Unique ID Research Articles

Is the Disposition Effect in Bonds As Strong As in Stocks? Evidence From an Emerging Market

Does the disposition effect appear in bond trades as in stocks?. We apply the Odean’s measure (1998) to a proprietary transaction database with unique investor ids from an emerging market exchange that holds both stock and bond trading. We find some disposition effect in treasuries, but much lower than in stocks, and a positive relation between the two measures by investor. In addition, we find a significant disposition effect for local individuals and family offices, in both markets. In contrast, long-term institutions, brokerage firms, and foreign investors do not exhibit this bias. The bias is negatively correlated to trader experience and sophistication in both markets. This is the first study to report evidence of the disposition effect in a fixed-income market.

Interactive web mapping of 90 Years of Fire History Across South Australia

Abstract. Fire is a significant part of South Australian history and integral to the state’s ecosystems. Small prescribed fires are an essential part of ecosystem management and health. However, large, uncontrollable bushfires during South Australia’s hot, dry summers often cause loss of property, damage to the environment and fatalities. An awareness of this fire history enables effective management and encourages residents to better prepare for catastrophic fire events. The South Australian Country Fire Service provides data on the burn extents of more than 5500 prescribed and accidental fire events across the state from 1931 to 2018. This work presents the development of an open-source interactive web mapping tool, allowing residents, managers, and other map users to intuitively explore the state’s fire history without the need for advanced software and skills. This web map application aims to clearly show the state’s complex fire history at any zoom level from the entire state to a medium sized rural property. To clearly symbolise areas with extensive fire history, events are shown as both polygons and centroid points. Points are symbolised using scale dependant clustering with cluster symbols including counts. This communicates both the number of fires and the extent of area burnt for regions of interest at all zoom levels. Statistics for the state’s fire districts are also portrayed using a choropleth symbology. Popups provide further information on all point and polygon data. All processing is done by the browser, with GeoJSON polygon geometry simplified and tiled using the geojson-vt library to ensure a responsive experience. Whilst resulting in a large initial download and requiring a mid-range PC for display this approach means data can be freely provided on static hosting with very little pre-upload processing required. Fire data can thus easily be updated as new incidents occur. To allow responsive filtering of the over 5500 fire features an index system is implemented, using indices calculated both when data is loaded and on the fly in response to interface changes. The unique IDs given features within the fire GeoJSON are assigned to their leaflet layer representation. Lists of IDs of all features returning true when toggles are set to true are created on data load using a combination of the filter and map functions. Similar lists are created on the fly based on the status of range inputs. Intersect, union and difference functions are implemented using the Set data type allowing fast comparisons between filter results, visible, and not visible features to determine specific features to be shown or hidden. This index system is utilised to provide a time series animation and a range of dual handle slider and checkbox interface elements allowing comprehensive data exploration based on event type, size, season, and year. When data is filtered by individual decade a textual historic summary of the decade is also displayed. The visualisation performs well on mid to high end desktop computers and thus demonstrates the potential client-side web technology has for providing comprehensive and accessible data exploration.

Collecting reliable training data to extract tourism strolling behaviour from smartphone GPS logs during walking

Collecting reliable training data to extract tourism strolling behaviour from smartphone GPS logs during walking

An Arduino-Based RFID Platform for Animal Research

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been broadly applied in the biological sciences to yield new insights into behavior, cognition, population biology, and distributions. RFID systems entail wireless communication between small tags that, when stimulated by an appropriate radio frequency transmission, emit a weak, short-range wireless signal that conveys a unique ID number. These tags, which often operate without a battery, can be attached to animals such that their presence at a particular location can be detected by an RFID reader. This paper describes an RFID data-logging system that can serve as the core for a wide variety of field and laboratory applications for monitoring the activities of individual animals. The core electronics are modeled on an Arduino circuit board, which is a hobbyist electronics system. Users can customize the hardware and software to accommodate their needs. We demonstrate the utility of the system with cursory descriptions of three real-world research applications. The first is a large-scale deployment that was used to examine individual breeding behaviors across four local populations of Wood Ducks. The second application employed an array of RFID-enabled bird feeders that allowed for tests of spatial cognition. Third, we describe a nest-box monitoring system that both records visits from breeding birds and administers experimental treatments, such as increasing temperature or playing audio recordings, in accordance to the presence/absence of individual birds. With these examples we do not attempt to relate details with regard to research findings; rather our intent is to demonstrate some of the possibilities enabled by our low-cost RFID system. Detailed descriptions, design files, and code are made available by means of the Open Science Framework.

Ovarian function after the use of various hemostatic techniques during treatment for endometrioma: protocol for a randomized clinical trial

BackgroundLaparoscopic cystectomy is currently considered the gold standard for the treatment of ovarian endometrioma, resulting in an improvement in symptoms, a lower recurrence rate, and a higher pregnancy rate among infertile patients. However, this treatment is not free from risk, since it is associated with a reduction in ovarian reserve. There is still controversy in the literature regarding whether the cause of the reduction in ovarian reserve is due to damage caused by the coagulation energy during hemostasis or whether the procedure itself is the cause of the damage irrespective of the hemostatic method used. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different hemostatic methods on the ovarian function of women subjected to laparoscopic surgery for ovarian endometrioma.MethodsAn open-label randomized clinical trial to be conducted at the Lauro Wanderley University Hospital between December 2017 and August 2020. Eighty-four patients will be randomly allocated to three groups according to the hemostatic technique used during laparoscopic surgery for ovarian endometrioma: bipolar coagulation; laparoscopic suture; and hemostatic matrix. Ovarian function will be assessed by serum anti-Müllerian hormone measurement and by performing an antral follicle count using ultrasound before surgery and one, three, and six months after surgery. The internal review board of the Medical Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba approved the study protocol under reference CAAE 71621717.9.0000.8069.DiscussionBearing in mind the need for more randomized clinical trials to clarify this issue, we hope to contribute with data that will determine whether there is any difference between hemostatic methods despite the rational use of bipolar energy or whether the procedure itself explains the ovarian damage irrespective of the hemostatic technique used.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NTC03430609. Registered on XX.10/31/2017.ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN11469394. Registered on XX.17/12/2017.Unique Protocol ID: U1111–1203-2508.

Cavernous angiomas: deconstructing a neurosurgical disease.

Cavernous angioma (CA) is also known as cavernoma, cavernous hemangioma, and cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) (National Library of Medicine Medical Subject heading unique ID D006392). In its sporadic form, CA occurs as a solitary hemorrhagic vascular lesion or as clustered lesions associated with a developmental venous anomaly. In its autosomal dominant familial form (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man #116860), CA is caused by a heterozygous germline loss-of-function mutation in one of three genes-CCM1/KRIT1, CCM2/Malcavernin, and CCM3/PDCD10-causing multifocal lesions throughout the brain and spinal cord.In this paper, the authors review the cardinal features of CA's disease pathology and clinical radiological features. They summarize key aspects of CA's natural history and broad elements of evidence-based management guidelines, including surgery. The authors also discuss evidence of similar genetic defects in sporadic and familial lesions, consequences of CCM gene loss in different tissues at various stages of development, and implications regarding the pathobiology of CAs.The concept of CA with symptomatic hemorrhage (CASH) is presented as well as its relevance to clinical care and research in the field. Pathobiological mechanisms related to CA include inflammation and immune-mediated processes, angiogenesis and vascular permeability, microbiome driven factors, and lesional anticoagulant domains. These mechanisms have motivated the development of imaging and plasma biomarkers of relevant disease behavior and promising therapeutic targets.The spectrum of discoveries about CA and their implications endorse CA as a paradigm for deconstructing a neurosurgical disease.

Luomus’ Genomic Resources Collection Available as Open Data Through FinBIF

There is an increasing demand for high-quality genetic samples for biodiversity research as the techniques are rapidly developing and the costs are decreasing. The Finnish Museum of Natural History Luomus, an independent research institute within the University of Helsinki holding and developing the national natural history collections, has joined the Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN; http://www.ggbn.org/ggbn_portal/) and established a Genomic Resources Collection (GRC) in 2018. In March 2019, the Luomus GRC comprised 2500 DNA extractions and 4000 vertebrate tissue samples amassed in approximately the last 10 years. The DNA extractions are mainly of lichens, polypores, beetles, flies, molluscs and crustaceans of worldwide origin, reflecting the focal organism groups of research groups in Luomus. The deep-frozen tissue samples are mostly of Finnish birds and mammals, as accessions of vertebrate specimens acquired to Luomus’ collections are sampled. High-quality whole-genome DNA extracts will also be prepared. We expect the GRC to increase rapidly in numbers of samples within the coming years. Furthermore, the collection will also serve the many active research groups in the Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences of the University of Helsinki. The GRC collection follows the best practices of the Global Genome Biodiversity Network (GGBN) concerning long-term storage and physical quality of samples, and international agreements (the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Nagoya Protocol, CITES) as regards the legitimacy of the samples. The GRC samples are always cross-linked with the taxonomically identified and georeferenced voucher specimen from which it is separated. Each GRC sample gets a Unique Resource Identifier HTTP-URI, which is a derivative of the unique specimen ID used in Luomus’ Collection Management System (CMS) ‘Kotka’. The sample tubes are cryolabelled with the QR code on the lid of the tube. The voucher specimens are deposited in Luomus’ collections or in another international public repository. The data on the GRC samples form part of the Open Data distributed through the Finnish Biodiversity Information Facility FinBIF species.fi (Data policy: https://laji.fi/en/about/960), and will be made searchable at the web portal in 2019. The specific database functions to meet the needs of Luomus’ GRC are developed by Luomus’ Biodiversity Informatics Unit and implemented in Kotka. We have already implemented part of the database tools to manage the compliance with the Nagoya protocol. The tool for registering material transactions (donations / loans) makes use of the Application Programming Interface (API) provided by the Access and Benefit Sharing Clearing House (ABS-CH) and includes links to the ABS-CH webpage (https://absch.cbd.int/). The ABS-CH shows the contact person or organization details of the provider country, and the country-specific requirements for access to genetic resources, when present. The necessary information and documentation (letter of Prior Informed Consent, Mutually Agreed Terms, Material Transaction Agreement, and other permits) are linked from the material transactions to the relevant specimens.

Lessons Learned from Managing Millions of Records to Create the World Flora Online

In 2013, the World Flora Online (WFO) Consortium Council decided to use version 1.1 of the The Plant List (TPL) to initially populate the WFO taxonomic backbone. TPL is a collaboration between the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Missouri Botanical Garden and other stakeholders to create a comprehensive list of Vascular plant (flowering plants, conifers, ferns and their allies) and of Bryophytes (mosses and liverworts). By combining multiple checklist held by these institutions, TPL 1.1 contained 1,064,035 scientific plant names of species rank, 350,699 of which were accepted species names. TPL provides the Accepted Latin names linked to Synonyms by which that species has been known. It also includes Unresolved names for which the contributing data sources did not contain sufficient evidence to decide whether they were Accepted or Synonyms. Fortunately, TPL keeps track of the provenance of names and links back to the International Plant Names Index (IPNI) repository. This provenance trace has proven crucial when giving proper credit, as well as implementing a reliable curating process in WFO that supports the incorporation of potential new content, updates and further improvements contributed by the source. We will see some examples in WFO where duplication of names is originated from combining different providers and different sources, but also cases where duplication was caused within the same provider and even within a single source. The WFO Council also decided to adopt the software used by eMonocot.org to display and harvest the information of plants. This decision made it possible to take advantage of the efforts previously done by the Monocots group in using already defined standards and existing tools to create and validate the input files harvested. Unfortunately, no technical documentation nor support was available for the eMonocot software and adapting the software code was not an option then. Therefore, a process of reverse engineering was implemented to determine what input was expected, which harvested values were actually stored in the database and what impact, if any, they could have on the Portal function. For example, the eMonocot software always harvests content under a particular hierarchy where an authority, in this case corresponding to a family taxon, holds ownership of the taxa underneath. We will explain how this may become an issue when incorporating new endemic taxa. To ensure a convenient quality control, processes of validation and data curation were implemented. WFO assigns a unique ID to each name in its taxonomic backbone. The guarantee of uniqueness and permanence of such IDs is essential to support a process of cumulative improvement. To obtain this ID, a tool that matches Names was developed, allowing providers to contribute revisions to the taxonomy and descriptive content associated to a taxon. The origin of changes needs to be considered when tracing and correcting errors, implementing modifications or rolling back them later. A report about the result of requested changes in the taxonomy needs to be approved by the provider before any actual change is implemented in the taxonomic backbone. Programmatically, any process that performs quality assessment or makes data modifications must be implemented as parameterized algorithms to allow replication of the process whenever new or updated data is available from the source. Single-use scripts are quick but not very scalable. Finally, having defined a schema to use when providing content doesn’t necessarily imply that the values provided in each field are correct. Even with standardized values, the semantics associated could cause unforeseen behavior in the process implemented by the software. When possible, an additional step was required to convert harvested data from different localized vocabularies for standardized fields. Examples in Portuguese and Turkish will be given.

Information Security Of Estonia: Experience For Ukraine

The article deals with features of information security in the Republic of Estonia. It is noted that the main factors that have helped to increase the level of information security in Estonia are the developed information infrastructure, effective cybersecurity policy and reliable protection of personal data. Cybersecurity depends on a combination of cybercrime, provision of critical infrastructure and e-services, and national defense.
 In the area of personal data protection, it is reasonable to create a private data market where companies and researchers propose to submit a date of use and license / lease / sale related to offers or license, lease, sell or withdraw their data from use.
 Analyzing the experience of the Republic of Estonia in information security, there are several factors that have become the basis for the creation of a secure information environment. First, only a comprehensive information policy enables the security of enterprises, institutions, organizations and the state as a whole.
 Secondly, Estonia has made every effort to ensure cybersecurity (as a component of information security) and has created favorable conditions for the arrival of foreign IT companies with significant capital and innovation.
 Third, in the context of information security, considerable attention in Estonia is given to the protection and use of personal data, which is carried out as transparently as possible, using digital signatures and encrypted messages.
 Practical recommendations for Ukraine’s acquisition of Estonia’s information security experience are provided. We believe that raising the level of information security will help a number of the following activities: 1) Create a working group with the involvement of international experts to develop the concept of information security and regulatory support for its activities 2) Ensure the creation of a single national electronic information resource in the concept of information security. 3) Enter a unique national ID for the individual. 4) Create a single secure web portal for electronic services with the possibility of creating electronic offices of individuals for receiving administrative services. Keywords: information security, cybersecurity, information infrastructure, personal data.

Metadata filtering for user-friendly centralized biometric authentication

While biometric authentication for commercial use so far mainly has been used for local device unlock use cases, there are great opportunities for using it also for central authentication such as for remote login. However, many current biometric sensors like for instance mobile fingerprint sensors have too large false acceptance rate (FAR) not allowing them, for security reasons, to be used in larger user group for central identification purposes. A straightforward way to avoid this FAR problem is to either request a user unique identifier such as a device identifier or require the user to enter a unique user ID prior to making the biometric matching. Usage of a device identifier does not work when a user desires to authenticate on a previously unused device of a generic type. Furthermore, requiring the user at each login occasion to enter a unique user ID, is not at all user-friendly. To avoid this problem, we in this paper investigate an alternative, most user-friendly approach, for identification in combination with biometric-based authentication using metadata filtering. An evaluation of the adopted approach is carried out using realistic simulations of the Swedish population to assess the feasibility of the proposed system. The results show that metadata filtering in combination with traditional biometric-based matching is indeed a powerful tool for providing reliable, and user-friendly, central authentication services for large user groups.

Understanding Socio-Cultural Factors related to Obesity: Sentiment Analysis on related Tweets

ObjectiveWe aim to better understand socio-cultural factors (i.e., attitudes or perceptions of cultural groups) associated with food consumption and weight loss via sentiment analysis on tweets, short messages from Twitter.IntroductionObesity can lead to the death of at least 2.8 million people each year1, yet the rate of obesity around the world has continuously increased over the past 30 years1. Societal changes, including increased food consumption and decreased physical activity, have been determined as two of the main drivers behind the current obesity pandemic2. Examining socio-cultural factors (i.e., attitudes or perceptions of cultural groups)3 associated with food consumption and weight loss can provide important insights to guide effective interventions and a novel surveillance approach to characterize population obesity trends from sociological perspectives. The primary goal of this study is to examine socio-cultural factors associated with food consumption and weight loss by conducting sentiment analysis on related online chatters. The secondary goal is to discuss the potential implications of being exposed to these different chatters in the online environment. Scientific evidence in support of using social media to understand socio-cultural factors and its potential implications can be illustrated in two concise assertions. First, online chatters, including discussions on social media, have been shown to be an effective data source for understanding public interests4,5. Second, prolonged participation in social media has been suggested to have impacts on users6–8.MethodsIn this study, we examined Twitter (www.twitter.com), a highly popular, free-to-use, micro-blogging social media platform that can instantly broadcast short messages to the world. These short messages are called Tweets and we collected weight loss related and food consumption related Tweets using Python library called Tweepy9. We used hashtags from a previous study10, including #weightloss, #diet, #fitness, and #health for collecting weight loss related tweets. Similarly, we used #Food, #FoodPorn, and #Foodie to collect food consumption related tweets. We then used a rule-based model called Vader11, a sentiment analysis tool (i.e., computational process of categorizing sentiment) developed for social media text, to measure tweets’ sentiment. We used the compound score, which is a normalized and weighted composite score that ranges from -1.0 (most negative) to 1.0 (most positive). Lastly, we conducted independent sample t-test to compare the sentiments of two types of tweets.ResultsWe collected 81,535 (from 41,436 unique user ID) weight loss related tweets from August 30th to September 2nd of 2018 and 86,277 (from 36,977 unique user ID) food consumption related Tweets from August 28th to September 2nd of 2018. The mean sentiment score for weight loss related tweets was 0.17 (sample standard deviation: 0.39), whereas the mean sentiment for food consumption related Tweets was more positive, scoring 0.26 with sample standard deviation of 0.34. The independent sample t-test suggests that the sentiment difference between the two types of tweets is statistically significant (t=52.10, p < .001). However, it is important note that the mean sentiment for both types of tweets was in the positive range.ConclusionsWe present preliminary findings concerning socio-cultural factors associated with food consumption and weight loss within twitter chatters. Our initial results suggest that individuals expressed more positive sentiment when tweeting about food consumption than when tweeting about weight loss. The results not only reflect the social norms of social media, Twitter in this particular study, but also suggest how social media can indirectly promote more food consumption over weight loss via social norms theory12 and how online social norms can reach individual members. This is especially important for young adults, the main demographic user group for social media13, as they develop lasting health related habits and behaviors. Although in its infancy, our research suggests that online sociocultural environment could be a potential socio-environmental risk factor for obesity. The next step is to utilize the findings to create online sociocultural environment that can promote the healthy choices.

Using a multiplexed immunofluorescence approach to compare immune cell populations in subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer.

e20702 Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 80-85% of all lung cancer cases, and is characterized by a poor response to chemotherapy and a low survival rate. While immunotherapy has recently emerged as a successful approach in the treatment of NSCLC patients only 20-25% of patients show a positive response to anti-PD/PDL1 therapy, stressing the urgent need for additional immunotherapy options. NSCLC is a very heterogeneous disease with the two most common types being adenocarcinoma (ADCA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). While a study using flow cytometry to analyze NSCLC on protein level reported the immune cell composition to be fundamentally different in ADCA compared with SCC (Daraselia et al. Am J Cancer Res, 2012 2(1):93), to the best of our knowledge this study will be the first of its kind performing an extensive analysis of NSCLS immune cell composition in tissue. Methods: In order to perform this comprehensive immunoprofiling of the NSCLC subtypes ADCA and SCC we will be using MultiOmyx™, an immunofluorescence (IF) multiplexing assay with similar staining characteristics as standard IHC stains but with the significant advantage that up to 60 protein biomarkers can be interrogated from a single FFPE section. Proprietary cell segmentation algorithms generate unique IDs for every cell and deep learning based cell classification algorithms then identify positive cells for each biomarker. Results: Using a 16-marker panel consisting of CD3, CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD20, CD68, CD163, CD15, PD1, PDL1, ICOS, OX40, LAG-3, TIM-3, and PanCK we will analyze the proportion of B cells, T cell subtypes, M1/M2-type tumor-associated macrophages, as well as the expression of PD1/PDL1, in addition to novel immunotherapy targets LAG3, TIM3, ICOS, and OX40 in 20 samples from patients with NSCLC (10 ADCA and 10 SCC). Finally, from the same FFPE blocks that we will use to profile the immune cell composition on protein level we will also be extracting DNA/RNA in order to perform T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, which will provide additional information on the diversity of T cells present in these tumors. Conclusions: It is our hope that these data will help provide new insights into the biology of ADCA and SCC that can ultimately be used to explore novel immunotherapeutic interventions for lung cancer treatment.

Security Analysis of Grr Rapid Response Network using COBIT 5 Framework

Connection from the Internet is required to always be maintained under any conditions, but not always connectivity will run smoothly, lots of crowds or problems that require connections do not run smoothly. Application of security systems to overcome all problems and difficulties, both technical and non-technical which can affect system performance. GRR Rapid Response is the answer to internet network security. GRR asks for a client-server model, agents installed on the machine (client) to be able to communicate with the Grr server to access and provide unique client IDs. After setting this active and running, the server can send a request to the client who collects information, and the client sends a response to the request. After Grr is made, it is necessary to do a system evaluation and evaluation. The COBIT 5 framework is a good standard for determining the level of maturity of network security. The maturity level obtained is 2.899 can be decided at an institutional maturity level defined. The level of support the institution has agreed to, supports and supports all activities related to network security.

A device binding method based on content illumination pattern in public display environments.

Digital public displays installed in various locations provide valuable information for the passers-by. However, the static characteristic of the digital public display limits the consumption of the displayed content to a small area. Personal mobile devices such as smartphones are now capable of interacting with digital public displays, which enables the passers-by to “take-away” the content and consume it on-the-go. This process requires device binding, content selection, and transfer between the two devices. In this paper, we propose a device binding method which utilizes the content brightness changing pattern as a unique content ID on the public display and an illuminance sensor on the mobile to bind and transfer between two devices. We conducted performance evaluations for binding algorithm robustness in different conditions. Also comparative studies among other binding interaction methods were conducted. Our results show that our proposed method performed stably across the various conditions and overall performance in interaction completion time and error rate was similar or superior to the existing methods.

Design of a Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of tissue-engineered osteogenic materials using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells for Maxillomandibular bone defects in Japan: the TEOM study protocol

BackgroundMaxillomandibular bone defects arise from maxillofacial injury or tumor/cyst removal. While the standard therapy for bone regeneration is transplantation with autologous bone or artificial bone, these therapies are still unsatisfactory. Autologous bone harvesting is invasive and occasionally absorbed at the implanted site. The artificial bone takes a long time to ossify and it often gets infected. Therefore, we have focused on regenerative therapy consisting of autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells (BM-MSCs), which decreases the burden on patients. Based on our previous research in patients with maxillomandibular bone defects or alveolar bone atrophy using a mixture of BM-MSCs, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), thrombin, and calcium, we confirmed the efficacy and acceptable safety profile of this treatment. In this investigator-initiated clinical study (the TEOM study), we intended to add β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) owing to large defect with patients. The TEOM study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bone regeneration using mixtures of BM-MSCs in patients with bone defects resulting from maxillofacial injury, and tumor/cyst removal in the maxillomandibular region.MethodsThe TEOM study is an open-label, single-center, randomized controlled study involving a total of 83 segments by the Fédération Dentaire Internationale numbering system in maxillomandibular bone defects that comprise over 1/3 of the maxillomandibular area with a remaining bone height of ≤10 mm. The primary endpoint is rate of procedure sites with successful bone regeneration defined as a computed tomography (CT) value of more than 400 and a bone height of more than 10 mm. Our specific hypothesis is that the number of required regions was calculated assuming that the rate of procedure sites with successful bone regeneration is similar and the non-inferiority margin is 15.0%.DiscussionThe TEOM study is the first randomized controlled study of regenerative treatment using BM-MSCs for large maxillomandibular bone defects. We will evaluate the efficacy and safety in this study to provide an exploratory basis for the necessity of BM-MSCs for these patients.Trial registrationThis trial was registered at the University Hospital Medical information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR Unique ID: UMIN000020398; Registration Date: Jan 15, 2016; URL: https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000016543).

OR22-4 Recurrent Hypoglycemia, Fragmentation of Care, and Mortality in Chicago

Hypoglycemia is an acute complication of diabetes management that has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality. In this study, we analyzed whether recurrent hypoglycemia is related to fragmentation of care. The Chicago HealthLNK Data Repository (HDR) consists of merged, de-duplicated and de-identified electronic health records from 6 institutions and employs a hashing and matching algorithm to create a unique ID for each patient (pt) so that pt care can be tracked across different institutions without sharing protected health information. The HDR contains pt demographic and clinical information. Hypoglycemia was identified using a validated algorithm using ICD-9 codes. Fragmentation was defined as an emergency department or inpatient hypoglycemia encounter at >1 institution over the 7-year study period 2006-2012. Of 187,644 patients (pts) with a diabetes diagnosis (250.x), 9,741 (5.2%) pts were identified as having hypoglycemia, representing 18,443 unique encounters, with a mortality rate of 27.7%. 1,035 pts (10.6% of all pts with hypoglycemia) had ≥ 4 hypoglycemic encounters and accounted for 40.3% (n=7,434) of all hypoglycemia encounters. Having any hypoglycemia was associated with race (p<0.001), younger age (p <0.001), and insurance status (p<0.001). Of the 9,741 pts with hypoglycemia, 304 (3.1%) had fragmented care. In 1,035 pts with ≥4 hypoglycemia encounters, 96 pts (9.3%) had fragmented care, and in 1822 pts with 2-3 hypoglycemia encounters, 208 (11.4%) had fragmented care (p=0.074). Hypoglycemic pts with fragmented care relative to those with non-fragmented care had a higher percentage of Medicare (57.9% vs 46% p < 0.001), Medicaid (16.8% vs 9.3% p < 0.001), and self-pay (11.5% vs 4.6% p <0.001). Pts with any hypoglycemia (N=9,741) had greater mortality (2,696 deaths, 27.7%) than those without any hypoglycemia (20,188 deaths, 11.4%, p < 0.00001). In comparing those with ≥ 4 episodes vs 2-3, those with ≥ 4 episodes had fewer complications (39.7% vs. 54.3% p < 0.001) and less mortality (16.0% vs. 30.6% p <0.001). Limitations of this study include use of EHR data and a previously validated algorithm that may misclassify diagnoses/encounters. Overall, hypoglycemia was associated with increased mortality. Pts who had ≥ 4 hypoglycemic encounters represented only 10.6% of patients with hypoglycemic encounters, but accounted for 40.3% of all hypoglycemic encounters, therefore likely contributing to higher healthcare costs. Increased frequency of hypoglycemia encounters was not associated with fragmentation of care. Our findings need to be validated in other large data sets.

Lights4Violence: a quasi-experimental educational intervention in six European countries to promote positive relationships among adolescents

BackgroundPreventing intimate partner violence or dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health priority due to its magnitude and damaging short and long-term consequences for adolescent and adult health. In our study protocol, we complement prior experiences in DV prevention by promoting protective factors (or assets) against gender violence such as communication skills, empathy and problem-solving capability through “Cinema Voice”, a participatory educational intervention based on adolescents’ strengths to tackle DV.Methods/designA longitudinal quasi-experimental educational intervention addressed to boys and girls ages 13–17 years, enrolled in secondary education schools in Alicante (Spain), Rome (Italy), Cardiff (UK), Iasi (Romania), Poznan (Poland) and Matosinhos (Portugal). Both process and results evaluations will be carried out with 100–120 intervention and 120–150 control group students per city at three time periods: before, after and 6 months after the implementation of the following interventions: 1) Training seminar with teachers to promote knowledge and skills on the core issues of intervention; 2) Workshops with intervention groups, where participants produce their own digital content presenting their perspective on DV; and 3) Short film exhibitions with participants, their families, authorities and other stakeholders with the objective of share the results and engage the community. Outcome measures are self-perceived social support, machismo, sexism, tolerance towards gender violence, social problem-solving and assertiveness as well as involvement in bullying/cyberbullying. Other socio-demographic, attitudes and violence-related co-variables were also included.DiscussionThis study may provide relevant information about the effectiveness of educational interventions that combine a positive youth development framework with educational awareness about the importance of achieving gender equality and preventing and combating gender violence. To our knowledge, this is the first study that involves six European countries in an educational intervention to promote violence protective assets among enrolled adolescents in secondary schools. This study may provide the needed tools to replicate the experience in other contexts and other countries.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT03411564. Unique Protocol ID: 776905. Date registered: 18-01-2018.

Self-stabilizing algorithm for two disjoint minimal dominating sets

We propose a new self stabilizing algorithm to compute two mutually disjoint minimal dominating sets in an arbitrary graph G with no isolates (this is always possible due to famous Ore's theorem in [1] that says “In a graph having no isolated nodes, the complement of any minimal dominating set is a dominating set”). We use an unfair central daemon and unique ids of the nodes. The time complexity of our algorithm is O(n3), an improvement by a factor of n from that of [2], that uses same assumptions to design an O(n4) algorithm, where n is the number of nodes in G. The algorithm uses the concept of running two copies of an algorithm in an interleaving manner such that the state spaces of the two copies are always kept mutually disjoint. We expect our approach will prove useful in designing algorithms for other mutually disjoint predicates in a network graph.

The Court Records of Wschowa (1495–1526). Digital Edition

The article proposes a new method of source edition presented on the example of the first Wschowa court book. The book comprises the entries from the end of the 15th and the beginnings of the 16th century and amounts to nearly 200 sheets of the manuscript. The essence of the method is presentation of the source itself and the effects of work of the authors on the three interconnected layers: scan of the book, two attribute tables, and GIS map. The edition was elaborated with use of the INDXr application. The process of elaboration involved adding two layers to the digitised facsimile of the manuscript. The layers correspond to the two aforementioned tables in the database, which are the key part of the edition. The table of entries contains their list along some basic information on each of them (unique ID, the page scope, heading, date, comments) and a full reading of chosen entries. The second one – index table – contains the personal and geographical names as well as key terms indexes. The key terms are given in their source form, the names were normalised and geographical places were matched with ID keys connecting them with a database of Poland’s settlement network in the 16th century, which together enabled filtering and browsing the information. Such a method of presentation of the source content appears particularly useful in dissemination of the mass sources, which are the medieval and early modern court books.

Rational “Error Elimination” Approach to Evaluating Molecular Barcoded Next-Generation Sequencing Data Identifies Low-Frequency Mutations in Hematologic Malignancies

The emergence of highly sensitive molecular diagnostic approaches, such as droplet digital PCR, has allowed the accurate identification of low-frequency variant alleles in clinical specimens; however, the multiplex capabilities of droplet digital PCR for variant detection are inadequate. The incorporation of molecular barcodes or unique IDs into next-generation sequencing libraries through PCR has enabled the detection of low-frequency variant alleles across multiple genomic regions. However, rational library preparation and sequencing data analytic strategies that integrate molecular barcodes have rarely been applied to clinical settings. In this study, we evaluated the parameters that are crucial in the use of molecular barcodes in next-generation sequencing for genotyping clinical specimens from patients with hematologic malignancies. The uniform incorporation of molecular barcodes into DNA templates through PCR was found to be crucial, and the extent of uniformity was governed by multiple interdependent variables. An error elimination strategy was developed for removing sequencing background errors by using molecular barcode sequence information as an alternative to the conventional error correction approach. This approach was successfully used to identify mutations with frequencies as low as 0.15%, and the clonal heterogeneity of hematologic malignancies was revealed. These findings have implications for elucidating heterogeneity and temporal and spatial clonal evolution, evaluating response to therapy, and monitoring relapse in patients with hematologic malignancies.