Unexpected Transformation Research Articles

Inclusivity and aesth/ethics in third participatory a/r/tographic spaces

Abstract In this article, my a/r/tographic practice explores the complexity and uncertainty of educational situations in a third pedagogical space for inclusivity through the creation of a comic story. I draw, narrate and reflect on a situation during a participatory audio-visual project with nine young people (9–15 years old), where a learning proposal leads to different and unexpected results for three participants with learning disabilities. This experience invites me to reflect on the extent to which the creation of participatory audio-visual narratives in third pedagogical spaces can lead to inclusivity. To explore this issue, I first question the idea of third spaces of learning as places for democracy and transformation for inclusivity, free from power relationships. Furthermore, I propose complexity and acceptation of constraints as a path of unexpected transformation. Finally, I conclude by situating ‘aesth/ethics’ in a/rtography and propose the contiguity of image and text in comic narratives as an inclusive means to committing to living enquiry through with consent, capacity and confidentiality.

ChemInform Abstract: Unexpected Transformation of Aldehydes into Benzoins with Copper(I)/Samarium.

Abstract The reductive coupling of aldehydes to afford pinacolic alcohols using all kinds of reducing agents involving samarium is well known. In this report, however, treatment of aromatic aldehydes with Cu(I)/Sm system produces benoins and/or benzils in good yields. A possible mechanism is proposed where Cu(I) not only activates the Sm metal but also promotes the dehydrogenation of the intermediates, during which a Cu(III) species may be involved. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications® for the following free supplemental resource(s): Full experimental and spectral details.]

ALLOTROPIC TRANSFORMATION OF COBALT IN MAGNETIC INDUCTION MELTED Fe60Al1-XCoX

In contrast to the abundance of studies in Fe-Al and Fe-Co, those in the Fe-Al-Co ternary system are scarce. Consequently, the phase separation and phase diagram of this system remain still ambiguous. Ternary Fe0.6Al1-xCox(x values in a molar ratio of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2) have been elaborated by high frequency magnetic induction fusion, in order to study the effect of cobalt ternary addition on the structural behavior such as phase separation, thermal and mechanical properties of Fe-based alloy system, by means of x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis (DSC) and Vickers microhardness. An unexpected allotropic phase transformation from stable HCP to metastable FCC Cobalt has been observed in all alloys.

N-Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Reaction of Cinnamils Leading to the Formation of 2,3,8-Triaryl Vinyl Fulvenes: An Uncommon Transformation

An unexpected transformation of 1,6-diarylhexa-1,5-diene-3,4-diones (cinnamils) to 2,3,8-triaryl vinyl fulvenes via N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC) catalysis is reported. Mechanistic as well as synthetic novelty is the hallmark of this reaction.

Unexpected Transformation of Aldehydes into Benzoins with Copper(I)/Samarium

The reductive coupling of aldehydes to afford pinacolic alcohols using all kinds of reducing agents involving samarium is well known. In this report, however, treatment of aromatic aldehydes with Cu(I)/Sm system produces benoins and/or benzils in good yields. A possible mechanism is proposed where Cu(I) not only activates the Sm metal but also promotes the dehydrogenation of the intermediates, during which a Cu(III) species may be involved. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications® for the following free supplemental resource(s): Full experimental and spectral details.]

One <<Both>> Sex<<es>>: Observations, Suppositions, and Airy Speculations on Fetal Sex Anatomy in British Scientific Literature, 1794-1871

The hegemony of the two-sex paradigm in the European scientific imagination and wider culture did not automatically equate to the hegemony of two discrete genders. In fact, two sexes facilitated a variety of gender choices: two singular and a number of double or otherwise intersexed (most commonly referred to as "hermaphrodite" or "bisexual" in its anatomical sense). This article explores some key British medical and allied scientific texts, with reference to associated Continental literature, as a means of illustrating the complexity of the two-sex paradigm and the unexpected transformation of gender possibilities that it helped produce through the early and middle decades of the nineteenth century. Discourses surrounding the first direct observations of the earliest development of fetal urinogenital anatomy were pivotal. The prevailing view that the incipient embryo was sexually undifferentiated (a paragon of the one-sex paradigm) was challenged by the Edinburgh anatomist Robert Knox, initially as he sought to bolster his professional reputation at the height of the Burke and Hare "body-snatching" scandal. Knox suggested that every embryo began life in an essentially dual-sexed state, an individual's sex anatomy depending on the greater or lesser development of component female and male structures. Greater clarification on the contested status of the homology-hermaphrodite distinction was achieved with the discovery of the early co-existence of the excretory duct of the Wolffian body (mesonephric duct) and the Müllerian duct (paramesonephric duct), an observation that made anatomical bisexuality difficult to ignore. The nineteenth-century's greatest champion of primordial hermaphroditism was Charles Darwin who was pivotal in phylogenizing the principle and establishing the premise that (in his own words) "Every man & woman is hermaphrodite," a foundation stone of late-nineteenth-century sexology.

ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Formation of Bicyclo[4.2.0]oct‐1‐enes.

Gold(I) catalysts effectively promote the Cope rearrangement of acyclic 1,5-dienes bearing a terminal cyclopropylidene. When this methodology is applied to cyclic substrates an unexpected transformation occurs, resulting in the formation of a tricyclic compound incorporating a bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-1-ene core, a portion of which is found in a number of natural products. Density functional theory calculations (M06 and M06-2X) reveal insight into the mechanism and thermodynamics of this unique transformation.

Unexpected transformation of mono- to bis-macrobicyclic dimethylglyoximate framework in a chloroform solution: Photochemical, MALDI-TOF MS and X-ray diffraction studies

Abstract Crystallization of the 2-thiopheneboron-capped tris-dimethylglyoximate cobalt(II) clathrochelate from a crude chloroform unexpectedly gave single crystals of Co III Co II Co III bis-clathrochelate: in this complex, two macrobicyclic frameworks are linked by bridging Co 2 + ion. The N–O distances in the donor oxime groups of these X-rayed mono- and bis-clathrochelates are governed by the nature of their capping groups (1.38 and 1.31 A for the boron and cobalt “caps”). The average Co–N distances of the CoN 6 -coordination polyhedra of an encapsulated cobalt ion strongly depend on its oxidation states (1.97 and 1.91 A for the cobalt(II) and cobalt(III) ions). Co 2 + ion is shifted from the center of this polyhedron by 0.2 A due to the Jahn–Teller distortion, whereas Co 3 + ions occupy the centers of the ligands' cavities. The geometry of the Co II N 6 and Co III N 6 polyhedra is substantially different: due to the rigidity of the macrobicyclic tris-dioximate ligand and high Shannon radius of Co 2 + ion, the corresponding clathrochelate has a TP geometry, whereas the smaller Co 3 + ion causes the rotational–translation shortening of the CoN 6 polyhedron with a decrease in its height h from 2.45 to 2.24 A. The photochemical experiments with irradiation of a chloroform solution of the initial clathrochelate showed that the most probable pathway to the bis-clathrochelate includes photoinitiated radical oxidation of chloroform with air oxygen. The reactive species formed cause opening, rearrangement and re-capping of the macrobicyclic framework affording a new Co III Co II Co III bis-clathrochelate.

The MoveOn effect: the unexpected transformation of American political advocacy

The Internet is facilitating a generational transition within America's advocacy group system. New political associations have arisen in the past decade and play an increasingly prominent role in citizen political mobilization. At the same time, the organizations that mediate citizen political engagement and sustained collective action are changing. They rely upon modified staff structures and work routines. They employ novel strategies and tactical repertoires. Rather than organizing without the new media environment has given rise to organizing through different organizations. The MoveOn Effect provides a richly detailed analysis of this disruptive transformation. It highlights changes in membership and fundraising regimes - established industrial patterns of supporter interaction and revenue streams - that were pioneered by MoveOn.org and have spread broadly within the advocacy system. Through interviews, content analysis, and direct observation of the leading netroots organizations, the book offers fresh insights into 21st century political organizing. The book highlights important variations among the new organizations - including internet-mediated issue generalists like MoveOn, community blogs like DailyKos.com, and neo-federated groups like DemocracyforAmerica.com. It also explores a wider set of netroots infrastructure organizations that provide supporting services to membership-based advocacy associations. The rise of the political netroots has had a distinctly partisan character: conservatives have repeatedly tried and failed to build equivalents to the organizations and infrastructure of the progressive netroots. The MoveOn Effect investigates these efforts, as well as the late-forming Tea Party movement, and introduces the theory of Outparty Innovation Incentives as an explanation for the partisan adoption of political technology. Written by a political scientist who is also a longtime political organizer, The MoveOn Effect offers a widely-accessible account of the Internet's impact on American politics. Operating at the intersection of practitioner and academic knowledge-traditions, Karpf provides a reassessment of many longstanding claims about new media and citizen political engagement.

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Formation of Bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-1-enes

Gold(I) catalysts effectively promote the Cope rearrangement of acyclic 1,5-dienes bearing a terminal cyclopropylidene. When this methodology is applied to cyclic substrates an unexpected transformation occurs, resulting in the formation of a tricyclic compound incorporating a bicyclo[4.2.0]oct-1-ene core, a portion of which is found in a number of natural products. Density functional theory calculations (M06 and M06-2X) reveal insight into the mechanism and thermodynamics of this unique transformation.

Unexpected Transformation of a Schiff Base Pyridine N-Oxide in the Presence of Pr(NO3)3 · 6H2O

The synthesis of (E)-((6-(((3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)amino)methyl)-N-oxide-pyridin-2-yl)methyl)diphenylphosphine oxide 1 and its unexpected transformation during efforts to study the coordination chemistry with Pr(NO3)3·6H2O are described.

Efficient synthesis of silylated 2,2-difluorostyrene derivatives through Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling of 2,2-difluoro-1-iodo-1-silylethenes

We report a new synthetic sequence for the preparation of silylated 2,2-difluorostyrene derivatives. This new route has numerous advantages over the previous one including enhanced scope, higher yields, ease of purification, and significant reduction of the amount of desilylated side-products. An unexpected transformation of a silylated 2,2-difluorostyrene derivative is also presented.

A cascade transformation of the cyclic form of a formylamino derivative of the alicyclic 1,5,9-triketone, 2,6-bis[(2-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)]cyclohexanone

An unexpected cascade transformation of the cyclic form of a formylamino derivative of an alicyclic 1,5,9-triketone into a polycyclic hydroxylactam is described. Proposed intermediates in this conversion are suggested.

An unexpected transformation by reduction of isoxazolines

Abstract Aromatic nitrile oxides undergo regio- and stereo-specific 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions with racemic 5-hydroxy-4-methyl-1,5-dihydropyrrol-2-one derivatives 1 . In each case, a single product 3 results from an anti approach to the hydroxyl group, the oxygen of the 1,3-dipole being attached to C-5 of pyrrolidinones. A detailed study of a procedure for the selective reduction of Δ 2 -isoxazolines to the corresponding vinylogous amide derivatives is reported.

Eco-Frontier and Place-Making: The Unexpected Transformation of a Sustainable Settlement Project in the Amazon

An important issue today is the compatibility of agricultural frontiers, which are driven by economic objectives, with conservationist views. In the Amazon, family farmers are concerned with this issue since they are at the same time actors of the agricultural frontier and considered as potential actors of the preservation of the forest. Through the study of a highly symbolic settlement project in the State of Pará, this paper focuses on the role that family farmers can play in meeting sustainability goals. The central argument which is developed in this paper is that this objective may be achieved when projects do not presuppose social and spatial relationships; rather, it advocates an approach which is attentive to place-making processes.

ChemInform Abstract: A Novel NHC‐Catalyzed Transformation of 2H‐Chromene‐3‐carboxaldehydes to 3‐Methyl‐2H‐chromen‐2‐ones.

An unexpected transformation of 2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehydes to coumarin derivatives, mediated by NHC, is reported.

Simple access to pentacyclic oxazinoisoquinolines via an unexpected transformation of aminomethylnaphthols

Unexpected reactions between 1-α-aminobenzyl-2-naphthol, 1-aminomethyl-2-naphthol, N-benzyl-1-α-aminobenzyl-2-naphthol and 6,7-dimethoxy-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline to furnish naphth[1,2-e][1,3]oxazino[2,3-a]isoquinolines are reported. The reaction conditions involved classical heating at 80°C in MeCN for 22h (57–62%), or the use of microwave conditions (100°C), which allowed a reduction of the reaction time to 90min and resulted in somewhat higher yields (73–82%).

A Triphenylsiloxy Complex of Chromium(II) as a Switchable Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization and Nonselective Oligomerization

A novel dinuclear oxygen-bridged chromium(II) complex of [(Ph3SiO)Cr·(THF)]2(μ-OSiPh3)2 (1) was successfully synthesized and structurally characterized. The crystal structure of complex 1 shows that the chromium centers adopt a tetrahedrally distorted square-planar coordination geometry. Complex 1 was tested for ethylene polymerization upon activation with and without aluminum alkyl cocatalysts. No ethylene polymerization activity was observed in the absence of aluminum alkyl cocatalysts; however, in the presence of methylaluminoxane (MAO), complex 1 demonstrates an unexpected transformation from ethylene polymerization to ethylene oligomerization, with the molar ratio of Al to Cr increasing from 50 to 1000. The activation of complex 1 with MAO was investigated by ESR and 29Si NMR spectroscopy. It was found that the Ph3SiO− groups could be transferred from the chromium centers of complex 1 to the aluminum of MAO.

A novel NHC-catalyzed transformation of 2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehydes to 3-methyl-2H-chromen-2-ones

An unexpected transformation of 2H-chromene-3-carboxaldehydes to coumarin derivatives, mediated by NHC, is reported.

ChemInform Abstract: Tandem 1,5‐Hydride Shift/1,5‐S,N‐Cyclization with Ethylene Extrusion of 1,3‐Oxathiolane‐Substituted Ketenimines and Carbodiimines. An Experimental and Computational Study.

AbstractUpon heating ketenimines of type (III) and carbodiimines derived from isocyanates (VIII) undergo unexpected transformation into benzisothiazolones via 1,5‐hydride shift, 1,5‐electrocyclization, and [3 + 2] cycloreversion.