Industrial Units Research Articles

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КАРБОНІЗОВАНОГО ЗАЛИШКУ ПРОЦЕСУ ПІРОЛІЗУ ВЖИВАНИХ АВТОМОБІЛЬНИХ ШИН ЯК МОДИФІКАТОРА ДОРОЖНІХ БІТУМІВ

The paper analyzes the possibility of utilizing the solid carbonized residue (SCR) from the pyrolysis of waste tires (WT). The pyrolysis process of waste tires produces about 36 % of carbonized residue, which can serve as an adhesive and/or modifying additive in the processes of modifying petroleum bitumen. We analyzed the SCP and BND 70/100 bitumen produced at a small-scale industrial unit and PJSC Ukrtatnafta, respectively. The influence of solid carbonized residue on the performance properties of modified bitumen at different ratios of raw materials (BND 70/100) : SCR. According to the results obtained, the optimal amounts of SCR for modifying petroleum bitumen were proposed and directions for further research were determined.

PERAN INOVASI PRODUK DALAM MEMEDIASI PENGARUH ORIENTASI PASAR TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN

One of the SME industrial units that is currently developing and is in great demand by the public today is the coffee industry, along with the large consumption of coffee in Indonesia. North Kuta District is one area that has felt the impact of the development of the coffee shop business. The increasing number of coffee shop developments makes competition between similar businesses higher so that good and optimal marketing performance is needed in maintaining business. This study aims to explain the role of product innovation in mediating the effect of market orientation on marketing performance at coffee shops in North Kuta District. The number of samples in this study were 100 respondents with purposive sampling method. Data collection through the distribution of questionnaires (google form). Data analysis using path analysis techniques. The results showed that market orientation had a positive and significant effect on marketing performance, market orientation had a positive and significant effect on product innovation, product innovation had a positive and significant effect on marketing performance and product innovation could mediate the effect of market orientation on marketing performance

Automatic Power Factor Compensation (APFC) for Industrial Power Use to Minimize Penalty

Abstract: In this proposed system, two zero crossing detectors are used for detecting zero crossing of voltage and current. The project is designed to minimize penalty for industrial units using automatic power factor correction unit. The microcontroller used in this project belongs to 8051 family. The time lag between the zero-voltage pulse and zero-current pulse is duly generated by suitable operational amplifier circuits in comparator mode is fed to two interrupt pins of a microcontroller. The program takes over to actuate appropriate number of relays from its output to bring shunt capacitors into load circuit to get the power factor till it reaches near unity. The capacitor bank and relays are interfaced to the microcontroller using a relay driver. It displays time lag between the current and voltage on an LCD. Furthermore, the project can be enhanced by using thyristor control switches instead of relay control to avoid contact pitting often encountered by switching of capacitors due to high in rush current

The Influence of Urbanization on Social Dynamics in Yemen: Insights from Environmental and Climate Data

Introduction: Environmental data play a crucial role in social change, especially in ancient Yemen, where the natural environment is closely linked to ancient civilizations. The development of tribal areas in Yemen, such as Saba and Hamir, has been affected by the growth of trade, handicrafts and traditional industries. The integration of the natural environment has led to the growth of maritime navigation and the establishment of modern industrial and administrative units. Urbanization in these areas has diversified the components of tribal populations, requiring new social, political, economic and legal regulation. The population also had to adapt to modern standards and regulations, such as monetary handling in the labour market and production. The geographical and environmental dimension plays a significant role in the emergence and expansion of cities, which are often found in fertile and resource-abundant locations. Urban development in the Arabian Peninsula has a long history dating back to ancient times. The region has witnessed the first civilization in history and has witnessed significant urbanization. The middle Ages experienced significant urban development, with cities reaching unprecedented sizes. The nineteenth century saw a new phase of urban development, with urban land subject to economic processes, including competition. The discovery and extraction of oil in the twentieth century led to the emergence of new cities, highlighting the current urban landscape. The Arab population has grown rapidly, rising from 13% in 1900 to 49% in 2005(according to the Central Bureau of Statistics). Today, the Arab city community is a mix of cultures and nationalities, with institutions replacing the family, the warmer and the tribe in different societies. Aspects of life and social systems. It is estimated that half of the Arab population inhabits urban areas because of urban growth and urbanization, a health phenomenon that is indicative of civilized development and economic and social growth. Methodology: The physical changes in the Republic of Yemen and the identification of the city of Aden were studied by reviewing the studies that monitored these changes and their social, economic and population effects. The study relied on secondary data in the first place. Results: this research was conducted to study The Influence of Urbanization on Social Dynamics in Yemen: Insights from Environmental and Climate Data, we find that urban society's relationship with the natural environment influences its social and cultural environment, influenced by collective and individual traditions and economic habits. Rural societies are more connected to the natural environment, while urban communities live in relative isolation, resulting in a dominant social and human environment. Discussion: Urban growth refers to the physical framework for society's stability and existence, indicating social well-being and basic needs such as housing, water security, energy, and transportation. In the Arab world, urbanization dates back to ancient times, with cities growing up in the Arabian Peninsula. The Middle Ages saw major urban development, while the 19th century saw rapid urban population growth. Today, half of the Arab population is urban, reflecting civilization's development and economic and social growth. Yemen is experiencing significant urbanization, transforming from an urban environment to a diverse, modern society, influenced by social construction and cultural values. The natural environment influences social and cultural environments, with rural societies being more connected to it. Urbanization requires preserving rural social characteristics, strengthening inhabitants' sense of belonging, and promoting participation in community development plans. Spatial justice and regional balance are crucial in developing world urban environments, as they help overcome alienation and promote collective affiliation.

IoT Sensor Data Retrieval and Analysis in Cloud Environments for Enhanced Power Management

The Internet of Things (IoT) brings new products to everyone to improve daily life. Concurrently other emerging technologies, including Big Data, Cloud Services, and surveillance, can participate through these technological advances. This research work explores the synergies among four systems to identify their shared functionalities and integrate them to create useful potential applications. Despite the limitations of the smart city concept, researchers would seek innovative methods to collect and process sensor information within an IoT-enabled smart building. A cornerstone of the proposed system is the utilization of cloud services as the foundational technology for a schema management platform. This platform efficiently gathers data generated by sensors within smart industrial units. Leveraging the capabilities of IoT technology, the data can be remotely managed and accessed using mobile devices with network connectivity. The proposed work addresses the challenges related with the smart city perception and supports for revolutionary approaches in the collection and manipulation of IoT Sensor data. By doing so, it imagines the creation of green, smart schemes that contribute to sustainable urban development.

Influence of Mesh Design and Surface Treatments on Particle Transport and Fate in a Vibration-Enhanced Flooded Bed Dust Scrubber

Respirable coal mine dust (RCMD) is one of the biggest occupational health hazards for underground coal miners. Dusty mining environments can cause long-term health problems, including pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) has recently revised regulations promoting enhanced dust mitigation technologies, which have sparked renewed interest in the development of dust mitigation technologies. The flooded bed dust scrubber (FBS) is one of the most widely used technologies; however, it is limited by technical challenges, the most notable being the potential to clog. Recent studies have shown that applying vibration to filter mesh can improve the overall efficiency of the scrubber and that the system can be readily integrated to existing continuous mining equipment using an energy harvesting approach. In this follow-up study, the impact of mesh design and surface modification on system efficiency was examined using different vibrating liquid-coated stainless-steel mesh panels in a laboratory-scale FBS. Based on the two-way interaction data from a multi-factor experimental design, the results show that the performance of the system can be optimized by using hydrophilic 20- or 30-layer filters and by excitation frequencies between 67 and 134 Hz. This laboratory study suggests that a 20-layer mesh screen with hydrophilic surface applications and optimized vibration parameters can perform similar to that of a 30-layer static mesh, which is typically used in industrial units.

Curved Linear Diode Array Imaging of a Historic Anchor Recovered from East Anglia ONE Offshore Wind Farm

The Industrial Metrology Business Unit of Nikon Corporation, on behalf of ScottishPower Renewables and Maritime Archaeology (MA), Southampton, UK, has employed X-ray CT (computed tomography) to visualise the internal structure of an anchor found in the North Sea. The non-destructive method of internal inspection and measurement has helped to determine approximately when it was made. The results indicate that the artefact, initially thought to be potentially Roman, is probably more recent, likely dating to between the late 16th and early 17th centuries CE. This paper presents the discovery, recovery, analysis and interpretation of a significant find from a UK offshore wind farm and underscores the valuable role that non-destructive X-ray CT played in the investigation.

Development of a membrane process in CAPE-OPEN to CAPE-OPEN (COCO) simulator for carbon dioxide separation

Commercial process simulation software like HYSYS® and UniSIM® are available but they require a license to operate. CAPE-OPEN to CAPE-OPEN (COCO) is a free process simulation software that includes many unit operations. In terms of material and energy balance, COCO gives very close results compared to commercial software. Gas-separation membrane can be developed manually in HYSYS® and UniSIM® using a component splitter but this unit is not available in COCO. In this work, a membrane module was built in COCO with the use of the open-source numerical computational application (Scilab). The membrane unit was developed by writing material and energy balance equations in Scilab. The equations were solved numerically by changing the permeate-cut values. The code was then integrated into COCO using the Scilab plugin. The built code was tested with an industrial membrane unit for carbon dioxide separation from flue gas. Results show that the module gives an acceptable error of 4.5 % when performing material and energy balance compared to real data.

Assessment of performance and sustainability of waste heat dryer coupled with air conditioner unit during drying of banana slices

The present work presents the effective application of waste heat rejected from window air conditioning (AC) in a waste heat dryer (WHD) for drying plantain banana slices. The comparison between drying with the waste heat dryer coupled with an AC unit (ACWHD) and a natural convective indirect solar dryer (SD) reveals significant differences in drying kinetics, supply air conditions, and thermodynamic performance. The drying kinetics of banana slices obtained with ACWHD and SD were validated by revisiting the concepts of dryer performance index (DPI) and generalized drying curve. The temperature of the hot air supplied to the drying chamber in ACWHD was 48 °C while the relative humidity of the supply air was below 30 %. The thermodynamic performance assessment revealed that the exergetic efficiency was about 45 % and 16 % for ACWHD and SD respectively. The results of exergy based sustainable index and environment impact factor indicated the potential application of the waste heat of residual air from AC units for drying applications. Thus, the results of the present study imply that this novel idea has appreciable potential for commercialization with large-scale central air conditioning units in commercial complexes and industries where the magnitude of heat rejection will be multi-fold.

Integrated simulation and control environment for the development and safe start-up of cable driven parallel robots

ABSTRACT This article presents a new environment designed to facilitate the conceptualization and automation of CDPRs (Cable Driven Parallel Robots). Utilizing a platform for robotic simulation, an industrial controller, and a data gateway to communicate both systems, it is possible to emulate CDPR motion in early design, development, and start-up phases. Thus, this simulation environment allows to test how the robot will behave in advance in order to obtain a safer and more reliable first operation with the real robot. An spatially under-constrained CDPR with four cables was used to validate the capabilities of the proposed integrated environment, comparing its performance against an industry-standard hardware prototype. Both the simulation model and the real prototype performed the same trajectory in order to assess a time delay and position errors between them. Evaluation results revealed that the simulation accurately replicated the performance of its industrial counterpart, with a peak divergence of 0.27% in the position of the robot under various speed scenarios. This occurs even when accounting for latency arising from data exchange connecting the industrial control unit to the simulation. The results have shown that the environment is suitable for trajectory control of new CDPR architectures under different dynamic conditions.

Proposal of a Machine Learning Predictive Maintenance Solution Architecture

This article proposes an architecture model for a predictive maintenance solution that can be used to detect degradation of equipment in industrial units. This platform is compliant with Industry 4.0 standards and employs machine-learning algorithms alongside with data analytics methodologies to model the kinetics of equipment degradation. This serves the overarching aim of Industry 4.0 by enabling real-time, data-driven decision-making and complex asset management. To model the deterioration of the equipment, advanced data analysis techniques and machine learning were used, thus allowing for the early identification of imminent failures and reducing system downtime. The proposed solution was validated through numerous experiments and a comprehensive analysis of data. The results indicate not only enhanced operational reliability but also a reduction in environmental impact, thereby highlighting the value of intersecting Industry 4.0 and Sustainability paradigms in the field of industrial systems.

Risk Management for the Petrodiesel-Biodiesel Fuel Blend Supply Chain in Indonesia

This research addresses the management of risks within inter-business unit networks, focusing on two key levels of risk mitigation: strategic and operational. Prior research primarily explored risk management within specific fuel industry units supplied by a single source. This study represents a novel approach, delving into dual-source fuel strategies and engaging various supply chain stakeholders to identify and mitigate operational risks accordingly. The research findings demonstrate that stakeholders can reduce risks through integrated planning and collaboration among business units, with government support further reducing inter-unit risks. This study’s main contribution is establishing a basis for future research in eco-friendly fuel supply chains, specifically examining the long-term viability of blending petrofuel with biofuel. This extends risk analysis to supply chain networks involving multiple business units. Moreover, this research emphasizes the significance of case studies covering end-to-end product flows in fuel blend supply, encompassing various supply chain functions. Additionally, it investigates stakeholder perceptions of operational risks associated with different business unit types, addressing potential domino effects. It highlights the importance of information technology in risk reduction through collaborative information exchange within the supply chain.

Critical factors for the rehabilitation of Hann Bay (Senegal, West Africa): Solutions for sustainable development

The advanced degradation of Hann Bay (Dakar, Senegal) has reached highly elevated levels, with serious environmental, health, and social consequences. Thus, this study focused on the determinants for rehabilitating Hann Bay and proposed solutions for sustainable development. The target area is currently home to 500,000 inhabitants and hundreds of industrial units, with virtually no suitable wastewater treatment systems. Socio-economic surveys and three rounds of effluent sampling were carried out between 2020 and 2022 at eleven sites in Hann-Bel Air, Dalifort Foirail, Thiaroye sur mer, Sicap Mbao, and Mbao. The study showed increased physicochemical, biological, and bacterial pollution of the heavily contaminated wastewater along the bay. The analytical results of the samples collected for the three series show that almost all sampling points exceed the limit value for TSS (50mg/l) and COD (200mg/l). This indicates that physicochemical and organic pollution are still present in the bay, causing fish to escape into the open sea. BOD measurements are also above the standard (N05-061; 80 mg/l) for series 1 and 2, showing an alteration in bay conditions. Analysis of the microbiological quality of the water in terms of oils and fats showed values well above the current standard (NS 05-061, 20-50 mg/l), which explains the frequent fish kills at the Hann marinas, Hann pêcheurs, and Cité ISRA sites. The same situation was observed in samples of fecal coliforms (CFU/100ml), helminth eggs (eggs/L), nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc, and lead at values outside the norm. Through socio-economic surveys of the populations and workers in the industrial units, the recommended solutions focus on protection and prevention measures, enforcement of regulations, communication and awareness-raising, equipment acquisition, and monitoring and surveillance to rehabilitate the bay.

Stochastic Game Network-inspired intelligent framework for quality assessment in logistic industry

The widespread utilization of IoT-Fog-Cloud computing has revolutionized customer-oriented service delivery aspects in the global logistics industry. With industrial globalization, the logistics industry is often challenged to address quality issues. Moreover, with improper product management and transportation, the logistics industry has to face considerable financial loss. Conspicuously, a novel Stochastic Game Network (SGN) is proposed in the current study to ensure enhanced service product quality in the logistics industry. Specifically, the smart logistic industry-based decision-making framework is presented by incorporating several parameters of product quality. In the proposed method, each IoT device acts as a game player with a preset action set and strategy. Moreover, each IoT sensor at 4 levels of the logistic industry including Production Management Sensor (IMS), Inventory Management Sensor (IMS), Transportation Management Sensor (TMS), and Delivery Management Sensor (DMS) is incorporated as a game player node. Quality parameters are analyzed using the proposed Bayesian Belief Model (BBM) technique for effective classification. Moreover, Game-theoretic decision-making is used to automate enhanced product quality management and control units in IoT-based logistic industries for effective analysis and customer-oriented service delivery. For validation purposes, experimental results are compared with state-of-the-art decision-making techniques. Based on the results, the proposed model has registered enhanced statistical measures in terms of Precision (92.98%), Specificity (93.78%), Sensitivity (96.78%), Reliability (96.54%), and Stability (78%). To assess the theoretical efficacy of the proposed strategy, mathematical analysis is performed to quantify customer satisfaction. Conclusively, the proposed model presents an effective mechanism for quality assurance by incorporating stochastic behavior in the logistics industry.

MARKET RESEARCH SERVICES OF BANKS AND THEIR IMPACT ON PERCEPTION OF SERVICE USERS

Banks are still playing a very important role in our nation's economic development. They play an important role in the promotion of industry and commerce. The general aim of banks is to provide the peoples with monetary services, including business for their different plans. In India, the bank covers private banks, and the public banks, international banks, rural regional banks, and cooperative banks. They receive customer-term securities. Most banks have trained components to handle the financial requirements of short-scale industrial units in an organizational arrangement. Banking is a very complex, but exciting topic because it involves knowledge of economics, sociology, psychology, the essence of marketing, and banking concepts. It is the customer with the highest degree of influence in marketing. The motto of effectively selling bank goods is a in a technical and traditional manner to meet the needs of the customers. Bank, therefore, need to incorporate additional research and market intelligence to promote innovation to ensure the loyalty of customers and as well as to be aware of improvements market conditions (Ojha, V.K, 2004

Euler-Lagrangian modeling of multifilament with phase change: Dynamics, stability, and safety analysis

The industrial multifilament spinning unit is plagued by intricate multiphase and multiscale interactions that remain insufficiently comprehended. A modified Euler-Lagrangian method is employed to scrutinize its dynamic field, taking the dry spinning of spandex as an illustrative case. This framework is first validated by industrial-obtained fiber behaviors. Thereafter, the interaction between 80 filaments and the surrounding airflow is comprehensively explored. Finally, two dynamically unstable regions at the channel upper and bottom sections, along with a solvent accumulation zone near outlet1 are quantitatively identified. The pivotal role of lateral and inverse streams in their formation is revealed. In addition, this work demonstrates an increase in hydrodynamic instability under elevated inlet velocities and outlet pressure conditions, and the efficient regulation of thermal and safety aspects by manipulating inlet air temperature and the dimethylacetamide fraction. The present study indicates that the Euler-Lagrangian model is a powerful tool for deeply exploring and optimizing the multifilament system.

The second life of the Rîșleacov mansion in Soldanesti

The Rîsleacov family was part of the category of Bessarabian nobles, Dvoreni of Ukrainian origin on the paternal line, ranked among the local nobility and recorded, in 1824, in the 3rd part of the Genealogical Book from Bessarabia. Both archival documents and oral history testify that the nobles of the Risleacov lineage contributed to the development of the locality, serving in state offices, being founders of the village church and local philanthropists. Being large landowners, the members of the Risleacov family built on their estate mills, a small brick factory, other small agrarian industrial units. The house and auxiliary constructions of the mansion, which initially covered an imposing area of 5 ha, have been preserved until now, and the documentary heritage with reference to this theme, offers the possibility of reconstructing the forgotten pages of the history of Bessarabia from the second half of the 19th century-20s of the 20th century. Currently, the Rîsleacov mansion is being brought back to life by the Soldanesti History and Ethnography Museum, finding its headquarters here which, unfortunately, is not included in the Register of state-protected monuments in the Republic of Moldova.

Numerical Study of the Strength Radial Turbomachines Based on the Use of Stainless Steel 316L

By studying various properties of materials came to the conclusion that stainless steel 316L has good properties. This material is suitable for making radial wheel turbines compared to other materials. The object of the study is a radial wheel with 10 blades manufactured by “Schiele” (Germany), which specializes in the production of units for the chemical industry and ventilation equipment. The finite element method was chosen as the basic research method for solving problems of natural and forced vibrations, static stress and studying the degree of reactivity blades radial wheels of turbomachines. It can be argued that the numerical analysis of the strength characteristics of heavily loaded turbine elements with the help of electronic computers provides a greater depth of research, the breadth of the issues covered, significantly reduces the amount of expensive experimental research, reduces the time for designing new turbines in terms of efficiency, reliability, technology and resource saving of highly loaded units. In this paper, calculations were made of the characteristics of natural frequencies, equivalent stresses, deformation and the degree of reactivity blades when using material stainless steel 316L. It is noted that this material provides the criterion of stress concentration in the wheel as low as possible and the natural frequencies of the wheel are reduced, but it does not lead to a change in the oscillation modes of this wheel. So 316L stainless steel is recommended for evaluating options in the manufacture of this radial wheel of turbomachines in the field of power, chemical and transport engineering.

The influence of biased technical progress on employment scale of the circulation industry: Evidence from China.

As a leading industry in the national economy, circulation industry can not only guide production and consumption, but also play a vital role in absorbing employment. With the progress of science and technology, technical change has penetrated into the circulation industry of China, which has not only improved its development, but also affected its employment. This paper uses the standardized supply-side system approach to measure the biased technical progress of circulation industry in China and investigates the influence of the biased technical progress index on the employment scale of circulation industry in China with panel regression model. We find that the overall technical progress in China's circulation industry during 2004-2018 is biased toward capital, and the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor is less than 1. We also find capital-biased technical progress in China's circulation industry is negatively related to the overall employment scale of circulation industry. The heterogeneity analysis indicates that the employment of non-state-owned units in circulation industry is significantly negatively affected by capital-biased technical progress, while state-owned units doesn't.

Graphene Oxide/Melamine/Ionic liquid membranes for selective CO2 separation

Highly permeable and selective membranes with long-term stability are needed to reduce operating and capital costs of industrial gas-separation units. In this study, we fabricate new membranes made of melamine (M)- and imidazolium-based ionic liquid (IL)-modified graphene oxide (GO) deposited on a porous support and buried with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer. The CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 ideal selectivities of the composite membranes are respectively 65 % and 70 % higher than those of the membranes containing only the IL. This significant improvement in ideal selectivity is attributed to synergic effects of nanochannels created by GO, fixed facilitated transport provided by the IL and numerous amine groups in the melamine structure, and the increased polarity of the membrane caused by the presence of the IL. The composite membrane has a pure CO2 permeance of 47 GPU with a high CO2/N2 ideal selectivity of 109 and a satisfactory CO2/CH4 ideal selectivity of 39. The composite membrane maintains stable performance over a 60-hour operation, highlighting its long-term reliability. The outstanding performance, coupled with the ease of fabrication, underscores the potential of these composite membranes for practical and efficient CO2 removal from both natural and flue gas streams in real-world applications.