Unintentional Injuries Research Articles

Disease burden and risk factors of children aged 0–14 years in China: a retrospective study on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

ObjectivesThis study aimed to analyse the current status, trends and risk factors of disease burden from 1990 to 2019 among Chinese children.Design and participantsIt was a retrospective study on data...

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized unintentional injuries among children in central China from 2017–2023

ObjectivesTo examine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospitalized unintentional injuries among children in Central China and theoretically propose preventive and control measures.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of children aged 0–18 years with unintentional injuries who were admitted to a tertiary hospital in Central China from January 2017 to December 2023. We examined various aspects of the unintentional injuries, including age, gender, urban-rural distribution, external causes, trends, location of injury, cost, and length of stay.ResultsA total of 20,166 children with hospitalized unintentional injuries were enrolled. The median age with IQR was 2.8 (1.6, 5.1) years, with majority of the patients (57.0%) were aged 1–3 years, while the fewest were aged 11–18 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1, and the urban-to-rural ratio was 1.1:1. The most common external causes were foreign bodies (41.7%), exposure to inanimate mechanical forces (25.1%), and falls (22.1%). The most frequently injured body parts were head (72.5%). The total number of unintentional injuries exhibited an increasing trend from 2017–2022, and a decreasing trend from 2022–2023. The urban-rural distribution reversed after 2020. The overall hospitalization cost was 20,810,870.4 USD, with an median cost of 758.7 (556.4, 1,186.2) USD per person.ConclusionUnintentional injuries imposed a heavy burden on society and families. However, the number of cases and the urban-rural distribution showed significant trend changes from 2017–2023. The external causes varied by age group, gender, and region, while prevention and control measures should be developed accordingly.

Ethnic variation in access to publicly funded care for unintentional injuries in older adults in Aotearoa New Zealand: a retrospective study

BackgroundMāori (the Indigenous people of Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ)) are more likely to experience injury than non-Māori, but less likely to have effective access to publicly funded injury care services....

Social Determinants of Health Among American Indians and Alaska Natives and Tribal Communities: Comparison with Other Major Racial and Ethnic Groups in the United States, 1990-2022.

Limited research exists on health inequities between American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs), tribal communities, and other population groups in the United States. To address this gap in research, we conducted time-trend analyses of social determinants of health and disease outcomes for AIANs as a whole and specific tribal communities and compared them with those from the other major racial/ethnic groups. We used data from the 1990-2022 National Vital Statistics System, 2015-2022 American Community Survey, and the 2018-2020 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine socioeconomic, health, disability, disease, and mortality patterns for AIANs. In 2021, life expectancy at birth was 70.6 years for AIANs, lower than that for Asian/Pacific Islanders (APIs) (84.1), Hispanics (78.8), and non-Hispanic Whites (76.3). All racial/ethnic groups experienced a decline in life expectancy between the pre-pandemic year of 2019 and the peak pandemic year of 2021. However, the impact of COVID-19 was the greatest for AIANs and Blacks whose life expectancy decreased by 6.3 and 5.8 years, respectively. The infant mortality rate for AIANs was 8.5 per 1,000 live births, 78% higher than the rate for non-Hispanic Whites. One in five AIANs assessed their physical and mental health as poor, at twice the rate of non-Hispanic Whites or the general population. COVID-19 was the leading cause of death among AIANs in 2021. Risks of mortality from alcohol-related problems, drug overdose, unintentional injuries, and homicide were higher among AIANs than the general population. AIANs had the highest overall disability, mental and ambulatory disability, health uninsurance, unemployment, and poverty rates, with differences in these indicators varying markedly across the AIAN tribes. AIANs remain a disadvantaged racial/ethnic group in the US in many health and socioeconomic indicators, with poverty rates in many Native American tribal groups and reservations exceeding 40%.

Asociación entre la intencionalidad de la enfermedad traumática y la renta media del área de residencia

Asociación entre la intencionalidad de la enfermedad traumática y la renta media del área de residencia

A joinpoint analysis examining trends in firearm injuries at six us trauma centers from 2016 to 2022

BackgroundThere is an epidemic of firearm injuries in the United States since the mid-2000s. Thus, we sought to examine whether hospitalization from firearm injuries have increased over time, and to examine temporal changes in patient demographics, firearm injury intent, and injury severity.MethodsThis was a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study of patients hospitalized with a traumatic injury to six US level I trauma centers between 1/1/2016 and 6/30/2022. ICD-10-CM cause codes were used to identify and describe firearm injuries. Temporal trends were compared for demographics (age, sex, race, insured status), intent (assault, unintentional, self-harm, legal intervention, and undetermined), and severity (death, ICU admission, severe injury (injury severity score ≥ 16), receipt of blood transfusion, mechanical ventilation, and hospital and ICU LOS (days). Temporal trends were examined over 13 six-month intervals (H1, January–June; H2, July–December) using joinpoint regression and reported as semi-annual percent change (SPC); significance was p < 0.05.ResultsFirearm injuries accounted for 2.6% (1908 of 72,474) of trauma hospitalizations. The rate of firearm injuries initially declined from 2016-H1 to 2018-H2 (SPC = − 4.0%, p = 0.002), followed by increased rates from 2018-H2 to 2020-H1 (SPC = 9.0%, p = 0.005), before stabilizing from 2020-H1 to 2022-H1 (0.5%, p = 0.73). NH black patients had the greatest hospitalization rate from firearm injuries (14.0%) and were the only group to demonstrate a temporal increase (SPC = 6.3%, p < 0.001). The proportion of uninsured patients increased (SPC = 2.3%, p = 0.02) but there were no temporal changes by age or sex. ICU admission rates declined (SPC = − 2.2%, p < 0.001), but ICU LOS increased (SPC = 2.8%, p = 0.04). There were no significant changes over time in rates of death (SPC = 0.3%), severe injury (SPC = 1.6%), blood transfusion (SPC = 0.6%), and mechanical ventilation (SPC = 0.6%). When examined by intent, self-harm injuries declined over time (SPC = − 4.1%, p < 0.001), assaults declined through 2019-H2 (SPC = − 5.6%, p = 0.01) before increasing through 2022-H1 (SPC = 6.5%, p = 0.01), while undetermined injuries increased through 2019-H1 (SPC = 24.1%, p = 0.01) then stabilized (SPC = − 4.5%, p = 0.39); there were no temporal changes in unintentional injuries or legal intervention.ConclusionsHospitalizations from firearm injuries are increasing following a period of declines, driven by increases among NH Black patients. Trauma systems need to consider these changing trends to best address the needs of the injured population.

Youth Health Risk Behavior Assessment among University Students in Baghdad, Iraq

INTRODUCTION: Health risk behavior is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The social and economic costs associated with these behaviors can be reduced by changes in individuals&amp;rsquo; behavior. Health-related behavior can either enhance or damage physical, psychological and social wellbeing. Human behavior is influenced by an individual&amp;rsquo;s health consciousness. OBJECTIVE is to study health related behavior that includes dietary habits, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption, screen time and behavior related to unintentional injury among students attending public universities in Baghdad. METHODS: Study design is Cross Sectional Study; sampling method is multi-stage Cluster sampling. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect student data, a total of 1836 students participated in the study RESULTS: Among the 1836 students who participated in the study, 21.4% are smokers, only 3.4% use seatbelts while driving, 11% took medicine without prescription and 78% did not perform regular exercise. 85% of students use the internet at least three hours per day. Dietary habits of students were average based on diet recommendation. CONCLUSION: Health related behavior traits were average among university students in Baghdad. Policy changes to reinforce stringent road traffic safety measures and initiate regular health promotion programs in universities to motivate students to be more proactive towards their health and fitness.

Preventable Premature Deaths from the Five Leading Causes of Death in Nonmetropolitan and Metropolitan Counties, United States, 2010-2022.

A 2019 report quantified the higher percentage of potentially excess (preventable) deaths in U.S. nonmetropolitan areas compared with metropolitan areas during 2010-2017. In that report, CDC compared national, regional, and state estimates of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death in nonmetropolitan and metropolitan counties during 2010-2017. This report provides estimates of preventable premature deaths for additional years (2010-2022). 2010-2022. Mortality data for U.S. residents from the National Vital Statistics System were used to calculate preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death among persons aged <80 years. CDC's National Center for Health Statistics urban-rural classification scheme for counties was used to categorize the deaths according to the urban-rural county classification level of the decedent's county of residence (1: large central metropolitan [most urban], 2: large fringe metropolitan, 3: medium metropolitan, 4: small metropolitan, 5: micropolitan, and 6: noncore [most rural]). Preventable premature deaths were defined as deaths among persons aged <80 years that exceeded the number expected if the death rates for each cause in all states were equivalent to those in the benchmark states (i.e., the three states with the lowest rates). Preventable premature deaths were calculated separately for the six urban-rural county categories nationally, the 10 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services public health regions, and the 50 states and the District of Columbia. During 2010-2022, the percentage of preventable premature deaths among persons aged <80 years in the United States increased for unintentional injury (e.g., unintentional poisoning including drug overdose, unintentional motor vehicle traffic crash, unintentional drowning, and unintentional fall) and stroke, decreased for cancer and chronic lower respiratory disease (CLRD), and remained stable for heart disease. The percentages of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death were higher in rural counties in all years during 2010-2022. When assessed by the six urban-rural county classifications, percentages of preventable premature deaths in the most rural counties (noncore) were consistently higher than in the most urban counties (large central metropolitan and fringe metropolitan) for the five leading causes of death during the study period.During 2010-2022, preventable premature deaths from heart disease increased most in noncore (+9.5%) and micropolitan counties (+9.1%) and decreased most in large central metropolitan counties (-10.2%). Preventable premature deaths from cancer decreased in all county categories, with the largest decreases in large central metropolitan and large fringe metropolitan counties (-100.0%; benchmark achieved in both county categories in 2019). In all county categories, preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury increased, with the largest increases occurring in large central metropolitan (+147.5%) and large fringe metropolitan (+97.5%) counties. Preventable premature deaths from CLRD decreased most in large central metropolitan counties where the benchmark was achieved in 2019 and increased slightly in noncore counties (+0.8%). In all county categories, preventable premature deaths from stroke decreased from 2010 to 2013, remained constant from 2013 to 2019, and then increased in 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Percentages of preventable premature deaths varied across states by urban-rural county classification during 2010-2022. During 2010-2022, nonmetropolitan counties had higher percentages of preventable premature deaths from the five leading causes of death than did metropolitan counties nationwide, across public health regions, and in most states. The gap between the most rural and most urban counties for preventable premature deaths increased during 2010-2022 for four causes of death (cancer, heart disease, CLRD, and stroke) and decreased for unintentional injury. Urban and suburban counties (large central metropolitan, large fringe metropolitan, medium metropolitan, and small metropolitan) experienced increases in preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury during 2010-2022, leading to a narrower gap between the already high (approximately 69% in 2022) percentage of preventable premature deaths in noncore and micropolitan counties. Sharp increases in preventable premature deaths from unintentional injury, heart disease, and stroke were observed in 2020, whereas preventable premature deaths from CLRD and cancer continued to decline. CLRD deaths decreased during 2017-2020 but increased in 2022. An increase in the percentage of preventable premature deaths for multiple leading causes of death was observed in 2020 and was likely associated with COVID-19-related conditions that contributed to increased mortality from heart disease and stroke. Routine tracking of preventable premature deaths based on urban-rural county classification might enable public health departments to identify and monitor geographic disparities in health outcomes. These disparities might be related to different levels of access to health care, social determinants of health, and other risk factors. Identifying areas with a high prevalence of potentially preventable mortality might be informative for interventions.

Comparison of short-term outcomes of D2 and D3 lymph nodes dissection for colon cancer

Background. D3 lymph node dissection remains controversial in colon cancer surgery.Aim. To compare the short-term of D2 and D3 lymph nodes dissection for colon cancer.Materials and methods. Design of the study – prospective randomize controlled study. Inclusion criteria: age over 18 years, colon adenocarcinoma cT3–4n0–2m0, patient consent to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria: distant metastases diagnosed preoperatively, cTis–T2, cT4b (pancreas, stomach, small intestine, ureter, bladder, kidney), emergent cases (limited to tumor perforation, acute bowel obstruction), history of previous chemotherapy or radiation therapy, synchronous or metachronous cancer, pregnancy or breastfeeding, refusal to participate in the study. withdrawal criteria were exploratory laparotomy/laparoscopy or other reasons for refusing resection.Results. A total of 436 patients were included in the study no differences were found in the clinical characteristics of groups D2 and D3. In the D2 lymph node dissection group the incidence of unintentional vascular injuries was in 7 (3.2 %) patients, in the D3 lymph node dissection group – in 15 (6.9 %) patients (p = 0.12). The operating time increased by 30 minutes in D3 lymph node dissection group (p p = 0.42). Hartmann’s procedure was performed in 2 (0.9 %) patients in the D2 lymph node dissection group. Complications IIIb were recorded in 5 (2.3 %) and 9 (4.1 %) patients in lymph node dissection groups D2 and D3, respectively (p = 0.42). Anastomotic leakage was not observed in the D2 lymph node dissection group; in the D3 lymph node dissection group, it was diagnosed in 3 (1.4 %) patients (p = 0.25). postoperative multiple-organ failure (Iv) or mortality (v) were not observed. grade 3 quality of the specimen was observed in 160 (73.4 %) patients in the D2 lymph node dissection group, 163 (74.8 %) in the D3 lymph node dissection group (p = 0.79). The median number of lymph node harvested was 11 more in the D3 lymph node dissection group (p &lt; 0.001). Apical lymph nodes were positive in 5 (2.3 %) patients in the D3 lymph node dissection group. There was no difference between the groups in R0 resection margin.Conclusion. D3 lymph node dissection is safe in terms of short-term outcomes in the treatment of colon cancer.

Relations Between Self-reported Prescription Hydrocodone, Oxycodone, and Tramadol Use and Unintentional Injuries Among Those With Spinal Cord Injury

ObjectiveTo identify the relations of 3 frequently used prescription opioids (hydrocodone, oxycodone, tramadol) with unintentional injuries, including fall-related and non–fall-related injuries among adults with chronic, traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). DesignCross-sectional cohort study. SettingCommunity setting; Southeastern United States. ParticipantsAdult participants (N=918) with chronic traumatic SCI were identified from a specialty hospital and state population-based registry and completed a self-report assessment. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresSelf-reported fall-related and non–fall-related unintentional injuries serious enough to receive medical care in a clinic, emergency room, or hospital within the previous 12 months. ResultsJust over 20% of participants reported ≥1 unintentional injury in the past year, with an average of 2.16 among those with ≥1. Overall, 9.6% reported fall-related injuries. Only hydrocodone was associated with any past-year unintentional injuries. Hydrocodone taken occasionally (no more than monthly) or regularly (weekly or daily) was related to 2.63 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52-4.56) or 2.03 (95% CI, 1.15-3.60) greater odds of having ≥1 unintentional injury in the past year, respectively. Hydrocodone taken occasionally was also associated with past-year non–fall-related injuries (OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.12-4.31). Each of the 3 opioids was significantly related to fall-related injuries. Taking hydrocodone occasionally was associated with 2.39 greater odds of fall-related injuries, and regular use was associated with 2.31 greater odds. Regular use of oxycodone was associated with 2.44 odds of a fall-related injury (95% CI, 1.20-4.98), and regular use of tramadol was associated with 2.59 greater odds of fall-related injury (95% CI, 1.13-5.90). ConclusionsInjury prevention efforts must consider the potential effect of opioid use, particularly hydrocodone. For preventing fall-related injuries, each of the 3 opioids must be considered.

Unintentional injuries and falls in populations in Russia. The Ural eye and medical study and the Ural very old study

BackgroundTo explore the prevalence of self-reported unintentional injuries and falls (UIFs) in medium-aged and old populations in Russia and factors associated with them. MethodsTwo population-based studies (Ural Eye and Medical Study (UEMS), Ural Very Old Study (UVOS)) were carried out urban and rural areas in Bashkortostan/Russia. They consisted of 5899 individuals (age: 40+ years) and 1526 participants (age: 85+ years), respectively. We assessed previous falls as part of an interview with standardized questions, conducted in the framework of a series medical and ophthalmological assessments. ResultsIn the UEMS with 5894 individuals (age:59.0 ± 10.7 years), UIF prevalence was 1101/5894 (18.7 %; 95 % confidence interval (CI)CI:17.7,19.7), with 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, or 10+ UIFs reported by 766 (69.6 %),146 (13.3 %),56 (1.4 %),15 (1.4 %),19 (1.7 %),3 (0.3 %),2 (0.2 %),1 (0.01 %), and 10 (0.9 %) participants, respectively. The UIFs had occurred as outdoor incidents (n = 594; 53.8 %), at home (n = 162; 14.7 %), on the road or traffic accidents (n = 109; 9.9 %), at work (n = 77; 7.0 %), during garden work (n = 24; 2.2 %) or as falls from a higher level (n = 17; 1.5 %) or from house roofs (n = 16; 1.4 %). In 100 (1.7 % of the total study population; 9.1 % of the group with UIFs) participants, low vision was reported as a major cause for the UIF. Higher UIF prevalence was associated (multivariable analysis) with older age (odds ratio (OR):1.01; 95%CI:1.005,1.02;P < 0.001), urban region of habitation (OR:1.59; 95%CI:1.37,1.85;P = 0.001), higher smoking package number (OR:1.01; 95%CI:1.004,1.01;P = 0.001), longer waist circumference (OR:1.01; 95%CI:1.002,1.01;P = 0.008), higher prevalence of a history of arthritis (OR:1.38; 95%CI:1.18,1.62;P < 0.001) and backache (OR:1.73; 95%CI:1.49,2.02;P < 0.001), and higher depression score (OR:1.05; 95%CI:1.03,1.07;P < 0.001). Out of 1525 UVOS participants (age:88.8 ± 2.9 years; range:85–103.1 years), the UIF prevalence was 780/1525 (51.1 %; 95%CI: 48.6, 53.6), with 390 (50.0 %), 116 (14.8 %), 49 (6.3 %), 12 (1.5 %), 8 (1.0 %), 2 (0.3 %), 4 (0.5 %), 1 (0.1 %), and 15 (1.9 %) participants reported about 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,or 10+ UIFs, respectively. The UIFs had occurred as outdoor incidents (n = 386; 25.3 %), at home (n = 214; 14.0 %), on the road or traffic accidents (n = 22; 1.4 %), at work (n = 21; 1.4 %), during garden work (n = 10; 0.7 %) or as falls from a higher level (n = 11; 0.7 %) or from house roofs (n = 1; 0.1 %). A higher UIC prevalence correlated with female sex (OR:1.65; 95%CI:1.30,2.09;P < 0.001) and Russian ethnicity (OR:1.26; 95%CI:1.02,1.56;P = 0.03). ConclusionsUIFs have occurred to a substantial part of the adult and very old population in Russia.

Impact Of Walking And The OTAGO Exercise Program On Improving Balance Parameters In The Elderly

There will likely be a rise in fall rates as the population ages. This will impact our society and put more strain on healthcare systems by increasing the number of unintentional injuries and injury-related deaths. According to Zijlstra et al. (2007), falls have a significant psychological impact on individuals, frequently leading to diminished confidence, decreased functional activity, deconditioning, and an elevated risk of falls. Estimated costs of fall-related damage to older adults owing to demographic changes in Australia (2003) predict that by 2051, fall-related injuries, which currently account for 5% of the country's overall health budget, would triple and cost the Australian health system about $1,375 million annually. Exercise and other modifications in lifestyle can potentially reduce the risk of many physical falls (Gregg et al., 2000; Sherrington et al., 2011). The current recommendations for physical exercise among older persons, which include elements of aerobic, resistance, and balance training, are not met by many of them. According to Chodzko-Zajko et al. (2009), the American College of Sports Medicine (ASCM) advises older persons to engage in aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility exercises. People who have mobility issues or are at risk of falling should also engage in certain activities designed to enhance their balance. We determined that the study's subjects would be third-age individuals (over 65) who reside in assisted living facilities located in Tirana's district and city due to the issues that this demographic faces. Keywords: falls prevention, ageing, nursing home support services, quality of life, older people, walking, OTAGO exercise program, balance, preventive care.

Cross-sectional study of education and knowledge of unintentional injury prevention and postinjury response given by the parents or caregivers of children in Malvani slum area of Mumbai Suburban District, India

BackgroundChild injuries significantly impact health and development, shaping the nation’s future. With proper knowledge, parents or primary caregivers can effectively prevent, address, and treat these predictable injuries.MethodsFace-to-face interviews were conducted...

Characteristics of firearm injury by injury intent: The need for tailored interventions.

While the United States has high quality data on firearm-related deaths, less information is available on those who arrive at trauma centers alive, especially those discharged from the emergency department. This study sought to describe characteristics of patients arriving to trauma centers alive following a firearm injury, postulating that significant differences in firearm injury intent might provide insights into injury prevention strategies. This was a multicenter prospective cohort study of patients treated for firearm-related injuries at 128 US trauma centers from March 2021 to February 2022. Data collected included patient-level sociodemographic, injury and clinical characteristics, community characteristics, and context of injury. The outcome of interest was the association between these factors and the intent of firearm injury. Measures of urbanicity, community distress, and strength of state firearm laws were used to characterize patient communities. A total of 15,232 patients presented with firearm-related injuries across 128 centers in 41 states. Overall, 9.5% of patients died, and deaths were more common among law enforcement and self-inflicted firearm injuries (80.9% and 50.5%, respectively). These patients were also more likely to have a history of mental illness. Self-inflicted firearm injuries were more common in older White men from rural and less distressed communities, whereas firearm assaults were more common in younger Black men from urban and more distressed communities. Unintentional injuries were more common among younger patients and in states with lower firearm safety grades, whereas law enforcement-related injuries occurred most often in unemployed patients with a history of mental illness. Injury, clinical, sociodemographic, and community characteristics among patients injured by a firearm significantly differed between intents. With the goal of reducing firearm-related deaths, strategies and interventions need to be tailored to include community improvement and services that address specific patient risk factors for firearm injury intent. Prognostic and Epidemiological; Level III.

Pediatric and Young Adult Trauma Recidivism.

Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death among children. Much can be gleaned from the adult literature in understanding the characteristics that lead to recidivism in efforts to establish interventions for prevention. Our study aims to evaluate the rates, demographics, and features of pediatric trauma recidivism. This was a retrospective single-institution review at a level-1 pediatric trauma center of children and young adults (ages 0-28) with traumatic injuries from January 2008 to April 2023. Patients with 1 or more prior visits to our institution's trauma center (recidivists) were identified and compared with those with single admissions. Chi-square tests were used to statistically analyze the two groups. Pediatric/young adult trauma recidivists were 4.4% of the total trauma population captured (n = 14,613). Of the total trauma group, 55% were under 18 years old. Recidivists had higher percentages of patients who were male (82% vs 69%, P < .01), African American (36% vs 24%, P < .01), involved in penetrating trauma (33% vs 17%, P < .01), self-pay/uninsured (17% vs 12%, P < .01), and have abuse reported (5% vs 4%, P = .04). The primary county for recidivism patients was Forsyth with most patients from a specific zip code in an urban area of the county. The average time between visits for recidivists was 1,066days. Pediatric/young adult trauma recidivism is associated with specific characteristics including male, African American race, penetrating trauma, and uninsured status. Recidivists are primarily presenting from a zip code with low socioeconomic status. It is critical to develop targeted interventions to help this population in trauma prevention.

IJCM_266A: Epidemiological Factors and Patterns of Unintentional Injuries In Children (0-14years), Admitted At A Tertiary Health Care Center, Jabalpur M.P

Background: Injuries are a leading cause of mortality among children, responsible for roughly one million deaths worldwide annually. Unintentional Injuries constitutes 90% of these. Southeast Asian region contributes to about one-third of all global injuries but there is paucity of data from our setting Objective: To describe the pattern, epidemiological factors and outcome of unintentional injuries among children aged 0-14 years reporting at a Tertiary Care Centre. Methodology: A prospective observational study was done among children with unintentional injuries admitted under NSCB medical college and hospital, Jabalpur, between Sep-Oct 2023. All children age. Results: Out of 66 cases admitted, majority were males (53.03% vs 46.97% females). Among all, animal related injuries were highest, followed by fall- related, road-traffic accidents, burn, trauma, poisoning and drowning. In-hospital mortality (12%) was reported among very few. Most common age group affected was 11-14 years and least among infants. Most of the injuries were occurred in home (50%) followed by streets &amp; highways (30%). One third of all were polytraumatic cases. In RTA pillion rider were commonly get injury than front riders and walkers. Conclusion: The results can help in designing injury prevention strategies and awareness programs in similar settings.

Care seeking behavior of the victims of unintentional injuries: A community-based study in a community development block of Purba Bardhaman District, West Bengal.

Care-seeking after injury episodes is generally associated with major uncertainties concerning its incidence, care, and cure/disappearance, and the price of care. Though the utilization pattern of the population is shaped by social, economic, cultural and political factors, it varies widely for the rich and the poor. With this background, a community-based epidemiological study was conducted to determine the care-seeking behavior of victims of unintentional injuries. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2023-September 2023 in the Bhatar block of Purba Bardhaman district, West Bengal. Cluster random sampling was applied to select a required sample of 555 individuals from 24 villages. Study tools used were predesigned and pretested schedules developed by the researchers with the help of guidelines for conducting community surveys on injuries provided by the World Health Organization (WHO). The study had approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS V16. Out of 49 injury episodes, 51.0% had received first aid. Out of 39 injury episodes seeking medical attention, a traditional practitioner, healer or bone setter was the type of first medical contact in the case of the majority of injury episodes (38.5%), followed by a hospital (35.9%). Low utilization of government healthcare facilities is a cause for concern. Reliance on unqualified informal healthcare providers is also a cause for concern. Our findings will help design community interventions to increase the provision of appropriate first aid in unintentional injuries.

Impact of temperature-controlled endobiliary radiofrequency ablation for inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Background and study aims Endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be an effective palliative treatment, but few studies have evaluated its outcomes for malignant obstruction in the hilar bile duct, which has a thin wall and complex duct-vascular contacts. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of temperature-controlled endobiliary RFA, which can reduce the risk of unintentional thermal injury by maintaining the temperature of the ablation segment, in the treatment of inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Patients and methods After propensity score matching, 64 patients with inoperable hilar CCA were categorized to the RFA + stent group (endobiliary RFA with stenting; n=32) or stent-only group (stenting only; n=32). The evaluated outcomes were the median time to recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs). Results Technical success was achieved in all patients. The clinical success rate was 93.8% in the RFA + stent group and 87.5% in the stent-only group ( P =0.672). The median time to RBO was 242 days in the RFA + stent group and 168 days in the stent-only group ( P =0.031). The median OS showed a non-significant tendency to be higher in the RFA + stent group (337 versus 296 days; P =0.260). Overall AE rates were comparable between the two groups (12.5% vs 9.4%, P =1.000). Conclusions Temperature-controlled endobiliary RFA resulted in favorable stent patency without increasing the rate of AEs but it did not significantly increase OS in patients with inoperable hilar CCA (Clinical trial registration number: KCT0008576).

The Injury Prevention Program to Reduce Early Childhood Injuries: A Cluster Randomized Trial.

The American Academy of Pediatrics designed The Injury Prevention Program (TIPP) in 1983 to help pediatricians prevent unintentional injuries, but TIPP's effectiveness has never been formally evaluated. We sought to evaluate the impact of TIPP on reported injuries in the first 2 years of life. We conducted a stratified, cluster-randomized trial at 4 academic medical centers: 2centers trained their pediatric residents and implemented TIPP screening and counseling materials at all well-child checks (WCCs) for ages 2 to 24 months, and 2 centers implemented obesity prevention. At each WCC, parents reported the number of child injuries since the previous WCC. Proportional odds logistic regression analyses with generalized estimating equation examined the extent to which the number of injuries reported were reduced at TIPP intervention sites compared with control sites, adjusting for baseline child, parent, and household factors. A total of 781 parent-infant dyads (349 TIPP; 432 control) were enrolled and had sufficient data to qualify for analyses: 51% Hispanic, 28% non-Hispanic Black, and 87% insured by Medicaid. Those at TIPP sites had significant reduction in the adjusted odds of reported injuries compared with non-TIPP sites throughout the follow-up (P = .005), with adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of 0.77 (0.66-0.91), 0.60 (0.44-0.82), 0.32 (0.16-0.62), 0.26 (0.12-0.53), and 0.27 (0.14-0.52) at 4, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. In this cluster-randomized trial with predominantly low-income, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Black families, TIPP resulted in a significant reduction in parent-reported injuries. Our study provides evidence for implementing the American Academy of Pediatrics' TIPP in routine well-child care.

IJCM_122A: Factors affecting physical inactivity among youth

Background: Non-communicable diseases pose significant public health problem, and prevention efforts are mainly aimed at addressing their risk factors. Unhealthy lifestyle including physical inactivity gets initiated early in life. Hence identifying the factors associated with physical inactivity among youth is essential for developing targeted interventions. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with physical inactivity among youth in Kolar district, Karnataka. Methodology: The present study is a secondary data analysis of a cross- sectional study undertaken in the Kolar district of Karnataka. Information on various risk factors was collected as part of the Kolar Youth Health Survey. Physical inactivity is defined as any those achieving less than 600 MET minutes of physical activity in the previous week and was assessed using WHO tool GPAQ. Univariate and multivariate logistics regression analysis was undertaken to identify the factors associated with physical inactivity. Results: In Kolar, 82.7% of youth had less than recommended level of physical activity (&lt;600 MET minutes per week). Residing in urban area, being female increased the risk of physical inactivity. Individuals involved in occupations like cultivators, agricultural labourer’s and skilled workers had lower risk of physical inactivity. Students too had lower risk. Youth engaged in community volunteering activities had lower risk of physical inactivity. Some of the risk factors or risk conditions like smokeless tobacco use, gambling, anxiety, history of road traffic injury and unintentional injury lowered the risk of physical inactivity. Conclusion: The prevalence of physical inactivity is high among youth in the Kolar district. Some of the sociodemographic factors pertaining to youth increases the risk of physical inactivity and these information needs to be utilized for implementing targeted interventions. However, the association between smokeless tobacco use, gambling, anxiety and injury with physical inactivity needs further exploration.