The aim of this study was to evaluate radiation situation at the “ Pirit ” peaceful underground nuclear explosion site . The peaceful underground nuclear explosion “ Pirit ” with the capacity of 37.6 kt оf TNT equivalent was carried out on May 25, 1981 on the territory of the Kumzhinskoye gas condensate field at a depth of 1.5 km . The field is located near the northern coast of the European part of Russia in the delta of the Pechora River ( Nenets Autonomous District ). The peaceful underground nuclear explosion “ Pirit ” was carried out with the aim to stop the uncontrolled gas gushing . Radiation situation is assessed according to the main indicators : dose rate values and content of technogenic radionuclides in soil and water . The radiation survey included d etermining g eographic c oordinates o f s pecific l andscape e lements , m easurement a nd s ampling p oints u sing s atellite n avigators , m easurement o f a mbient d ose e quivalent r ate , i dentification o f g amma-emitting r adionuclides i n s itu b y f ield g amma s pectrometry , s ampling o f w ater , p hoto a nd v ideo s hooting . On t he s ite o f t he u nderground n uclear e xplosion “ P irit ” t he v alues o f t he a mbient d ose e quivalent r ate w ere i n t he r ange o f 0.050–0.089 μ Sv / h, w hich c orresponds t o t he l evels o f t he n atural r adiation b ackground . No s ites o f l ocal r adioactive c ontamination o f s oil b y 137Cs w ere d etected . The t ritium c ontent ( l ess t han 5 B q / k g ) i n w ater b odies d oes n ot e xceed t he l evels o f f luctuations o f t his i ndicator i n o ther r egions o f t he European t erritory o f Russia. The e stimated v alue o f t he e ffective d ose d ue t o i ngestion o f t ritium i n d rinking w ater i n l ocal s ettlements w as 0.044 μ Sv / y ear . The r adiation s ituation o n t he t erritory o f t he p eaceful n uclear e xplosion “ P irit ” m eets t he r equirements o f t he Russian S anitary R egulations a nd Standards 2.6.1.2819-10 “ E nsuring t he r adiation s afety o f t he p opulation l iving i n t he r egions o f n uclear e xplosions f or p eaceful p urposes (1965–1988)” a nd c urrently d oes n ot p ose a t hreat t o p ublic h ealth . D ue t o t he p otential d anger o f t echnogenic r adionuclides c oming f rom t he e picenter o f t he e xplosion t o t he s urface f or l ong-term r adiation s afety , i t i s n ecessary t o o rganize r adiation m onitoring o f t he t erritory a djacent t o t he e xplosion s ite , d etermine t he b oundaries o f t he p rotected z one a nd s et a ppropriate i nformation s igns w arning o f r adiation d anger .