Experimental data from studies of the formation of the fields of transverse and longitudinal modes at frequencies of 1–3 MHz, whose primary source is a Rayleigh-wave transducer (PET), in specimens with different angles of protrusion γ = 0–135° are presented. Data on the surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) transmission coefficients for the passage through the region of matching of the specimen contact surface to the inner face of the protrusion and the SAW transformation into a head (surface) wave, which serves as the source of one of the components of the transverse-mode field, were obtained. The influence of the protrusion height, h, on the passage of a transformed SAW acoustic pulse through it was investigated, and the possibility of detecting surface defects that are located on the opposite side of the protrusion was shown. Applied aspects of using the investigation results in the ultrasonic testing and measurement technique were considered.