Unhealthy Food Habits Research Articles

Unhealthy Food Habits Are Related To Oral Health In Portuguese Children

Unhealthy Food Habits Are Related To Oral Health In Portuguese Children

Validation and Reliability of Lifestyle Instruments for Indonesian Adolescents with Hypertension Family History: A Rasch Model

BACKGROUND: There are lifestyle changes among adolescents in this modern era, such as less physical activities, because many activities can be carried out using modern technology, unhealthy food habits such as eating junk food, canned food and beverages, and preserved fruits and vegetables, poor sleeping habits, stress, and smoking behavior. These lifestyles are harmful and lead to cardiometabolic diseases such as obesity and hypertension, especially in adolescents with hypertension history in the family. AIM: This study aimed to assess the validation and reliability of healthy lifestyle instruments for Indonesian adolescents with a family history of hypertension. METHODS: This study is a survey research conducted from July 2021 to February 2022 in South Sumatera, Indonesia. The subjects were adolescents with a family history of hypertension and recruited using purposive random sampling. Adolescents aged 10–18 years old who returned signed parental consent forms, gave written assent to participate, and completed the questionnaire were included in the study. The questionnaire was consisted of three sections, Section I contained internal factors, Section II related to external factors, and Section III related to healthy lifestyle. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung. Winsteps software was used to analyze the validity, reliability, unidimentionality, and rating scale. RESULTS: Obtained 103 valid question items with OUTFIT values 0.5 < mean square < 1.5; −2.0 < ZSTD < 2.0; and the point measure correlation (Pt Mean Corr) value is in the range of 0.32 < Pt Measure Corr < 0.85. The reliability value of respondents and instruments is 0.88, with a ’Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.95. The raw variance explained by the measured value is 72.3%, and all unexplained variance values are <15%. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy lifestyle instruments are valid and reliable, so it is feasible to measure the healthy lifestyle of Indonesian adolescents with a family history of hypertension. This instrument can measure the success of a program or intervention in changing a lifestyle in adolescents at risk of developing hypertension, especially adolescents with a family history of hypertension. We suggest further research involving more participants in a broader area. We hope the healthy lifestyle instruments can be used in a standardized manner for all regions of Indonesia.

Is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus a Behavioural Disorder? An Evidence Review for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Remission through Lifestyle Modification.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is steadily rising worldwide due to an increasingly sedentary lifestyle combined with unhealthy food habits. Currently, the burden of diabetes on healthcare systems is unprecedented and rising daily. Several observational studies and randomized controlled trials provide clinical evidence that T2DM remission is possible by adopting dietary interventions and a strict exercise training protocol. Notably, these studies provide ample evidence for remission in patients with T2DM or for prevention in those with risk factors for the disease through various non-pharmacological behavioural interventions. In this article, we present two clinical cases of individuals who showed remission from T2DM/prediabetes via behavioural changes, especially through the adoption of a low-energy diet and exercise. We also discuss the recent advances in T2DM and obesity research, focusing on nutritional interventions and exercise and their benefits for weight loss, improved metabolic profile, enhanced glycaemic control and remission of diabetes.

Potential Application of Yoga & Ayurveda for Preventing Psychological Burden of Skin Diseases w.s.r. Psoriasis.

Yoga is a traditional art and subtle science of body, mind and soul. Yoga deals with psychosomatic as well as soma-psychotic aspect of the disease, which connects body and mind. The psychosomatic aspect of treatment helps to know the relationship between body and mind. In considering the skin health and disease condition, the first point is to realize that the skin is a different body organ. Covering entire body which helps internal body organ from extreme temperature, attack of the pathogens, and other infections. An organ is defined as a group of cells bundled together in order to fulfil a specific physiological function. Secondly, the health of the skin cannot be neglect from the rest of the body organs. There are many reasons of skin problems but mostly it occurs due to undisciplined lifestyle, lack of sleep, unhealthy food habits, medication, environment and some extent due to genetic factors in some cases. Study have shown, Yoga helps to reduce psychosocial stress and allostatic load through the regular practice of Asana, Pranayama, Shatkarmas and Mudras, these techniques of Yoga work as a panacea in many chronic skin diseases like Psoriasis and related co-morbid conditions like stress, anxiety, depression and improve the quality of life of psoriatic patient.

Childhood sleep and obesity risk: A prospective cohort study of 10 000 Swedish children.

To identify factors affecting early childhood sleep, and investigate the relationship between sleep and overweight/obesity in childhood. Data were collected using parental-completed questionnaires from N=10.840 one-year-old children in the prospective ABIS-study (All Babies in Southeast Sweden), followed up until 8 years of age. Chi-squared test and Pearson Correlation were used to assess the relationship between covariates affecting the children's sleep. Subsequently, longitudinal mixed model analyses were used to predict the effect of different sleep dimensions (bedtime, sleep duration, sleep quality, and the number of awakenings) on BMI Z-scores. Children to parents born in Sweden, parents with higher education, non-single parents, non-smoking mothers during pregnancy, and children with fewer siblings, were more likely to have appropriate sleep habits at 1 year age. A greater number of awakenings and nocturnal feeds, and particularly later bedtime (β=-0.544, p < 0.0001) were linked to shorter sleep duration. Sleep duration early in life was negatively associated with BMI Z-scores (adjusted effect estimate [95% CI]: β=-0.09, [(-0.15) - (-0.03)], p=0.005) later. In addition, higher birth weight, small size for gestational age, unhealthy food habits, children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy, and higher parental BMI resulted in higher BMI Z-scores. The child's BMI Z-score increases by 0.09 units with every hour shorter sleep duration, indicating that short sleep duration might increase the risk of overweight and obesity in children. Parental educational interventions advising appropriate sleeping patterns should be considered when implementing strategies to combat the development of childhood obesity.

ORAL HEALTH CARE THROUGH AYURVEDA

Oral cavity is considered as one of important organ among precious supraclavicular organs. Its importance is very much due to its two important functions, one is eating and other one is speaking. Proper eating keeps healthy, energetic and providing strength to ght off sickness. Speaking allow us to communicate with others making us socially active. The ability to progress in life would be nearly impossible without both of these functions. To keep these proper, the oral cavity should be healthy. Oral health is a key indicator of overall general health, well-being and quality of life. Poor oral health can also lead to a slew of systemic problems later in life. It is reported, that diabetes mellitus is linked with the development and progression of periodontitis. As lack of oral care awareness and unhealthy food habits due to busy life, the prevalence of oral diseases is going on increase irrespective of age. Common among them are dental caries, periodontal diseases and even oral cancer. Most of the oral diseases are preventable. The progression of these diseases can also be arrested with change in diet and appropriate oral hygiene. Regarding oral health maintenance, Ayurveda recommends proper aahar vihar, some daily use procedures like dantdhavan, jihvanirlekhan, pratisaran, gandoosha and use of some single drugs decoction as mouth rinse. One can keep healthy oral cavity by following all these procedures.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Childhood Obesity and Lifestyle-A Report from Italy.

During the COVID-19 lockdown, especially in the first wave of pandemic (March 2020), sedentary lifestyle and calorie intake increase in children became considerably more prevalent. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate changes in children’s weights and nutritional habits during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. In this cross-sectional observational study, for 3 years, as part of the corporate wellness program (2019–2021) in Emilia Romagna region of Italy, anthropometric data of Ferrari car company employers’ children were collected, analyzed, and compared. Moreover, at the visit of November 2020, performed after the first wave of the pandemic with the most rigorous lockdown rules in Italy, a questionnaire on nutritional and lifestyle habits was administered. We evaluated 307 children (163 M, 10.1 ± 2.3 mean aged in 2019). A significant increase in BMI percentile in 2020 (65.2) compared to 2019 (49.2) was observed; it was confirmed, albeit slightly decreased, in 2021 (64.5). About one-third of participants reported an increase in consumption of fatty condiments and more than half report an increase in consumption of junk food. Levels of physical activity were still high during the COVID-19 lockdown, while sleeping time was significantly reduced. Our findings alert us to the importance of carefully monitoring eating behaviors in young to avoid the adoption of unhealthy food habits and prevent childhood obesity, especially during the period of COVID-19 lockdown.

Associations of childhood and adult socioeconomic circumstances with recommended food habits among young and midlife Finnish employees

BackgroundDisadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances are associated with certain unhealthy food habits such as inadequate consumption of fruit and vegetables. This study examined whether multiple socioeconomic measures are consistently associated with a variety of food habits.MethodsWe examined associations of 2 childhood and 6 adult socioeconomic measures with 8 recommended food habits among 19–39-year-old employees of the City of Helsinki, Finland. The data were collected in 2017 via online and mailed surveys. Our sample consisted of 4621 employees (80% women). The analyses included adjusted binary logistic regression models.ResultsMore advantaged socioeconomic circumstances were positively associated with the recommended consumption of vegetables, fruit or berries, dark bread, skimmed milk products, fish, and cooking oil, but not consistently with red or processed meat and fat spread. All socioeconomic measures were positively associated with having several (6–8) recommended food habits after gender and age adjustments. The strongest associations were found for participant’s education, occupational class, and current financial difficulties. These associations remained after adjustments of childhood and adult socioeconomic measures, although especially participant’s education attenuated the associations for occupational class.ConclusionsThe consistent associations between multiple childhood and adult socioeconomic measures and food habits found among employees highlight the need for improving food habits among people with disadvantaged socioeconomic circumstances in particular. Financial barriers together with social aspects of adhering to healthy diets should be considered in future dietary interventions and policy actions.

Virtual Class and Children Food Patterns during Pandemic: A Review

The new normal due to COVID-19 has changed the dynamics of every aspect of on life, be it household, professional life, finances, education or the food patterns. There has been lack of a fixed routine in the lives of children because of closure of schools, therefore the routine of wake up, sleep, time food timings have gone haywire. Children are indirectly affected by the pandemic, through poor diet, mental health effects, social isolation, screen addiction, unhealthy and irregular food habits. This paper is aimed at discussing the potential effect of pandemic on nutritional status of children; especially when children are indulged in continue classes for long hours, sitting one place. Data from various research papers have been discussed in this review paper, highlighting the impact of the new normal health of covid-19 on the nutritional health of children this situation requires effective and practical measures which can be adopted at the home setting to enhance the nutritional status and overall wellbeing of the children.&#x0D; &#x0D; Received: 9 March 2022 / Accepted: 30 June 2022 / Published: 5 July 2022

CLINICAL PROFILE OF ACUTE RIGHT VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN RELATION TO INFERIOR WALL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Coronary artery disease is the commonest form of heart disease and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the single most important cause of morbidity and mortality in India. There is increased incidence of acute myocardial infarction in developing countries because of multiple factors like unhealthy food habits, stress factors, increase in habits 3,4 like smoking and alcohol and rapid urbanization . There is an advent of newer diagnostic techniques for the disease, but still ECG remains the pillar as it is non-invasive and easily available. Right ventricular Myocardial infarction(RVMI) is diagnosed using right sided precordial leads (RPL) .With the introduction of RPL diagnosis of RVMI has become easy and economical. Isolated RVMI is not uncommon in acute MI and has its own therapeutic and prognostic implications. Management of RVMI differs from other MIs. The presence of RVMI is known to increase the chances of cardiogenic shock, 1 arrhythmias and conduction blocks .

Ayurvedic Management of Yuvanpidika: A Case Report

The face is an essential part of the body, and who does not want to have a glowing face as we know the first impression is the last impression, and the face is the mirror image which shows the mental and physical status of the body. Yuvanpidika is a burning issue in youngsters and due to hormonal derangements, unhealthy food habits and deranged routine and occurs mainly in the age group between 15 – 30 years. Acharya Susruta has advised Vamana procedure along with Bahya Lepa and some Shaman Oousadhis, which really works in alleviating the disease and helps in regaining the fair complexion of the face. Acharya Vagabhatta added, showing resemblance with Salmali Kantaka Pitika having pain with Ghana pidika filled with Meda and named it Mukhadushika or Yuvanapidika. In the current single case study 25 Years old female patient, Vamana, along with Nasya, followed by Siravedha from Lalatapradesha, was advised. Shamana Chikitsa (Kaishor Guggulu, Mahamanjisthadi kwath1 , Sarivadyasava and Local application with Vacha, Lodhra, Saindhava, Kustha and Kustumbru (Dhaniya) was also prescribed after Shodhana Chikitsa. In follow-up after six months, it was observed that there was no recurrence. In contrast, in modern counterparts, recurrence frequently occurs, so for the treatment of Mukhdushika, multifaceted Ayurveda treatment is found to have the upper hand with much fewer chances of recurrence.

Gene-Environment Interactions in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Dimensions: The Role of Unhealthy Food Habits.

Background: Dietary habits were investigated as environmental risk factors for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, no previous studies explored the effects of dietary factors on modifying the role of genetic factors on ADHD. Methods: Based on a Swedish population-based twin study with 1518 twin pairs aged 20–47 years, we tested whether the importance of genetic and environmental effects on ADHD varied as a function of dietary habits. Self-reported dietary habits and ADHD symptoms were collected. Twin methods were used to test the degree to which high-sugar and unhealthy food intake moderated the genetic and environmental influences on ADHD symptoms. Results: In middle-aged adults, genetic influences on inattention symptoms were statistically significantly higher among individuals with higher levels of high-sugar (45%, 95%CI: 25–54%) and unhealthy food intake (51%, 95%CI: 31–60%), compared with those with lower levels of consumption of high-sugar (36%, 95%CI: 25–47%) and unhealthy foods (30%, 95%CI: 20–41%). Similar patterns were also found for the associations between hyperactivity/impulsivity and high-sugar/unhealthy food intake, even though the moderation effects were not statistically significant. Conclusion The present study suggests that genetic factors play a more prominent role in individual differences of ADHD symptoms in the presence of the high consumption of sugar and unhealthy foods. Future longitudinal studies with multiple assessments of ADHD and dietary habits are needed to replicate our findings.

The impact of stress and lifestyle factors on short-term sickness absence in a large Danish industrial company.

Objectives: Work-related stress and certain lifestyles have been associated with sickness absence among employees. We analysed relations between stress and lifestyles (as risk factors) and short-term sickness absence among employees of a large Danish industrial company. Moreover, we analysed the impact of risk factors on short-term sickness absence. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 7753 employees (67% response rate). Relations between risk factors (dyssomnia, low physical activity, alcohol, smoking, unhealthy food habits, overweight and stress) and short-term sickness absence were analysed by calculating etiologic fractions and binary logistic regression. Relations between the number of risk factors and short-term sickness absence were also analysed. Finally, the cost of short-term sickness absence from risk factors was estimated to illustrate the potential savings in avoided loss of productivity that could be gained from intervention programmes. Results: Stress, overweight, smoking and dyssomnia are significantly related to short-term sickness absence. Etiologic fractions revealed that these factors were associated with between 29.8% and 37.8% of short-term sickness absence. The number of risk factors was also related to the risk and length of sickness absence. Conclusions: This study identified risk factors that could be addressed by intervention programmes to reduce short-term sickness absence. Based on the results, focus on the risk factors that account for most short-term sickness absence and reduction of the number of risk factors could potentially reduce short-term sickness absence. A 30% reduction is equivalent to an avoidance of a loss of productivity of 4.5%, corresponding to €9.4 million per year.

Dietary Habits among Medical Science Students in Duhok City

Background and objectives: Students at the university level are more exposed to changes in physical and social status and lifestyle changes, which will affect students’ eating habits. This study aimed to assess dietary habits among medical science students in Duhok city. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th January 2019 to 28th April 2019. The cluster sampling procedure enrolled 359 medical science students aged 18-26 years from five medical science colleges in Duhok city. Dietary habits were obtained by direct interview. The questionnaire consists of three parts: socio-demographic characteristics, questions regarding main meals, and measuring dietary habits using a Likert scale. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: Most of the study participants were males 56.8% with a mean age was 21 years. Slightly more than half of the students 52% claimed they ate three main meals every day and about 11% skipped it. About 45% of the participants ate breakfast every day. The most frequently eaten meals and beverages among students were soft drinks 80%, rice 80%, snacks 72%, and sweats/chocolate 70%. Decreased intake of fruits 60%, vegetables 50%, and dairy products 38% were observed. There were significant differences among males and females in food consumption and beverages namely, sports drinks, eggs, cheese, red meat, chips, and sweets/chocolate. Conclusion: The current study indicated that skipping meals was typical among students. Most students had unhealthy food habits and behaviors according to the standard recommendations for eating and drinking daily. The assessment of dietary habits as a part of the health component can serve as a screening tool to identify adult students to improve their well-being and dietary habits.

TRPV1, PPAR and SGLT-2 as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Diabetes Mellitus: Current Status and Challenges

A chronic pathological condition; diabetes mellitus occurs in almost 90% of all diabetic cases globally. It is estimated that the number of diabetes patients will rise from 382 million in 2013 to 592 million by 2035 as per the data published by the Current International Diabetes Federation. Daily life style and day to day unhealthy food habits, diabetes is prevalent among the young people too along with the aged people due to their ageing. Diabetes mellitus is a disorder where there is insufficiency of insulin having the symptoms excessive thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, weight loss, results in blood sugar level to be drastically high. One may observe a drastic increase in blood glucose level which lead to various types of health complications like retinopathy, nerve damage etc. Various treatment strategies are available among these the modern treatment strategy includes sulfonylureas, GLP-1 agonist, DPP4- inhibitors, metformin, PPAR-γ agonists, bariatric surgery etc. In this review, we will highlight various potential therapeutic targets including TRPV1, PPAR, and SGLT-2 to mitigate diabetes mellitus.

An appeal to our government for nationwide policies in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

The high prevalence and burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is largely attributable to unhealthy lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and unhealthy food habits. Prevention of CVD, through the promotion of healthy lifestyles, appears to be a Sisyphean task for healthcare professionals, as the root causes of an unhealthy lifestyle lie largely outside their scope. Since most lifestyle choices are habitual and a response to environmental cues, rather than rational and deliberate choices, nationwide policies targeting the context in which lifestyle behaviours occur may be highly effective in the prevention of CVD. In this point-of-view article, we emphasise the need for government policies beyond those mentioned in the National Prevention Agreement in the Netherlands to effectively reduce the CVD risk, and we address the commonly raised concerns regarding ‘paternalism’.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s12471-021-01628-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Dietary approaches in management of noncommunicable diseases

The prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has increased drastically over recent decades, with 41 million deaths each year, equivalent to 71% of all deaths globally. Unhealthy food choices and food habits, excessive calories, and inactivity are apparent factors to NCDs, namely obesity, diabetes mellitus, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Healthy dietary intake and calorie restrictions have a promising effect on longevity. Eventually, adopting these strategies may delay the onset and decrease the burden of NCDs. Recent findings proved that nutrition has a strong association with the prevalence of NCDs. American Institute for Cancer Research and the World Cancer Research Fund says 30%–40% of cancers are preventable by adopting healthy food choices, dietary restrictions, engaging in physical activity, and maintaining body mass index. This review focuses on dietary intake and dietary restrictions and finally leads to understand the vital role of gut microbiome in managing NCDs.

Social and Environmental Correlates of Obesity in Medical Students of UPUMS Saifai: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health. Medical students are more prone to gain excess weight due to long study hours and unhealthy food habits. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence and social and environmental correlates of obesity among undergraduate students of a medical college of a rural area in central Uttar Pradesh, India. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in one of the medical colleges of central Uttar Pradesh, India. Data were collected on socio-demographic and behavioural factors, and anthropometric assessments were carried out using standard equipment and procedures. Results: The proportion of overweight/obesity was 15.6%. Fast food consumption, per capita income and hypertension were found to have statistically significant association with overweight/ obesity.

COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease: a Global Perspective.

Purpose of ReviewThis review aims to assess the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), trying to assess the possible future trajectory of the CVDs and their management.Recent FindingsThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a deleterious impact on the CV risk factors, with an increase in both sedentary and unhealthy food habits. The fear of contagion has decreased the access to the emergency systems with an increase in out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrests and late presentation of acute myocardial infarctions. The closure of the non-urgent services has delayed cardiac rehabilitation programmes and chronic clinical care.SummaryAs a result of the COVID-19 pandemic impact on the population habits and on the management of CVDs, we will probably face an increase in CVD and heart failure cases. It is crucial to use all the non-traditional approaches, such as telemonitoring systems, in order to overcome the difficulties raised by the pandemic.

Effect of diet, exercise and other contributing factors on menstruation

Background: The poor knowledge and understanding of menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practice that in turn increases the risk of reproductive and genito-urinary tract infections and leads to overall poor quality of life. The food we consume have a complementary relationship with the pattern of menstrual cycle and so is the involvement of exercises. The study focused on understanding the relationship between effect of diet, exercise and other contributing factors on menstruation.Methods: The study was a prospective observational study done with a sample size of 650 subjects of 9 to 18 age group in whom menstruation already occurred who were recruited from five different schools in regions of Pathanamthitta and Alappuzha.Results: It was found that lack of exercise before and during menstruation has caused increased cramps and mood instability in girls. As well as skipping of breakfast and consumption of junk food was found to elevate pain, eventually affecting daily activities.Conclusions: The importance of counselling to all girls from the age of 9 was found to be necessary through the study and thereby adequate changes for a healthy future. Lack of exercise, unhealthy food habits and delayed identification of menstrual problems can have a negative impact on health.