Unique Equipment Research Articles

Development of Rapid Disk Diffusion Device Using Laser Speckle Formation Technology for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

The escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to the excessive and inappropriate use of antimicrobials has prompted the urgent need for more rapid and effective antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods. Conventional AST techniques often take 16–24 h, leading to empirical prescription practices and the potential emergence of AMR. The study aimed to develop a rapid disk diffusion (RDD) method utilizing laser speckle formation (LSF) technology to expedite AST results. The study aimed to evaluate the performance of LSF technology in determining antimicrobial susceptibility. In this study, preclinical and clinical settings were established to compare the LSF technology with conventional disk diffusion (DD) methods to measure the inhibition zones. Preclinical experiments with different bacterial strains demonstrated more than 70% categorical agreement (CA) against most antimicrobials. Further, clinical experiments with multiple strains and antibiotics revealed CA ranging from 40 to 79%, while major and minor discrepancies were observed around 30% and 11%, respectively. These observations revealed high concordance between RDD and DD for multiple antimicrobials in multiple species. The results underscore the potential of RDD-based LSF technology for hastening AST procedures. The current study is marked by a unique equipment setup and analysis approach. Collectively, the suggested laser-based RDD showed greater potential than previously developed comparable methods. The proposed method and design have a higher application potential than formerly developed similar technologies. Together, the study contributes to the ongoing development of rapid AST methods.

Роль федерального учреждения МНТК «Микрохирургия глаза» в работе региональной детской офтальмологической службы.

One of the main tasks of the children’s ophthalmological service in any region is to ensure the availability of high-tech medical care, however, personnel and technological shortages can negatively affect this indicator. Using the resources of a federal specialized clinic at the regional level can help resolve this issue. The goal is to reflect the participation of the federal specialized clinic in the work of the regional children’s ophthalmological service. Material and methods. The data used to assess the state of provision of ophthalmological care to children was taken from the electronic database of medical records of patients who received ophthalmological care at the Kaluga branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in the period from 2017 to 2023. Results. In 2005, a pediatric surgical department was organized at the Kaluga branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution. The work of the department’s ophthalmologists is primarily aimed at providing modern surgical treatment for children with various ophthalmological diseases. The leading scientific and practical direction is retinopathy of prematurity. To ensure optimal accessibility of specialized medical care, implementation of a system for early diagnosis and monitoring of the vision status of children, in the fall of 2020, a Children’s Ophthalmological Diagnostic Center (DOC) was opened within the structure of the Kaluga branch of the MNTK. The priority direction of the DOC is the introduction into clinical practice of innovative medical technologies aimed at early detection and formation of stages in the treatment of eye diseases in children and adolescents, and the determination of recommendations for preventive measures. From 2017 to 2023, the volume of ophthalmological care provided by the Kaluga branch of MNTK was within the range of 1,400–3,000 operations per year. Every year, ophthalmological care is provided directly to more than 1000 children at the Children’s Center. In total, over the entire period of operation of the center, conservative treatment was carried out in 3552 cases of amblyopia, myopia and other forms of ametropia, including severe forms. Using the new treatment method, 809 courses of treatment have been carried out at the Amblyokor complex since September 2020. During the work of the Center, 1908 orthokeratology lens sets were selected and issued. In addition to accepting patients living in the Kaluga region, we are actively accepting children from other regions. Conclusion. Thanks to the work of the branch of the MNTK «Eye Microsurgery» in the Kaluga region, the shortage of highly qualified medical personnel is compensated, the effective use of complex and unique diagnostic and treatment equipment is concentrated and implemented, the widespread introduction of progressive treatment methods into practice is ensured, the optimal route for patients is developed, taking into account the structure of medical organizations, participating in the implementation of the program of state guarantees of providing free assistance to the population. It should be noted that ophthalmological care for the children’s population through the Kaluga branch of the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution is largely provided at the interregional level, affecting the territories of neighboring regions.

Gold content determination in small core-samples by instrumental neutron activation analysis

Application of instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) based on the relative method of concentration standardization was considered to determine Au content in small solid core-samples of the gold-bearing ores and rocks up to 10 g of the mass. The small core-samples about 10 mm in diameter and 22-23 mm in length were cut from the previously collected ore lumps or in-situ using a handheld drilling rig. The studied small core-samples and the polyethylene capsules of the same dimensions filled up with the corresponding certified reference material (CRM) were irradiated for 2 min by a lower density neutron flux with the help of the automated pneumatic transport system (PTS). Maximum mass and dimensions of the core-samples corresponded to the PTS design and to the conditions of its safe operation. A special device was made to fix the transport capsules in the stable counting geometry making possible to eliminate the influence of the neutron flux gradient during irradiation. Due to the substantial differences in CRM and solid sample densities, corrections for neutron self-shielding and for gamma-ray self-absorption by the core-samples were applied. The method was tried to analyze Au content in 170 small core-samples presenting different gold-bearing ores and country rocks from the Kazakhstan’s gold-barite-polymetallic deposit Maikain. This approach, rather simple methodically and requiring no unique equipment, can be used to assess gold resources together with the methods of geostatistics.

Technical note: Characterization of a multi-point scintillation dosimetry research platform for a low-field MR-Linac.

MRI-guided radiation therapy (MRgRT) requires unique quality assurance equipment to address MR-compatibility needs, minimize electron return effect, handle complex dose distributions, and evaluate real-time dosimetry for gating. Plastic scintillation detectors (PSDs) are an attractive option to address these needs. To perform a comprehensive characterization of a multi-probe PSD system in a low-field 0.35T MR-linac, including detector response assessment and gating performance. A four-channel PSD system (HYPERSCINT RP-200) was assembled. A single channel was used to evaluate repeatability, percent depth dose (PDD), detector response as a function of orientation with respect to the magnetic field, and intersession variability. All four channels were used to evaluate repeatability, linearity, and output factors. The four PSDs were integrated into an MR-compatible motion phantom at isocenter and in gradient regions. Experiments were conducted to evaluate gating performance and tracking efficacy. For repeatability, the maximum standard deviation of repeated measurements was 0.13% (single PSD). Comparing the PSD to reference data, PDD had a maximum difference of 1.12% (10cm depth, 6.64×6.64 cm2). Percent differences for rotated detector setups were negligible (<0.3%). All four PSDs demonstrated linear response over 10-1000 MU delivered and the maximum percent difference between the baseline and measured output factors was 0.78% (2.49×2.49 cm2). Gating experiments had 400 cGy delivered to isocenter with<0.8 cGy variation for central axis measures and<0.7 cGy for the gradient sampled region. Real-time dosimetry measurements captured spurious beam-on incidents that correlated to tracking algorithm inaccuracies and highlighted gating parameter impact on delivery efficiency. Characterization of the multi-point PSD dosimetry system in a 0.35T MR-linac demonstrated reliability in a low-field MR-Linac setting, with high repeatability, linearity, small intersession variability, and similarity to baseline data for PDD and output factors. Time-resolved, multi-point dosimetry also showed considerable promise for gated MR-Linac applications.

Comparative analysis of modern technologies of additive production

In today's conditions, 3D printing is used to create unique models, prototypes, and equipment necessary for conducting experiments and studying various phenomena and processes, for the rapid prototyping of various parts and devices in scientific and engineering research. 3D printing technologies are actively used to create individual medical implants, prostheses, and organ models for training and planning operations, which significantly improves the quality of medical care. In the aerospace and automotive industries, additive manufacturing is used to create lightweight and durable parts helping to reduce weight and improve vehicle efficiency. The use of additive manufacturing methods, technologies, and tools allows you to check and test designs and concepts before mass production. In this work, a detailed analysis of various existing 3D printers is carried out depending on the tasks, and modern technologies of additive manufacturing are investigated depending on the set goals and scientific and applied tasks. Such technologies include Fused Deposition Modeling, Stereolithography, Selective Laser Sintering, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, and Digital Light Processing. In the work, a comparative analysis of these technologies was carried out according to various criteria, such as principle of operation, materials, resolution, surface finish, accuracy, speed, strength, application, cost, complexity of parts, and post-processing. For each technology, the advantages and disadvantages of its use are determined depending on the goals and objectives. It should be noted that some materials may not be suitable for printing complex parts or require additional support during the printing process. This can lead to complexity in the processing of products and increase the time and costs of printing. Improper selection of materials for 3D printing can be harmful to the environment or human health when used incorrectly. For example, some plastic materials may emit toxic elements or have low biodegradability. Also, using excess expensive material unnecessarily can increase the cost of the project. Keywords: additive manufacturing, 3D printing, additive manufacturing technologies, Fused Deposition Modeling, Stereolithography, Selective Laser Sintering, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, Digital Light Processing.

Cyclical hydraulic pressure pulses reduce breakdown pressure and initiate staged fracture growth in PMMA

Using unique experimental equipment on large bench-scale samples of Polymethylmethacrylate, used in the literature as an analogue for shale, we investigate the potential benefits of applying cyclical hydraulic pressure pulses to enhance the near-well connectivity through hydraulic fracturing treatment. Under unconfined and confined stresses, equivalent to a depth of up to 530 m, we use dynamic high-resolution strain measurements from fibre optic cables, complemented by optical recordings of fracture development, and investigate the impact of cyclical hydraulic pressure pulses on the number of cycles to failure in Polymethylmethacrylate at different temperatures. Our results indicate that a significant reduction in breakdown pressure can be achieved. This suggests that cyclic pressure pulses could require lower power consumption, as well as reduced fluid injection volumes and injection rates during stimulation, which could minimise the occurrence of the largest induced seismic events. Our results show that fractures develop in stages under repeated pressure cycles. This suggests that Cyclic Fluid Pressurization Systems could be effective in managing damage build-up and increasing permeability. This is achieved by forming numerous small fractures and reducing the size and occurrence of large fracturing events that produce large seismic events. Our results offer new insight into cyclical hydraulic fracturing treatments and provide a unique data set for benchmarking numerical models of fracture initiation and propagation.

Development of a Mechanism for Assessing Mutual Structural Relations for Import Substitution of High-Tech Transfer in Life Cycle Management of Fundamentally New Products

The emergence of fundamentally new products is conditioned both by the development of techniques and technologies and by the emerging new needs and conditions of economic and social life of society. In this case, the process of achieving product dominance in the market has a progressive cyclical character in the form of a spiral pattern, the movement along which occurs with acceleration. At the current stage of economic development, most states have problems expanding sales of products and capturing new markets. These problems today are described in the works of various scientists; the research of the authors touches upon the issues of economic development. Today’s economic conditions, which are characterized by the application of sanctions pressure on a large scale, do not assess the opposite effect, when the countries that are subjected to this pressure, and the countries that organize this pressure, suffer economic damage. Some suffer damage in the form of reduced ability to produce knowledge-intensive products by providing them with imported materials and components, others who exert this pressure, by reducing the sales of their products, and in this case, it is relevant to build a mechanism for assessing mutual structural links for import substitution of high-tech transfer in the management of the life cycle of radical new products, which in our view is useful for those or other countries. The hypothesis is that the modeling of mutual structural relations of high-tech transfer in the management of the life cycle of radical new products will significantly improve the mechanisms of industrial policy management and national technological security and ensure sustainable economic development. The aim of the study is the task of developing a mechanism of mutual structural links and assessing the synergetic economic effect based on the approach of intersectoral links, interactions and interdependencies. In the course of the research, the following tasks are solved: the necessity to adequately replace high-tech imports within the framework of national technological security is substantiated, for this purpose it is necessary to create unique equipment for the system of RNP production; the assessment of the possibility of realization of such a task is carried out; the assessment of high-tech competencies of science and production, technical and resource readiness (configuration of the RNP system) is necessary, and a complex model for the assessment of structural and mutual linkages in the economy of innovation is developed. The modeling performed by the authors allowed us to assess the structure of domestic high-tech imports and the coefficients of mutual linkage of imports. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the conducted research makes it possible to significantly improve the efficiency of management of innovation processes of high-tech transfer to ensure the creation of a system of production of radically new products at the levels of organization, industry or national economy, which will ensure stable economic development. For this purpose, the structure and dynamics of high-tech imports of the Russian Federation have been analyzed and calculated, taking into account critical technologies and industries. The multiplier effects in high-tech industries of the Russian economy taking into account imports were analyzed on the basis of the latest actual detailed data of Rosstat. The estimation of the mutual relationship of imports and application of the developed toolkit for the example “Mechanical equipment, machine tools and other equipment for general or special purposes” is carried out.

Development of Manufacturing Process for High-Chromium Steel Large Welding Roll

Due to the operating conditions of weld and calibrating rolls used in the production processes of large electric-welded pipes, their material is subject to stringent wear and abrasion resistance requirements at high temperatures. The limited capabilities of conventional Cr-Mn-Ni tool steels and open die forging technologies with heat treatment processes do not provide the required performance properties for large welded rolls. Therefore, the material of the product was replaced with Cr12MoV high-chromium steel. This required identifying the formation patterns of the fine grain structure of high-chromium steel in order to adjust the production technology with adaptation to the unique conditions and equipment (12.5 MN hydraulic forging press, heating and thermal furnaces) of the forging shop. The technology was offered, which included the development of modes from heating to heat treatment with intermediate two-stage forging from Cr12MoV steel ingots in two sets of combined dies. At the first stage, deformation with a low reduction ratio ε = 5% and a relative feed rate of 0.4 per pass was provided to break and refine the carbide mesh, and at the second stage, intense deformation with a reduction ratio ε = 15% was performed. Further practical application has shown that the durability of weld rolls made from the new material increases by 20–30%.

Window air permeability calculation methodology with regard to temperature loading

Air permeability is an important characteristic of windows, which significantly affects the energy consumption of a building and the quality of indoor climate in winter. Existing experimental studies confirm that the air permeability of windows can increase significantly when the outside temperature decreases. This phenomenon is associated with temperature deformations. Nevertheless, currently in the practice of window design the dependence of air permeability on temperature effects is not taken into account. There are methods of windows air permeability experimental determination that take into account temperature loads, but they require unique equipment and are large labor inputs. In view of this, this paper proposes a semi-empirical method for calculating the air permeability of windows with regard to temperature loads, which uses data from standard laboratory tests. This method is based on identifying the system of infiltration channels, which is formed by the window structure, with an elementary system for which the analytical solution of the infiltration equation is known. It can be used for more accurate calculations of the building's energy consumption in the cold period of time, as well as for obtaining a scientifically justified limitation of window structure deflections under the combined action of wind and temperature loads.

Paying a Heavy Price: Costs of Care for People With Severe Obesity in Nursing Homes.

The prevalence of resident obesity in nursing homes has increased dramatically from 22% to 28% between 2005 and 2015. To provide care for people with obesity, nursing homes have changed their admissions, staffing, and equipment, but underlying these changes are increased resources and financial costs of care. The purpose of this study is to describe nursing home organizational aspects of caring for older adults with obesity, with a focus on economic factors, from the perspective of nursing home staff and leadership. This qualitative study used descriptive approaches; data were collected through semistructured telephone interviews. Of 77 nursing home staff and leaders identified as potential study participants, 6 were ineligible, and 71 participated in the study through interviews conducted from 2019 to 2022. A total of 4 primary themes described the issues surrounding the cost of care for obesity in nursing homes: inefficient and risky use of staff time in a setting of persistent staff shortage, expensive and unique equipment needs, inadequate general reimbursement with an absence of obesity-specific reimbursement supplements, and competing short- and long-term management solutions. This qualitative study of nursing home staff and leadership underscores a need for improved approaches to funding obesity care within existing nursing payment models. The increasing prevalence of obesity and the burden of the costs of obesity care for nursing homes will escalate this need over the coming decade.

Genesis and key elements of the mechanism of digital transformation of industrial enterprises

Aim. To study the peculiarities of different approaches to the construction of the mechanism of digital transformation of industrial enterprises and to identify the key elements, the creation and (or) development of which is necessary for the realisation of successful digital transformation.Tasks. To study the Russian and world experience in the field of building the mechanism of digital transformation of enterprises; to generalise and systematise various approaches; to form an integral set of key elements, the transformation of which is necessary to ensure competitiveness in the digital environment.Methods. The subject of the study are mechanisms, models and methods of digital transformation of enterprises developed by large global and Russian companies, mainly consulting companies. The analysis takes into account the presence of a clear system of principles (priorities), substantive aspects, structuring of various mechanisms by stages and elements of digital transformation, the level of specificity of proposed solutions, as well as additional features (for example, the presence of a model for assessing the digital maturity of the enterprise).Results. The key elements of the mechanism of digital transformation of an industrial enterprise are identified: digital strategy, business model, digital core and digital technologies, operating model, people and organisational culture, orchestration. It is shown that when developing a digital strategy, it is necessary to maximise the use of the enterprise’s competitive advantages (e.g., developed partner network, unique equipment and technologies, a wide range of goods and services, customer databases, etc.), as well as ecosystem opportunities. To increase the flexibility of the strategy, it is proposed to focus on the concept of strategic priorities. Emphasis is placed on the importance of aligning digital strategy with the operating model of an industrial enterprise. As a promising direction of digital transformation, the creation of a “digital core” of the enterprise, which unites all information systems, applications, services and data through the cloud in order to integrate technological and organisational aspects of digital transformation across the entire value chain, including partners and customers, is highlighted.Conclusions. The presented developments can serve as a reference point for managers of industrial enterprises developing and implementing digital transformation programmes.

Patient Monitoring for Personalized Mobile Health (PMH) based on Medical Virtual Instruments

One of the newest technologies, mobile health, has the potential to support the provision of care for older adults and offer them individualised treatment. This study’s goal is to evaluate the benefits and challenges of personalised mobile health (PMH) for elderly residential care. Virtual worlds are quickly integrating into the landscape of instructional technologies. One of the most well-known of these settings is Second Life (SL). Despite the potential of SL for health professions education, there aren’t many official SL applications for this purpose, and the effectiveness of these applications hasn’t been evaluated to the fullest extent possible. Similarly, it appears that nothing is known about the use of virtual worlds for continuing medical education. In order to better grasp the fundamentals of the aid of MVIs for personal health monitoring (PHM), we were able to pinpoint the key disease regions, sensors, channels, calculations and communication protocols. The main obstacles limiting MVIs’ degree of integration into the international health care system were also identified. The analysis demonstrates that MVIs offer an excellent possibility for the creation of affordable, personalised health systems that meet the unique equipment requirements of a certain field of medicine.

Evaluation of the Impact of Buffer Management Strategies on Biopharmaceutical Manufacturing Process Mass Intensity

There is an increasing demand to improve the overall sustainability of the biopharmaceutical industry. A barrier to improvement has been the limited research undertaken in the area of environmental impact of key design decisions. The aim of this study was to perform a comprehensive evaluation of the impact of buffer management strategy and technology selection on overall process efficiency using process mass intensity (PMI) as a metric for comparison. The environmental impact of buffer management has yet to be fully understood, despite buffers being one of the most resource-intensive aspects of biopharmaceutical manufacturing. A detailed process model was used to evaluate the impact of buffer management on a monoclonal antibody (MAB) process at the 2000 L scale. This was achieved by means of a non-replicated full factorial design composed of six variables: product titre, quantity of unique buffers, preparation frequency, single-use threshold and equipment cleaning duration with two levels and buffer preparation strategy type with four levels. The study identified that buffer management has a critical impact on overall process mass intensity, demonstrating a possibility to achieve a reduction in PMI of up to 90% for the best scenario compared to the worst. The findings also indicated that single-use systems are greatly superior to stainless-steel systems in terms of overall process efficiency, which is consistent with established thinking. The results from this research represent a further significant step towards achieving a more sustainable biopharmaceutical industry, establishing buffer management as a critical focus area, quantifying the influence of key variables on process mass intensity and highlighting the benefits of using a process mass intensity metric as part of routine biopharmaceutical design.

Vehicle wheel positioning innovation on a machine for measuring the contact parameters between a tyre and the road

This article deals with the development and proposal to increase the application of equipment for measuring the adhesion force between the road and the road vehicle. The device enabling the adhesion force measurement of a rotating vehicle wheel is called a dynamic adhesor. The actual position of the vehicle wheel relative to the road-simulating cylinder is, in the present embodiment of the dynamic adhesor, by means of a bolted clamping joint and stops. This embodiment has limiting applications. the test must be aborted, if the position of the vehicle wheel relative to the rotating cylinder changes. Therefore, the adhesor has been upgraded. The upgrade consists of adding a hydraulic control to allow repositioning of the vehicle wheel online without interrupting the experiment, from a workstation outside the rotating parts area. Input load values were determined from the adherent desired operating parameters and from the load simulation in the MSC Adams software. Hydraulic cylinders were designed in accordance with the results of the maximum operating loads and installation space. The current construction was adapted and supplemented with new parts for the use of these hydraulic cylinders. The article only deals with the area of new key elements. The equipment's use has been expanded by improving the dynamic adhesor, for example, with the possibility of simulating the vehicle wheel's driving behaviour when the vehicle is propped up, and in this way, the equipment can also be used for any required research in regard to noise emitted from the tyre's road contact. As a result of innovation, the use of the unique tyre-testing equipment has been expanded, increasing the safety and environmental friendliness of road vehicles.

Deep learning implementations in mining applications: a compact critical review

Deep learning is a sub-field of artificial intelligence that combines feature engineering and classification in one method. It is a data-driven technique that optimises a predictive model via learning from a large dataset. Digitisation in industry has included acquisition and storage of a variety of large datasets for interpretation and decision making. This has led to the adoption of deep learning in different industries, such as transportation, manufacturing, medicine and agriculture. However, in the mining industry, the adoption and development of new technologies, including deep learning methods, has not progressed at the same rate as in other industries. Nevertheless, in the past 5 years, applications of deep learning have been increasing in the mining research space. Deep learning has been implemented to solve a variety of problems related to mine exploration, ore and metal extraction and reclamation processes. The increased automation adoption in mining provides an avenue for wider application of deep learning as an element within a mine automation framework. This work provides a compact, comprehensive review of deep learning implementations in mining-related applications. The trends of these implementations in terms of years, venues, deep learning network types, tasks and general implementation, categorised by the value chain operations of exploration, extraction and reclamation are outlined. The review enables shortcomings regarding progress within the research context to be highlighted such as the proprietary nature of data, small datasets (tens to thousands of data points) limited to single operations with unique geology, mine design and equipment, lack of large scale publicly available mining related datasets and limited sensor types leading to the majority of applications being image-based analysis. Gaps identified for future research and application includes the usage of a wider range of sensor data, improved understanding of the outputs by mining practitioners, adversarial testing of the deep learning models, development of public datasets covering the extensive range of conditions experienced in mines.

“Phantom operators”: special operations forces and asymmetric warfare in Northern Nigeria.

ABSTRACT Across the world, Special Operations Forces (SOFs) play a leading role in asymmetric warfare. The unique trainings, skills, weapons, and equipment of these elite Tier 1 operators, differentiates them from conventional forces, making them the preferred choice in complex environments. SOFs are ideally deployed for short operations, which include direct action missions, hostage rescue, hunting high-value targets (HVTs), mobility operations, intelligence operations, airborne operations, counterterrorism (CT), counterinsurgency (COIN) operations, and covert operations among others. While the literature has mostly focused on the utility of major powers’ SOFs in the Global War on Terror (GWOT), with little attention on Africa’s SOF’s, this paper examines the origins, evolution, composition, and deployments of Nigeria’s SOFs specifically in the Northeast, Northcentral, and Northwest theatres of operation, against the Boko Haram insurgency and armed banditry, respectively. Drawing on primary data from interviews with key informants and other secondary data sources, the paper interrogates the successes, challenges, and prospects of Nigeria’s SOFs. The strategic utility and overreliance on Nigeria’s SOFs by political leaders and the Military’s High Command puts a strain on their strategic value which potentially undermines their strategic efficacy as a force-multiplier in the long run, against unconventional threats.

Simulating the Selection of Unique Industrial Equipment with Computer Models

This paper explores the optimal number of unique jobs for an industrial enterprise by using computer simulations to reduce overall costs of creating and operating these jobs through staff remuneration optimization. The study utilizes the author's mathematical models of workers' behavior in a stimulating environment and optimization of the number of similar jobs used in industrial enterprises. The paper employs computational mathematics and computer modeling to analyze potential solutions for organizing unique workplaces. The study demonstrates that the estimated number of unique jobs can be reduced by increasing work shifts, hiring qualified workers, and offering incentive wage rates. The paper presents the results of model computational experiments on the optimal number of jobs for performing a given amount of work in two shifts under three scenarios: attracting workers with average market qualifications, attracting more qualified workers with wages under average market conditions, and attracting more qualified workers with wages at increased rates.

VOCATIONAL COUNSELING IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY

In our age, the importance of raising people with analytical, creative and thought. thoughts is increasing day by day The aim of the modern education is to educate people who can solve problems by centering the person, aim to learn, and are aware of their interests and abilities. Therefore, considering education with a researcher and entrepreneurial spirit, human natural abilities should be developed and conscious guidance should be made about the profession. On of the main purposes of education is to guide people to choose a profession that is suitable for their knowledge and skills by improving their natural abilities. Because the purpose of education is to guide and educate people in line with their own goals. Therefore, education means raising people, disciplining them, imposing values. In addition, another purpose of education is to include teaching activities that include science, art, technique, culture and elements. Therefore, the education that starts with a certain goal continues with information acquisition and vocational teaching activities. In short, if we need to draw the pulley of education it can be said that education is the perfection of man. As Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) expressed, man has a unique equipment in terms of self-education. In the study, the importance of vocational counseling in the context of educational philosophy was once again taken into consideration. During the professional orientation process, the counseling relationship, professional development and issues that should be considered in directing the person in the choice of profession are emphasized.

CHICADE nuclear facility: a collaborative technological platform, dedicated to the expertise and characterisation of nuclear wastes

CHICADE (CHimie CAractérisation DEchets – Chemistry CAracterization Wastes) is one of the nuclear facilities of the Energy Division of the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA/DES). The CEA/DES is responsible for structuring and piloting the research programmes on energy at CEA. It involves its own institutes of research and those of other divisions. CHICADE is part of the Directorate for Nuclear Dismantling, Services and Waste Management. The Laboratory of Expertise and Destructive characterization is set up in the Basic Nuclear Facility – N° 156 called “CHICADE” where heavy equipment is used. The laboratory brings together both skills and means of characterization, using destructive methods on nuclear waste packages. It also carries out measurements on the whole waste package (gas release measurements, leaching tests). After a short presentation of the CEA and the Cadarache Centre, this publication aims to present the CHICADE facility and present the types of expertise on nuclear waste that are conducted there, i.e., measurement of the diffusion coefficient, inventories, leaching test, permeability measurement, gas measurements, radiochemistry, imaging. In conclusion, CHICADE is a nuclear facility with unique equipment, allowing exhaustive expertise to be carried out in a single location, benefiting from cross and complementary methods.

Hardware and software system for monitoring the modes of the finishing operation on automatic machine

The prerequisites of the market and competition requires the efficiency of production of industrial enterprises. This requirement can be met by the tools of Industry 4.0. But many enterprises have unique technological equipment without the ability to connect digital solutions such as IIoT and Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA). IIoT and SCADA enables monitoring of the equipment condition, which makes it possible to monitor technological process compliance with required modes, as well as the technical state of the equipment. The paper presents the development of software and hardware systems to eliminate this gap. The paper presents the scheme of the hardware and software system for monitoring the finishing machine, which contains sensors for monitoring the technical and technological characteristics of the machine and recording, analysing and visualizing data using the Winnum Platform. The double-acting finishing machine is a special class of equipment that allows to obtain a surface with precision quality. The presented hardware and software system can be used for other finishing machines with a similar design.