Understanding Of Enablers Research Articles

Perceptions of the Institutional and Support Environment amongst Young Agricultural Entrepreneurs in Laos

Efforts to achieve inclusive and sustainable agricultural-sector growth in developing economies will benefit from agricultural entrepreneurship (agripreneurship) by young farmers. However, challenges that hinder transition from subsistence to commercial agriculture remain. A better understanding of enablers and constraints that young farmers experience can facilitate the development of an enabling environment for sustainably transitioning from subsistence into commercial agriculture. We interviewed 74 young agricultural entrepreneurs (agripreneurs) in Laos, a country with a young and highly rural population, to explore their perceptions of institutions and support functions that enable or limit agripreneurship. Respondents reported that institutions and support functions have generally improved to make agripreneurship easier than before, with infrastructure, logistics, and new platforms for information sharing, banking, marketing, and delivery identified as specific improvements. However, agripreneurs identified weaknesses in the nature, scope, and quality of agricultural information and extension services that limit their performance; difficulties in accessing loans with favorable conditions, which discourages investment; opaque and costly payments and red tape processes that frustrate business establishment, operations, and regulatory compliance; and a lack of targeted policy actions towards enabling youth agripreneurship, which leaves youth feeling unsupported. Improvements in infrastructure, promotion of agri-careers, and more transparency of taxation, registration, and administration fees/systems are recommended.

Factors influencing critical care nurses' family engagement practices: An international perspective.

Family engagement positively impacts patient and family members' experiences of care and health outcomes. While partnering with families denotes best practice in intensive care units (ICUs), its full adoption requires improvement. A better understanding of the factors that influence the implementation of family engagement practices is necessary. To investigate the factors that enable or hinder adult ICU nurse-family engagement and to explore potential international variations. Descriptive, cross-sectional survey. Nurses from 10 countries completed the 'Questionnaire on Factors that Influence Family Engagement' (QFIFE), including five open-ended questions. We performed descriptive statistics on quantitative data and content analysis for open-ended questions, and then integrated the findings according to influencing factors and geographical patterns. This was part of a larger qualitative study where 65 nurses participated from adult intensive care units. Sixty-one nurses completed the questionnaire, making a response rate of 94%. Overall, patient acuity (Md=5.0) and nurses' attitudes (Md=4.6) seemed to be the most influential facilitator, followed by nurse workflow (Md=4.0) and ICU environment (Md=3.1) (score 1-6 most influential). The open-ended question data showed a more nuanced picture of the complexity of family engagement in care around these four determinants. Adding a fifth determinant, namely Families are complex structures that respond uniquely to the ICU and patient, revealed that difficult family dynamics, miscommunication and family having difficulty in understanding the situation or health literacy, hindered family engagement. Exploring geographical variations, Africa/Middle East consistently differed from others on three of the four QFIFE subscales, showing lower median levels. Some determinants are perceived to be more influential than others, becoming barriers or enablers to nurse-family engagement in adult ICU. Research that investigates contextual determinants and which compares implementation and improvement initiatives tailored to address family engagement practices barriers and enablers are needed. Knowledge of this international study expands our understanding of enablers and barriers in family engagement that may inform family engagement practice improvement efforts around the world.

Learning culture, trust culture and knowledge application: the mediating effect of transformational leadership

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the influence of learning culture, culture of trust and transformational leadership in the application of knowledge in a school context. Mediation analysis is used to quantify the effects that the learning culture and trust culture have on the application of leadership, mediated by transformational leadership.Design/methodology/approachThe method involves two samples of subjects – school managers and teaching staff – of 17 educational organizations. This study used the method of partial least square or PLS with SmartPLS v. 3.2.6.FindingsThe purpose of this study is to determine the effect of leadership in the application of knowledge as one phase of knowledge management. The results of this study explain that: there is a significant and direct role of learning culture in the application of knowledge, there is a significant direct role of culture of trust in the application of knowledge and there is a significant mediating effect of leadership among learning cultures and application of knowledge.Practical implicationsThis study has proven that leadership behaves as a mediating instrument. This situation is critical in organizations because it makes it possible to obtain synergies in human capital and the development of knowledge. Bernard Bass believes that there are four main factors of transformational leadership, namely, idealized influence, inspirational motivation, individualized considerations and intellectual stimulation.Originality/valueThis study deepens the authors’ understanding of enablers that affect the application of knowledge in schools, specifically about leadership.

Systematic review: resilience enablers to combat counterfeit medicines

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the role of resilience enablers in combating counterfeits in the medicine supply chain based on a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The objective is also to help practitioners and scholars as the review revealed that little research has been conducted on selecting and implementing practices to improve resilience to counterfeiting.Design/methodology/approachBased on the literature review, a content analysis was performed for 84 selected papers to explore the potential relationship among resilience enablers and counterfeit anti-measures.FindingsThis paper contributes to Supply Chain Resilience (SCR) research by summarizing the highly fragmented literature concerning how to combat counterfeiting. The SLR indicated reengineering, collaboration, visibility, innovation, SCR culture and trust as six key enablers to combat counterfeit medicines and identified literature gaps. Moreover, the paper discusses other resilience enablers which have been less studied in the literature and shows new avenues of research.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited in that it is an exploratory literature review and focuses only on three databases over the past 15 years. Furthermore, counterfeit is a rapidly evolving issue and anti-measure studies require frequent surveillance concerning new discoveries.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this paper is to provide a better understanding of enablers most often associated with counterfeit anti-measures, which, therefore, might help to increase resilience to counterfeit medicines. Moreover, research gaps involving enablers less associated with anti-measures are presented.

Understanding nurses' concerns when caring for patients from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds.

To explore the experiences of both student and qualified nurses of caring for patients from diverse cultural, ethnic and linguistic backgrounds, in one region of Ireland. Hearing the stories, experiences and attitudes of nurses has the potential to influence future clinical practice and has implication for nurses, nurse educators and nurse managers and leaders. There is a wealth of international literature highlighting the importance of providing culturally sensitive care. However, global reports of culturally insensitive care continue. There is a paucity of in-depth research exploring the actual concerns and challenges nurses experience when caring for patients from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds, as well as what influences their actions and omissions of care in practice. A qualitative exploratory descriptive design adopting the principles of a classic grounded theory approach was used. Focus groups (n-10) and individual face-to-face interviews (n-30) were conducted with student and qualified nurses studying and working in one region of Ireland. As data were collected, it was simultaneously analysed using the classic grounded theory methodological principles of coding, constant comparison and theoretical sampling. Uncertainty was the consistent main concern that emerged. Feelings of ambiguity of how to act were further influenced by a lack of knowledge, an awareness of ethnocentric beliefs and the culture of the organisation in which participants learn and work in. Instead of finding answers to uncertainties, participants demonstrated a lack of commitment to meeting patients' needs in a culturally appropriate way. This study adds new perspectives to our understanding of enablers and barriers to culturally sensitive care. It explains the poignant effect of uncertainty and describes how nurses were unable (or unwilling) to find answers when in doubt. It raises questions that remain unanswered in the existing literature, as to why nurses feel it is acceptable to choose to do nothing about their lack of cultural knowledge and the uncertainties which follow. Identifying the nature and implications of the uncertainty experienced when providing care for patients from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds is an important contributing factor to improving cultural sensitivity and quality care.

Inter‐organizational partnership for children with medical complexity: the integrated complex care model

AbstractBackgroundIntegrated care has important implications for children with medical complexity (CMC) who rely on care and service delivery involving multiple providers in different places over time. Most studies describing complex care programmes focus on the effectiveness of care co‐ordination rather than the process of system integration. This pilot study explores the implementation process of the Integrated Complex Care Model: a voluntary partnership between acute, rehabilitative and community care aimed at system integration through a key worker model to improve care co‐ordination for CMC.MethodsThis descriptive study used qualitative analyses and syntheses to explore the process of inter‐organizational collaboration under ‘real‐life’ circumstances. Multiple methods and sources of data were gathered to support triangulation in understanding of enablers and barriers to model implementation. Forty hours of meeting minutes and administrative databases housing patient records were reviewed. Baseline demographic information was available for 23 families, including child health‐related quality of life and healthcare utilization. A subset of 12 parental caregivers and 21 additional key informants participated in individual interviews or focus groups. Findings are presented using King and Meyer's description of system integration and care co‐ordination.ResultsModel enablers included dedication, timing, leadership and electronic care plan use/communication among key workers, families and health providers. Barriers included assumptions about partner organizations, differing organizational structures and client information systems, constrained project resources and limited engagement of primary care. Parents perceived an electronic care plan as a facilitator of timely and effective care for CMC across multiple settings.ConclusionsAt a systems level, the integrated model fostered collaboration between partner organizations. At a family level, development of inter‐organizational management structures and communication platforms; provision of adequate resourcing; and increased engagement of primary care may enable high level organizational integration aimed at improved care co‐ordination for CMC.