In response to the global challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), many countries have launched priority initiatives. The UK established a national action plan against AMR in 2000, followed by the USA and Germany in 2015. 1 German Federal GovernmentAvoiding antibiotic resistance DART 2020 Fourth interim report 2019. https://www.bundesgesundheitsministerium.de/fileadmin/Dateien/5_Publikationen/Praevention/Broschueren/DART2020_4-Zwischenbericht_2019_EN.pdfDate: 2019 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar , 2 The White HouseUSA National action plan for combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria. https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/pdf/national_action_plan_for_combating_antibotic-resistant_bacteria.pdfDate: March, 2015 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar , 3 UK GovernmentUK's five-year national action plan. Tackling antimicrobial resistance 2019–2024. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/784894/UK_AMR_5_year_national_action_plan.pdfDate: Jan 24, 2019 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar A crucial development in these initiatives, as well as AMR strategies in most Nordic and some southern EU countries such as Spain, 4 European UnionAntimicrobial resistance national action plans and strategies. https://ec.europa.eu/health/amr/national_action_plans_strategies_enDate: 2020 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar is a focus on a One Health perspective that includes priorities such as developing prevention strategies, breaking transmission chains, enhancing surveillance, improving treatment and diagnostics, and raising awareness nationally and internationally. The UK and the USA AMR plans also share a strong focus on developing stewardship strategies and improving international collaboration and capacities. The Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria has issued recommendations for the next US plan for 2020 to 2025 to incorporate surveillance systems as a broader One Health AMR surveillance system, develop an integrated federal One Health research strategy, and develop a national, interagency effort to address global AMR. 5 Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant BacteriaPriorities for the national action plan on combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria: 2020–2025. PACCARB Report with recommendations. https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/PACCARB%20NAP%20Report%20FINAL%20Approved%20by%20Council.pdfDate: July, 2019 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar Importantly, the UK plan places a focus on reducing the burden of infection, improving supply of and access to antimicrobials, and reducing unintentional exposure to antimicrobials, 3 UK GovernmentUK's five-year national action plan. Tackling antimicrobial resistance 2019–2024. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/784894/UK_AMR_5_year_national_action_plan.pdfDate: Jan 24, 2019 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar and sets out the first steps towards its broader 20-year vision to contain and control AMR by 2040. 6 UK GovernmentUK's 20-year vision for antimicrobial resistance. Contained and controlled. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/773065/uk-20-year-vision-for-antimicrobial-resistance.pdfDate: 2019 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar All these initiatives refer to WHO's 2015 global action plan on AMR 7 WHOGlobal action plan on antimicrobial resistance. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/193736/9789241509763_eng.pdf?sequence=1Date: 2015 Date accessed: March 3, 2020 Google Scholar that stimulated the deployment of national research strategies to combat AMR.