Ultrasound Scan Examination Research Articles

Comparison of ultrasound scanning and clinical examination for detecting insulin injection related Lipohypertrophy and construction of Lipohypertrophy classification table.

To explore an cost-effective, convenient method for lipohypertrophy (LH) detection with a high detection rate, and to construct a classification table for LH, so as to provide reference for LH screening and management. From December 2021 to November 2022, 395 hospitalized patients with diabetes from a Tianjin tertiary hospital were enrolled. The LH was detected through ultrasound scanning (USS), structured visual palpation (SVP), and ordinary visual palpation (OVP), and the detection rates were compared. A classification table for LH (LH-LNT table) was constructed based on SVP characteristics. Under USS, SVP, and OVP, the detection of LH was 89.6%, 78.0%, and 66.6% respectively, with site detection at 92.3%, 71.2%, and 57.8% respectively, showcasing statistically significant differences among the three methods. SVP had a lower misdiagnosis rate than OVP, with upper arm and thighs being common misdiagnosed sites. LH was mostly found in the lower abdomen, flat, and soft on palpation. L1N2T1 (two soft LH on abdomen) was the main type, accounting for 35.4%. SVP is useful for detecting LH and deserves clinical promotion. The LH-LNT table constructed here effectively summarizes patient LH status, aiding doctor-nurse-patient communication.

Relationship Between Ultrasound and Physical Examination in the Assessment of Enthesitis in Patients With Spondyloarthritis: Results From the DEUS Multicenter Study.

The study objectives were (i) to explore the agreement between the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) ultrasound lesions of enthesitis and physical examination in assessing enthesitis in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) and (ii) to investigate the prevalence and clinical relevance of subclinical enthesitis in this population. Twenty rheumatology centers participated in this cross-sectional study. Patients with SpA, including axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), underwent both ultrasound scan and physical examination of large lower limb entheses. The OMERACT ultrasound lesions of enthesitis were considered, along with a recently proposed definition for "active enthesitis" by our group. Subclinical enthesitis was defined as the presence of "active enthesitis" in ≥1 enthesis in patients with SpA without clinical enthesitis (ie, number of positive entheses on physical examination and Leeds Enthesitis Index score = 0). A total of 4,130 entheses in 413 patients with SpA (224 with axSpA and 189 with PsA) were evaluated through ultrasound and physical examination. Agreement between ultrasound and physical examination ranged from moderate (ie, enthesophytes) to almost perfect (ie, power Doppler and "active enthesitis"). Patellar tendon entheses demonstrated the highest agreement, whereas Achilles tendon insertion showed the lowest. Among 158 (38.3%) of 413 patients with SpA with clinical enthesitis, 108 (68.4%) exhibited no "active enthesitis" on ultrasound. Conversely, of those 255 without clinical enthesitis, 39 (15.3%) showed subclinical enthesitis. Subclinical enthesitis was strongly associated with local structural damage. However, no differences were observed regarding the demographic and clinical profiles of patients with SpA with and without subclinical enthesitis. Our study underscores the need for a comprehensive tool integrating ultrasound and physical examination for assessing enthesitis in patients with SpA.

A Neglected Tropical Disease: Thoracic Actinomycetoma a Succesfull Case Report

Mycetoma is a chronic, granulomatous subcutaneous infection characterized by a triad of inflammation, painless tumour-like lesions and multiple sinuses discharging grains [1]. In Mexico, 97% of mycetomas are caused by bacteria of the order Actinomycetales, where Nocardia brasiliensis is the most important agent, while in eumycetomas the most important genera are Madurella spp. and Trematosphaeria spp [4]. This pathology is more common in men (3:1 to 5:1) between the age of 20 and 40 years, and up to 75% of patients present the injury (being the entry way) in the lower extremity, most commonly in the foot (70%). Other sites include the head, neck, chest, shoulders and arms [6, 7]. The diagnosis of mycetoma is based on clinical presentation, imaging studies and identification of the causative organisms in relevant clinical samples taken from affected tissues using fine-needle aspiration, or surgical biopsy. The diagnosis of mycetoma is based on clinical presentation, imaging studies and identification of the causative organisms in relevant clinical samples taken from affected tissues using fine-needle aspiration, or surgical biopsy. Imaging including X-ray, ultrasound, MRI and CT scan examinations may be required to characterize the spread and extent of disease [3].

Hepatobiliary Ascariasis in a Piglet

PurposeAscariasis caused by the helminth Ascaris suum is the most common parasitosis of swine worldwide and it may involve all age categories of pigs. The present study reports an unusual localization of A.suum worms in the biliary system of a piglet slaughtered for human consumption.MethodsThe liver was subjected to ultrasound scan and pathological examination. The isolated worms were morphologically examined and the DNA was extracted for the molecular identification of the species involved.ResultsA total of 43 preadult nematodes were found within the gallbladder and the bile ducts. Parasites were morphologically identified as belonging to the genus Ascaris and molecularly as A. suum. At gross examination, the liver was moderately enlarged, with the bile ducts severely dilated. A chronic inflammatory infiltrate was noted, often centered around ectatic bile ducts (up to 5 mm in diameter), lined by hyperplastic epithelium and filled with sections of nematodes. The worm sections showed smooth cuticle, coelomyarian musculature, and an intestinal tract lined by columnar, uninucleated cells within a pseudocoelom. The ex vivo ultrasonographic examination of the liver allowed the visualization of several nematodes in the bile duct lumen and could be suggested for in vivo diagnosis. Unfortunately, the absence of the intestine did not allow to define the pathogenesis of the infection.ConclusionAlthough, given the unusual nature of this finding, it is difficult to identify predisposing factors for this A. suum localization, it suggests that ascariasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pigs with hepatobiliary disease.

Acute appendicitis in pregnancy

Introduction: The early diagnosis and management of appendicitis in pregnancy are essential in maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. In this 20-year retrospective study, we aimed to assess the outcomes of pregnant patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis.Methods: A single-center retrospective study was carried out. Randomly selected 2000 medical records of pregnant mothers referred as outpatients and hospitalized from 2002 to 2022 were retrieved. Six pregnant patients who were diagnosed and treated in Nawaloka Hospital with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis during 2002-2022 were examined retrospectively. Ethics Committee approval was received. No conflicting interest.Results: The age range of our patients was 22 to 31 years, mean of 26± 3.4. The mean gestational week was 20±5.3 weeks, and most were in the second trimester 4 (68%). All patients were admitted with the complaint of abdominal pain, the majority of them had the right iliac fossa pain (RIF). All had elevated inflammatory markers. No computed tomography (CT) was performed. One patient was diagnosed clinically of having acute appendicitis without any imaging. Acute appendicitis was diagnosed in 3/5 patients who underwent ultrasound scan examination. The other two patients (one from 2nd trimester and one in the third trimester) were diagnosed with acute appendicitis on MRI examination. All patients underwent open appendectomy under general anaesthesia. No maternal or foetal morbidity or mortality was noted during pre or post-surgical and anaesthesia procedures. The mean hospital stay was 3.9±0.9 days. All appendixes were pathologically proven to have acute appendicitis. Except for minor superficial surgical site infection rest of the mothers and foetus had no morbidity or mortality recorded in the follow-up.Conclusion: Although appendicitis is not frequent during pregnancy, it is a disease that requires urgent surgical and obstetrics care for timely diagnosis and treatment.

Preventive ultrasound diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities in patients with COVID-19

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the risk group for detecting early signs of thrombus formation in the veins of the lower extremities during preventive ultrasound examination in patients with COVID-19. Materials and methods: The study included three groups of patients who were in intensive care units for COVID-19, of which 50 with acute venous thrombosis, 50 with venostasis in the veins of the lower extremities, and 50 patients without vein pathology, which constituted the control group. All patients were determined the level of D-dimer, fibrinogen and underwent duplex ultrasound scanning examination of the veins of the lower extremities. Results: A close correlation was established between the presence of venous thrombosis and the levels of D-dimer and fibrinogen (2.33, 4.66, p=0.0001). According to the data obtained, in the examined patients values ​​>=2.33 µg/ml for D-dimer is a sign of thrombus formation with 87.76% sensitivity and 97% specificity. For fibrinogen values 0. ​​>=4.64 g/L are indicative of thrombus formation with 83.67% sensitivity and 83.00% specificity. The two studied parameters D-dimer (AUC area = 0.9458) and fibrinogen (AUC area = 0.9024) were a very high-quality classifier model. Conclusion: The results of this study make it possible to form risk groups for the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and to carry out timely prevention of this pathology. In patients with COVID-19 with severe respiratory failure and elevated levels of D-dimer (more than 2.33 mg/l) and fibrinogen (more than 4.64 g/l) duplex ultrasound is indicated.

Factors influence on ultrasound scan imaging quality and point of care in the clinical context

Objectives: Patient preparation before abdominal ultrasound plays a major role to ensure improved visualization of internal organs and pathologies by minimizing artifacts. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness on abdominal ultrasound scan imaging quality by patient preparation and evaluate its associated factors. Method and Materials: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study on consenting medical patients who had undergone elective abdominal ultrasound scan examinations at the radiology department of tertiary care center, in Sri Lanka for a three months period. Blinded examiners examined the patient preparation and optimization of the scan image findings in related to the abdominal ultrasound scan. The univariate, bivariate analysis and the chi-squared test were used to check the relationship between two categorical variables as this study dataset comprises more than 50 observations, where 5% was used as the significance level. Results: The total 320 randomized patients were included in the primary analyses. The majority of this study participant (29.7%) age was above 60 years while considering gender prevalence both male and female had relatively an equal contribution 52.2% and 47.8% respectively. The greater number of study participants represented urban living places (53.1%) while there was 46.9% from rural places. The occupational category accounted for skilled workers 16.9%, menial jobs 27.8% and a larger proportion was jobless (55.3%). Conclusion: There are lack of research study on patient preparation and optimization of abdominal ultrasound imaging quality. However, our study contends that patient’s preparation improves the abdominal ultrasound scan imaging quality to some extent.

Green Synthesis of Purslane Seeds-Selenium Nanoparticles and Evaluate its Cytokines Inhibitor in Lead Acetate Induced Toxicity in Rats

Lead is a heavy metal that produces toxicity in both humans and animals due to oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to synthesize through green channel and evaluate hepatoprotective effect of purslane seeds-selenium nanoparticles (PS-Se NPs) against lead acetate-induced liver toxicity. The PS-Se NPs were made and their particle size and zeta potential were measured. In addition, the IC50 of SP-Se NPs against the HepG-2 liver cancer cell line as well as and LD50 in rats were determined. The PS-Se NPs had a mean particle size of around 54.70 ± 4.55 nm, a negative zeta potential of +17.25 and the observed shape of the nanoparticle was spherical. Also, the IC50 of PS-Se NPs against HepG-2 liver carcinoma cell line is 92.66 μg/mL and the LD50 is 1695 mg/kg b.w. Daily oral administration of PS-Se NPs at concentrations of 33.9 and 84.75 mg/kg b.w. for 30 days to rats treated with lead acetate (0.6 mg/kg b.w.) resulted in significant improvements in ALT, AST, ALP, TNF-α, Bcl-2, P53 and MDA. In contrast, oral administration of PS-Se NPs increased the levels of SOD, GPx and GSH in the liver tissue of lead acetate-treated rats. Furthermore, PS-Se NPs almost normalized these effects in histoarchitecture and ultrasound scanning examination of liver tissue. The PS-Se NPs have protective activity against lead acetate-induced liver tissue injury in rats, according to the biochemical, histological and ultrasound scanning findings.

Detection sensitivity of ultrasound scanning vs. clinical examination for insulin injection-related lipohypertrophy.

Detection sensitivity of ultrasound scanning vs. clinical examination for insulin injection-related lipohypertrophy.

Оцінка якості життя онкогінекологічних хворих після проведеної гістероваріектомії, асоційованої з тромботичними ускладненнями

Oncological treatment for post-operative patients is aimed to improve their symptomatic course and life prognosis. However, the subjection of a woman following radical intervention in her reproductive system has a devastating effect on the quality of life in this cohort of patients. Quality of life is one of the modern criteria for assessing the effectiveness of health care. The main tool for measuring quality of life is the standardized questionnaires produced by psychometric methods. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life of women with cancer with post-operative thrombotic complications. The purpose of the study was to assess the indicators dynamics of the quality of life in oncological patients before and after a hysterovariectomy associated with thrombotic complications. Materials and methods. In accordance with the purpose of the study, a comprehensive examination of 34 women with oncological diseases of the uterus and appendages with postoperative deep vein thrombosis, who were in hospital, was done. The average age of patients was 51.4 士 3.5. All patients underwent hysterovariectomy. The control group consisted of 30 healthy women. The set of diagnostic and therapeutic measures included a thorough clinical examination with anamnesis, features of menstrual and reproductive functions, transvaginal ultrasound scanning, hysteroscopy and histological examination of macrodrugs removed during surgery. The groups were compared by age, volume of surgery and comorbidities. Results and discussion. Analysis of the initial results of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire in oncological patients showed a low statistically significant score in all its scales compared to practically healthy women (p <0.05). In the group of patients with post-operative thrombotic complications, after a hysterovariectomy, there was an evident decrease by 46.5% in physical activity compared to the initial data (p <0.05). In the context of therapy, there has been a decrease in social contacts and in the level of communication due to physical and emotional limitations (p <0.05). The decline in quality of life was associated with an increase in sexual dysfunction in 100% of cases. Conclusion. The assessment of indicators of quality of life in patients with malignant neoplasia of the gynaecological sphere must be monitored before and after rapid treatment to determine the necessary social-medical algorithm of actions to adapt such patients during the rehabilitation period

Impact of the volume of the myelomeningocele sac on imaging, prenatal neurosurgery and motor outcomes: a retrospective cohort study

To investigate the association of the myelomeningocele (MMC) volume with prenatal and postnatal motor function (MF) in cases who underwent a prenatal repair. Retrospective cohort study (11/2011 to 03/2019) of 63 patients who underwent a prenatal MMC repair (37 fetoscopic, 26 open-hysterotomy). At referral, measurements of the volume of MMC was performed based on ultrasound scans. A large MMC was defined as greater than the optimal volume threshold (ROC analysis) for the prediction of intact MF at referral (2.7 cc). Prenatal or postnatal intact motor function (S1) was defined as the observation of plantar flexion of the ankle based on ultrasound scan or postnatal examination. 23/63 participants presented a large MMC. Large MMC lesions was associated with an increased risk of having clubfeet by 9.5 times (CI%95[2.1–41.8], p < 0.01), and reduces the chances of having an intact MF at referral by 0.19 times (CI%95[0.1–0.6], p < 0.01). At birth, a large MMC reduces the chance of having an intact MF by 0.09 times (CI%95[0.01–0.49], p < 0.01), and increases the risk of having clubfeet by 3.7 times (CI%95[0.8–18.3], p = 0.11). A lower proportion of intact MF and a higher proportion of clubfeet pre- or postnatally were observed in cases with a large MMC sac who underwent a prenatal repair.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02230072 and NCT03794011 registered on September 3rd, 2014 and January 4th, 2019.

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Between Obese and Non-Obese Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), previously thought to predominantly affect obese individuals, has also been shown to occur in subjects who have a relatively normal body mass index (BMI). Due to the normal BMI, non-obese NAFLD are easily to be ignored and eventually lead to potential liver injuries.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 1608 cases with normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels who were divided into an obese group (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) and a non-obese group (BMI <25 kg/m2). NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound and Fibro Scan examination. Non-obese populations were divided into NAFLD group (CAP ≥240 db/m) and non-NAFLD group (CAP <240 db/m). The incidence of NAFLD in the obese and non-obese populations and constituent ratios of genders, age, and serum levels of triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), and blood glucose were compared. Risk factors of NAFLD in non-obese people were analyzed by multivariate logistics regression.ResultsThe occurrence of NAFLD was higher in the obese group than in the non-obese group, regardless of gender (P <0.001). In the non-obese group, the occurrence of NAFLD in female patients was lower than that in male (P=0.001). The occurrence of NAFLD increased with age, with 50–59 years being the peak age of incidence in both male and female. The peak age of NAFLD occurrence in non-obese male patients was more delayed than that in obese male patients. BMI (OR=1.311, P=0.000) and TG (OR=2.545, P=0.000) were risk factors for NAFLD in the non-obese population.ConclusionCompared with obese population, the incidence of NAFLD in non-obese population was relatively low and more frequently in male than in female, the peak age of NAFLD occurrence in non-obese male patients was also delayed. BMI and TG should still be controlled to avoid the occurrence of NAFLD although the BMI of such patients is normal.

Inguinal masses in pregnancy: A case of round ligament varicosty in Ghana

Round ligament varicosities (RLVs) are noted to present diagnostic difficulties for clinicians and are often mistaken to be inguinal hernias. Very few of such cases have been reported globally. To the best of my knowledge, no case on RLV has been reported in Ghana and as such, this case study is likely to be the first reported case in Ghana. A 27-year-old pregnant woman reported to the hospital with complains of bilateral inguinal swelling accompanied with intermittent excruciating pain. The swellings are visible with the woman in the standing position but disappear with the woman lying supine. The swellings are however prominent in the supine position on Valsalva maneuver. The woman was diagnosed with bilateral inguinal hernia and was scheduled for possible surgery after delivery. Dilatation of the vasculature of the round ligament presents as a bulging mass within the inguinal canal, mimicking inguinal hernias when examined physically. The distinction between the two, thus, the RLV and inguinal hernia is established with ultrasound scan examination. Diagnosing RLVs require the use of a color/power Doppler ultrasound machine and also well-trained clinical personnel with sonographic expertise. Ultrasound scan has been recognized to diagnose RLV effectively and to produce a clear-cut distinction from inguinal hernia. Accurate diagnosis of RLV is also essential to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions since the condition is noted to mostly resolve by itself after delivery.

Subclinical lipohypertrophy--Easily ignored complications of insulin therapy.

Subclinical lipohypertrophy is a lesion meeting ultrasonic criteria for lipohypertrophy that was not detected by inspection and palpation. Little information is published on subclinical lipohypertrophy among insulin injection people with diabetes. We aimed to investigate the subclinical lipohypertrophy prevalence, risk factors, and the association between subclinical lipohypertrophy and glycemic control. This observational study included 316 people with diabetes who had continuously received insulin therapy for at least one year. We performed ultrasound scanning and clinical examination for evidence of subclinical lipohypertrophy. Demographic characteristics, clinical information, and glycated hemoglobin were measured. The overall prevalence of subclinical lipohypertrophy was 19.9%. By stepwise logistic regression, higher BMI (OR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.15-1.81, P = 0.002), incorrect rotation of sites (OR = 3.11, 95%CI: 1.02-9.47, P = 0.046), insulin needle reusage for more than four times (OR = 10.00, 95%CI: 3.23-31.02, P = 0.000) and type 1 diabetes (OR = 6.33, 95%CI: 1.32-30.47, P = 0.021) remained associated with subclinical lipohypertrophy. Subclinical lipohypertrophy demonstrated a significant independent correlation with the nonoptimal glycemic control (OR = 9.97, 95% CI: 3.46-28.75, P = 0.000) when accounting for demographic and diabetes-related parameters. Subclinical lipohypertrophy is common among insulin-injecting patients with diabetes and is related to glycemic control deterioration. Ultrasonography may be an ideal adjunct in the evaluation of easily ignored lipohypertrophy lesions, especially where poor glycemic control, incorrect injection behaviors, overweight or obesity are documented.

How to perform and interpret the lung ultrasound by the obstetricians in pregnant women during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

Objective:Evidence for the use of lung ultrasound scan (LUS) examinations in coronavirus 2019 pneumonia is rapidly growing. The safe and non-ionizing nature of LUS drew attention, particularly for pregnant women. This study aimed to contribute to the interpretation of LUS findings in pregnant women for the obstetricians.Materials and Methods:LUS was performed to pregnant women suspected of or diagnosed as having Severe Acute Respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the first 24 hours of admission. Fourteen areas (3 posterior, 2 lateral, and 2 anterior) were scanned per patient for at least 10 seconds along the indicated anatomical landmarks. The scan was performed in supine, right-sided and left-sided positions, respectively. Each area was given a score between 0 and 3 according to the specific pattern.Results:In this study, 21 still images and 21 videoclips that enabled dynamic and real-time evaluation were provided. Pleural line assessment, physiologic A-lines, pathologic B-lines, light beam pattern, white lung pattern, and specific patterns for quick recognition and evaluation are described.Conclusion:The potential advantages and limitations of LUS and its areas of use for obstetricians are discussed. LUS is a promising supplementary imaging tool during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. It is easy to perform and may be feasible in the hands of obstetricians after a brief didactic course. It may be a firstline imaging modality for pregnant women.

URETEROCELE DENGAN DUPLIKASI URETER KOMPLIT

Ureterocele is a congenital distal ureter dilatation abnormality that formed like sac located intravesical or ectopic outside the normal anatomy location. The exact etiology of ureterocele is not yet known certainty, presumably due to the obstruction of the ureteral orificium during embryogenesis. There are 80% ureterocele associated with urinarius duplicating system. Radiological examination has an important role in the evaluation and diagnosis of ureterocele. We reported a case of 2 year 7 monthold girl admitted to the hospital with complaints of pain during urination experienced since 2 months ago. Routine urine examination showed leukocytes +++ / 500 cells / uL, blood: ++ / 80 cells / uL and bacteria (+). Ultrasound and CT scan examination showed the presence of intravesical cystic lesions which related to the left ureter. On BNO-IVP examination showed dilatation of left renal pelvicalyceal system that located inferiorly with drooping lily sign appearance, suspicion diagnosis of a bipelvic biureter. Hydronephrosis and hydroureter in lower moety and non function in upper moety. This finding was confirmed by the surgery result that the presence of two ureteric distal, ectopic ureterocele located on the urethral sphincter and another intravesical position.

Haematobiochemical alterations in hepatic diseases in dogs

The present study was carried out in Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati over a period of one year from January 2019 to December 2019. The canine clinical cases suspected for hepatic diseases were screened with specially designed data sheet. These clinical cases were subjected to clinical examination, ultrasound scan, radiography and haemato-biochemical examination. Out of 10,921 cases we have selected 52 clinical cases, from which the whole blood and serum were collected and sent to Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Haemogram, leukogram and serum biochemical profile were performed as per the standard methods. Hematological studies revealed moderate to severe anemia, decrease in PCV, leucocytosis, neutrophilia and thrombocytopenia. Elevation of ALT, AST, globulin, BUN, creatinine and decreased total protein and albumin were observed in serum biochemical profile.

Spousal Participation During Pregnancy and Delivery in Ilorin, Nigeria

Background: The potential benefits of the active involvement of men in antenatal and intrapartum events remain largely unexplored in low-resource countries despite the reported benefits from high income areas.&#x0D; Aim: To evaluate male partners' attitudes and experience on their level of involvement during pregnancy, labour and delivery.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at four health facilities in North Central Nigeria from 1st February to 30th July 2017. Participants were male partners of women who were pregnant during the study period; recruitment was after informed consent, data management was with SPSS (version 21.0); p &lt;0.05 was significant.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The male partners were aged 23 to 60 years (mean 35.96±6.76), 173 (69.2%) accompanied the partner to antenatal clinic and 150(60.0%) to ultrasound scan examination. The commonest hindrance to men's antenatal participation was commuter marriage (29; 37.7%); 171(68.4%) participants supported the presence of the man atdelivery while 32(40.5%) opined that men may disturb the health provider during delivery. Also, 137(54.8%) men have requested to be present at delivery previously while 46(33.6%) were obliged; among those obliged, 25(54.3%) described the experience as satisfactory while 28(60.9%) intend to be present at future deliveries. In all, 212(84.8%) suggested antepartum education classes for male partners, 202(80.8%) intend to attend such classes while 143(57.2%) suggested health facility restructuring to facilitate men's participation.&#x0D; Conclusion: Men are increasingly desirous of active participation at antenatal and intrapartum events; increasing male partner education, male-friendly facility infrastructures and health providers' cooperation will encourage them to fulfil these roles.

Spousal Participation During Pregnancy and Delivery in Ilorin, Nigeria

Background: The potential benefits of the active involvement of men in antenatal and intrapartum events remain largely unexplored in low-resource countries despite the reported benefits from high income areas.&#x0D; Aim: To evaluate male partners' attitudes and experience on their level of involvement during pregnancy, labour and delivery.&#x0D; Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at four health facilities in North Central Nigeria from 1st February to 30th July 2017. Participants were male partners of women who were pregnant during the study period; recruitment was after informed consent, data management was with SPSS (version 21.0); p &lt;0.05 was significant.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: The male partners were aged 23 to 60 years (mean 35.96±6.76), 173 (69.2%) accompanied the partner to antenatal clinic and 150(60.0%) to ultrasound scan examination. The commonest hindrance to men's antenatal participation was commuter marriage (29; 37.7%); 171(68.4%) participants supported the presence of the man atdelivery while 32(40.5%) opined that men may disturb the health provider during delivery. Also, 137(54.8%) men have requested to be present at delivery previously while 46(33.6%) were obliged; among those obliged, 25(54.3%) described the experience as satisfactory while 28(60.9%) intend to be present at future deliveries. In all, 212(84.8%) suggested antepartum education classes for male partners, 202(80.8%) intend to attend such classes while 143(57.2%) suggested health facility restructuring to facilitate men's participation.&#x0D; Conclusion: Men are increasingly desirous of active participation at antenatal and intrapartum events; increasing male partner education, male-friendly facility infrastructures and health providers' cooperation will encourage them to fulfil these roles.

Adiponectin levels in patients with endometrial carcinoma and abnormal uterine bleeding

Adiponectin levels in patients with endometrial carcinoma and abnormal uterine bleeding - IJCBR- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6369 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6377 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijcbr.2019.106, International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Research-Int J Clin Biochem Res