Underground Development Research Articles

Construction of shafts using shaft boring machines without drill string : Wollers, K Paper to 3rd Australian Tunnelling Conference, Sydney, 12–15 Sept 1978, 6P

Mechanization which has taken place in the German Mining Industry during the past decade has extended to the mechanization of underground development work and shaft sinking. Competition due to mining of more favourable mineral deposits, scarcity of experienced personnel and a decreasing willingness to do physical work compelled the introduction of mechanization. Along with this the German Mining Industry independently and voluntarily introduced methods to reduce the arduous physical labour conditions met with underground, especially in shaft sinking.

Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzers and their use in an Underground Exploration Program for Tin

In 1968 Consolidated Gold Fields commenced exploration below adit level at the Wheal Jane tin prospect in south-west England. During the surface exploration program the relatively recently introduced Portable X-ray Fluorescence Analyzer (“P.I.F.“) had been used for semi-quantitative scanning of drill core and for providing preliminary assays for tin on prepared core samples. The P.I.F. was introduced to the mining industry in 1965 (Bowie et. al. (1) and had originally been equipped specifically for tin analysis due to the current interest in tin exploration, the difficulties of chemically assaying for tin and the suitability of tin to X-ray analytical techniques. The instrumentation and principals of operation have been described by Bowie (1,2). At Wheal Jane the need to obtain rapid analyses to help control underground development and difficulties in visually recognizing the tin mineralization made the prospect an excellent testing ground for the practical aspects of the instrument.

造園樹木の生長におよぼす土壌硬度の影響

1) Growth of sample trees (Ginko biloba L. and Camellia japonica L. var. hortensis Makino f. otome Makino) Planted in highly solid ground is unsatisfactory as far as the parts above ground is concerned, and as years go by this becomes more remarkable, while the contrary is observed among trees planted in less solid ground.2) As for the parts nnderground, though growth is not satisfactory, in highly solid ground, roots are seen growing more extensively than one expects. Also, the rate of underground development underground parts/whole (except flowers and leaves) is great. In the meantime those planted in less solid ground extend their roots well, but the rate of underground development is small.4) In case of Ginkgo biloba L. those planted in highly solid ground shed their leaves early, while those planted in less solid ground shed theirs late. In case of Camellia japonica L., var. hortensis Makino f. otome Makino those planted in highly solid ground put out ower buds fairly well while they are yound, and those planted in less solid ground put them out quite well.4) As to the moisture in soil, in highly solid ground soil easily dries. Even after rain, it contains a big amount of water only for a short while and quickly dries up. Soil in less solid ground holds water fairly well.

Summary and Interpretation of Underground Development in Natural Grassland Communities

Ecological MonographsVolume 28, Issue 1 p. 55-78 Article Summary and Interpretation of Underground Development in Natural Grassland Communities J. E. Weaver, J. E. WeaverSearch for more papers by this author J. E. Weaver, J. E. WeaverSearch for more papers by this author First published: 01 January 1958 https://doi.org/10.2307/1942275Citations: 56AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume28, Issue1January 1958Pages 55-78 RelatedInformation

Progress in High-Tension Underground Cable Research and Development

This paper deals primarily with the ``solid'' type paper insulated high-tension cable, the development field still ahead being extensive. A review is given of the progress made during the past four years. The research and development work which made this progress possible is outlined, only the more important features being considered. Particular attention is given to void formation both in the factory and in the field, and methods of arriving at some understanding of this are demonstrated. The conclusion is drawn that void formation under service conditions is inherent in paper insulated ``solid'' cables. Methods of reducing the size and duration of voids, and increasing their pressure, thereby reducing the possibility of ionization deterioration, are carefully considered. Oil reservoir feed at the joints is of great value in this respect. This is dealt with in detail. Research data on ionization and other characteristics of finished cable and cable materials are presented.