Uniovular Twins Research Articles

APPARITION SIMULTANEE D'UNE INSUFFISANCE THYROIDIENNE PRIMITIVE CHEZ DES JUMELLES MONOZYGOTES

ABSTRACT Female uniovular twins have developed simultaneously a symptomatology of primary hypothyroidism. This observation suggests the incidence of genetic factors in the aetiology of the disease. Comparison with adrenocortical atrophy could mean that life duration of endocrine glands might be genetically determined.

THE REFRACTIVE STATE OF MALNOURISHED CHILDREN.

Introduction Ocular refraction results from contributions made by various components of the eye which are normally concordant to some extent. 1 This concordance is much greater in uniovular twins than in binovular twins or unrelated pairs of individuals, 2 indicating the important role of genetic factors. Little is known about the possible influence of adverse environmental factors acting in early life on ocular refraction. It is generally believed that the Arab is myopic. 3 It was thought to be of interest to study ocular refraction of young Lebanese Arab children suffering from the widespread disorder of undernutrition or marasmus. Materials and Methods One hundred and ten severely marasmic infants ranging in age between 21 days and 2 years were selected for this study. All subjects were carefully weighed. In order to characterize the marasmic state more fully, and in particular to determine the vitamin A status of these infants, venous

RAVEN'S PROGRESSIVE MATRICES IN TWELVE PAIRS OF UNIOVULAR TWINS BROUGHT UP APART

Twelve Danish pairs of uniovular twins brought up apart were studied individually using the 1938 version of Raven's Progressive Matrices. Significant within‐pair correlations were found for raw scores and solving time pointing to a considerable influence of hereditary factors on such test performances.

THE GROWTH PATTERN OF PSYCHOTIC BOYS.

Kallmann (1953) studied the differences between uniovular twins discordant for schizophrenia and found there to be a definite superiority in physical strength and body weight in the unaffected twin. This paper is concerned with some aspects of the growth of psychotic boys, to determine if the inferiority noted by Kallmann is generally detectable.

Investigation of the Higher Nervous Activity and of Certain Vegetative Features in Twins

The study of the higher nervous activity of cortical-subcortical relationships in man is most pressing and of indubitable significance to the further deepening of our knowledge in the field of medicine and physiology. Here a major role may be played by the twin technique, based on study of the similarities and differences of various characteristics and properties in uniovular and biovular twins. Employment of this method in the study of intra-pair differences in signs and characteristics of uniovular twins is of significance for discovery of the influence of various environmental factors in the normal and the pathological states (1-5 and elsewhere).

CONTRACTURE OF THE VASTUS INTERMEDIUS IN CHILDREN

1. Two patients are reported with progressive fibrosis of the vastus intermedius muscle causing limitation of flexion of the knee. The first patient, a girl of ten years who was one of binovular twins, noticed difficulty in walking at the age of five, the disability increasing with age. The other girl, aged three, was one of uniovular twins and displayed the abnormality as soon as she started walking. 2. The nature of the condition remains obscure. 3. Surgery is effective, and simple division of the affected muscle segment is recommended. A good range of passive flexion is obtained at once; the active range can be obtained thereafter by physiotherapy. Because this requires the patient's cooperation it is suggested that the best age for surgery is about five or six years.

Human Intrauterine Parabiotic Syndrome and Its Complications

THE syndrome associated with intrauterine transfer of blood between uniovular twins has recently attracted clinical attention.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 As a consequence of blood transfer through anastomotic vessels in the of 2 additional pairs was also studied. Severe polyhydramnios often developed in the amniotic sac of the polycythemic twin. This led to premature delivery of at least 7 of the pairs (Table 1). Amniocentesis placenta 1 twin becomes polycythemic, and the other anemic. This feature resembles experimental parabiotic intoxication, but other features are unique because the parabiosis develops during intrauterine life. Polyhydramnios developing in the amniotic sac of the polycythemic twin often leads . . .

Intra-uterine blood transfer between uniovular twins.

Intra-uterine blood transfer between uniovular twins.

Folie a Deux?

Folie deux is not common condition. The term was coined in 1877 by Laseque and Falret1to connote contagious insanity or the psychosis of association. It has been defined by Gralnick2as a psychiatric entity characterized by the transference of delusional ideas and/or behavior from one person to one or more others who have been in close association with the primarily affected patient. The first recorded case was described by Berlyn in 1819.3 Heredity has often been cited as factor in psychiatric disease. In folie deux, length of association between the affected patients is probably more important factor than heredity. It could certainly account for the relative frequency with which folie deux occurs in families just as well as theoretical hereditary tendency. However, Craike and Slater4have reported folie deux in uniovular twins, sisters who had been separated

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION AND REJECTION OF SZONDI'S PICTURES: A STUDY OF UNIOVULAR TWINS BROUGHT UP APART

Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaVolume 37, Issue 1 p. 32-36 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SELECTION AND REJECTION OF SZONDI'S PICTURES: A STUDY OF UNIOVULAR TWINS BROUGHT UP APART Alan Mogensen Ph.D., Alan Mogensen Ph.D. From the Psychiatric Institute, Aarhus State Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.Search for more papers by this authorNiels Juel-Nielsen M.D., Niels Juel-Nielsen M.D. From the Psychiatric Institute, Aarhus State Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.Search for more papers by this author Alan Mogensen Ph.D., Alan Mogensen Ph.D. From the Psychiatric Institute, Aarhus State Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.Search for more papers by this authorNiels Juel-Nielsen M.D., Niels Juel-Nielsen M.D. From the Psychiatric Institute, Aarhus State Hospital, Risskov, Denmark.Search for more papers by this author First published: July 1961 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1961.tb06157.xCitations: 4AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume37, Issue1July 1961Pages 32-36 RelatedInformation

Abnormal haemoglobin production as a probable cause of erythroblastosis and hydrops foetalis in uniovular twins.

Abnormal haemoglobin production as a probable cause of erythroblastosis and hydrops foetalis in uniovular twins.

Intrauterine blood transfer between uniovular twins.

Intrauterine blood transfer between uniovular twins.

Morbo di Cooley in gemelli uniovulari. Descrizione di un caso e osservazioni

SUMMARYAfter a short review of the literature on the subject, the Authors report a personal observation of Cooley's disease in uniovular twins adding some general observations. They conclude by stressing the rarity of this observation.

Anaemia and polycythaemia in uniovular twins.

Anaemia and polycythaemia in uniovular twins.

Das Zwillingsproblem in der Psychiatrie

SUMMARYThe prevalence of psychological tendencies in psychiatry and the scarceness of material in our small country have resulted in a certain neglect of the problem of twin studies (as part of the theory of constitution and genetics). Uni-ovular twins - meaning identical in their heredity, monozygotes - enable us to reach important conclusions regarding the influence of constitution on, and the hereditary character of psychiatric diseases. Apart from observations at birth, uni-ovularity is proved by the method of similarities in physical and psychological Traits, esp. finger-prints, blood groups, and handwritings; recently another proof has been found in the electro-encephalogramm (EEG) which is identical in uni-ovulars. Bi-ovular or non-identical twins (dizygotes) have every mark of siblings, e.g. the statistical percentage concerning the hereditary character of certain illness, which percentage is much smaller than with uni-ovular. The cases of five pars of identical twins are presently recorded: two pairs in detailed observation by the writer, three pairs which have been referred to me by the kindness of several institutions in this country. (It is by chance only that all these pairs are female). Of these five observations, four concordant uni-ovular twins belong to the schizophrenic form, one to the maniac-depressive.The history and literature regarding this trend of studies are referred to at some length, esp. the findings on criminal twins (Johannes Lange et al.) and the exhaustive material of F. J. Kallmann, New York, which latter did observe 953 pairs of schizophrenics, 75 pairs of maniac-depressives, 96 involution psychoses, etc. These studies and those by other authors show a concordance - meaning appearance of the same illness in both twins -of nearly 100% in maniac-depressives, and of up to 86% in schizophrenics. The limited discordance in schizophrenia is dealt with and explained by factors other than environmental - or (as some hold) even psychological influences on the genesis of schizophrenia. The « mother-child complex », meaning the influence of earliest childhood, is unacceptable as a factor in the origin of child schizophrenia.Therefore, observation of twins provides important conclusions on the constitutional or hereditary character of serious psychoses, as well as on criminality, suicide, homo-sexuality, involution psychosis, epilepsy, mongolism, mental debility, and many other problems of psychiatry and the important problem of influences by « nature and nurture », or constitution and environment, on psychic illness. All these make it possible to revise, in the sense of genetic constitution, several opinions held in psychotherapy, psycho-analysis, and psycho-somatics.

Lo studio del torace dei gemelli con la stratigrafia assiale

SUMMARYThe Authors have studied radiographically the thorax of 11 pairs of uniovular twins and of 16 pairs of binovular twins. They have performed and analyzed the standard radiographics of the thorax as well as four transverse laminagrams. The results show a greater concordance of the cardio-vascular shadow and that of the pulmonary hili in the uniovular twins. This concordance is more marked and demonstrative in the transverse laminagrams than in the standard radiography. The Authors think that this finding is due to a lower incidence of the functional variants in transverse laminagrams. Moreover, they have given the name of lingua pectoralis to a peculiar radiographic image of the anterior mediastinus.

A case of uni-ovular twins of which one child was normal and the other had the syndrome of mongolism.

An African woman of about 40 years old reported to the out-patients' department on 31st January 1955 because of nausea and vomiting, with amenorrhoea of three months duration. Examination revealed a 2-months' pregnancy. She had six normal deliveries of which three children were still living.On 3rd February she reported again, complaining of stomach-ache and diarrhoea. The stool examination showed some leucocytes and erythrocytes, but no amoebae, cysts or parasitic ova. On 23rd February the woman again reported, this time with a simple pharyngitis. She came again on 29th June for pre-natal examination and treatment. She had no complaints and was seen to be about 32 weeks pregnant, with a moderate degree of hydramnios. The foetal heart was inaudible.On 1st August she was admitted to hospital in labour. The membranes were intact, the cervix fully dilatated and presentation was occipito-anterior of the vertex. Artificial rupture of the membranes released only a small amount of amniotic fluid, but labour proceeded normally with the usual quantity of fluid accompanying the birth. Immediately this child was born another bag of waters presented, which was ruptured to release about six pints of amniotic fluid. A second baby now presented by the breech and was delivered by Bracht's method. We noticed at once that this second baby was affected by mongolism.

A deaf-mute and a "hearing-mute" uniovular twin.

Summary1. Description of an identical, concordant, deaf mute twin suffering from a perceptive deafness. In the family there occurs no more deafness, on the other hand there are many twins, both M T and D T among their relatives.2. Description of an identical, concordant, “hearing mute” twin. Up to their eigth year they did not talk at all, they learned speaking when they made their entrance into the Institute for deaf-mutes. They are feebleminded. A brother speaks badly and is slow in intellect too, three cousins of their mother were idiotic.

Congenital heart disease in one of uniovular twins.

Congenital heart disease in one of uniovular twins.

UNIOVULAR TWINS SHOWING GROWTH DISPARITY DUE TO RENAL DWARFISM

UNIOVULAR TWINS SHOWING GROWTH DISPARITY DUE TO RENAL DWARFISM