Unitary Type Research Articles

On the Generation of Dual Polar Spaces of Unitary Type Over Finite Fields

It is demonstrated that the generating rank of the dual polar space of typeU2n(q2) is(???n2n)when q>2. It is also shown that this is equal to the embedding rank of this geometry.

Symmetric closed operators commuting with a unitary type I representation of finite multiplicity are self-adjoint

Symmetric closed operators commuting with a unitary type I representation of finite multiplicity are self-adjoint

Sensations evoked by intraneural microstimulation of C nociceptor fibres in human skin nerves.

1. Seventy-one C polymodal nociceptors supplying glabrous and hairy skin in limbs of awake human volunteers were identified on the basis of cutaneous stimulus-response characteristics recorded intraneurally by microneurography (MNG). The large majority of such units were primarily detected during intraneural microstimulation (INMS) on the basis of subjective quality and cutaneous localization of evoked painful sensation. Electrophysiological studies were supplemented with rigorous psychophysical testing during microstimulation delivered at intraneural C recording sites. 2. The conduction velocity of single C nociceptor units could be shown to become transiently slowed following repetitive INMS at threshold intensity for conscious sensation. Such 'marking' witnessed that particular C units, identified by recording, had been effectively activated during INMS and psychophysical testing. 3. Cognitive attributes of sensations evoked from C recording sites by INMS at threshold intensity for perception were estimated psychophysically for subjective quality, temporal attributes and localized projection. There was remarkable matching of physiological unit type (C polymodal nociceptor) with subjective quality of evoked sensation (dull or burning pain). Further, there was remarkable spatial matching of receptive field of given C nociceptors with projected field of the pain sensation evoked from the C recording site by INMS delivered at threshold intensity for conscious sensation. 4. Dissociated A nerve fibre blocks caused by compression-ischaemia did not abolish the sensation of burning pain projected to hairy skin, evoked by INMS delivered at C recording sites. 5. While the double matching of (a) subjective quality and spatial localization with (b) objective physiological unitary type and receptor location, coupled with the results of A blocks, provide evidence that C nociceptor fibres can be fairly selectively activated during INMS, the results also attest that C polymodal nociceptors from human skin evoke delayed dull or burning pain, accurately projected to a defined locus in skin, even after spatial summation is reduced to a minimum.

The innervation of the myometrium of the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). A quantitative electron-microscopic study.

The autonomic innervation of the myometrium of Macaca fascicularis consists of bundles of unmyelinated nerve fibres running between the smooth muscle cells, and is therefore considered to be of the "fascicular (= unitary) type". Close contacts between nerve fibres and smooth muscle fibres were not found. Modification of the chromaffin method according to Tranzer and Richards made it possible to visualize the heterogeneity of the nerve fibres in a single bundle. The following fibre types were found to coexist: (1) noradrenergic fibres containing "synaptic" vesicles with a dense granule, (2) cholinergic fibres containing empty "synaptic vesicles", and (3) non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) fibres containing only or predominantly large dense-cored vesicles, which do not react with this method. Noradrenergic fibres are the most numerous (around 60%), followed by NANC fibres (30%) and cholinergic elements (around 10%). The distribution of these three types is similar in the cervix, the isthmus and the body of the uterus in pregnant and non-pregnant females.

Palatal Vowel Harmony: A Perceptually Motivated Phenomenon?

The paper attempts to determine the motivating causes of palatal vowel harmony (PVH). Previously suggested causal explanations of PVH are critically evaluated, especially the progressive palatal assimilation view of the origin of PVH. Data on PVH restrictions from Finnish and Turkish are examined against a set of perceptually motivated working tendencies. It is shown that PVH and “labial harmony” are only special cases of a single, unitary type of restriction, statable acoustically in terms of the frequency of the second formant. A perceptual theory of the causes of PVH is proposed and general phonetic conditions for and against the development of PVH in a language are suggested. On the whole, the paper is an argument for a substance-based approach to phonology.

Geriatric Care in Italy

ABSTRACT:This article is an outline of existing and proposed improvements in the care of geriatric patients in Italy. A new hospital law requires the inclusion of a geriatric unit in each regional general hospital. Besides units for the care of short‐term patients with acute diseases, it is desirable to have special units for sixty to ninety days of care in general hospitals and nursing homes. These are in addition to other units for long‐term chronically ill patients. This unitary type of organization provides more efficient care and is more economical.