as plant blindness and plant will), and through the concepts of phytosemiology, Object-Oriented Ontology, flat ontology, hyperobject and dark ecology, I will show how the fungus as metaphor and motif organizes the narrative, and thus offers a posthuman perspective instead of an anthropocentric one.

The Etiological and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles of the Bacteria Obtained from Ovine Caseous Lymphadenitis Cases in the Çankırı Region, Türkiye.

Sheep caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) causes significant economic losses in the livestock sector by causing a loss in the quantity and quality of animal products and a loss in the breeding value of animals. Although the primary agent in CLA's etiology is Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, some other opportunistic microorganisms also play a role. Therefore, the control and treatment of CLA necessitates the identification of the relevant etiological agents. This study aimed to conduct an in vitro culture and molecular characterization (PCR analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing) of the bacteria involved in sheep CLA cases reported in the Çankırı province of Türkiye and determine the antibiotic susceptibility of the case isolates. In total, 82 (16.4%) of 500 sheep in five farms were diagnosed with CLA. Following the culture of the superficial abscesses samples, C. pseudotuberculosis was identified in 30 (36.59%) as a result of PCR, Pseudomonas spp. in 8 (9.76%), and Enterobacter cancerogenus in 1 (1.22%), as a result of 16S rRNA sequencing. These data revealed extensive heterogeneity among the Pseudomonas isolates, with hints of derivation from a common ancestry for some and phylogenetic similarity to isolates from Germany, Malaysia, and India. In contrast to the high susceptibility to cefoperazone and lincomycin, the high resistances of C. pseudotuberculosis and Pseudomonas spp. isolates to cephalothin, ceftiofur, cloxacillin, amoxicillin, and bacitracin were remarkable. Based on these findings, it was concluded that for an effective treatment and control of ovine CLA cases, there is a need to consider the possible involvement of opportunistic bacteria other than the primary causative agent, C. pseudotuberculosis. It also contributed to increasing the country-specific sequence data and establishing new taxa from a universal perspective.

Neurophenomenology and Neuroepistemology Approaches to Integrating Constructivist, Perennialist, and Universalist Perspectives on Mystical Experiences

Differences among constructivist, perennialist, and universalist perspectives on mystical experiences are bridged with neurophenomenology and neuroepistemology perspectives that illustrate constructivist and deconditioning processes and universal innate experiences. These approaches show that phenomenal similarities and differences in the features of meditative experiences are related to specific brain functions and processes. This illustrates that recurrent forms of mystical consciousness involve the activation or suspension of specific brain functions and their forms of knowing. Meditators’ deliberate modifications of brain processes engage constructivist and deconditioning processes that provide access to intrinsic states understood as mystical experiences. Deconditioning of habitual cognitive processes through meditation changes habitual attention and cognition, permitting access to preconceptual awareness and normally unconscious intrinsic mental processes. Different mystical experiences involve changes in specific neurologically mediated forms of self that provide the basis for universal forms of mystical experience. Neuroepistemological perspectives on qualia of meditative states and their relations to mental processes and brain features provide a framework for understanding recurrent forms of mystical experiences as natural brain states.

Simultaneously Strengthening and Toughening All‐Natural Structural Materials via 3D Nanofiber Network Interfacial Design

AbstractConstructing structural materials from sustainable raw materials is considered an efficient way to reduce the potential threat posed by plastics. Nevertheless, challenges remain regarding combining excellent mechanical and thermal properties, especially the balance of strength and toughness. Here, we report a 3D nanofiber network interfacial design strategy to strengthen and toughen all‐natural structural materials simultaneously. The introduced protonated chitosan at the interface between the surface oxidized 3D nanonetwork of bacterial cellulose forms the interfacial interlocking structure of nanonetworks, achieving a robust physical connection and providing enough physical contact sites for chemical crosslinking. The obtained sustainable structural material successfully integrates excellent mechanical and thermal properties on the nanoscale of cellulose nanofibers, such as light weight, high strength, and superior thermal expansion coefficient. The relationship between structural design and comprehensive mechanical property improvement is analyzed in detail, providing a universal perspective to design sustainable high‐performance structural materials from nanoscale building blocks.

Simultaneously Strengthening and Toughening All-Natural Structural Materials via 3D Nanofiber Network Interfacial Design.

Constructing structural materials from sustainable raw materials is considered an efficient way to reduce the potential threat posed by plastics. Nevertheless, challenges remain regarding combining excellent mechanical and thermal properties, especially the balance of strength and toughness. Here, we report a 3D nanofiber network interfacial design strategy to strengthen and toughen all-natural structural materials simultaneously. The introduced protonated chitosan at the interface between the surface oxidized 3D nanonetwork of bacterial cellulose forms the interfacial interlocking structure of nanonetworks, achieving a robust physical connection and providing enough physical contact sites for chemical crosslinking. The obtained sustainable structural material successfully integrates excellent mechanical and thermal properties on the nanoscale of cellulose nanofibers, such as light weight, high strength, and superior thermal expansion coefficient. The relationship between structural design and comprehensive mechanical property improvement is analyzed in detail, providing a universal perspective to design sustainable high-performance structural materials from nanoscale building blocks.

Charles Darwin, Percy Grainger, and John Blacking: Reflections on the Historical Emergence of Music as a Human Universal

Music from every culture throughout history is now available at the click of a mouse. Prior to the development of recording, the unfamiliar largely separated musical cultures. This paper sets out a narrative to illustrate the framework through which a universalist approach to music emerged over the period 1871–1970, derived from placing in relation to one another accounts of the influence of three historical figures. The first is Darwin, whose theories of evolution embraced speculation on the origin and purpose of music, and who himself wrote about the effect on him of encountering unfamiliar musical styles in the Southern Hemisphere. The second is Grainger, influenced by Darwin’s work and persuasively concerned to open musical contact between all cultures. The third is Blacking, a pioneer in ethnomusicology and commentator on Grainger’s ideas. Tracing the links between these authors inevitably represents an English-language historical perspective on the issues of colonization, cultural appropriation, and the educational influence of a dominant culture. In offering such a historical account of fluctuating experience of ‘the other’ in music, the aim is to illustrate these authors’ contribution towards convergence on an open, informed position consistent with viewing musical exchange from a universalist perspective.

Need-support facilitates well-being across cultural, economic, and political contexts: A self-determination theory perspective

BackgroundSelf-determination theory (SDT) posits that teachers who engage in need-supportive teaching through satisfying students’ basic needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness facilitate optimal well-being. However, there are debates about the purported applicability and relevance of need-supportive teaching across cultural, economic, and political contexts. AimsThis study examined whether need-supportive teaching was associated with students’ subjective, eudaimonic, and cognitive well-being. These relationships were tested across different macro-contexts, including cultural, economic, and political systems. SampleWe drew on data from 535,512 students across 70 countries. These students came from diverse cultural groups (Western Europe, Eastern-Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Latin America, English-speaking, Confucian, Southeast Asia, and Africa and the Middle East), economic systems (high, upper-middle, and lower-middle-income), and political climates (full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid, and authoritarian regimes). MethodsConfirmatory factor analyses, structural equation modelling, and multi-group invariance tests were conducted. ResultsBy and large, need-supportive teaching was associated with better well-being across cultural, economic, and political contexts. However, the magnitude of associations was somewhat different across macro-contexts. Minor deviations from the general pattern were also found in a few cultural groups. ConclusionsAcross the globe, students who perceived their teachers to engage in need-supportive teaching were also more likely to experience better well-being. The results supported the universalist perspective, which recognizes the existence of broad universal patterns alongside contextual differences.

The phospholipid chromatographic fingerprint: An analytical cutting-edge strategy in the distinguished characterization of olive oil

In this study, two basics are addressed to achieve the characterization of edible vegetable oils from a universal perspective. Firstly, the use of a very specific chemical fraction scarcely studied, such as the phospholipids, is proposed to tackle vegetable oil characterization. For this, a new analytical method for phospholipid fraction is developed, which is based on reverse phase liquid chromatography coupled to universal detector such as charged aerosol detector (LC-CAD). In addition, a additional method using LC-(Q-Orbitrap)MS has been developed for the chemical identification of the compounds present in the phospholipid fraction. Secondly, it is proved that the instrument-agnostizing methodology is suitable to obtain a unique and time-consistent chromatographic fingerprint for each vegetable oil, which is independent of the instrument used. This could lead for the setting up of universal databases and the development of a single global multivariate model enabling edible vegetable oils discrimination by any laboratory at any time. This ultimately leads to resource and time reduction, generating lower analysis costs. The main results have been to be able to unequivocally characterise the different edible vegetable oils under study using data mining/machine learning methods such as partial least squares-discriminant analysis, support vector machine and classification a regression trees. In addition, more than 60 chemical compounds have been characterised in samples of olive oil of different categories and other edible vegetable oils respectively. This resulted in the proposal of tentative chemical markers which could be used to identify a particular edible vegetable oil.

Multikulturalisme dan Kebijakan Publik: Rekognisi dan Perlindungan Hak Asasi Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Universalisme Interaktif Seyla Benhabib

This article discusses the issue of recognition and protection of community rights in Indonesia in the light of Seyla Benhabib's interactive universalism. The research aims to analyse the challenges and opportunities in pursuing recognition and protection of indigenous peoples within the framework of interactive universalism, by emphasising cultural diversity and the importance of the local context. Interactive universalism concerns about the importance of dialogue, public participation, and the adaptation of democratic principles in preserving indigenous peoples' rights. Here interactive universalism is used to review the state of indigenous peoples' rights in Indonesia. Various public policies have caused conflicts, ranging from land take over to human rights violation, that are detrimental to the existence of indigenous peoples. Public policy as a representation of the state should protect their rights. In this article public policies are reviewed from the perspective of interactive universalism. The review process will consider cultural diversity in order to prevent future problems and to recommend adequate and assured protection of the rights of indigenous peoples. This research is a qualitative research using a philosophical approach and literature review to analyse actual problems.

Electronic paddle-wheels in a solid-state electrolyte

Solid-state superionic conductors (SSICs) are promising alternatives to liquid electrolytes in batteries and other energy storage technologies. The rational design of SSICs and ultimately their deployment in battery technologies is hindered by the lack of a thorough understanding of their ion conduction mechanisms. In SSICs containing molecular ions, rotational dynamics couple with translational diffusion to create a paddle-wheel effect that facilitates conduction. The paddle-wheel mechanism explains many important features of molecular SSICs, but an explanation for ion conduction and anharmonic lattice dynamics in SSICs composed of monatomic ions is still needed. We predict that ion conduction in the classic SSIC AgI involves electronic paddle-wheels, rotational motion of localized electron pairs that couples to and facilitates ion diffusion. The electronic paddle-wheel mechanism creates a universal perspective for understanding ion conductivity in both monatomic and molecular SSICs that will create design principles for engineering solid-state electrolytes from the electronic level up to the macroscale.

Research on electrical automation devices under embedded real-time operating system design

Abstract As the scale of the electrical system becomes more and more large and the structure becomes more and more complex, the performance of the electrical automation device is therefore required to be higher. This paper studies the electrical system automation device, and from the perspective of universality, designs and establishes the hardware platform of the electrical system automation device composed of six plug-ins, such as human-machine interface, auxiliary switch input, AC input, communication, power supply, and central processor. On this basis, μC/OS-II is adopted as the embedded real-time operating system of this paper to develop and design the software of the electrical system automation device. Then, the principle of the protection device for embedded system electrical automation is analyzed, and a microcomputer line protection device based on the full-circle Fuchs algorithm is proposed. The empirical analysis of the embedded system electrical automation device shows that the maximum system task response time is 145 μs and the minimum is 10 μs, which are all no more than 1 ms. When testing including the single board state, the keyboard, the alphabetical mode, the basic function, and the single board line module sending and receiving, the pass rate of all the testing items is more than 99%, which verifies that this paper is based on the embedded real-time operating system of the feasibility and effectiveness of the electrical automation device.

Questioni teoriche e prospettive di ricerca in pedagogia speciale: accomodamento, accessibilità, fruibilità, desiderio, autonomia e orientamento

It seems appropriate to link the term accessibility back to the right of all people to access the opportunities promoted in/by contexts that should arise from universal perspectives, the only ones capable of predisposing accessibility by overcoming separations and categorizations. The intersection of relevant concepts – accomodation, accessibility, usability, desire, autonomy and orientation – can give direction and meaning to research in school contexts by aiming to investigate practices and by generating a reflection aimed at understanding the change that those same practices promote on everyone’s learning.

Synergetic anion-cation co-doping in Na0.44MnO2 boosting a high-stability and improved-kinetics cathode for sodium ion battery

Tunnel-type manganese-based oxide cathodes of sodium-ion batteries have attracted enormous attentions due to their advantages of low cost, good endurance to the ambient air and superior cycling stability. However, they still suffer from successive phase transitions and sluggish kinetics, which hampers their further practical applications. Herein, we introduce Cu2+ and F− into the typical tunnel material Na0.44MnO2 to improve the abovementioned shortages for the first time. As a result, the ultra-stable cycling performance (capacity retentions of 98.9% after 150 cycles at 120 mA/g and 98.0% after 200 cycles at 360 mA/g) and enhanced Na+ diffusion rate can be achieved thanks to the synergistic effect of anion-cation co-doping. More importantly, with the aid of experiments and theoretical calculations, we unequivocally shed light on the role of Cu2+ and F−, respectively. Besides, the underlying practical value of the optimal case is assessed in the full cell. This work provides a universal perspective for designing oxide cathodes with respectable performance, and paves a new way to promote the practical applications of SIBs.

Elements of the Functioning of the Universal vs. Relative Concept Antinomy in Translation

Recent research in the field of translation studies frequently frames issues related to the choice of translation strategies determined by several factors of an objective and subjective nature. Among the subjective factors of particular importance is the cognitive one, i.e., cultural, encyclopedic, and linguistic personality of the translator, since it is the translator who ensures the quality of intercultural communication and the degree of pragmatic, semantic and communicative transfer of the message from the original into the translation. At the heart of the researched topic is an attempt to examine, in a concrete pragmatic context, an antinomy that influences the choice of the translation strategy. This is the binomial constituted by the concepts of universal vs. relative and how they motivate the choice of the translation algorithm, especially of a literary text. The theoretical framework of the problem addressed is represented by the views Professor Eugeniu Coșeriu has about language, and about particular languages in a re-evaluation adapted to the translation process. A special value in this process is given to the primary universals of creativity, semanticity, otherness as well as to the secondary universals - historicity and materiality which are seen in the light of literary translation of languages belonging to different language families - Romance, Germanic, Slavic. In conclusion, we try to argue that there is no need, but it is rather beneficial to avoid categorical separation of conceptual and translation approaches, either from the perspective of universalism or relativism. The choice of translation strategy is always flexible, it is adapted to the concrete translation situation, to the national culture and to the rules and norms of functionality of concrete languages.

Human Resource Development in Health Informatics: Cultivating a Competent Workforce for Advancing Healthcare Technology

In the sphere of healthcare, health informatics is playing a transformative role by leveraging technology to optimize care delivery. The prowess of professionals in this domain holds utmost significance for advancement and efficiency within our healthcare system. This thought-provoking qualitative study delves into Human Resource Development (HRD) strategies specifically for individuals working within health informatics, aiming to foster a skilled workforce poised to drive progress in medical technologies. A meticulous review was conducted on related studies along with successful case examples, which essentially traced crucial developments and patterns unfolding in HRD practices across the field's spectrum. A myriad array of HRcentric methodologies were uncovered that revolve around forging interdisciplinary collaborations among employees while putting patients' needs at focus during training programs – revealing an urgent need for adaptive skills accordant with incessantly evolving technology trends. Contrariwise significant obstacles remain stifling sustained competency building over longer timelines. Accordingly it becomes mission-critical importance now more than ever before; concerted efforts towards curating custom-made multidisciplinary course offerings akin aligned environments fostering lifelong learning attitudes must be established - coupled alongside setting up statutory frameworks safeguarding such developmental endeavours accompanied by necessary funding incentives aimed explicitly towards nurturing patient-focused training modules abetting tech-geared educational solutions ultimately paving way ahead{New Chapter}. The implications arising from these insightful measures extend beyond providing comprehensive blueprints targeted primarily benefiting not solely hospital systems but also policy-shapers educators together intending make real-time positive impacts most importantly practitioners always progressing efficiently navigating through constantly morphing technological topographies operative presently encompassed under varied ambit existing healthcare spectra {new para chapter section}. Final summary consider single out ability promote upliftment standard clinical outcomes proving substantially when paying heed wisely constructed carefully chosen advised strategic advise pointers presented as part research findings detailing studious work done extensive topic concerning manifold facets trajectory development human resources particularly matter specific areas hand area interest explored here global point view universal perspective

GNN-based Advanced Feature Integration for ICS Anomaly Detection

Recent adversaries targeting the Industrial Control Systems (ICSs) have started exploiting their sophisticated inherent contextual semantics such as the data associativity among heterogeneous field devices. In light of the subtlety rendered in these semantics, anomalies triggered by such interactions tend to be extremely covert, hence giving rise to extensive challenges in their detection. Driven by the critical demands of securing ICS processes, a Graph-Neural-Network (GNN) based method is presented to tackle these subtle hostilities by leveraging an ICS’s advanced contextual features refined from a universal perspective, rather than exclusively following GNN’s conventional local aggregation paradigm. Specifically, we design and implement the Graph Sample-and-Integrate Network (GSIN), a general chained framework performing node-level anomaly detection via advanced feature integration, which combines a node’s local awareness with the graph’s prominent global properties extracted via process-oriented pooling. The proposed GSIN is evaluated on multiple well-known datasets with different kinds of integration configurations, and results demonstrate its superiority consistently on not only anomaly detection performance (e.g., F1 score and AUPRC) but also runtime efficiency over recent representative baselines.

The Existential Dimension of the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights

This article explores the evolution of values and meanings of basic concepts of humanism in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. The author analyses such fundamental philosophical notions as the nature and existence of man, human rights, freedom, will, and justice. Comparative analysis of the two most important documents in this field, namely the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights, shows a conceptual shift in the aforementioned topic. One of the main reasons for such a shift is the introduction in the Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Human Rights of the notion of ‘existence’ as being necessary for the description of human abilities. Also worthy of attention is the approach to justice described by means of awareness. Such notions are absent in the Preamble of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, suggesting that a new understanding of the phenomenon of man has emerged in the past half-century, thus distinguishing one document from another. The article also analyzes the controversy between J.-P. Sartre and M. Heidegger which played a key role in rethinking humanism as a philosophical concept and value system. Sartre reasonably rejects the identification of existentialism as a pessimistic worldview, arguing that the doctrine of human subjectivity is humanistic in nature. In turn Heidegger highlights the ontological nature of all historical types of humanism, showing their dependence on the metaphysical context. The article discusses the notion of maintaining the universalist perspective, in order to better understand the idea of human rights in a new interpretation through the prism of the philosophy of existence. The conclusion drawn outlines the relevance of an in-depth philosophical interpretation of the basic concepts of bioethics and law.

Migration, Marriage Rituals and Contemporary Cosmopolitanism in Urban Zambia

ABSTRACT Different types of rituals to contract marriage have developed in urban Zambia that combine customary girl’s initiation and marriage rituals with novel forms of ritual performances. The participants bring into being in symbolic forms different ‘tribes’ and traditions, which they compare, contrast, and connect. They construe a virtual reality of multiplicity of traditions; categories for interaction on which actual relations may be formed. These ritual practices are analysed within perspectives on cosmopolitanism as processes of meaning-making and is an attempt to connect pluralist perspectives on cosmopolitanism as relations between diverse cultures with universalist perspectives that search for forms of interaction between humans that do not entail prior classifications such as tribe, nation, or class.

Fransa Ortaokul Tarih-Coğrafya Öğretim Programlarının İncelenmesi

French and Turkish societies have been in intense interaction in every field since the Ottoman Empire period. For this reason, it is important for the future of both countries that the republics of Turkey and France follow and interact with each other in the field of education as in every field. Because France has had important effects on the shaping of the Turkish education system. In this context, the developments in the field of education in France should be closely followed. In addition, the developments in France after the French Revolution of 1789 have influenced all societies on issues such as human rights and democracy and helped the concept of citizen to have its current meaning. For this reason, it is important to examine the current situation of disciplines such as Social Studies, which are directly related to human and social life, in France. However, when the relevant national literature was analyzed, it was found that there are very few studies on this subject. This situation was seen as an important gap in the national literature and it was thought that a study on the History-Geography course, which is taught in France as an equivalent of the Social Studies course, would make an important contribution to the literature. With this in mind, it was aimed to examine the History-Geography Course Curriculum being implemented in secondary schools in France. The research is a qualitative study and document analysis method was used. Descriptive analysis method was preferred in analyzing the data. As a result of the research, it was seen that the curriculum being taught in secondary schools in France consists of three parts as skills, content, learning and teaching process, the content is arranged in the form of themes and subjects, themes and subjects are arranged separately according to grade levels, and there are no target achievements in the curriculum. It has been concluded that the themes and topics related to history in the curriculum are mostly oriented towards France and European societies, considering the multicultural and cosmopolitan structure of France, the curriculum is not multicultural enough for the minority groups in France, and the geography topics are created with a more universal perspective for different regions of the world compared to history topics. In addition, it has been determined that there is no section on evaluation in the curriculum, but it is recommended to use process-oriented evaluations based on performance as well as exams in the learning-teaching process.