Unit Income Research Articles

Work related Stress of Garment Workers in Bangladesh

The export-oriented Garment sector has made crucial contribution to the transformation of the Bangladesh economy. The number of garment industry is now about 5560 and provides employment to as many as 5.0 million workers. Job stress is one of the common problems that employees confront with increasing frequency. Recently job stress is becoming an epidemic in the work environment. This cross sectional study was carried out on a sample of 418 garment workers selected by non-probability sampling technique from two garment factories. The study was done from 1st July 2021 to 30th June 2022 with an objective to assess the level of job stress and related factors in garment workers. Job stress was estimated by using Occupational stress index (OSI) questionnaire; while socio-demographic, behavioral and work related information were obtained using semi structured questionnaire. Among 418 respondents, 71% were female and 21% were male, their mean age was 29.35±6.185 & they were mostly married (72%). 45.2% had no formal education The mean family income and individual income were Tk.13181.07±4826.598 & Tk.6812.10±1029.504 respectively. Among the respondents, 64.4% belong to cutting/sewing section, 79.2% of them were employed for 1 to 5 years & mean duration of employment was 3.78±3.083 years. Among respondents, 69.9% had moderate stress followed by 17% having low stress and 13.2 % with high stress. Among 12 subscale the mean scores of under participation (mean score = 4.33) and responsibility for person (mean score =4.22) was higher. It was found that monthly income and compulsory work over time produce odds ratio 0.401, 11.963 respectively. This indicates every additional unit of monthly income, respondents were 0.401 times less likely to develop job stress (OR=.401) and every additional unit of compulsory overtime, respondents were 11.963 times more likely to develop job stress (OR=11.963). There was a significant association of job stress and gender, smoking habit, monthly income and work overtime. Measures to be taken to alleviate these stressors which can promote the worker in greater contribution in their profession. J. of Sci. and Tech. Res. 5(1): 163-168, 2023

Right to attention to sexuality for people with mental disorders: bridges between health and social services

IntroductionThe expression of sexuality in the adult with mental disorders depends on the early incorporation of factors for promoting social inclusion. It is fundamental that sexual educators and advisors, in addition to working with the clients, also work with close family members. Intervention programs should establish objectives for developing a positive attitude towards sexuality in people with mental disorders and improving self-esteem (Katz G,Salud Publica Mex. 2008;50 Suppl 2:s239-54).ChallengeAchieving support for people with mental health problems and/or substance use disorder admitted to the Social Rehabilitation Process of a psychiatric hospital so that they develop their sexuality satisfactorily. The right to privacy must be taken into account.ObjectivesPromoting a healthy and satisfactory development of sexuality in people with severe mental disorders. Raising awareness among healthcare teams, families and legal representatives regarding the need and suitability for support. Introducing the concept of sexuality as a dignifying perspective. Promoting sexual education that avoids disadvantages and situations of abuse in the target group. Coordinating the continuity of the project with non-health social services after discharge.HypothesisPossibility of receiving support in the development of sexuality through training, information and improvement in the management of emotions/feelings in people who express the need or willingness to receive it, will contribute to overcoming limitations or difficulties.MethodsDetecting people who during 2021 wish to work on the objectives through the care team. Searching for community resources aimed at attending sexuality issues in people with mental health problems. Proposing the hospital a collaboration with a non-profit entity that develops a specialized program for attention to sexuality in disability. Coordination between Treatment team and Entity. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of one year of experience according to the parameters of the entity.Results2022People includedPercentage of people admittedto the Income Unit (65)Detection concern sex-affectivity 57,69%Verbalized concern34,61%Referral to the entity program23,07%ConclusionsAll patients included have a diagnosis of psychosis. Experience was very positive for the participants. Community intervention projects that lead to an education in healthy and respectful relationships in the field of sexuality and affectivity are necessary. This would allow to prevent behaviours and situations at risk of abuse as well as social and emotional instability.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Effects of education, income and employment on ICU and post-ICU survival - A nationwide Swedish cohort study of individual-level data with 1-year follow up

PurposeThe aim of this study was to examine relationships between education, income, and employment (socioeconomic status, SES) and intensive care unit (ICU) survival and survival 1 year after discharge from ICU (Post-ICU survival). MethodsIndividual data from ICU patients were linked to register data of education level, disposable income, employment status, civil status, foreign background, comorbidities, and vital status. Associations between SES, ICU survival and 1-year post-ICU survival was analysed using Cox's regression. ResultsWe included 58,279 adults (59% men, median length of stay in ICU 4.0 days, median SAPS3 score 61). Survival rates at discharge from ICU and one year after discharge were 88% and 63%, respectively. Risk of ICU death (Hazard ratios, HR) was significantly higher in unemployed and retired compared to patients who worked prior to admission (1.20; 95% CI: 1.10–1.30 and 1.15; (1.07–1.24), respectively. There was no consistent association between education, income and ICU death. Risk of post-ICU death decreased with greater income and was roughly 16% lower in the highest compared to lowest income quintile (HR 0.84; 0.79–0.88). Higher education levels appeared to be associated with reduced risk of death during the first year after ICU discharge. ConclusionsSignificant relationships between low SES in the critically ill and increased risk of death indicate that it is important to identify and support patients with low SES to improve survival after intensive care. Studies of survival after critical illness need to account for participants SES.

Examining the carbon emission impact of livelihood transitions in pro‐poor tourism

AbstractThis study examines carbon dioxide (CO2) emission changes from livelihood transitions during tourism development to assess the environmental impact of pro‐poor tourism (PPT) in China. The results indicate that livelihood transitions during PPT increased household income but also produced more CO2 emissions. CO2 emissions vary depending on factors including livelihood types after transition, income and household sizes, etc. The CO2 per unit of income from tourism‐based livelihoods is higher than from non‐tourism‐based livelihoods. Different livelihood strategies post transition also affect emissions. Practical suggestions that may mitigate emissions while not compromising residents’ income levels are provided.

The contribution of strong and weak ties to resilience: The case of small-scale maize farming systems in Mexico

CONTEXTThe relevance of social interactions (social ties) to farming systems' resilience is widely recognized. However, controversies exist around the contribution that farmers interacting with external actors (weak/bridging ties) versus with other farmers (strong/bonding ties) have in their resilience strategies through innovation. Farmers use different strategies to respond to their farming systems and contexts' particularities. Comparing the contribution of both strong and weak ties in different farming systems brings variety in resilience strategies. OBJECTIVETo generate evidence of the complementary contribution of social ties to resilience by comparing indexes associated with strong and weak ties from innovation networks of different farm types. METHODSThis paper applies an ego-centric social network analysis to farm units characterized by a farm typology to compare their strong/bonding and weak/binding ties contribution to innovation networks. It uses data from 29,796 farm units of maize smallholders in different regions from Central and Southern Mexico covering the gradient from commercial to subsistence farming. The analysis estimates two indexes based on actors' similarity/dissimilarity, that are External and Internal and Specialization Indexes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSOur findings quantify differential contributions of strong versus weak ties to resilience strategies associated with innovation networks among different types of small-scale maize farmers. They demonstrate how differences among five farm types regarding farm resources access, maize production systems and farmers' social attributes influence their innovation networks. A gradient exists between farm types in their innovation network indexes regarding the contribution of strong versus weak ties. Commercial farmers, as the winners of the modernization process, have better access to resources and establish a wider variety of relationships with weak ties. However, interactions with other farmers are essential for technology adoption. In contrast, weak ties represented by institutions have a minor participation in innovation networks of diversified income and subsistence farm units. Strong ties dominate these farm types producing maize for consumption as part of their persistence strategies. Low-mechanized and elder family farm types, affected by geographic remoteness and population ageing processes, represent intermediate points in the gradient of farm resources and network indexes. SIGNIFICANCEJointly farm typology and social network approaches open new avenues to enhance farming system resilience. These approaches show how farmers establish their social interactions for innovation, creating specific combinations of strong and weak ties that are farm type specific. Diverse resilience strategies appear from these combinations involving not only adaptation but also persistence strategies that require further exploration.

Struggling for Life and Livelihood: Tribal Household’s Economic Activities in the Rarh Region of West Bengal, India

Studies on economic activity at the household level to understand the tribal economy today that are based on primary data are limited. This article’s aim is to look into the household economic activities of tribal people in West Bengal’s Rarh region. Most of the source materials were collected from primary surveys. A single base map was compiled and made from a secondary source. By means of a well-structured questionnaire, the primary information is collected. Totally, 150 households located in four regions were surveyed. Around 28 villages and a total of 17 Community Development (CD) blocks have been included in 150 tribal household sample surveys. The size of the landholding (large, medium and small) has been addressed during respondent selection. A stratified purposive random sampling procedure is adopted to achieve the goals and objectives of the research. The study reveals that in regions with high degrees of livelihood resources, household economic activity is strong overall and gradually deteriorates towards regions with very low levels of livelihood resources. Distance migration is a common event in areas with little or no resources for a living. Increasing infrastructure is essential to increasing both farm and non-farm income sources. To help impoverished families diversify their sources of income, agricultural and forest-based industrial units should be promoted, and required skill development initiatives should be put in place.

Impact Assessment of MGNREGA on Income Generation and Consumption Expenditure in Himachal Pradesh

MGNREGA was set in motion to enhance livelihood security in rural areas by providing at least 100 days of guaranteed wage employment in a fi nancial year, to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The objective of the study is to assess the impact of MGNREGA on income generation and consumption expenditure of selected households. Multi-stage random sampling is used to draw the 100 households of Sangrah and Rajgarh blocks of Sirmaur district in Himachal Pradesh. Simple tabular analysis, paired t-test, multiple linear regression, and marginal propensity to consume are used for the analysis. Results reveal that the scheme has signifi cantly impacted the income generation and consumption expenditure of the households. There is a signifi cant hike in the agriculture and livestock income, whereas, from other sectors like labour and business, income has declined after the enactment of the scheme. It is observed that an increase in non-food consumption is more than the food consumption, meaning when the income of benefi ciaries rises the proportion of income spent on food falls, even the absolute expenditure rises. Marginal propensity to consume is found 0.66 i.e. with an increase in a unit of disposable income, a household is spending approximately 66 per cent. For an overall income leap, assets creation should become one of the prime concerns rather than prioritizing the direct ways to increase the income of benefi ciaries.

Changing Family Incomes in New Zealand 2007–20

This article describes income mobility patterns in New Zealand over the short to medium term. It uses a special dataset which tracks the Household Labour Force Survey over the period from 2007 to 2020, using 2013 census data. The measure of income is total family taxable income per adult equivalent person. The income unit is the individual. Just below half of those initially in the bottom decile remained either there or in the second-lowest decile over seven years, while about two-thirds of those initially in the top decile remained either there or in the second-highest decile. Income mobility was least for those in the top and bottom deciles. People also move below or above a low-income threshold over time. Of those who initially had incomes less than half of the median income per adult equivalent person, about half remained in that category after six to seven years. Unemployment and single parenthood were closely associated with longer-term low income. Policies that promote employment and education may be effective, yet not necessarily sufficient, in reducing low income and low-income persistence.

Drawing a Line: Comparing the Estimation of Top Incomes between Tax Data and Household Survey Data

The paper uses the flexibility of household survey data to align their income categories and recipient units with the income categories and units found in data produced by tax authorities. Our analyses, based on a standardized definition of fiscal income, allow us to locate, for top-income groups, the sources of discrepancy. We find, using the cases of the United States, Germany, and France, that the results from survey-based and tax data correspond extremely well (in terms of total income, mean income, composition of income, and income shares) above the 90th percentile and up to the top 1% of the distribution. Information about income composition, available in the US, allows us to investigate the determinants of this gap in the US. About three-fourths of the tax/survey gap is due to differences in non-labor incomes, especially self-employment (business) income. The gap itself may be due to tax-induced re-classification of income from corporate to personal or/and to lower ability of surveys to capture top 1% incomes.

Income Analysis of Laundry Services on Pondok Setrika Selatan Bengkulu

The purpose of this study was to analyze income, average income, net income, and BEP Unit and BEP Rupiah laundry business in Bengkulu Selatan ironing lodge in 2016 - 2020. The type of research used in this study is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. Based on the results of the study showed that the net income in 2016 was Rp. 134,325,000, in 2017 Rp.117,528,000, in 2018 Rp. 143,785,000, in 2019 146,603,000, in 2020 Rp. 161,625,000 in the laundry service business of the ironing cottage in South Bengkulu, in 2012-2016 it has reached BEP, it can be seen from the average acceptance and use of laundry services. it can be seen from the BEP rupiah in 2016 Rp. 35,168,000, 2017 Rp. 42,778,000, in 2018Rp. 44,759,000, in 2019 Rp. 51,942,000, in 2020 Rp. 68,902,000 and BEP units in 2016 Rp. 6,476,018,000, in 2017 Rp. 7,367,110,000, in 2018 Rp. 8,612,829,000, Rp. 10,115,028..

All in the Family: Assessing Need in the Fiscal Unit

This paper contrasts the measurement of family neediness based on economic units used for economic analysis and fiscal units used for tax purposes. The paper makes three contributions to the literature. First, the author identifies ways in which the economic unit and the fiscal unit are in discord and argues why this matters. Second, he presents evidence of the prevalence of discord between measures of neediness based on economic and fiscal units; he finds that about 28 percent of Canadians live in economic units that differ from their fiscal units. Third, the author demonstrates the quantitative relevance of this discord using two case studies. In a case study of the measurement of poverty, he finds that about half of the people living in fiscal units that appear needy when only the fiscal unit's income is considered are not below the official poverty line when the economic unit's income is used. In the other case study, the author finds that a proposed basic income scheme spends almost two-thirds of its budget on people who are not in poverty and 40 percent on children age 18 and over living with their parents.

Increasing labor income and real unit labor costs in Brazilian agrobusiness

Abstract This study analyzes the interactions between per worker labor income (PWLI), labor productivity, real unit labor costs, and the relationship between relevant employee (IPCA) and employers (GDP deflators) prices, specifically focusing on Brazilian agrobusiness. For that purpose, labor productivities of the entire agrobusiness sector and its segments were calculated from 2004 through 2015. We found that the gap between agrobusiness sector deflators and the IPCA did not play a preponderant role to mitigate the effect of PWLI growth of 3.81% annually on real unit labor cost (CURT), which only increased 0.21% annually. In turn, CURT was contained by productivity gains, boosted mainly by agriculture. Without this productivity growth, CURT would have increased at 3.7% annually, thus making unviable the observed simultaneous gains for employers and employees in the Brazilian agrobusiness sector. The result for the primary agrobusiness segment should be highlighted. Even with an annual increase of 4.07% in PWLI, the 7.24% annual growth in productivity implied on an average annual reduction in CURT (-2.56%); without this significant productivity growth, the same increase in PWLI would have boosted CURT by 4.7% annually.

Production of original seeds of winter camelina and evaluation of its efficiency

Camelina is an oilseed crop, the distinguishing feature of which is its unpretentiousness, early maturity, and stable productivity. Camelina oilseeds are widely demanded by manufacturers of edible and technical oils. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was a set of methods: analysis and synthesis, monographic, abstract-logical, computational-constructive. The article presents a technological scheme for growing original winter camelina seeds, presents the structure of production costs, and calculates the main indicators of growing efficiency. The object of research was the winter camelina variety Baron, bred by the Penza Research Institute of Agriculture. To assess the cost of production, labor costs per unit of area, net income and profitability of production, an account of all the main costs of cultivation of camelina was carried out. The total production costs per hectare of seed crops of winter camelina amounted to 29717.9 rubles. Based on the average yield over 5 years (17.5 c / ha), the production cost of 1 c of original camelina seeds is 1698.16 rubles. Net profit from sowing on an area of 10 hectares amounted to 2502.8 thousand rubles. The expected level of profitability of the production of original seeds reached 842%. The return on sales in our calculations was 89.3%.

Bauran Eceran Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Anggota

The object of this research is the "Kopti" Soybean Trade. Soybean Trading Unit's income fluctuated, indicating the low participation of members in the "Kopti" Soybean Trading Unit. The retail mix is ​​one of the advantages that can be created by cooperatives, namely focusing its business on customer satisfaction where customers will be loyal to consume or use cooperative services continuously. This study uses descriptive methods and scoring techniques with a Likert scale. The results showed that members' responses regarding the implementation of the retail mix at the Soybean Trading Unit "Kopti" were quite good, but there were some indicators that were still not good, such as selling prices compared to competitors, sales promotions, product availability, product variants, interiors and lighting. For this reason, the Soybean Trading Unit "Kopti" must pay attention to the retail mix expected by members, so that the participation of members as buyers can increase. Suggestions from this study are to evaluate and improve the retail mix that has been implemented but is still not optimal or running well, such as advertising, sales promotions, price comparisons with competitors, lighting or outside appearance of the store so that members are more interested in transacting at the Soybean Trading Unit. “Kopti” and provide direct economic benefits to members.

Carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE:To estimate the carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet and of sociodemographic strata of this population.METHODS:Carbon footprint of the diet was estimated based on data from two 24-hour diet records, obtained in 2008 and 2009, from a probabilistic sample of the Brazilian population aged 10 years and over (n = 34,003) and on environmental impact coefficients of food and culinary preparations consumed in Brazil (gCO2e/kg). Means with 95% confidence intervals of food consumption (kcal/person/day) and the carbon footprint of the diet (gCO2e/person/day and in gCO2e/2,000kcal) were calculated for the population as a whole and for strata according to sex, age, income, education, macro-regions and Federative Unit. Linear regression models were used to identify significant differences (p < 0.05) in the dietary carbon footprint of different sociodemographic strata.RESULTS:The average carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet was 4,489gCO2e/person/day. It was higher for males, for the age group from 20 to 49 years and for the North and Midwest regions, and tended to increase with income and education. The pattern of association of footprint with sociodemographic variables did not change substantially with adjustment for differences in the amount of food consumed, except for a reduction in the relative excess of the footprint among males and an increase in the relative excess of the footprint in the Midwest region.CONCLUSION:The carbon footprint of the Brazilian diet exceeds by about 30% the footprint of the human diet, which could simultaneously meet the nutritional requirements of a healthy diet and the global goal of containing the increase in the planet's average temperature. The pattern of association of this footprint with sociodemographic variables can help identify priority targets for public actions aimed at reducing the environmental impacts of food consumption in Brazil.

IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON FIXED INCOME UNIT TRUST FUND AND EQUITY UNIT TRUST FUND PERFORMANCES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN MALAYSIA

The shock of the global COVID-19 pandemic is critical even compared to the great financial crisis of 2007–2008 (Sansa, 2020). This study emphasises the performances of equity unit trust funds and fixed income unit trust funds during the COVID-19 pandemic, applying daily data from January 2020 to June 2020. A total of 32 unit trust funds are selected for the study, consisting of 16 fixed income funds and 16 equity funds. The performance of the unit trust funds is examined by using the Sharpe ratio measure, Treynor ratio measure, and Jensen’s alpha measure to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the funds. The findings of this research suggest a mixed result of performance, where some funds outperformed the market benchmark while others underperformed it. For the fixed income unit trust funds, both the average standard deviation and average beta underperformed the benchmark index. On the contrary, the total risk of equity funds is higher than the market benchmark, while systematic risk is lower than the market benchmark. Besides, based on the results of Jensen’s alpha, only a few unit trust funds have a positive alpha, implying that some of the fund managers are either good in market timing or in selecting unit trust funds. Investors and fund managers can benefit from this study when making decisions to enhance their portfolios’ performances during the crucial period. This study will also provide a general outlook on the behaviour and performance of unit trust funds in Malaysia during the selected period of the COVID-19 crisis.

Disentangling the distributive impact of fiscal policy

This paper measures the distributive impact of fiscal policy on personal and regional income distribution and provides a decomposition of the redistributive effect of fiscal policy for individual income units and when they belong to groups. This methodology is useful to identify how much of redistributive effect and also progressive/regressive effects apply within groups, between groups and among overlapping units, and whether there are tensions between different effects. The execution of fiscal policy in Argentina for year 2010 is the case of study. Fiscal policy reduces income inequality under both personal and regional definitions. The vertical effect is strong and weakly compensated by reranking. The vertical effect is a net result of progressive expenditures and regressive taxes. The selection of groups displays particular results. The findings are relevant for the design of fiscal policy in federal countries that pursue both efficiency and equity goals. In the case of Argentina (and this certainly can be extended to other federal countries), this may include rebalancing expenditures among different kinds or levels of governments, as well as the re-designing the tax system and eliminating tradeoffs observed from the current context.

Impact of Farmers’ Associations on Household Income: Evidence from Tea Farms in Vietnam

Farmers’ associations play an important role to help members increase their access to supports of information, capital, and technology; bring benefits to members; and partly promote production, enhance productivity, and increase income. This paper systematizes the theoretical foundation and empirical evidence on income difference between the member and non-member farmers and identifies factors that affect their decisions to join associations. By comparing specific characteristics between the member and non-member farmers, the paper examines the impact of joining farmers’ associations on the income of tea farmers in Vietnam by using the data from the survey of 742 farms. In our sample, 376 respondents are members and 366 non-members of associations in the four largest tea-producing areas, which cover 30 provinces in Vietnam. The paper uses OLS regression model to identify the factors that influence the decision of tea farms to join farmers’ organizations and tobit model to assess more detailed impacts of membership on income. The findings show that the farmers, who are members of an association, are more helpful in the ability to access better market services and more tea prices, and are more likely to earn a higher average income than those are non-members. Moreover, their memberships result in an increase of 0.166 unit of income. The research results also show that other factors, including labor, tea price, share of tea sold, farmer age, tea area, ability to access extension services, and credit services, affect the farmer’s income.

A multi-dimensional adoption approach for improved sorghum varieties in eastern Kenya: a climate change adaptation perspective

ABSTRACT In this era of changing climatic conditions, agricultural technology developers continue to promote suitable innovations to cushion and improve resilience of smallholder farmers against adverse effects and shocks. These improved varieties contribute towards attainment of household and national food security. This paper aims to understand what influences households’ decision to adopt, speed of uptake and extent of use of improved sorghum varieties (ISVs). Data from 452 households were analysed using Double Hurdle and Duration models. Study revealed that consumption expenditure levels, income and tropical livestock unit are important determinants of three household’s adoption decisions. Access to agricultural credit, distance to administration centres and adoption intensity depicts unexpected a priori. The findings also show that households are credit constrained and use own or neighbour’s home saved seeds to expand the use of ISVs. Study concludes that the three facets of ISVs' adoption are influenced by different combination of determinants. Due to the vastness and rough terrain in Tharaka Nithi County, agricultural credit lenders should come up with effective low cost, sustainable and scalable outreach strategies. Policies targeting to derisk sorghum value chain with an aim of incentivizing financial institutions increase their lending appetite to cash-constrained smallholder farmers and agro-dealers should be implemented.

The status of job burnout and its influence on the working ability of copper-nickel miners in Xinjiang, China

BackgroundJob burnout is increasingly common among occupational groups, and it is evolving into a new occupationally harmful phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of job burnout and its influence on the working ability of copper-nickel miners in Xinjiang, China, and to provide a theoretical basis for alleviating job burnout and improving the working ability of copper and nickel miners.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out in June 2017 to September 2018 in Hami City, Xinjiang Autonomous Uygur Region, China. According to the main production process stratification of copper-nickel ore (mining unit, beneficiation unit, smelting unit), a self-administered questionnaire survey on the general situation of miners was conducted on the basis of the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory and Work Ability Index Questionnaire among 1400 miners registered in the human resources department of copper and nickel mines by stratified cluster sampling.ResultsThere were 1014 miners with different degrees of burnout, accounting for 80.86% of the total: 432 people reported mild burnout (34.45%), 516 reported moderate burnout (41.15%), and 66 reported high burnout (5.26%). There were significant differences in the degree of burnout according to sex, age, education level, monthly income, and work unit (p < 0.05). The level of male burnout was higher than that of females. Miners aged 35–40 years, with a high-school education, a monthly income of less than 2500 yuan, and who belonged to the smelting unit had the highest job burnout.There were significant differences in working ability among miners with different burnout level (p < 0.01). Partial correlation analysis showed that work ability was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion, reduced sense of achievement, and total burnout score (p < 0.001). Multinomial logistic regression analyses showed that the education level, professional title,work units and job burnout level had a pronounced impact on the working ability of miners (p < 0.001); The reduced level of education, primary title, smelting unit, and the increase in job burnout are risk factors for the reduction of working ability.ConclusionsOur results indicate that job burnout is common among copper and nickel miners. Furthermore, working ability decreases with an increase in job burnout, and reducing job burnout can improve the working ability of copper and nickel miners.