Unique Notion Research Articles

On the Different Fair Allocations of Economic Benefits for Energy Communities

Energy Communities (ECs) are aggregations of users that cooperate to achieve economic benefits by sharing energy instead of operating individually in the so-called “disagreement” case. As there is no unique notion of fairness for the cost/profit allocation of ECs, this paper aims to identify an allocation method that allows for an appropriate weighting of both the interests of an EC as a whole and those of all its members. The novelty is in comparing different optimization approaches and cooperative allocation criteria, satisfying different notions of fairness, to assess which one may be best suited for an EC. Thus, a cooperative model is used to optimize the operation of an EC that includes two consumers and two solar PV prosumers. The model is solved by the “Social Welfare” approach to maximizing the total “incremental” economic benefit (i.e., cost saving and/or profit increase) and by the “Nash Bargaining” approach to simultaneously maximize the total and individual incremental economic benefits, with respect to the “disagreement” case. Since the “Social Welfare” approach could lead to an unbalanced benefit distribution, the Shapley value and Nucleolus criteria are applied to re-distribute the total incremental economic benefit, leading to higher annual cost savings for consumers with lower electricity demand. Compared to “Social Welfare” without re-distribution, the Nash Bargaining distributes 39–49% and 9–17% higher annual cost savings to consumers with lower demand and to prosumers promoting the energy sharing within the EC, respectively. However, total annual cost savings drop by a maximum of 5.5%, which is the “Price of Fairness”.

Ir ort oyf der velt/ Her place in the world.Irena Klepfisz’s Secular Jewish Identity

This study explores the concept of Jewish secularism through the works of Irena Klepfisz, a Polish-born, New York-based Jewish poet. Rooted in the Jewish workers’ party, the Bund, activein the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Klepfi sz’s identity and poetry are examined against thebackdrop of Jewish history, secularism, and feminism. Her unique notion of secular Jewish identity,shaped by her Bundist upbringing, Holocaust trauma, and engagement with post-war feministmovements, is highlighted. Klepfisz’s poetry, especially her 1986 essay “Secular Jewish Identity”,serves as a focal point, illustrating the role of literary scholarship in forming a post-war Jewishsecular identity. This identity is enriched by her experiences as a Holocaust survivor, feminist,and lesbian. The study aims to present Klepfisz’s version of contemporary secular Jewish identity,offering insights into how her readers might resonate with her radical blend of secularism, feminism,and Jewish cultural heritage.

PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY: A STRATEGY FOR TREATING CHRONOTHERAPEUTIC AILMENTS

Modern drug delivery systems have been promoted to a unique notion of chronopharmacology, i.e., the ability to provide the medicament to a patient in a staggered profile, as the discipline of chronobiology has advanced. The main disadvantage of developing such a delivery system that fits the circadian cycle is the lack of accurate technology (Pulsatile drug delivery system, PDDS). Pulsatile devices are gaining popularity because they deliver the medicine to the correct region of action at the correct time, allowing for spatial and temporal dosing and compliance among patients. These technologies are meant to work with the body's natural circadian cycle. The circadian rhythm affects various biological systems in humans, including metabolism, physiology, behaviour, sleep patterns, hormone synthesis, and so on. This article addresses several methods, such as osmotic systems, capsular systems, single and multiple-unit programable devices that rely on soluble or erodible polymer coatings, and the usage of rupturable membranes. The present review covered the rationale for the creation of pulsatile drug delivery systems, benefits, limitations the types of diseases that require pulsatile release, categorization, and assessments of pulsatile system of drug delivery.

Conceptual Study on Shiropichu and Its Role in Psychological Disorder

The basic concept of Ayurveda is to maintain people's health through disease prevention and treatment. Psychological illnesses are caused by stressful lives and irregular daily routines in both adults and children. Murdha Tailam is one of the most effective methods to deal with the different types of disease related to Urdwajatru Murdha Tailam includes Shiro pichus, Shiroabyanga, Shiro lepa and Shirovasti. In a healthy living organism, Ayurveda postulates the unique notion of Dosha, Dhatu, and Mala harmony. Shiropichu is a procedure under which a sterilized piece of cloth or gauze dipped in medicated Taila is placed on Brahma Randhra (anterior fontenalle). Over the vertex or crown of the head, the moistened or soaked Pichu is placed. The Pichu is wrapped in sterile bandage fabric. Warm oil is poured into the centre until the cloth or gauge is thoroughly saturated. It easily penetrates Manovaha srotas, changing Manas Dosha vitiation (Raja & Tama). At the same period, all Maanasvikaras are corrected by Taila's Bhrimhana, Balya, Vaatashamana, and Medhya properties. It works through exploit on Tarpak Kapha, Sadhak Pitta and Pran Vayu

Relevance of glyco-biomakers and glycan profiles in cancer stem cells.

Altered and aberrant glycosylation signatures have been linked to being a hallmark in a variety of human disorders including cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), capable of self-renewal and differentiation, have recently been credited with a unique notion of disease genesis and implicated as the cause for initiation and recurrence of the disease in a new regime of neoplastic transformations hypothesis. Many biomarkers relating to diagnostic and prognostic intents have been discovered using the ubiquitous and abundant surface glycan patterns on CSCs. Various technological advancements have been developed to identify and determine concerns with glycosylation structure. However, the nature and purpose of the glycan moiety on these glycosylation pattern have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This review, thus, summarizes the process of glycosylation in CSCs, variations in glycosylation patterns in various stem cells, aberrant glycosylation patterns in cancer, the role of glycosylation in tumor cell adhesion, cell-matrix interactions, and signaling, as well as cancer detection and treatment. The function of carbohydrates as prospective serum biomarkers, some clinically authorized biomarkers, and potential novel biomarkers relating to cancer disease diagnosis and prognosis are also discussed in the review.

The Dispositional Essence of Proactive Social Preferences: The Dark Core of Personality vis-à-vis 58 Traits

Individuals differ in how they weigh their own utility versus others’. This tendency codefines the dark factor of personality (D), which is conceptualized as the underlying disposition from which all socially and ethically aversive (dark) traits arise as specific, flavored manifestations. We scrutinize this unique theoretical notion by testing, for a broad set of 58 different traits and related constructs, whether any predict how individuals weigh their own versus others’ utility in proactive allocation decisions (i.e., social value orientations) beyond D. These traits and constructs range from broad dimensions (e.g., agreeableness), to aversive traits (e.g., sadism) and beliefs (e.g., normlessness), to prosocial tendencies (e.g., compassion). In a large-scale longitudinal study involving the assessment of consequential choices (median N = 2,270; a heterogeneous adult community sample from Germany), results from several hundred latent model comparisons revealed that no meaningful incremental variance was explained beyond D. Thus, D alone is sufficient to represent the social preferences inherent in socially and ethically aversive personality traits.

Alternative entropies and consistent black hole thermodynamics

While the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the unique notion of entropy that makes classical black hole thermodynamics consistent, alternative entropy notions (Rényi, Tsallis, and generalized constructs) abound in the literature. We explore conditions under which they are part of a consistent horizon thermodynamics for certain classes of modified gravity black holes. We provide examples in which black hole masses and temperatures going hand-in-hand with these alternative entropies coincide with their usual counterparts associated with the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy.

Directed Data-Processing Inequalities for Systems with Feedback.

We present novel data-processing inequalities relating the mutual information and the directed information in systems with feedback. The internal deterministic blocks within such systems are restricted only to be causal mappings, but are allowed to be non-linear and time varying, and randomized by their own external random input, can yield any stochastic mapping. These randomized blocks can for example represent source encoders, decoders, or even communication channels. Moreover, the involved signals can be arbitrarily distributed. Our first main result relates mutual and directed information and can be interpreted as a law of conservation of information flow. Our second main result is a pair of data-processing inequalities (one the conditional version of the other) between nested pairs of random sequences entirely within the closed loop. Our third main result introduces and characterizes the notion of in-the-loop (ITL) transmission rate for channel coding scenarios in which the messages are internal to the loop. Interestingly, in this case the conventional notions of transmission rate associated with the entropy of the messages and of channel capacity based on maximizing the mutual information between the messages and the output turn out to be inadequate. Instead, as we show, the ITL transmission rate is the unique notion of rate for which a channel code attains zero error probability if and only if such an ITL rate does not exceed the corresponding directed information rate from messages to decoded messages. We apply our data-processing inequalities to show that the supremum of achievable (in the usual channel coding sense) ITL transmission rates is upper bounded by the supremum of the directed information rate across the communication channel. Moreover, we present an example in which this upper bound is attained. Finally, we further illustrate the applicability of our results by discussing how they make possible the generalization of two fundamental inequalities known in networked control literature.

Anaphoric Dependence and Logical Form

Abstract In the core chapters 4–6, Iacona (2018) argues against the “Uniqueness Thesis” (UT), stating that “there is a unique notion of logical form that fulfils both the logical role and the semantic role” (39), where the former “concerns the formal explanation of logical properties and logical relations, such as validity or contradiction” (37), and the latter “concerns the formulation of a compositional theory of meaning” (ibid.). He argues for this on the basis of relations of coreference among referential expressions, names and indexicals. From what I take to be a fundamental agreement on most relevant issues, here I will nonetheless press him to clarify the notions of intrinsicness and the logical and semantic role of logical form on which he relies.

Workplace Spirituality and Organisational Justice in Community Based Organization

Empirical studies on linking organisational spirituality and workplace outcomes in community-based business organisations is largely missing. By taking Mumbai Dabbawala Organisation (DBO) (India), as a case in point, the study highlights the role of workplace spirituality in creating a high performing work system with a unique notion of distributive justice. A well-developed spiritual workplace, such as DBO, have entirely different meaning of distributive justice, where individual level aggrandisement is replaced by larger group concerns. Workers tend to reciprocate and work towards achieving shared objective of larger societal good through their work. This research connects the distributive justice literature with workplace spirituality and argue that in community-based organisations integrating spirituality with work witness a higher commitment and performance levels of its workers.

Generalized curvature for certain Radon-like operators of intermediate dimension

This paper establishes $L^p$-improving estimates for a variety of Radon-like transforms which integrate functions over submanifolds of intermediate dimension. In each case, the results rely on a unique notion of curvature which relates to, but is distinct from, Phong-Stein rotational curvature. The results obtained are sharp up to the loss of endpoints. The methods used are a new adaptation of the familiar method of inflation developed by Christ and others. Unlike most previous instances of this method, the present application does not require any particular linear algebraic relations to hold for the dimension and codimension.

Typical Gaussian quantum information

We investigate different geometries and invariant measures on the space of mixed Gaussian quantum states. We show that when the global purity of the state is held fixed, these measures coincide and it is possible, within this constraint, to define a unique notion of volume on the space of mixed Gaussian states. We then use the so defined measure to study typical non-classical correlations of two mode mixed Gaussian quantum states, in particular entanglement and steerability. We show that under the purity constraint alone, typical values for symplectic invariants can be computed very elegantly, irrespectively of the non-compactness of the underlying state space. Then we consider finite volumes by constraining the purity and energy of the Gaussian state and compute typical values of quantum correlations numerically.

Constructing the Aesthetic Self of the Bhāgavata Purāṇa

The Bhāgavata Purāṇa combines Vedāntin philosophy, dramatic and aesthetic elements, and personal expressions in a unique manner. Moreover, it seems to be conveying a notion of selfhood or personhood which is unique and innovative for the Hindu tradition. This paper aims at uncovering this unique notion. It deconstructs the BhP by arguing for the amalgamation of the Rasa-aesthetic school with Vedānta. It then turns to the topic of personhood in the Hindu tradition; it raises the complexity of discussing personhood in the Indian context and discusses three notions of personhood which are ‘the Worldly Self of Mīmāṁsā’, the ‘Solitary Self of Sāṅkhya’, and the ‘Transcendental Self of Vedānta’. Having articulated these three notions, it highlights the notion of aesthetic personhood underlying the BhP. The paper goes further to differentiate notions of Vivarta from those of Pariṇāma, pointing out at the Pariṇāma worldview to be underlying the notion of aesthetic personhood of the BhP. At last and as an outcome of its main argument, it offers a sketch of ascending notions of aesthetic notions of personhood in the BhP.

존 클레어의 본향 찾기의 시학

This paper examines John Clare’s sense of place, refuting the traditional reading of Clare as a Schillerian “naive poet” whose descriptive poetics unselfconsciously erases the distance between the poetic subject and nature. Far from considering nature as an original, stable site of unity and identity, Clare looks to nature as a place of difference. Clare describes nature not as a comfortable place of belonging but as a discontinuous place, where both human and non-human subjects are exposed to the elemental and the hostile. Nevertheless, his detailed observation of non-human subjects helps him learn their art of dwelling that transforms displacement into a sense of belonging. He practices this art of dwelling in order to cope with displaced modern existence so that human subjects can resist the alienating power of modernism without being rigid or exclusive to others. His unique notion of home destabilizes the rigid boundary between the familiar and the strange and between presence and absence. Eventually, he presents the idea that we are “homeless at home,” which he regards as a condition for happy coexistence on earth. This notion of “being homeless at home” allows us to reflect on our contemporary situation by opening our home-place to the unexpected and the uncanny.

The emergence of aqueous chemiluminescence: new promising class of phenoxy 1,2-dioxetane luminophores.

The majority of known chemiluminescent compounds produce light through oxidation-dependent mechanisms. The unique notion of triggering chemiluminescence by a chemical reaction other than oxidation was first introduced by Schaap in 1987 with the development of chemically and enzymatically activated phenoxy-dioxetanes. Such dioxetanes are distinctive among chemiluminescent molecules since the oxidized high-energy species, the dioxetane, is stable for years at room temperature. Light emission is selectively activated by deprotection of the phenol-protecting group. The chemiluminescence quantum yields of such dioxetanes are relatively high in organic solvents like DMSO. In aqueous solution, however, light emission efficiency drops by approximately 10 000-fold due to energy loss to water molecules. As we sought to understand the low light emission efficiency in water, we realized that the dioxetane chemiexcitation leads to the release of an excited state benzoate molecule, which is a very weak emitter under aqueous conditions. Thus, we reasoned that emission in aqueous solution could be enhanced, if the emissive nature of the excited benzoate formed in water is improved. Introduction of an electron-withdrawing acrylic group at the ortho position of the phenol donor resulted in an excited benzoate species that emits light with high efficiency in aqueous solutions. A striking 3000-fold increase in chemiluminescence emission was observed by simply using an acrylonitrile substituent on the dioxetane probe. For the first time, scientists now have an effective single-entity chemiluminescent probe that can be used to evaluate biological processes. This discovery promoted us to develop numerous highly efficient chemiluminescent probes for detection of different enzymes and analytes in aqueous solution. We anticipate that further studies in this direction will lead to even better chemiluminescence probes with quantum yield emissions that are even higher than that of the luciferin/luciferase system. In this Feature Article, we describe the insights that led us to develop these unprecedented luminophores and the historical perspective that led to the current generation of chemiluminescent phenoxy-dioxetane probes.

The PRC Contract Law and its Unique Notion of Subrogation

This paper briefly introduces a recent history of the development of the Chinese contract law. It then analyses various specific contract law issues including formation of the contract, liability for breach of contract and the notion of subrogation. This paper finds that PRCs contract law presents a hybrid version with key concepts from both Common law tradition and the Civil law tradition. This hybrid is however unique in the way of enforcing contracting parties rights/obligations in many contract matters. Unfortunately, without a proper case recording system in the jurisdiction, the unique Chinese legal method is somehow difficult to solve complex contract issues. This paper then argues further that there is a need to update the current system in the law of contract, particular in dealing with the right of subrogation.

Experience and the Absolute other

AbstractIn Experience and the Absolute (2004) and other works, Jean‐Yves Lacoste develops a phenomenology of a way of life he calls “liturgy,” in which one refuses one's being‐in‐the‐world in favor of a more basic form of existence he calls “being‐before‐God.” In this essay I argue that if there is indeed such a thing as being‐before‐God, Lacoste has not sufficiently considered the possibility that it is characterized in part by a disturbance of one's being‐in‐the‐world similar to, or perhaps even identical with, the disruptive encounter with the human other that constitutes the self as responsible according to Levinas's unique notion of ethics. Lacoste's dismissal of Levinas, evidently based on a misunderstanding of what Levinas means by the word “ethics,” leads him to overlook the potential relevance of Levinas's ideas to his phenomenological project at a number of significant points in his work.

Entailment Relations on Distributions

In this paper we give an overview of partial orders on the space of probability distributions that carry a notion of information content and serve as a generalisation of the Bayesian order given in (Coecke and Martin, 2011). We investigate what constraints are necessary in order to get a unique notion of information content. These partial orders can be used to give an ordering on words in vector space models of natural language meaning relating to the contexts in which words are used, which is useful for a notion of entailment and word disambiguation. The construction used also points towards a way to create orderings on the space of density operators which allow a more fine-grained study of entailment. The partial orders in this paper are directed complete and form domains in the sense of domain theory.

Henry Bugbee, Wilderness, and the Omnirelevance of the Ten-Thousand Things

In his philosophical journal The Inward Morning, Henry Bugbee appeals to the Daodejing to derive principles, particularly that of ziran, of “self-soing,” by which one is guided in thinking heedfully. In this way, one is called reflexively into responsibility for and by things in what Bugbee terms their “density” and “omnirelevance.” Through Bugbee’s unique notion of wilderness as “emergent togetherness,” the periodicity and fluency cultivated in ecological contemplation refines the practice of natural history, such that it is attuned to the manner in which one is called to be at home and so ecologically responsive among the ten-thousand things.

Strategy and Structure Follow Technology

IntroductionThompson (1967) has taken much interest in his unique concepts, such as the technical core (Shimizu, 2010). However, his book's overall assertions are difficult to understand, and not much focus has been placed on them. The book comprises two parts, one and two, without any titles. This study reconfigures one in its entirety as a theoretical study of Strategy and Structure (Chandler, 1962). 1 Chandler advocated the proposition that follows when discussing growth and multidivisional forms, but Thompson rightfully proposed that strategy and structure follow in essence.Technical CorePeople find organizations in non-random, planned, and reasonable/rational actions. Organizations in Action is the appropriate title. This pioneering idea by Thompson is also linked with Weick's (1979) notion of organizing (Takahashi, 2009). In other words, Thompson's unique notion of the organization is open system subject to the criteria of (Thompson, 1967, p. 11).The non-random and planned actions are based on technologies. Technical rationality is evaluated according to (a) instrumental criteria and (b) economic criteria, where (b) economic criteria are considered after (a) instrumental criteria have been met. Since (a) instrumental criteria are primarily important (Thompson, 1967, pp. 14-15), we first consider (a) instrumental rationality.A purposive organization must have core technologies for achieving goals at its core. The existence of these core technologies generates a type of homeostasis or self-stabilization. Complex organizations are formed to operate technologies that would be impossible for each individual to operate (Thompson, 1967, p. 15).Open systems that follow these rational criteria have three levels, as noted by Parsons (1960, chap. 2): technical, managerial, and institutional. At the institutional level, open systems exist as a part of broader social systems; however, at the technical level-which is the lowest-technical rationality is pursued as a closed system by eliminating uncertain variables from the technical core as much as possible (Thompson, 1967, p. 11).Direction of Expansion of OrganizationsAn organization usually has only some core technologies within its domain and never possess all core technologies. Thus, organizations are not self-sufficient (Thompson, 1967, p. 26). Simultaneously with these deficiencies, an organization also has excess unused resources. As an organization grows, the direction of growth is not random. Excesses and deficiencies orientate organization's growth or growth strategy.Three dimensions of domainThe following three dimensions determine organizational domain (Thompson, 1967, p. 40).21. Technology included2. Population served3. Services renderedEach of these three dimensions of organizational domain correspond to the following examples of instrumental criteria for technology (Thompson, 1967, pp. 15-18).31. Serial interdependence, as conceived by scientific management42. Standardization, as conceived in a bureaucracy3. Specialization, as conceived in administrative theoryAn organization grows to set organizational boundaries around activities that would be crucial contingencies (Proposition 4.1).5 This provides the following subpropositions.1. When continuous reciprocal interdependence is high, a domain expands such that the technology in it expands through vertical integration (Proposition 4.1a).2. When standardization occurs, a domain expands by increasing the population that is receiving a service (Proposition 4.1b).3. When specialization occurs, a domain expands by taking on clients6 (Proposition 4.1c).In other words, an organization grows along the three dimensions of organizational domain corresponding with the instrumental criteria of technology, thereby leading to a clear orientation in organizational growth and emergence of growth strategy. …