United Nations Educational , Scientific And Cultural Organization Research Articles

Understanding the gastronomy tourists’ characteristics and perceptions: a cluster analysis of visitors to a creative city of gastronomy

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify and understand distinct tourist segments in Phuket, focusing on their characteristics, attitudes and perceptions as visitors to a creative gastronomic destination. Design/methodology/approach In this study, cluster analysis is used to identify tourist segments in Phuket, a well-known United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) gastronomic city. The analysis is based on data collected from 525 domestic Thai tourists. Findings Cluster analysis revealed three distinct tourist segments: gastronomy enthusiasts, taste discoverers and gourmet wanderers. These segments exhibit significant differences in their characteristics and perceptions of Phuket’s gastronomic offerings. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to domestic Thai tourists in Phuket and does not include international visitors. In addition, the findings are specific to the context of Phuket and may not be entirely generalizable to other gastronomic destinations. Practical implications The identified tourist segments provide valuable guidance for tourism professionals to tailor their marketing efforts, develop targeted products and meet the preferences of different gastronomically oriented tourists, contributing to the successful management of a gastronomic city. Originality/value This study contributes to the fields of destination management and gastronomy tourism by providing valuable insights for practitioners seeking to enhance their offerings and consider the preferences of different gastronomically oriented tourist segments. Identifying these segments enriches the understanding of visitor behavior in creative gastronomy cities.

Convergence or fragmentation? Recent developments in recognition of microcredentials and their impact on higher education in Asia and the Pacific

PurposeThis paper explores the development of microcredentials (MCs) through a regional lens, considering their implications for lifelong learning and skilled labour mobility in Asia and the Pacific. It also examines recent global initiatives led by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).Design/methodology/approachThe study reviews recent global initiatives aimed at developing shared definitions and principles for MCs, as led by UNESCO, taking into account the importance of existing initiatives such as the pilot project launched by the Australian government in 2022. The formalization of MCs within national education systems is also examined, with reference to frameworks developed by organizations like the European Union (EU), Australia and the Malaysia Qualifications Agency (MQA, 2020).FindingsThe paper underscores the increasing attention from international organizations and governments to the development and recognition of MCs, with significant efforts in countries like Australia and pilot initiatives in New Zealand and Malaysia. However, it also highlights that many MC projects in Asia are still in their early developmental stages, emphasizing the need for further progress and formalization.Originality/valueThis paper offers a unique perspective on the development of MCs in the Asia–Pacific region and their potential role in international education. It explores the prospects for MCs in international education, including student mobility and cross-border online courses. The challenge of integrating MCs into existing systems for recognizing international qualifications is discussed. Overall, the paper contributes to the understanding of MC frameworks as essential tools in the formalization of lifelong learning in the region, supported by the provided citations (OECD, 2021).

Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development: Major Themes and Research Trajectories

Our research endeavors to uncover patterns and understand the intellectual framework of studies on cultural heritage management and sustainable development. In this study, we utilize secondary data sourced from the Scopus database. We retrieved and downloaded 185 documents for subsequent analysis. The data was subjected to bibliometric analysis for thorough examination. The analysis exposed six melodies, i.e., Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Urban Development; Sustainable Development and Management of Cultural Heritage; Cultural Heritage and Vernacular Architecture; Adaptive Reuse of Industrial Heritage Sites and Urban Regeneration; Heritage Management and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); World Heritage Sites and United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), respectively. This study makes contributions both academically and within the community. The study provides important insights into the most influential journals, countries, and articles, which is academically essential. Also, six major themes that significantly contribute to the domain of cultural heritage management and sustainable development literature are presented, and they also provide an avenue for future research. Defending biological diversity, ecosystem services, cultural heritage, and associated values is crucial on the communal front. It should be the mainstay for achieving economic and social growth of local communities with environmental sustainability.

Fostering Interest and Critical Thinking in Mathematics Education: The Role of Integrated Evaluation Based on Linktree Platform

Based on a survey conducted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the interest in learning among students in Indonesia is still relatively low, ranking 64th out of 120 countries. In 2007, the Global Institute reported that only 5% of students could solve high-level problem-solving tasks. This study aims to assess student responses, learning interests, and mathematical problem-solving skills following the implementation of Linktree. Linktree is an e-learning platform that offers ease in managing information despite being HTML-based. Moreover, it integrates seamlessly with various media, offers multiple tools, and presents customizable interfaces. The research methodology was quantitative, with a sample of 30 eighth-grade students from Junior high school. Data were collected through five mathematical problem-solving essay questions and questionnaires assessing student responses and learning interests post-Linktree usage. Findings revealed positive student responses towards Linktree, particularly in number patterns, with an average percentage of 84%, indicating excellent feedback. Post-Linktree usage, students exhibited an average percentage of 78% across four indicators of learning interest, classified as good. The students improved their mathematical problem-solving skills, with an average N-gain score of 0.64 and an N-gain percentage of 64.37%, categorized as moderately effective. Linktree's contribution to students' learning interest and mathematical problem-solving skills was significant, as evidenced by the hypothesis testing results, with a determination of 0.776 or 77.6% for learning interest and 0.629 or 62.9% for problem-solving skills. In conclusion, Linktree significantly contributes to students' learning interests and mathematical problem-solving skills

Effectiveness of Inclusive Design for Children with Disabilities in Nigerian Education Buildings

The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) report that twenty million Nigerian children lack access to basic school education. This is due to inadequate support for children with unique educational needs and impairments in primary school buildings. This study aims to assess how inclusive design ideas have been applied in Abuja public primary school buildings to accommodate children with unusual academic needs, including disabilities, in Nigeria. A descriptive study design with a survey technique was employed as the methodology. A standardised questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale was used to collect information and was delivered to a sample size of 133 people. According to the data, physically challenged pupils and older staff were more concerned with the proportions of overall desires and security, skills, and perception. Additionally, no ramps were installed in the school buildings, prohibiting disabled students from moving vertically, and students with impairments have difficulty reaching areas of conveniences. These findings indicate that inclusive design ideas have not been included into the architectural designs of Federal Capital Territory Administration (FCTA) community primary academic buildings. The findings suggest the need for strong legislation to create an inclusive design special unit to ensure all architectural designs meet FCTA institutional standards for primary school building delivery

Investigating Variables Predicting Environmental Awareness in the Context of Education for Sustainable Development: An Analysis Based on TIMSS 2019 Data

Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) provides unique and detailed information to explore the competencies and attitudes of fourth and eighth-grade students worldwide. The "Environmental Awareness Scale" was developed for the first time in the TIMSS 2019 cycle to measure students' environmental awareness. This cognitive scale gives essential information on students' scientific understanding of some environmental problems at the national and international levels. Using this scale to assess students' environmental awareness will improve education for sustainable development (ESD) in this setting since the obtained data provide reliable information that education policymakers use to integrate the most important environmental education topics and concepts into their curricula and identify the factors that should be considered to raise students' environmental awareness. This study aims to investigate to what extent the science self-concept variable from science-related factors, as well as the gender and socioeconomic status (SES) variables from demographic characteristics, predict the environmental awareness of eighth-grade students in Türkiye participating in the TIMSS 2019. For this purpose, a theoretical model was developed and analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate the association between students' environmental awareness and science self-concept, gender, and SES. The analysis revealed that science self-concept, SES, and gender variables together explained 36% of students' environmental awareness. Furthermore, while science self-concept appears to be the strongest predictor of students' environmental awareness, SES level was also a significant variable explaining students' environmental awareness. On the other hand, there was no significant difference in environmental awareness between male and female students. The study's findings are discussed based on the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)'s emphasis on the periodic monitoring and evaluation of progress in implementing ESD based on data.

Bioethics-CSR Divide

Bioethics-CSR Divide

On Utilizing Artificial Intelligence to Impact Healthcare in Low-Income Countries

Artificial intelligence (AI) is impacting the society with incredible innovations across the globe, as evidenced by recent media coverage. Integrating AI into healthcare holds promise for improving outcomes in low-income nations. Addressing the reliability, validity, and fairness of algorithms is essential to reduce bias. Global organizations such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the European Union promote ethical AI use, guiding its application in healthcare. Philanthropic investment in research is crucial to help develop guidelines that consider the unique needs of marginalized populations. Collaboration between governments, international bodies, researchers, and industry leaders is vital to ensure responsible AI adoption. By prioritizing the welfare of all populations, we can harness AI’s potential to enhance healthcare in low-income countries while mitigating risks.

The genesis and early history of the International Society for Education through Art: Idealism and optimism after the destruction of two World Wars

This article provides an account of developments which led to what became the International Society for Education through Art (InSEA) under the auspices of the United Nations and later the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in the period from 1941 to the Society’s first general assembly in 1954.

Housing Affairs and Urban Heritage Conservation in George Town World Heritage Site, Penang Island

ABSTRACT In recent decades, issues relating to affordable and inclusive housing have become pressing in the light of globalization and urban neo-liberalism. The predicament is not only common in modern cities but also unfolding in historic cities, especially after receiving the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site inscription. While there are upsides and downsides to the debate on how urban heritage conservation intersects with housing affairs, arguably, the situation and outcomes differ across temporal and geographical contexts. This study aims to examine the relationship between urban heritage conservation and its implications on affordable and inclusive housing in the George Town World Heritage Site. Based on mixed research methods, the findings gathered indicated that following two defining moments namely, (i) the repeal of the Control of Rent Act; and (ii) the UNESCO inscription, socio-economic transformations have altered the demographics, socio-economic base and housing demands/needs of the heritage site. Undoubtedly, gentrification has set in and housing is deemed unaffordable, especially to low-income citizenry. The study recommends that conceptual notions, policy affairs and action plans in GTWHS should integrate the aspect of inclusive housing to ensure that no one in the heritage site is deprived of a roof above their heads.

International Legal Framework for the Protection of Cultural Objects

Introduction. For thousands of years, historical and cultural monuments have been damaged or destroyed as a result of armed conflicts and acts of vandalism. Given the role that these sites play in the development of humanity, international humanitarian law (IHL) establishes the basis for the international legal protection of religious, cultural and scientific sites. At the beginning of the 20th century. the situation was complicated not only by the absence of a universal international treaty that would be devoted exclusively to the international legal protection of these objects, but also by an international intergovernmental organization that would develop appropriate norms and standards. These problems led to the creation in 1945 of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Thanks to the activities of this specialized UN agency, as well as the activities of a number of non-governmental international organizations, it was possible to form an international legal regime for the protection of cultural property both in peacetime and during armed conflicts.As a result of changes in the strategy of conducting armed conflicts, as well as improving the methods and means of conducting them in the 21st century, cultural objects are in great danger. In this regard, the analysis of current international legal norms and principles for the protection of cultural property in the context of international humanitarian law is of particular relevance.Materials and methods. As for the materials, we were talking about legal acts, Russian and cultural information based on the cultural traditions of international law. methodological basis based on scientific methods of lysis and synthesis, comparative legal method, scientific method of delivery.Research results. The evolution of the system of international legal protection of cultural property and world cultural heritage allows us to draw a conclusion about the comprehensive level of such protection, applied both in peacetime and in armed conflicts. The international legal responsibilities of states in this area are associated, first of all, with assessing the significance of cultural objects and giving them the appropriate legal status through national legislation or inclusion in the registers of international organizations.Discussion and conclusion. At the same time, the activities of states and international organizations related to the special designation of cultural objects in armed conflicts, the training of civilian and military personnel, and taking into account the specifics of the placement and maintenance of such objects are of particular importance. The general body of knowledge and skills for the protection and protection of cultural objects is formed by UNESCO as a specialized agency of the United Nations, which strives to preserve the universal heritage as the highest achievements of art and science.

Enchanting restaurants: innovation based on traditional food in Belém (Pará, Brazil)

The city of Belém, capital of the state of Pará (PA), located in northern Brazil, was recognized in 2015 as a Creative City of Gastronomy by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). This recognition is due to the richness of the intangible cultural heritage of the cuisine of Pará, based on traditional and indigenous ways of making, allied to African and European knowledge. At the same time, participation in the Creative Cities Network presupposes cooperation between member cities, where city planning, creativity, sustainability and the encouragement of a socially fairer society are the principles that guide each one of them. In this sense, the objective of the article is to think about the act of enchantment, based on the communicative process, that restaurants promote in their customers, particularly in the city of Belém. In methodological terms, it is a qualitative and dialectical research that seeks to question and deepen knowledge, based on data collected in field research during participant observation. To conclude, we understand that the taste and mastery of traditional Pará cuisine can be restrictive as a tourist offer given the use of local products, unknown to the general public. Thus, gourmetization, the preparation of new dishes with known products and international dishes seek to complement this gastronomic offer.. However, the enchantment is not only produced from the food itself, but also from the referents and channels used by the different restaurants.

Education Development Officers as agents for promoting quality education at selected rural schools

Background: The quality of teaching and learning (TL) has been a concern in South Africa and has received attention from global players such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the agenda of the Education for All (EFA) policy. In South Africa, quality teaching and learning (QTL) in secondary schools remains low and compromised despite the implementation of the EFA policy and the use of education development officers (EDOs).Aim: The study sought to investigate the effectiveness of EDOs in promoting QTL at selected schools in the King Williams Town (KWT) district.Setting: The units of analysis are selected schools in the KWT district in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa.Methods: The study employed an interpretivism paradigm with a case study design and a qualitative approach to investigate the role of Education Development Officers (EDOs) in supporting QTL in selected secondary schools in the King Williams Town (KWT) District, while the data was interpreted thematically from the ten participants.Results: Education development officers play a critical role in enabling School Management Teams in South Africa to achieve high-QTL. However, EDOs face a number of challenges such as a lack of human and material resources, teacher resistance, extracurricular activities, student and teacher absenteeism, programme alignment, and work overload.Conclusion: The major conclusion of the study indicates that the challenges faced by EDOs can be overcome by employing four main strategies: stakeholder engagement, leadership, monitoring and evaluation, and training.Contribution: This article has the potential to contribute to theory, concept, policy, and practice regarding the promotion of QTL in schools.

Analyzing ICESCO's Capitals of Culture Program: Impacts on Education, Science, and Culture in Comparison to UNESCO and Global Initiatives

This research article rigorously examines the Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO)'s Capitals of Islamic Culture Program, focusing on its profound impact on education, science, and culture. It seeks to provide a scholarly analysis suitable for academic submission. The study employs a comprehensive approach, drawing insights from official documents, existing literature, and interviews with ICESCO officials. Key highlights of the research include an exploration of the program's historical context and its influence on the Islamic world. The article conducts a comparative analysis, positioning ICESCO's initiatives alongside similar programs by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and other international organizations, offering a global perspective. Furthermore, the article evaluates the achievements and experiences of the Capitals of Islamic Culture, emphasizing their substantial contributions to education, science, culture, and their alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These contributions span areas such as education, innovation, sustainable communities, climate action, justice, and partnerships. While recognizing the program as a platform for promoting Islamic culture and fostering intercultural dialogue, this study sheds light on associated challenges. It underscores the importance of a robust documentation system to effectively evaluate and record the experiences of designated capitals, thereby optimizing the program's potential to highlight the diverse and rich cultural tapestry of the Islamic world. This research article offers a scholarly and scientific analysis of the Islamic World Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ICESCO)'s Capitals of Culture Program, focusing on its impact on education, science, and culture while providing a comparative perspective with global initiatives. It aims to enrich academic course and deepen our understanding of this cultural program's words significance in the Islamic world.

Research on the Strategy of Cultivating Children's Creative Thinking in Picture Book Teaching

In Creativity refers to people's ability to produce new views on things, including breaking through conventional thinking in thought and behavior. Creative thinking is the core of creativity. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) stated in 2009 that the mission of education is to cultivate young children full of possibilities. Therefore, to cultivate children with creative thinking, we should follow the nature of children and encourage them to explore and practice. In the 21st century, the cultivation of creativity has become the focus of national and even social attention, and creative thinking is the core and foundation. Therefore, cultivating creative thinking is the key to the development of creativity.

Optimization of virtual design and machining time of the mold master ceramic jewelry products with Indonesian batik motifs

Batik has been the cultural heritage of the Indonesian nation since the 17th century. On 2 October 2009, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated Batik as part of Indonesia’s traditional clothing as Indonesia’s cultural heritage. This research proves that Batik is an attractive and artistic ornament of ceramic jewelry products. This ornament can increase the selling value and storytelling of the product. Naruna is a local handmade porcelain ceramic factory in Indonesia with excellence in unique colored tableware and consistently trying to develop new designs in ceramic jewelry. Modern technology in computer-based virtual design and machining on dining plate tableware with the Batik Kawung motif is also applied in this paper to obtain a master design for ceramic jewelry prints. The design stage begins with selecting ornament patterns with creative methods to form a 3D CAD model of ceramic jewelry using artistic Art CAM. The optimization of computer-aided manufacturing-based to obtain machining strategy using the software. The software is Autodesk Power Mill, whose NC Code can be directly manufactured on a CNC router machine. This combination can speed up the production process time to meet the production capacity at Naruna and get detailed, accurate, precise, and consistent textures and ornaments, thereby meeting NCS consumer demand for ceramic jewelry products. The simulation results of the two master print patterns are 141 h, 56 min, and 46 s; the machining time is estimated at 153 h. This research saves about 11 h of time processing. The resulting NC Code can be appropriately processed on a CNC router machine with a Mach 3 post-processor.

Alfabetização no Programa de Educação Fundamental da Unesco

Abstract This article examines and discusses the topic of literacy within the Basic Education Program (1946-1958) of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Drawing from Mikhail Bakhtin’s theories, the theoretical analysis centers on his conception of utterance as a guiding framework. Employing documentary research, the focus lies on analyzing documents authored by UNESCO’s directors-general and specialists commissioned for organizational studies. It challenges the position of literacy within the program, delving into controversies surrounding the formulation of guiding principles to be followed by UNESCO, its educational viewpoint, the idea of fundamental education, and the positioning of literacy within this framework while scrutinizing the so-called ideal concept behind UNESCO’s global educational initiatives. The conclusion highlights that the integration of literacy campaigns into UNESCO’s educational agenda stemmed from a shift in its perception, emphasizing its instrumental nature and the ongoing need for educators to advocate for literacy across diverse age groups, resisting its reduction to a merely mechanistic and purely functional aspect.

Alternate Edens: History, Evolution, and Origins in UNESCO's Cultural and Scientific History of Mankind.

In 1963, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) published the first volume of its long-awaited cultural and scientific history of mankind. First announced in 1948, the History of Mankind was envisioned as a comprehensive, universal human history, from the evolution of Homo sapiens to the middle of the twentieth century. This article uses editorial conflicts over the site of the cradle of the human species to explore the position of scientific knowledge in world history writing and to examine tensions between different national traditions of expertise at a moment of political and scientific transition.

Professor Khodadoust and his sign

Professor Ali Asghar Khodadoust was a pioneer and innovative corneal transplant surgeon with international reputation. He was born in Shiraz, Iran, in October 1935 where he later founded the Khodadoust eye hospital in 2003. He studied Medicine at Shiraz university and went to the United States of America (USA) in 1959 to continue his medical education. While in America, he did extensive research into corneal transplantation and rejection and was the first to describe the endothelial rejection sign which was named after him as the “Khodadoust line”. It separates the immunologically damaged endothelium from unaffected endothelium in cornea and represents transplant rejection. Dr Khodadoust completed his fellowship training at Wimer Eye Institute at Hopkins and was later involved in establishing an exchange program between Shiraz university in Iran and Hopkins university in the USA which ran between 1968 and 1979. He was a faculty member of Yale and John Hopkins universities in the USA. Dr Khodadoust was honoured as a national treasure to Iran in a ceremony organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in Shiraz in 2015. He died in New York, USA, in March 2018 aged 82.His life, works and achievements, will be presented in this lecture.

UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Awards for Cultural Heritage Conservation Case Studies—Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street as An Example

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) established the Asia-Pacific Cultural Heritage Conservation Award in 2000.The award aims to recognize the achievements of individuals and public-private sectors in protecting or restoring buildings, places, and immovable properties of heritage value in the region.It encourages individual participation and public-private cooperation to protect the cultural heritage of the area for the benefit of future generations.This paper adopts literature research and case analysis as the primary research methods.Referring to the judging principles and standards of the New Design category in the 2022 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Heritage Conservation Award, based on the investigation and research of the case in China—Chongqing Yunyang County Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street, it deeply analyzes the problems and deficiencies in the protection strategy of Zhangfei Temple Folk Custom Street.It also explores the underlying logic of the sustainable development path of cultural heritage protection, hoping to provide valuable reference experience and practical reference for more cultural heritage application projects participating in this competition in the future.