Ultra-low Volume Research Articles

Laboratory and field assays indicate that a widespread no-see-um, Culicoides furens (Poey) is susceptible to permethrin

The recent emergence of Oropouche virus (OROV) highlights the importance of understanding insecticide susceptibility in the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). In addition to the vector of OROV, this genus contains many other species that are biting nuisances and vectors of pathogens that affect humans, livestock, and wildlife. With adulticides as the primary method of Culicoides control, there is growing concern about insecticide resistance, compounded by the lack of tools to monitor Culicoides susceptibility. We adapted the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) bottle bioassay and field cage trial methods, typically used to monitor insecticide susceptibility in mosquitoes and formulated adulticide efficacy, to evaluate permethrin susceptibility in the widely distributed coastal nuisance species, Culicoides furens. Permethrin caused 100% mortality in C. furens in field and laboratory assays. We identified a diagnostic dose (10.75 µg) and time (30 min) that resulted in 100% mortality in CDC bottle bioassays. Additionally, we determined that no-see-um netting is an effective mesh for field cage trials, allowing for the accurate assessment of Culicoides susceptibility to ultra-low volume applications of formulated adulticides like Permanone 30–30, a widely used adulticide. These methodologies offer essential tools for assessing Culicoides susceptibility, which is crucial for managing populations of Culicoides and preventing the spread of OROV and other pathogens.

Innovative ventilation technologies used in the intensive care unit for adults and children: a scoping review

Background There is widespread interest in the use of innovative ventilation technologies to improve clinical outcomes across the 13–20 million people each year globally that receive invasive ventilation on an intensive care unit. This scoping review aims to summarise the volume and nature of evidence underpinning the use of 22 innovative ventilation technologies in adults and children. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library and other key databases from 2010 to May 2024 for primary studies and systematic reviews that evaluated the use of 22 innovative ventilation technologies in adults and children requiring, or at risk of requiring, invasive ventilation. We defined an innovative ventilation technology as a ventilation approach not currently recommended by clinical guidelines due to lack of or uncertainty of evidence. We summarise findings as evidence maps. Results Our search identified 22,274 records of which we included 851 studies (564 primary studies; 277 systematic reviews; 10 economic evaluation studies). Over 50% of studies focussed on non-invasive respiratory support strategies to reduce the risk of a primary tracheal intubation (n=319, 37%) or re-intubation (n=130, 15%). We identified ten or fewer studies for seven technologies, including phrenic nerve stimulation, artificial intelligence, and ultra-low tidal volume ventilation. Few studies include children (n=128, 15%) or report patient-focussed outcomes (n=19, 2%). Conclusions For many technologies despite being used in clinical practice, the available evidence is currently inadequate to determine its clinical effectiveness, particularly in children. Key technologies need to be evaluated in high-quality multi-centre clinical trials that report patient-focussed outcomes.

Contemporary contrast media dosing during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with pre-existing renal impairment.

Contrast volume minimization can mitigate acute kidney injury (AKI) risk following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but national data regarding contemporary contrast volume dosing patterns are lacking. The authors analyzed data from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) CathPCI registry to assess the prevalence and outcomes of renal function-based contrast dosing during PCI in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. The authors analyzed data from 463 753 patients with an eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, and categorized patients based on contrast volume/eGFR: high (> 3), low (1-3), and ultra-low (less than 1). eGFR was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration creatinine equation. The primary outcome was occurrence of AKI. Outcomes were adjusted based on covariates derived from a validated AKI prediction model. The majority (51.4%) of patients received high contrast volume. Compared with patients who received low contrast volume, patients with high contrast volume use had a significantly higher incidence of AKI (adjusted OR 1.36 [1.28 to 1.45]) and a higher stage of AKI (adjusted OR 1.90 [1.80 to 2.00]). The incidence of AKI was similar between low and ultra-low contrast volume use. The development of new need for dialysis was higher in patients who received high contrast volume (2.8%) compared with those who received low contrast volume (0.8%) and ultra-low contrast volume (0.8%) (P less than .001). High contrast volume during PCI is associated with worse outcomes including AKI and new need for dialysis. Our study provides further support for the use of contrast volume less than 3 times the eGFR as a target to guide contrast dosing during PCI.

Feasibility and safety of ultra-low volume ventilation (≤ 3 ml/kg) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) in acute respiratory failure patients

BackgroundUltra-protective ventilation is the combination of low airway pressures and tidal volume (Vt) combined with extra corporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R). A recent large study showed no benefit of ultra-protective ventilation compared to standard ventilation in ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome) patients. However, the reduction in Vt failed to achieve the objective of less than or equal to 3 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW). The main objective of our study was to assess the feasibility of the ultra-low volume ventilation (Vt ≤ 3 ml/kg PBW) facilitated by ECCO2R in acute respiratory failure patients.MethodsRetrospective analysis of a prospective cohort of patients with either high or low blood flow veno-venous ECCO2R devices. A session was defined as a treatment of ECCO2R from the start to the removal of the device (one patient could have one more than one session). Primary endpoint was the proportion of sessions during which a Vt less or equal to 3 ml/kg PBW at 24 h after the start of ECCO2R was successfully achieved for at least 12 h. Secondary endpoints were respiratory variables, rate of adverse events and outcomes.ResultsForty-five ECCO2R sessions were recorded among 41 patients. Ultra-low volume ventilation (tidal volume ≤ 3 ml/kg PBW, success group) was successfully achieved at 24 h in 40.0% sessions (18 out of 45 sessions, confidence interval 25.3–54.6%). At 24 h, tidal volume in the failure group was 4.1 [3.8–4.5] ml/kg PBW compared to 2.1 [1.9–2.5] in the success group (p < 0.001). After multivariate analysis, blood flow rate was significantly associated with success of ultra-low volume ventilation (adjusted OR per 100 ml/min increase 1.51 (95%CI 1.21–1.90, p = 0.0003).ConclusionUltra-low volume ventilation (≤ 3 ml/kg PBW) was feasible in 18 out of 45 sessions. Higher blood flow rates were associated with the success of ultra-low volume ventilation.

Ultra-Low Volume Application of Biological and Selected Chemical Pesticides

Growing cotton in Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland (now Zimbabwe and Malawi) began in the 1920's, but yields of Cotton remained low due to different insect pests. A project was established by the UK and in 1958 I was recruited to show farmers how to use DDT to control the insect pests. Some trials had been started using a knapsack sprayer fitted with a lance with two nozzles spraying Endrin laterally as the operator walked between the rows of cotton plants.

Selection of novel ssDNA aptamer for ultra-sensitive colorimetric detection of acetamiprid using ultra-small dot assay

Selection of novel ssDNA aptamer for ultra-sensitive colorimetric detection of acetamiprid using ultra-small dot assay

Crystal Modulation of Mn-Based Layered Oxide toward Long-Enduring Anionic Redox with Fast Kinetics for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Mn-based layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries with anionic redox reactions hold great potential for energy storage applications due to their ultra-high capacity and cost effectiveness. However, achieving high capacity requires overcoming challenges such as oxygen-redox failure, sluggish kinetics, and structural degradation. Herein, we employ an innovative crystal modulation strategy, using Mn-based Na0.72Li0.24Mn0.76O2 as a representative cathode material, which shows that the highly exposed {010} active facets enable an enhanced rate capability (119.6 mAh g-1 at 10 C) with fast kinetics. Meanwhile, the reinforced Mn-O bond inhibits excessive oxidation of lattice oxygen and O-O cohesion loss, stabilizing and maintaining a long-enduring reversible oxygen-redox activity (100 % high capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.5 C and 84.28 % retention after 300 cycles at 5 C). Time-resolved operando two-dimensional X-ray diffraction reveals the robust structural stability, zero-strain behavior, and suppressed phase transition with ultra-low volume variation during cycling at different rates (0.1 C: 1.75 %, 1 C: 0.31 %, 5 C: 0.04 %). Additionally, the full cell coupled with hard carbon achieves a high energy density of approximately 211 Wh kg-1 with superior performance. This work highlights the significance of crystal modulation and presents a universal approach in developing Mn-based oxide cathodes with stable anionic redox for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.

Agricultural spray drone deposition, Part 2: operational height and nozzle influence pattern uniformity, drift, and weed control

AbstractAgricultural spray drone (ASD) use in managed turfgrass has been given limited attention in the scientific literature. Further, deposition patterns of ASD spray have been obscured in previous research by ambient wind, crop canopy interference, and limited sampling resolution. Using a continuous sampling method involving blue colorant and water sprayed over white Kraft paper that was assessed via digital image analysis of stain objects and referenced spectrophotometric analysis of extractant, deposition metrics were estimated across a 29.3-m transect perpendicular to an ASD or ground-sprayer spray swath. The ASD applies very fine droplets that are highly concentrated with herbicide, similar to ultra–low volume treatments, that improved smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.] control compared with a ground sprayer when the ASD was operated 2 m above the turf. Unfortunately, these very fine droplets also drift, leading to four times greater droplet density at distance of almost 12 m away from the targeted spray swath following an operational height of 10 m compared with 2 m. As ASD operational height increases, drift and effective swath width at 30% coefficient of variation uniformity increases, while effective application rate, total deposition, and D. ischaemum control by quinclorac herbicide decreased. Total deposition decreased 6% for each meter increase in ASD operational height, likely due to evaporation. The potential losses due to evaporation are a serious consideration for ASD use that has received little attention in the scientific literature. Our data suggest that ASD operational height should be as low as possible, but modification of spray systems may be needed to improve homogeneity of spray pattern.

Feasibility of ultra-low volume contrast pulmonary arterial injection protocol for CTA in TAVI candidates with severe renal failure

Abstract Introduction Computer tomography angiography (CTA) has an important role in patient screening before TAVI. The high volumes of iodinated contrast media (CM) injected during the examination represents the main limitation of CTA with a dose-dependent association with contrast-induced nephropathy. Purpose Show the feasibility of an ultra-low-dose CM pulmonary arterial injection protocol for CTA in TAVI candidates in high risk patients with severe renal failure. Methods In our retrospective study seventy-seven (77) patients with CKD on stage 3b or worse (eGFR ≤ 45/min/1.73 m2) underwent pre-procedural CTA for TAVI-planning with a pulmonary arterial administration of CM. All CTA examinations were performed using a Dual Source 256-slice CT system. All enhanced CT acquisitions were performed using our dedicated biphasic injection protocol composed of two connected phases of contrast medium injection using different amount of CM (8, 10, 15 and 20 ml) according to BMI (&amp;lt;22 kg/m2; 22-24 kg/m2; 24-28 kg/m2; &amp;gt;28 kg/m2). The CM was administered directly into the pulmonary artery in all patients. For each examination was measured Intraluminal attenuation at thoraco-abdominal aorta and along the ilio-femoral vessels using the ROI (mean SD in HU) as objective image parameters (Picture 1). Serum creatinine and the eGFR were recorded pre-TAVI CT scan and after the procedures as reference of CM to renal function. Results CTA was successfully performed in all patients. Mean creatinine was 2.25 ± 0,76 mg/dL and mean GFR was 26.5± 8.1 mL/min/m2. Mean vessel attenuation was 352±164 HU at the aortic annulus, 238.1 ± 141,3 HU in the aortic arch and 266±168 in the iliac arteries (Picture 2). The mean image noise was 28.2 ± 7 HU in the aortic annulus, 24.4 ± 10,9 in the right external iliac artery, and 25. ± 12,8 HU in the left external iliac artery. After CTA examination, a total of 74 patients (96%) underwent TAVI. Mean CM dose administered during TAVI procedure was 150,6 ± 85,8. Three patients (3.9%) were abolished for TAVI. Postprocedural settings complications were recorded. A total of 31 patients (41%) had grade 1 paravalvular regurgitation, 10 patients (14%) grade 2. No cases of valve embolization or anulus rupture occured. No major vascular complications occured. No significant differences between creatine and eGFR pre and post procedures (p&amp;lt;0,001). Conclusions The use of an ultra-low-dose CM pulmonary arterial injection protocol for CTA in TAVI candidates does not affect the renal function and procedural success rate is high and the clinical outcomes after TAVI is satisfactory according to the litterature.

Unlocking Intracellular Protein Delivery by Harnessing Polymersomes Synthesized at Microliter Volumes using Photo-PISA.

Efficient delivery of therapeutic proteins and vaccine antigens to intracellular targets is challenging due to generally poor cell membrane permeation and endolysosomal entrapment causing degradation. Herein, these challenges are addressed by developing an oxygen-tolerant photoinitiated polymerization-induced self-assembly (Photo-PISA) process, allowing for the microliter-scale (10µL) synthesis of protein-loaded polymersomes directly in 1536-well plates. High-resolution techniques capable of analysis at a single particle level are employed to analyze protein encapsulation and release mechanisms. Using confocal microscopy and super-resolution stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging, their ability to deliver proteins into the cytosol following endosomal escape is subsequently visualized. Lastly, the adaptability of these polymersomes is exploited to encapsulate and deliver a prototype vaccine antigen, demonstrating its ability to activate antigen-presenting cells and support antigen cross-presentation for applications in subunit vaccines and cancer immunotherapy. This combination of ultralow volume synthesis and efficient intracellular delivery holds significant promise for unlocking the high throughput screening of a broad range of otherwise cost-prohibitive or early-stage therapeutic protein and vaccine antigen candidates that can be difficult to obtain in large quantities. The versatility of this platform for rapid screening of intracellular protein delivery can result in significant advancements across the fields of nanomedicine and biomedical engineering.

Use of ultra-low contrast dose CT aortography for the management of aortic aneurysmal disease

PurposeComputed tomography aortography (CTA) is used in the assessment of aortic pathologies and planning of surgical intervention. However, its dependence on iodinated contrast can result in development of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI). The potential concern of CI-AKI has spurred research into the potential of administration of low contrast volumes in CTA investigations while maintaining overall diagnostic appeal. Several studies have shown that CTA using contrast volumes as low as 30 mL (equivalent to 10.5 g of iodine) can still yield scans of diagnostic quality. We present a retrospective pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of utilising an ultra-low volume of iodinated intravenous contrast in a population of patients with severe renal insufficiency with referral from our vascular surgery unit for CTA evaluation of the thoracic and abdominal aorta.MethodsThis retrospective pilot study examined 12 CTA scans performed with 20 mLs of iodinated contrast and assessed image quality with both quantitative and qualitative markers. All scans were performed on a Siemens SOMATOM Force dual-source CT scanner. Quantitative assessment values were measured via attenuation values at eight aortoiliac locations and used to calculate a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) at each location. Qualitative analysis of image quality and viability for surgical intervention was obtained from subjective clinical assessment by an interventional radiologist and vascular surgeon.ResultsObtained quantitative assessment values included mean attenuation 189.9 HU, mean SNR 9.6 and mean CNR 8.0. All 12 scans demonstrated individual mean SNR values above predetermined quality thresholds while only five scans produced individual mean CNR values above threshold. Eleven of 12 scans were determined to be of sufficient quality for diagnosis and planning of surgical intervention.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CTA utilising an ultra-low contrast dose of 20 mLs (6 g iodine) yields scans of diagnostic quality for therapeutic decision-making in vascular surgical intervention.

Photo-Mediated RAFT Step-Growth Polymerization With Diacrylate Monomers: Investigating Versatility and Oxygen Tolerance.

Photomediated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) step-growth polymerization is performed using a trithiocarbonate-based chain transfer agent(CTA) and acrylate-based monomers both with and without a photocatalyst. The versatility of photo-mediated RAFT step-growth is demonstrated by one-pot synthesis of a graft copolymer via sequential monomer addition. Furthermore, oxygen-tolerant photo-mediated RAFT step-growth is demonstrated, facilitated by the appropriate selection of photocatalyst and solvent pair (zinc tetraphenyl porphyrin [ZnTPP]and dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO]), enabling ultralow volume polymerization under open-air conditions.

Nitrogen-Rich Covalent Organic Frameworks Composited High-Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes with Ultralow Volume Expansion and Reduced Phosphoric Acid Leakage.

Phosphoric acid (PA) leakage and volume expansion are critical factors limiting long-term stable operation of PA-doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Enhancing the interaction between the polymer matrix and PA provides an effective way to minimize PA loss and inhibit excessive membrane swelling. The covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are helpful in improving the performance of PA-PBI membranes due to the robust frameworks, adjustable structures, and good compatibility with polymers. Here, in this work, we synthesized porous COFs named TTA-DFP containing triazine rings and pyridine groups at room temperature for as short as 2 h without oxygen isolation. TTA-DFP was then blended with commercial poly[2,2'-(p-oxidiphenylene)-5,5'-benzimidazole] (OPBI) to prepare composite membranes. The abundant alkaline N sites in TTA-DFP exhibit strong interactions with PA and OPBI, which not only provide more proton transport pathways to promote proton conduction but also immobilize PA in acidophilic micropores to reduce PA leakage. The composite membranes exhibit a much lower volume swelling ratio than that of the OPBI membrane. The PA retention of the composite membrane after 120 h of treatment at 80 °C and 40% relative humidity can reach as high as 84.6%. Particularly, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane doped with 15 wt% TTA-DFP achieves 0.112 S cm-1 at 180 °C without humidification with a swelling ratio of 24.1%. In addition, it has an optimal peak power density of 824.4 mW cm-2 at 180 °C, which is 1.7 times that of the OPBI membrane. The stability of the composite membrane is much better than that of OPBI at a current density of 0.3 A cm-2 at 140 °C for 120 h.

Comparative insight into crystal evolutions of monodisperse MNb2O6 (M = Ni, Cu, Zn) spheres during electrochemical cycling in Li/Al-ion batteries

Comparative insight into crystal evolutions of monodisperse MNb2O6 (M = Ni, Cu, Zn) spheres during electrochemical cycling in Li/Al-ion batteries

Optimizing Energy Storage Performance in Polymer Dielectrics through Dual Strategies: Constructing “Peaked” Barrieras and Enhancing Carrier Scattering

AbstractDielectric capacitors play a pivotal role in the advancement of electric power systems and emerging energy technologies. However, the deterioration of dielectric performance in energy storage materials at elevated temperatures represents a significant challenge. In this study, organic electron‐scattering agents into polyetherimide (PEI) are introduced, creating a “peaked barrier” to impede charge carrier transport. By doping PEI with an ultralow volume fraction (0.8%) of the organic molecule filler 4‐(dimethylamino)phenylboronic acid (4‐NB), the electron‐repelling nature of 4‐NB is leveraged in order to regulate charge carrier injection and transport in a synergistic manner. Consequently, the discharged energy density of the PEI composite material increases to 7.93 J cm−3 (720 kV mm−1) at 30 °C. At 150 °C, the discharged energy density increases to 5.21 J cm−3 (580 kV mm−1). In both cases, the charge and discharge efficiencies are maintained at 90%. It is noteworthy that the prepared PEI composite material also exhibits excellent charge dissipation characteristics, maintaining stable charge and discharge efficiency even after 50 000 charge–discharge cycles. In summary, the study's design concept systematically optimizes the processes of charge carrier injection, transport, and dissipation. This approach offers a novel perspective for the development of dielectrics that are suitable for long‐term energy storage.

Ground-Based Pyrethroid Adulticides Reduce Mosquitoes But Not Nontarget Insects in Central Florida.

As stewards of public and environmental health, mosquito control agencies are rightfully concerned about impacts on nontarget organisms. This study examined the impact of a modern, pyrethroid based ground adulticide program using ultra-low volume applications in a metropolitan county in central Florida. Nontarget insects and mosquitoes were collected in a before-after control-impact design at 21 sites over 1.5 years. While mosquitoes were reduced, we found no evidence for reduction of nontarget insects, regardless of taxon. Night-flying Lepidoptera may experience greater risk than other nontarget taxa, but overall effects of adulticide missions on this group were low and inconsistent. Instead, meteorology, habitat, and phenology dominate patterns of nontarget abundance. Mosquito reduction was more clearly observed and corrected post-mission reduction was consistent with results expected in complex urban and suburban treatment zones.

High-temperature high-performance capacitive energy storage in polymer nanocomposites enabled by nanostructured MgO fillers

High-temperature high-performance capacitive energy storage in polymer nanocomposites enabled by nanostructured MgO fillers

3D-printed ultra-small Brownian viscometers

Measuring viscosity in volumes smaller than a microliter is a challenging endeavor. A new type of microscopic viscometers is presented to assess the viscosity of Newtonian liquids. Micron-sized flexible polymer cantilevers are created by two-photon polymerization direct laser writing. Because of the low stiffness and high elasticity of the polymer material the microcantilevers exhibit pronounced Brownian motion when submerged in a liquid medium. By imaging the cantilever’s spherically shaped end, these fluctuations can be tracked with high accuracy. The hydrodynamic resistance of the microviscometer is determined by fitting the power spectral density of the measured fluctuations with a theoretical frequency dependence. Validation measurements in water-glycerol mixtures with known viscosities reveal excellent linearity of the hydrodynamic resistance to viscosity, allowing for a simple linear calibration. The stand-alone viscometer structures have a characteristic size of a few tens of microns and only require a very basic external instrumentation in the form of microscopic imaging at moderate framerates (~ 100 fps). Thus, our results point to a practical and simple to use ultra-low volume viscometer that can be integrated into lab-on-a-chip devices.

Spatial and temporal analysis on the impact of ultra-low volume indoor insecticide spraying on Aedes aegypti household density

BackgroundAedes aegypti is the primary mosquito vector for several arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses, which cause frequent outbreaks of human disease in tropical and subtropical regions. Control of these outbreaks relies on vector control, commonly in the form of insecticide sprays that target adult female mosquitoes. However, the spatial coverage and frequency of sprays needed to optimize effectiveness are unclear. In this study, we characterize the effect of ultra-low-volume (ULV) indoor spraying of pyrethroid insecticides on Ae. aegypti abundance within households. We also evaluate the effects of spray events during recent time periods or in neighboring households. Improved understanding of the duration and distance of the impact of a spray intervention on Ae. aegypti populations can inform vector control interventions, in addition to modeling efforts that contrast vector control strategies.MethodsThis project analyzes data from two large-scale experiments that involved six cycles of indoor pyrethroid spray applications in 2 years in the Amazonian city of Iquitos, Peru. We developed spatial multi-level models to disentangle the reduction in Ae. aegypti abundance that resulted from (i) recent ULV treatment within households and (ii) ULV treatment of adjacent or nearby households. We compared fits of models across a range of candidate weighting schemes for the spray effect, based on different temporal and spatial decay functions to understand lagged ULV effects.ResultsOur results suggested that the reduction of Ae. aegypti in a household was mainly due to spray events occurring within the same household, with no additional effect of sprays that occurred in neighboring households. Effectiveness of a spray intervention should be measured based on time since the most recent spray event, as we found no cumulative effect of sequential sprays. Based on our model, we estimated the spray effect is reduced by 50% approximately 28 days after the spray event.ConclusionsThe reduction of Ae. aegypti in a household was mainly determined by the number of days since the last spray intervention in that same household, highlighting the importance of spray coverage in high-risk areas with a spray frequency determined by local viral transmission dynamics.Graphical abstract

A Wettability Contrast SERS Droplet Assay for Multiplexed Analyte Detection.

Droplet assay platforms have emerged as a significant methodology, providing distinct advantages such as sample compartmentalization, high throughput, and minimal analyte consumption. However, inherent complexities, especially in multiplexed detection, remain a challenge. We demonstrate a novel strategy to fabricate a plasmonic droplet assay platform (PDAP) for multiplexed analyte detection, enabling surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). PDAP efficiently splits a microliter droplet into submicroliter to nanoliter droplets under gravity-driven flow by wettability contrast between two distinct regions. The desired hydrophobicity and adhesive contrast between the silicone oil-grafted nonadhesive hydrophilic zone with gold nanoparticles is attained through (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) functionalization of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using a scotch-tape mask. The wettability contrast surface facilitates the splitting of aqueous droplets with various surface tensions (ranging from 39.08 to 72 mN/m) into ultralow volumes of nanoliters. The developed PDAP was used for the multiplexed detection of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes. The limit of detection for 120 nL droplet using PDAP was found to be 134 pM and 10.1 nM for Rh6G and CV, respectively. These results align with those from previously reported platforms, highlighting the comparable sensitivity of the developed PDAP. We have also demonstrated the competence of PDAP by testing adulterant spiked milk and obtained very good sensitivity. Thus, PDAP has the potential to be used for the multiplexed screening of food adulterants.