Foliar spraying is employed in this study to test the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid (hereafter 5-ALA), aqueous-organic solvents and their compounds on the quality of Rosa rugosa. The results showed that, compared with the control group (foliar spraying of fresh water), foliar application of 5-ALA or aqueous-organic solvents singly, or in combination, all have various improving effect on rose leaf area, flower diameter (indicating size of the flower), stem length, opening rate, flower color and the total biomass; foliar spraying of 5-ALA and aqueous-organic solvents jointly or mere 5-ALA both can increase the chlorophyll content of unit area leaf, while mere aqueous-organic solvents will decrease the unit area leaf chlorophyll content. The conclusion is that, joint foliar spraying of 5-ALA and aqueous-organic solvents will lead to the optimal result on the quality of Rosa rugosa by way of making full use of the mutually beneficial interaction between 5-ALA and aqueous-organic solvents. This finding no doubt, will shed light on the improvement of Rosa rugosa quality and benefit the future development of the Rosa rugosa industry.