Unemployment In Indonesia Research Articles

The Impact of MSMEs Financing in Islamic Bank on Unemployment in Indonesia

The Impact of MSMEs Financing in Islamic Bank on Unemployment in Indonesia

SPATIAL MODELING IN DATA PANELS WITH LEAST SQUARE DUMMY VARIABLE TO IDENTIFY FACTORS AFFECTING UNEMPLOYMENT IN INDONESIA

Unemployment is a serious issue that must be addressed. Unemployment has a negative impact on the national economy, making economic growth unpredictable. In 2015, Indonesia was ranked third with the highest unemployment rate in ASEAN. It is estimated that the unemployment rate in each province of Indonesia is influenced by the surrounding provinces. Therefore, spatial modelling on panel data with Least Square Dummy Variable (LSDV) is needed to identify factors that influence unemployment in Indonesia. The data used is Open Unemployment Rate (OUR) data and influencing factors are population, average length of schooling, Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) rate, and Human Development Index (HDI) in 34 provinces of Indonesia from 2015 to 2020. Spatial model on panel data with appropriate LSDV for OUR data are Spatial Autoregressive Model (SAR) and Spatial Error Model (SEM). The SAR model with fixed effects has an value of 90.289%, which is greater than the SEM model with fixed effects (82.708%) and LSDV model (87.864%). The root mean square error value for SAR model with fixed effects is 0.58951, less than SEM model with fixed effects (0.78669) and LSDV model (0.65903). The best model is the SAR model with fixed effects. Based on this model, the factors that influence OUR in Indonesia from 2015-2020 are obtained, namely the rate of GRDP and HDI.

The interplay of corruption, human capital, and unemployment in Indonesia: Implications for economic development

This study was conducted by examining the interrelationships between Corruption, Human Resources, and Unemployment in Indonesia. We use data sourced from the World Bank and Transparency International with the period used from 1996 to 2021. This study aims to examine the relationship that exists between Corruption, Human Resources, and Unemployment so as to provide information in understanding the benefits of investing towards developing Human Resources. in order to improve the quality of society. We use Vector error Correction Model (VECM) analysis with the research variables used are Corruption, Human Capital, and Unemployment. Our conclusions indicate that corruption makes a considerable contribution to the growth and progress of the nation and its people. In light of this, we strongly advise the Indonesian government to take decisive action to tackle the issue of corruption head-on. This can be achieved through a combination of measures, such as the implementation of stricter regulations and penalties for corrupt activities, the promotion of transparency and accountability in government operations, and a significant investment in human capital development programs. By addressing the root causes of the problem, the government can create a pathway towards sustainable positive change for the nation. Furthermore, our research highlights the importance of addressing corruption With the aim of establishing a more advantageous atmosphere for the expansion of the economy and progress. It is well established that corruption can stifle innovation, undermine the rule of law, and reduce investment. Thus, it is imperative that the government take a proactive approach to combating corruption in order to ensure that the country remains on a trajectory of progress and prosperity. In conclusion, our research provides clear evidence of the negative impact of corruption on unemployment and human capital in Indonesia. By taking decisive action to address this issue, the government can create a more favourable environment for economic growth and development while also improving the lives of its citizens. It is our desire that this study will be a useful tool for decision-makers. in their efforts to create a brighter future for Indonesia.

The Relationship Between Learning Outcomes Of Pastry And Bakery Courses With Students Entrepreneurial Interest Of Family Welfare Education Study Program

The background of this research is motivated by the high number of educated unemployment in Indonesia. This study aim to describe: 1) learning outcomes of pastry courses, 2) learning outcomes of bakery courses, 3) student entrepreneurial interest, 4) analyze the relationship between learning outcomes of pastry courses and entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts, 5) analyze the relationship between learning outcomes of bakery courses and entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts, 6) analyze the relationship between learning outcomes of pastry and bakery courses with entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts. This type of research is quantitative with a correlational approach. The research population was 196 students of family welfare education study program majoring in culinary arts class of 2018 and 2019. The sample is 66 people taken by Proportionate Random Sampling. The primary data collection technique uses a questionnaire distributed is measured using a likert scale. Then for secondary data using learning outcomes in pastry and bakery courses. The analysys requirement test was carried out with normality test and linearity test, then test the hypothesis using pearson product moment and multiple correlation coefficient analysis, and then test the significance of the\ correlation with the t test using help of SPSS 24.00 version. The results showed that: 1) learning outcomes of pastry courses students is in the excellent category (34,8%), 2) learning outcomes of bakery courses students is in the very good category (51,5%), 3) entrepreneurial interest students is in the medium category as many as 37 students, 4) there was a positive and significant relationship between learning outcomes of pastry courses and entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts with a correlation value of rxy0,621 means that it has a strong level of relationship, 5) there was a positive and significant relationship between learning outcomes of bakery courses and entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts with a correlation value of rxy 0,701 means that it has a strong level of relationship, 6)there was a positive and significant relationship between learning outcomes of pastry and bakery courses with entrepreneurial interest of family welfare education study program students majoring in culinary arts with a correlation value of 0,000 < 0,005.

Mudharabah sebagai Alternatif Pembiayaan yang Potensial untuk Peningkatan Pengembangan pada UMKM


 Mudharabah is a form of contract or agreement between two parties, namely investors (owners of capital) and entrepreneurs (managers of capital). In this contract, investors will provide capital and entrepreneurs known as business managers will use this capital to develop their businesses. The profit generated will be shared according to the agreement between the two parties, while the loss will be borne by the owner of capital (investor) but if negligence is caused by the manager of capital (entrepreneur), the loss will be borne by the manager of capital. Through mudharabah, MSMEs can get access to greater capital to develop their business. Even though there are risks for investors, on the other hand, business managers can execute their vision and develop their business with lower risk. This study uses descriptive qualitative, namely using literature studies cited from relevant books and websites. The purpose of this study is to encourage MSME actors to continue to improve the quality of their work so that they can become a forum for reducing unemployment in Indonesia and so they can compete in the global market. Lack of funds for MSMEs has become commonplace, but mudharabah is here as an alternative financing for development of MSMEs, so it is hoped that MSME actors will be smart in managing existing capital with this mudharabah financing.
 Keywords: Mudharabah, MSME

The Contribution of Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards (IISMA) on the Development of Employability Skills of Undergraduate Students in Indonesia

Indonesia has the second highest youth unemployment rate among all ten ASEAN countries according to The World Bank Data in 2021, with 12% of the total unemployment rate dominated by bachelor graduates. One of the reasons behind youth unemployment in Indonesia is the mismatch between the skills possessed by university students and the labor market skills demand, referred to as the "skill gap." Experts believe that such a high number of youth unemployment is often linked to the failure of educational institutions to develop graduates with employability skills. Moreover, the skills gap is also associated with globalization in the 21st century, followed by new government regulations that ease hiring foreign workers in Indonesia. In this era, Indonesian graduates have to compete with employees from foreign countries, thus making international and multicultural knowledge desired by companies. To tackle these challenges posed by globalization and the quality of education, many higher education and government institutions are implementing one of the most prominent forms of internalization, international student mobility programs, hoping to prepare bachelor graduates to be more competitive internationally. In 2021, the Indonesian government displayed its effort to prepare Indonesian graduates to possess valuable workplace skills in the 21st century through funded international student mobility, namely IISMA (Indonesian International Student Mobility Awards). However, despite the enormous efforts of implementing the program, there are still many contra-arguments from higher education institutions and Indonesian society regarding the contribution of IISMA in developing the employability skills of undergraduate students. This study is aimed to identify the contribution of IISMA di developing the employability skills of undergraduate students in Indonesia and to see whether it has a difference with the development of employability skills in regular Indonesian undergraduate programs. This study used a qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews with the interviewees from Universitas Indonesia, Institut Teknologi Bandung, and Universitas Gadjah Mada, who completed an IISMA program in 2021 and 2022. The study discovered that most employability skills desired by companies are mainly developed during the IISMA program compared to an undergraduate program in Indonesia.

Analysis Of Unemployment Clusters In Indonesia Using The Self Organizing MAP Method

Unemployment is a situation where someone is not working or is trying to find a job but unable to find work. The spread of unemployment in Indonesia has different characteristics in each region, so it is necessary to classify the unemployed so that each government policy program can be carried out in a more focused and directed manner. This study discusses cluster analysis of unemployment using the Self Organizing Map (SOM) method in classifying the unemployed in Indonesia in 2020. The SOM method is able to show dominant patterns and variables in clusters. The variables used in this study consisted of school enrollment rates, average length of schooling, labor force participation rates, and the percentage of the population using computers. The results of this study formed 3 unemployment rate clusters with cluster 1 being a low unemployment group consisting of 144 districts/cities, cluster 2 with a medium level consisting of 287 districts/cities, and cluster 3 with a high level consisting of 83 districts/cities. The grouping using the SOM method on district/city unemployment data in Indonesia is good because it has a minimum standard deviation ratio of 0.529.

Analisis Pengaruh Inflasi, Populasi dan Investasi Asing Langsung Terhadap Pengangguran di Indonesia

The increasing number of unemployed is a serious problem for the development of developing countries, including Indonesia. The existence of unemployment due to the imbalance between supply and demand aspects both in terms of quantity and quality can lead to serious unemployment. Unemployment that is already very chronic and structural in nature will generally have a negative impact on environmental, social, economic and political development in a country. And very influential on the achievement of community welfare and development prospects in the country concerned. This study discusses "Analysis of the Effect of Inflation, Population and Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia 1991-2020". The analytical model used is the error correction model (ECM). The results of the study This is in the long term, the population variable has a positive and significant effect on unemployment in Indonesia, while in the short term, the variable foreign direct investment (FDI) has a positive and significant effect on unemployment in Indonesia.

Pengaruh Literasi Akuntansi, Tingkat Pendidikan, dan Umur Usaha Terhadap Penggunaan Informasi Akuntansi pada UMKM se-Kecamatan Ubud

The existence of MSMEs as a supporting pillar of the economy which has an impact on reducing poverty and unemployment in Indonesia as a developing country. However, a process in managing MSME is not easy to reverse its very strategic role. One of the problems faced by MSMEs is related to financial management. In this case accounting has a fairly important role in making decisions that will have an impact on survival MSMEs. Given the importance of recording expenses and income in the business being run, for this reason, MSME actors need to understand the use of accounting information. In a business, if accounting information is not applied effectively, businesses that have prospects for success may experience bankruptcy due to inaccurate decision making. The development of MSMEs in Ubud District has developed quite rapidly, reaching 10,459 MSME actors. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of accounting literacy, education level, and business age on the use of accounting information in MSMEs throughout Ubud District. The sample used in this study was 99 MSME actors. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study found that accounting literacy, education level, and business age partially had a positive and significant effect on the use of accounting information in MSMEs throughout Ubud District.

Efforts to Grow Entrepreneurship among Students

Previous research has proven that universities producing graduates have experienced a significant increase from time to time, and employment is very small due to very high unemployment in Indonesia, reaching 10-11% and including the intellectual unemployed, namely college alumni. To anticipate unemployment, it is necessary to develop entrepreneurship among students 
 There are several solutions to foster entrepreneurship among students, namely: (1) including entrepreneurship courses in the curriculum of each study program at tertiary institutions (2) developing an Integrated Work-Learning Program, namely an educational program that combines learning and entrepreneurship (3) cooperation with MSMEs; (4) Entrepreneurship Empowerment; and (5) Maximizing student performance in accordance with their skills and disciplines. Several factors that can influence entrepreneurial success that is: (1) having high commitment and strong determination; (2) ambitious to seek opportunities; (3) have high morale and not easily give up; (4) strong self-confidence; (5) have high creativity; (6) have the ability to see the future with proper planning; (7) resistant to risk and uncertainty; (8) has the ability to lead people

The implementation of the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila with the theme of Employment as an Effort to Achieve Vocational Education Goals

Unemployment is one of the social problems occurring in almost every country in the world. In Indonesia itself, unemployment is dominated by vocational school graduates. Ideally, vocational schools are educational institutions that emphasize the formation of students to be ready and capable of facing the demands of the workforce and industry. However, in reality, vocational school graduates contribute significantly to the high rate of open unemployment in Indonesia. Therefore, various efforts and strategies have been made by various parties including schools to address this issue. One of these strategies is through the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Thus, the aim of this research is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila with the theme of employment as an effort to achieve vocational education goals carried out at SMK Syubbanul Wathon in Tegalrejo, Magelang Regency. The approach used in this research is qualitative research with a case study design. The techniques used by the researcher to collect research data are through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results of this research indicate that the implementation of the Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila with the theme of employment not only shapes students to have abilities according to the demands of the business world and industry through activities such as creating job application letters and CVs as well as interview simulations but also shapes characters in accordance with the Pancasila student profile needed to compete in the global competence arena and support and provide a strong foundation for the competencies possessed by students to avoid misdirection.

The Impact of Inflation and Actualized APBD Expenditures on Manado City's Jobless Rate, 2007-2021

Purpose: This study aims to analyse the effect of inflation, the human development index, and the provincial minimum wage on unemployment in Indonesia and also analyse the effect of Gross Regional Domestic Product, provincial minimum wage, investment, inflation, and population on provincial youth unemployment in Java and Sulawesi in 2011–2019. Method: The research objective is to determine the effect of inflation and the realization of APBD spending on unemployment in the city of Manado. The type of research used by the author is a quantitative descriptive research type, and the type of data used is secondary data obtained from BPS Manado City and North Sulawesi Province BPS. In this study using the Multiple Regression analysis model. The method used is panel data regression, with data from 33 provinces in Indonesia in 2015-2018. Results and conclusion: The results of this study indicate that inflation has a negative but not significant effect and the realization of APBD spending has a negative and significant effect on the unemployment rate. The government has been good at using its APBD spending so that the increase in realized spending can reduce the unemployment rate in Manado City. Research implications: The large number of open unemployment has broad social implications because those who do not work do not have income. Unemployment is a problem faced by almost all regions, Manado City, which is the capital of the province, is not immune from this unemployment problem. Originality/value: Multicollinearity testing of the study aims to test whether the regression model found a correlation between the independent variables.

Indonesia’s Youth Unemployment Rate: Evidence from Sakernas Data

Unemployment is a problem that is often faced by every country, including Indonesia. The phenomenon of unemployment in Indonesia shows that a highly educated population does not necessarily have a job, especially in the young age group. This study aims to determine the factors that affect young educated unemployment in Indonesia. This study used variable levels of education, training, experience, major of education, gender, geographical area and urban/rural classification. Using the National Labour Force Survey (SAKERNAS) 2019, provided by Central Statistical Agency, this research employs a logistic regression model. The results showed that 50.99% of the young educated people in Indonesia did not have a job. All variables in this study have a significant effect on young educated unemployment in Indonesia. The quality of education needs to be improved so that the competitiveness of the Indonesian workforce increases, and self-development programs can help reduce the youth-educated unemployment rate.

Implementasi Sertifikasi Kompetensi Kerja Bidang Pariwisata Dalam Upaya Menanggulangi Tingkat Pengangguran

This research is motivated by the increasing number of domestic and international tourists visiting Indonesia every year, so the need for qualified and trained workers in the tourism sector is increasing. So in maximizing the economic benefits of the tourism sector, it is important to implement work competency certification in the tourism sector. The purpose of this study is expected to provide policy recommendations for the government and tourism industry managers in increasing the effectiveness of the implementation of work competency certification in the tourism sector in order to reduce unemployment in Indonesia. Data analysis is processed in a juridical-normative manner and data presentation uses secondary legal materials. The results show that through the implementation of work competency certification, the tourism sector can offer better and attractive job opportunities for job seekers so that it can be an effective instrument in reducing unemployment and encouraging economic growth.

Investigating the Role of Foreign Direct Investment on Youth Unemployment Rate in Indonesia

Youth unemployment is a contemporary socioeconomic problem in many countries. Although it is a negative phenomenon, this number can be translated into different perspectives as it offers plenty of available job force not only in terms of age and easily adaptable workers but also opportunities for low-wage workers. Unfortunately, despite having a high Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and economic growth rate, Indonesia still suffers from the youth unemployment problem. The research observed a relationship between youth unemployment and FDI in the case of Indonesia from 1991 until 2019. Because of a different situation faced by female and male workers, the research also extended the impact of FDI into gender-specific effects. Data were from World Development Indicator (WDI) in 1991-2019. The short- and long-run situations were analyzed using the Auto-Regressive-Distribution-Lag (ARDL) technique. Based on the findings, it is found that in the short run, FDI can increase youth unemployment in Indonesia. This situation can be due to the reallocation industry, which requires workers’ adjustment. However, in the long run, FDI significantly reduces youth unemployment. Therefore, it concludes that FDI in Indonesia can provide employment opportunities for young people. Next, FDI is found to have a negative and significant effect on female youth unemployment. Meanwhile, there is no significant effect found in male youth unemployment.

Effect of Fiscal Independence and Economic Growth on Reducing Poverty and Unemployment in Indonesia

Fiscal independence affects the revenue and expenditure patterns of a local government which in turn affects economic growth and can reduce poverty and unemployment. This study was conducted in 33 provinces in Indonesia using secondary data with a time span from 2013 to 2019. The model used is a dynamic simultaneous panel model with the SYS-GMM approach. Besides that, there is a need to develop fiscal independence index to obtain clearer conditions for fiscal independence. Revenue Sharing Fund variable that is not included in the calculation. Revenue Sharing Fund is a source of income that is already generated by a region. Readjustments are needed by including revenue sharing funds in the calculation. The newly developed fiscal independence index more clearly describes the condition. Riau, Lampung and South Sulawesi were included in the independence fiscal region category that was not previously. Fiscal independence has a significant effect and positive relationship with GRDP. Meanwhile, the reduced form results on poverty and unemployment show that GRDP has a significant negative effect on poverty and unemployment. Fiscally independent regions are better at reducing poverty and unemployment.

THE STUDY OF UNEMPLOYMENT IN BUSINESS PERSPECTIVE IN INDONESIA

Unemployment in Indonesia is a problem with an urgency to provide a solution to improve social life. As unemployment increases, the poverty rate also increases. The purpose of this study is to identify and explain and overcome poverty and unemployment in Indonesian society. Efforts to reduce the unemployment rate and concomitantly reduce the poverty rate are equally important. The results of the study recommend that policy making in handling unemployment in Indonesia focuses more on microeconomic factors. This research is expected to contribute to the analysis of the unemployment rate in Indonesia in the study of business and microeconomics.

Policies To Overcome Unemployment In Indonesia And Korea During The Covid-19 Pandemic

This paper will discuss the policies that have been put in place related to the labor market in Indonesia and Korea, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. Many problems occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic, such as the increasing number of unemployed, reducing working hours. The research design used is descriptive qualitative research. The author uses a literature study and is reviewed using the SLR (Systematic Literature Review). Literature study by making summaries sourced from secondary data such as Scopus indexed articles, books, and other documents related to research. Each country has made policies to overcome the unemployment problem that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic, workers are given assistance and training to be able to help fulfill daily life and create opportunities to get through the existing crisis. However, several policies that have been made have not been able to completely solve the problem, especially related to the differences in the problems faced between male workers and female workers, should be done with a different approach.

DETERMINAN PENGANGGURAN DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS DATA IFLS


 
 
 Unemployment is one of the problems faced by both developed and developing countries. The increasing number of the workforce is not accompanied by an increase in the number of jobs, causing unemployment problems. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence unemployment in Indonesia on a micro basis. These factors include education, gender, and place of residence that affect unemployment in Indonesia. The data used in this study is the 2015 Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) data. The results show that education and residence have a negative and significant effect on unemployment, while gender has a positive and significant impact on unemployment. The education variable shows that individuals who do not attend school are most at risk for unemployment, while individuals with higher education are at least at risk for unemployment. The gender variable shows that male individuals are more at risk for unemployment than women, and individuals who live in rural areas are more at risk of unemployment than those who live in urban areas. From these results, the government must improve the community's education to have the skills to work or create jobs. In addition, the government must equalize educational facilities, not only centered in urban areas but in rural areas necessary to provide adequate educational facilities.
 
 

COVID-19, UPAH, DAN PENGANGGURAN: STUDI EMPIRIS DI INDONESIA

Unemployment is one of the problems faced by every country, and Indonesia is no exception. The opened unemployment rate during the Covid-19 pandemic increased dramatically compared to the previous year. Many factors affect the increase in the unemployment rate, one of which is wage policy. This study aims to analyze labor conditions in Indonesia before and during Covid-19 and analyze the effect of wages on unemployment before and during the pandemic in Indonesia. The analytical method used, namely the fixed effect model, with panel data for 12 years (2010-2021) in 33 provinces in Indonesia. The results obtained in general are that an increase in wages reduces unemployment, but if wages are increased during the Covid-19 pandemic, it will increase unemployment in Indonesia.