Unique Design Research Articles

TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PRACTICES OF AFRICAN BONE-SETTERS: ASPECTS OF AN ONTOLOGY OF THE FIELD

Traditional bone-setters (TBS) in West Africa remain the first resort in managing rural populations when they suffer from traumatic injuries before going to hospital. This phenomenon is also observed in urban areas. Indeed, some patients hospitalized in referencial public orthopedic trauma services desert these structures for certain reasons in favor of these traditional healers. This leads us to acknowledge that this local medical practice proves itself where the so-called conventional medicine has shown its limits. Unfortunately, we notice that most of these practitioners are old and illiterate. In addition, there is a lack of interest among the younger generation in practicing this traditional medicine. Also, it is observed that there is no standard or adequate formalism during the patient care process directed towards this medicine. In the effort to preserve this valuable knowledge, we propose to implement an ontology derived from this environment called ontoFRACTURECARE. This ontology is capable of structuring, highlighting, and providing a unique and consensus designation to relevant concepts associated with this domain. Furthermore, this ontology will serve as a compass for bone-setters and various users of this domain for intelligent decision-making during the process of administering care to patients, during the training of practitioners, and in the transmission of this traditional medicinal heritage.

Reversible Carbon Dioxide/Lithium Oxalate Regulation toward Advanced Aprotic Lithium Carbon Dioxide Battery.

Li-CO2 batteries have received significant attention owing to their advantages of combining greenhouse gas utilization and energy storage. However, the high kinetic barrier between gaseous CO2 and the Li2CO3 product leads to a low operating voltage (<2.5 V) and poor energy efficiency. In addition, the reversibility of Li2CO3 has always been questioned owing to the introduction of more decomposition paths caused by its higher charging plateau. Here, a novel "trinity" Li-CO2 battery system was developed by synergizing CO2, soluble redox mediator (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidoxyl, as TEM RM), and reduced graphene oxide electrode to enable selective conversion of CO2 to Li2C2O4. The designed Li-CO2 battery exhibited an output plateau reaching up to 2.97 V, higher than the equilibrium potential of 2.80 V for Li2CO3, and an ultrahigh round-trip efficiency of 97.1 %. The superior performance of Li-CO2 batteries is attributed to the TEM RM-mediated preferential growth mechanism of Li2C2O4, which enhances the reaction kinetics and rechargeability. Such a unique design enables batteries to cope with sudden CO2-deficient environments, which provides an avenue for the rationally design of CO2 conversion reactions and a feasible guide for next-generation Li-CO2 batteries.

THE RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF TRIGEN INTERTAN NAIL IN THE TREATMENT OF UNSTABLE INTERTROCHANTERIC FEMORAL FRACTURES AT HOSPITAL FOR TRAUMATOLOGY AND ORTHOPAEDICS.

Intertrochanteric fractures are highly prevalent among the elderly population, with approximately 90% occurring in individuals aged over 65. These geriatric fractures are associated with elevated mortality rates and significant functional impairment. Common treatment modalities for unstable intertrochanteric fractures include proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and the InterTan nail (IT). PFNA and IT are frequently employed due to their lower failure rates and favorable biomechanical properties, resulting in positive clinical outcomes for the management of unstable intertrochanteric fractures. The unique design of the IT nail, featuring two cephalocervical screws within an integrated mechanism, permits linear intraoperative compression and rotational stability of the neck and head fragment. In this study, we assess the clinical outcomes of IT nail utilization in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures at the Hospital for Traumatology and Orthopedics. This study comprises a retrospective analysis and case series report. Between February 2021 and August 2021, we retrospectively evaluated 35 patients who underwent treatment with the IT nail for unstable intertrochanteric fractures. Epidemiological data, operative duration, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative blood transfusion requirements, length of hospital stay, bone healing rates, and IT nail-related complications were recorded. The mean age of the patients was 70.97 ± 16.97 years, with a mean operative time of 60 minutes, mean intraoperative blood loss of 160.86 ± 72.8 ml, mean intraoperative blood transfusion volume of 203.43 ± 189.29 ml, and a mean hospital stay of 7 days. Bone healing was observed in 97.14% of cases. The treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures using the IT nail in elderly patients was successful. Our findings indicate favorable clinical outcomes in terms of surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, hospitalization duration, and union rates for elderly patients. Further investigations are warranted to validate these early results.

Neural Network‐Inspired Polyurea Ionogel with Mechanical Robustness, Low Hysteresis, and High Transparency for Soft Iontronics

AbstractConcurrently achieving mechanical robustness, low hysteresis, and high transparency are essential for ionogels to enhance their reliability and satisfy the requirements in soft electronics. Fabricating ionogels comprising these characteristics presents a considerable challenge. Herein, inspired by the structure of neural networks, a new strategy for in situ formation of dense urea moieties aggregated domains is proposed to achieve topology‐tailoring polyurea ionogels. Initially, leveraging the pronounced disparity in reactivity of the isocyanate (─NCO) groups between isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and NCO‐terminated prepolymer (PPGTD), IPDI preferentially reacts with deblocked trifunctional latent curing agents, resulting in the formation of dense urea moieties aggregated domains. Thereafter, these domains are interconnected via PPGTD to establish polymer networks in which the ionic liquid is uniformly dispersed, forming neural networks like ionogels. Attributed to this unique design strategy, the polyurea ionogel demonstrates remarkable properties, including high strength (0.6–2.4 MPa), excellent toughness (0.9–4.3 MJ m−3), low hysteresis (6.6–11.6%), high transparency (&gt;92%), along with enhanced fatigue and puncture resistance. Furthermore, the polyurea ionogels exhibit outstanding versatility, enabling their in strain sensors, flexible electroluminescence devices, and nanogenerators. This strategy contributes to the design of ionogels with unparalleled combinatory properties, catering to the diverse demands of soft iontronics.

Engineered composite dressing with exudate management capabilities for the process of entire wound healing

A timely antibacterial dressing that can adapt to dynamic wound environments poses a significant challenge in burn research and management. Herein, a four-layered composite dressing is reported. At its core, it features a modified micropore arrayed Janus membrane with a super-hydrophobic polyurethane layer on one side and a super-hydrophilic hydrogel on the other. This unique design enables the dressing to maintain stable and durable self-pumping capabilities, effectively transferring wound exudate to the upper foam layer. The self-pumping rate exceeds that of traditional foam dressings, being approximately 1.39 times more efficient in absorbing excess wound exudate. The composite dressing demonstrates an impressive water donation capacity when tested on 45% gelatin-simulated skin, achieving a water donation rate of (59.20 ± 2.66)%. Furthermore, the water vapor permeability of the composite dressing outperforms hydrocolloids by approximately 3.66 times. Additionally, the composite dressing, when loaded with super-hydrophilic nanometer zinc oxide, exhibits a potent antibacterial effect. The dressing's surface reduces cellular, platelet, fibrinogen, and bovine serum albumin adhesion, reducing the risk of tissue adhesion. During a 20-day trial covering deep II-degree burn wounds, the dressing demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. It effectively compresses the inflammatory phase, promotes vascularization, and significantly accelerates the regeneration of skin accessory organs. This innovative dressing exhibits great potential for use throughout the entire wound-healing process in future burn treatments.

Raspberry Pi based OCR implementation in multi-line refreshable braille display device

This work proposes an unique hardware design for a multi-line Refreshable Braille Display (RBD) device using Imprint Punch Head Technology with Optical Character Recognition (OCR) capabilities for learning and reading text in Braille codes. The device uses a microprocessor board to seamlessly integrate stepper/servo motors with OCR algorithms. A thin flexible metal sheet coated with rubber is used as a display surface on which the raised points for Braille codes are repeatedly formed and deformed. The device is designed in such a way that the material used for its construction are low cost which makes them economical and affordable. The device was evaluated in the lab setup and showed promising results, and had prospects of becoming a vital Assistive Technology for vision impaired people.

Soft Power in Hard Concrete: the Berlin Congress Hall, the Cold War and the Building of Transatlantic Relations

Summary The opening of the Congress Hall in Berlin-Tiergarten in 1957 took place during the heyday of the Cold War. Designed by American architect Hugh Stubbins, the building became a focal point in East–West confrontations. Against this backdrop, the article explores the role of architecture in national soft power by taking the example of the Berlin Congress Hall. Commencing with a discussion of architecture as a component of soft power along five criteria, it goes on to examine the planning of the Congress Hall and the significance of its unique design vocabulary. The article concludes that the building, strategically located near the sector borders separating East and West, represents a concrete embodiment of US soft power. Although not an official representational building, the Congress Hall has thus served as a political, cultural and ideational ‘embassy’ of the United States and a major building block in German–American relations up to the present.

Enhancing electrical output and thermal adaptivity in an interlocked core-sheath triboelectric yarn/fabric for intelligent fire-rescue systems

Self-powered flexible electronic textiles designed for fire-rescue functions, especially in high-temperature environments, have attracted considerable attention. However, their practical applications are hindered by limited electrical output and poor thermal adaptability. In this study, we develop an interlocked core-sheath triboelectric yarn (ICSTY) employing a well-established braiding process, which comprises an inner layer of braided conductive yarn and an outer layer of loop-piled polyimide yarn. This unique structural design resulted in the ICSTY exhibiting an enhanced electrical output performance of 16.3 V per length of 15 cm and excellent thermal adaptability across a wide temperature range of 25–250 °C. The woven ICSTY fabric demonstrates outstanding thermal insulation and biomechanical energy harvesting compared with existing firefighting uniforms. Furthermore, it can be seamlessly integrated into a self-powered fire-rescue system for motion monitoring, location acquisition, and escape warnings for trapped firefighters. This exceptional ICSTY holds the potential to significantly impact the future development of intelligent firefighting uniforms.

Thermal hydraulic performance of a tubular heat exchanger with in‐line perforated baffle with shutter type saw tooth turbulator

AbstractThis experimental investigation aimed to analyze the impact of a unique design of swirl generator airflow on the performance of a tubular heat exchanger operating with axial flow. To conduct the experiment, we utilized a custom‐built apparatus containing eight sawtooth air deflectors with differing space height ratios (e/h). These deflectors were oriented in a uniform manner (shutter type) and positioned at various inclination angles. Circular baffle plates, housing these deflectors, were equidistantly spaced at different pitch ratios. The arrangement of tubes within the heat exchanger remained constant throughout the study, while the Reynolds number ranged from 16,000 to 30,000. In addition, a consistent heat flux condition was maintained on the surface of the tubes. The research outcomes indicated that incorporating a deflector baffle plate with an inclination angle of 30°, an e/h ratio of 0.4, and a pitch ratio of 1.2 led to an average increase of 1.36 in the thermal enhancement factor when compared to a heat exchanger lacking a baffle plate, tested under similar conditions.

(024) The “Fork” Dilator for Bilateral Synchronized Corporal Dilation During Penile Prosthesis Implantation

Abstract Introduction Serious implanters constantly strive for new approaches and instruments to optimize penile prosthesis implantation (PPI) surgery, subsequently improving postoperative outcomes while reducing complication risk. Objective I introduce a novel corporal dilator coined as “The Fork Dilator” or “The Fork” (patent pending) in resemblance to the “2-tine carving fork”. It comprises 2 parallel graded dilator rods (size 10 mm each) attached by a single handle that allows adjusting the distance between both rods. (Figure 1) The objective of this unique design is to allow bilateral corporal body dilation and measurement in a single synchronized step during PPI. Moreover, the fact that the twin rods are fixed parallel to each other makes them serve each other indirectly as guides ensuring proper alignment during advancement through corporal cavities. Hence, never could they meet or separate along the way. At the same time, their fused design turns each rod into a bridle restraining any exaggerated advancement of its twin thus protecting against potential perforation. The ultimate goal of utilizing “The Fork” is to reduce intraoperative time while minimizing the risk for intra and post-operative complications resulting from faulty corporal body dilatation. Methods The Fork was utilized in 21 virgin cases of PPI (18 inflatable and 3 malleable). Apart from the steps of corporal dilation and sizing, all surgeries were performed in the regular fashion. Synchronized corporal dilation and sizing were attempted in a single step via the Fork as follows. After opening our corporotomies, we adjust the position of the Fork tines according to the actual intercorporal distance. (Figure 2) Once ready, we start by passing the tips of the tines proximally till the pubic ramus is normally reached. (Figure 3) Then in a swift maneuver, the device is withdrawn and flipped upwards while being maintained within the corporal bodies and passed distally until the distal tips of the corpora are safely reached, marking the end of the dilatation step. (Figures 4–6) Proximal and distal corporal dimensions are recorded simultaneously during the previous steps. A video for the surgical technique using The Fork prototype is available for further elaboration. Results The Fork technique facilitated controlled and well-aligned corporal dilatation in all our patients. We had no incidents of corporal crossovers, crural perforations, or urethral violations. Successful PPI was achieved in a seamless and time-efficient manner. For the inflatable implants, we utilized both the Rigicon Infla10 AX® (n=12) and the Coloplast Titan® (n=6) while the Rigicon Rigi10® (n=2) and Coloplast Genesis® (n=1) were our choice for the malleable ones. Conclusions I believe that the Fork dilator is a new tool that may facilitate safe and efficient PPI in virgin cases. We look forward to conducting a comparative study to conventional dilatation on a larger number of patients aspiring the Fork to be worthy of addition to the prosthetic urology armamentarium. Disclosure No.

Thoraflex Hybrid Prosthesis (THP): the profile

ABSTRACT Introduction With the incidence of thoracic aortic disease on the rise, total arch replacement (TAR) with frozen elephant trunk (FET) remains the gold-standard management strategy due to optimal results. Several FET devices exist commercially on the global market. However, the mainstay and most commonly used and reported device is the Thoraflex Hybrid Prosthesis (THP), with several recent reports suggesting its superiority. Areas covered This review aims to collate and summarize the evidence in the literature on the clinical outcomes of TAR with FET using THP, with a focus on mortality, neurological complications, endoleak, distal stent-induced new entry (dSINE), aortic remodeling, coagulopathy, and graft kinking. In addition, the design features of THP is discussed, and an overview of market competitors is also highlighted. Expert opinion THP consistently demonstrates its effectiveness in treating complex thoracic aortic pathology through favorable clinical outcomes, which can be attributed to its unique and innovative design. Rates of early mortality ranged 0.6–14.2%, neurological complications 0–25%, endoleak 0–8.4% and dSINE 0–14.5%, with minimal incidence of graft kinking and coagulopathy. Aortic remodeling is favorable and comparable to competitors. All this evidence solidifies THP as the leading FET device, particularly when combined with appropriate patient selection and surgical planning.

High damping, soft and reprocessable thermal interface materials inspired by the microstructure of skin tissue

Thermal interface materials (TIMs) play a critical role in heat dissipation of modern electronics with their development towards integration and miniaturization. Shock-induced vibration damage is another extremely harmful to electronics, which requires TIMs remarkable damping properties, reprocessability, softness, and high thermal conductivity. However, current TIMs still lack the ability to dampen vibrations and reprocessability, because integrating these properties into one TIM still remains a dilemma. Inspired by the synergistic effects of fiber networks and adipocytes in skin tissue, here, we report on a high damping, soft and reprocessable TIM, by infusing viscous polymer into polybutadiene bottlebrush polymer network meanwhile combing with aluminum nitride filler. The obtained TIMs show damping factor as high as 0.95–1.0 in the frequency range of daily life (1–300 Hz), excellent reprocessability efficiency (92 %), low Young's modulus (55.8 kPa) and thermal conductivity of 2.25 W m−1 K−1. Analyzing the polymer structure and chain dynamics by rheology, broadband dielectric spectroscopy, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, and FTIR spectroscopy, we confirm that these excellent properties is attributed to the enhanced migration ability of polymer chains, thermally conductive aluminum nitride fillers, and hierarchical hydrogen bonds in the bottlebrush polymer network. We further demonstrate the potential application of the TIMs in heat dissipation of an electronic device under vibrations. The current work provides a unique structure design approach towards high-performance TIMs in shock-resistant electronics.

Investigation on the Compressive Characteristics and Optimization of Design Parameters of a Novel Functionally Graded Cell Structure

Novel structural conceptualizations frequently incorporate inventive ideas, materials, or construction techniques. This study presents a unique design inspired by the traditional practice of sikku rangoli, a cultural tradition prevalent in the southern region of India, particularly in Tamil Nadu. Because it was novel, it was necessary to optimize the fundamental design for maximal outputs. In contrast to honeycomb structures, intercellular interactions are believed to contribute to the overall strengthening of the structure. By eliminating sharp corners from the structure, stress accumulation is prevented, resulting in improved stress distribution. Therefore, the design aspects that were deemed significant were taken into consideration and through the implementation of experimental design, an optimum design was determined. Utilizing the optimal base design as a foundation, the structure underwent several printing processes using diverse materials and incorporated multiple fillers. Furthermore, the structure was subjected to modifications employing the functional grading design concept. The study employed the functional grading design concept to examine the variations in load bearing capability, load distribution, and failure mode. The findings indicate that the compression strength of the composite structure was mostly influenced by the wall thickness. The combination of a carbon fiber reinforced base material with silicone rubber as filler, together with a functional graded cell structure featuring top and bottom densification, exhibited the highest compression strength compared to all other combinations. In order to investigate the accurate impact of the FG structures, every cell design was printed using PLA-CF, subjected to testing devoid of any additives, and the output parameters were computed. The results indicated that the center densified cell design exhibited significant values for specific energy absorption, relative density, and compressive strength (52.63 MPa, 0.652, and 2.95 kJ kg−1, respectively). The design of the base cell exhibited the greatest crushing force efficacy of 0.982.

A Cable-Driven Parallel Hip Exoskeleton for High-Performance Walking Assistance

Misalignment between human and exoskeleton joints is a common issue in exoskeletons of rigid structure, as it can lead to discomfort or even injuries. Cable-driven exoskeletons, by using human skeletal joints, remove misalignment as a potential issue. However, large parasitic forces due to cable pulling endure as a shortcoming of cable-driven exoskeletons. To address the problem, this paper proposes a novel cable-driven hip exoskeleton of parallel structures for assisted walking with eliminated parasitic force. The parasitic force potentially caused by either the misalignment or direct pulling can be removed mechanically. The new exoskeleton, conceptually different compared to existing anthropomorphic exoskeletons or soft exoskeletons, can conjugate flexibility and kinematic redundancy in flexion/extension and ab/adduction for self-alignment with anatomical joints. The unique design enables internal/external rotation for versatile walking gaits. In the work, the misalignment between the mechanical and biological hip joints is quantified both theoretically and experimentally. Moreover, an adaptive robust controller (ARC) is designed to provide desired force during assisted walking. Experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed cable-driven exoskeleton system and improved wearing comfort with parasitic forces eliminated.

A novel braided bamboo composite material with balanced strength and good energy absorption capacity inspired by bamboo

Engineering bamboo composite materials are widely used in construction industry. However, the impact load will inevitably affect the structural safety and service time of the engineering bamboo composite material. In this work, a braided glued laminated bamboo (BGLB) strong with balanced strength and good energy absorption capacity is developed, which was systematic characterized by tension, compression and bending tests at the angle of 0°, 45° and 90° and low-velocity impact tests. Results show that the progressive damage improves BGLB in 45° and 90° of the mechanical properties significantly compared to bamboo scrimber (BS). The absorbed energy of BGLB bending specimens increased by 55%, 1734% and 3983% more than that of BS under the angle of 0°, 45° and 90°. There is little difference between the transverse (0°) and longitudinal (90°) mechanical properties of BGLB. At the impact energy of 300 J, the specific energy absorption (SEA) of BGLB (1.07 J/g) is 15% larger than that of BS (0.93 J/g). The unique design makes BGLB to have better impact resistance and secondary load capacity than BS. The work balances the strength and good energy absorption capacity of BGLB, which can provide a new design idea for bamboo/wood engineering materials and help the development of high-strength bamboo/wood engineering materials.

Justice for whom? A dynamic interpretation of Isaiah 51.1–8

This article offers an analysis of Isaiah 51.1–3, 4–6, 7–8. These units contain multiple similarities that emphasize the fundamental tension between the units, primarily regarding the nature of divine tidings and the identity of their beneficiaries. The first part of the article demonstrates the unique content and design of each unit through a literary analysis; however, since the reading process constantly reveals new content, the underlying tension is further intensified in the second part of the article, which leads to the conclusion that the units are deliberately ambiguous and multivalent. The multifaceted content facilitates an understanding of the units, and Deutero-Isaiah as a whole. The article demonstrates that the dynamic literary-rhetorical design and its interpretive consequences reflect the existence of various groups (which serve as the ‘rhetorical situation’ of these units), the prospective connections between these groups, and their potential for social, geographical, and ethnic mobility.

Scalable, Green, Flexible Photochromic Bacterial Cellulose for Multicolor Switching, Photo-patterning, and Daily Sunlight UV Monitoring.

Sustainable, durable, and diverse photochromic smart textiles based on bacterial cellulose (BC) have emerged as attractive candidates in UV-sensing applications due to the green and easy functionalization of BC. However, existing BC-based photochromic textiles lack photochromic efficiency and combining fastness. In this study, a green strategy for in situ fermentation is developed to achieve the directional distribution of functional particles and remarkable photochromism in photochromic bacterial cellulose (PBC). The unique functional design obtained by regulating the photochromic dye distribution in 3D nanonetworks of PBCs during in situ growth affords a more uniform distribution and high fastness. Benefiting from the uniform distribution of photochromic dyes and adequate utilization of the 3D network structure, more surface area is provided to receive and utilize the photon energy from the UV rays, making the photochromic process more effective. The as-prepared PBCs exhibited rapid (within 1min) and stable (30 cycles) discoloration and multicolor selectivity. Their simple preparation process and exceptional wearability, e.g., their flexibility, lightweight, and air permeability, make them suitable for various applications, including tunable color switching systems, photopatterning, and daily sunlight UV monitoring. This study provides empirical value for the biofabrication of photochromic textiles and wearable flexible UV sensors.

Deciphering the Efficacy of No-Attention Architectures in Computed Tomography Image Classification: A Paradigm Shift

The burgeoning domain of medical imaging has witnessed a paradigm shift with the integration of AI, particularly deep learning, enhancing diagnostic precision and expediting the analysis of Computed Tomography (CT) images. This study introduces an innovative Multilayer Perceptron-driven model, DiagnosticMLP, which sidesteps the computational intensity of attention-based mechanisms, favoring a no-attention architecture that leverages Fourier Transforms for global information capture and spatial gating units for local feature emphasis. This study’s methodology encompasses a sophisticated augmentation and patching strategy at the input level, followed by a series of MLP blocks designed to extract hierarchical features and spatial relationships, culminating in a global average pooling layer before classification. Evaluated against state-of-the-art MLP-based models including MLP-Mixer, FNet, gMLP, and ResMLP across diverse and extensive CT datasets, including abdominal, and chest scans, DiagnosticMLP demonstrated a remarkable ability to converge efficiently, with competitive accuracy, F1 scores, and AUC metrics. Notably, in datasets featuring kidney and abdomen disorders, the model showcased superior generalization capabilities, underpinned by its unique design that addresses the complexity inherent in CT imaging. The findings in terms of accuracy and precision-recall balance posit DiagnosticMLP as an exceptional outperforming alternative to attention-reliant models, paving the way for streamlined, efficient, and scalable AI tools in medical diagnostics, reinforcing the potential for AI-augmented precision medicine without the dependency on attention-based architectures.

A distance-based kernel for classification via Support Vector Machines.

Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are a type of supervised machine learning algorithm widely used for classification tasks. In contrast to traditional methods that split the data into separate training and testing sets, here we propose an innovative approach where subsets of the original data are randomly selected to train the model multiple times. This iterative training process aims to identify a representative data subset, leading to improved inferences about the population. Additionally, we introduce a novel distance-based kernel specifically designed for binary-type features based on a similarity matrix that efficiently handles both binary and multi-class classification problems. Computational experiments on publicly available datasets of varying sizes demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing approaches in terms of classification accuracy. Furthermore, the distance-based kernel achieves superior performance compared to other well-known kernels from the literature and those used in previous studies on the same datasets. These findings validate the effectiveness of our proposed classification method and distance-based kernel for SVMs. By leveraging random subset selection and a unique kernel design, we achieve notable improvements in classification accuracy. These results have significant implications for diverse classification problems in Machine Learning and data analysis.

IMPROVING THE RELIABILITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF GAS AIR COOLING DEVICES BY USING A REPAIR AND RECOVERY COMPOUND

Over the last two decades, different gas transportation companies has placed significant emphasis on the issues of energy efficiency and energy conservation. The allocation of electrical energy for the operation of air-cooling mechanisms for gas in a compressor station equipped with gas turbine pumping units ranges from 22% to 48%. The primary aim of this study is to improve the durability of the bearings in the electric motor of the gas air cooling device. This will be achieved by investigating various approaches to reduce friction. The objective will be accomplished by the use of advanced surface technology with enhanced strength properties. The use of the Repair and Recovery Compound (RRC) inside the lubrication system or its direct application onto the friction pairs' surface is contingent upon the unique characteristics and design of the particular unit undergoing treatment. The objects undergoing processing included the use of specialist lubricants. The items in question are primarily the ball bearings that are located inside the drive electric motors of air-cooling fans used in gas compressor stations. The results obtained from the study examining the effectiveness of using serpentine-based compositions on electric motor bearings demonstrate a noticeable impact on the outermost layers of the metal surfaces that come into contact. This impact enables beneficial modifications in the operating characteristics of the device. The effectiveness of repair and restoration chemicals mostly depends on the manufacturer responsible for their creation. A comprehensive economic assessment is essential when choosing a compound for the processing of rubbing components in equipment. This assessment should include several factors such as the cost of the compound, processing expenditures, and the time necessary for cost recuperation. Keywords: gas air cooling devices, bearings, reliability, energy efficiency, energy saving, repair and recovery compound.