Ultrafine Needle Research Articles

Design and Evaluation of a Puncture Control Method for the Deflection of Ultrafine Needles due to Interfacial Passage-Proposal of Puncture Control Strategy for Increasing.

With the demand for sophisticated techniques to easily prevent the deflection of needles, robotic CT (computed tomography)-guided puncture with an ultrafine needle is being investigated. Quantification of deflection is essential for accurate puncture with ultrafine needles. Research on the quantification of deflection caused by tissue reaction forces to which the beveled surface of the needle tip is in progress, and this method has been applied for deflection reduction and needle steering within the tissue. However, when the needle tip passes through a tissue boundary, the needle deflects regardless of the direction of the beveled surface. Although several methods have been proposed to reduce the deflection caused by the boundary surface, no curve puncture method has been constructed using the deflection. This work aimed to construct a refraction model that can back-calculate the curved path from the body surface to the target. Assumptions of the refraction model were made based on the results of ex vivo examination, and the model was validated through in vivo examination. A refraction model in which the refraction angle is linearly proportional to the needle penetration angle relative to the boundary was hypothesized. Validation test revealed that the correlation coefficient exceeded 0.9, which was similar to that of the model and suggested the biological adaptability of the proposed model. A curve puncture method using this refraction model will be developed in the future.

Needle Microcores: Can They Pose an Occlusive Threat with Nonparticulate Injections?

The incidence of vascular occlusion injuries has risen substantially along with the increasing popularity of cosmetic injectables. Among these occurrences, instances of soft-tissue ischemic events following the injection of nonparticulate solutions, such as botulinum, represent an enigmatic etiology that has yet to be fully understood. One hypothesized mechanism of injury underlying these events relates to the accidental capture and intravascular ejection of needle microcores, defined as submillimeter tissue fragments trapped by the beveled lumen of a needle during conventional injections. To test this hypothesis, the authors conducted a cytologic evaluation of dermal remnants incidentally captured by 31-G tuberculin needles following repeated injections into postrhytidectomy skin fragments. Their findings revealed the presence of dermal tissue microcores ranging from 100 to 275 μm in diameter with an overall microcoring incidence of 0.7%. These findings confirm the ability of ultrafine needles, commonly used in botulinum injections, to produce tissue microcores that may serve as causative agents of vascular occlusion with nonparticulate solutions. Awareness of this mechanism of injury may be of benefit in the early recognition and management of these rare occurrences. Therapeutic, V.

Development of Needle Guide Unit Considering Buckling Bone-Perforation Control Strategy Based on Computed Tomography-Guided Needle Insertion Robot.

A computed tomography (CT)-guided robotic assistance system is useful for needle insertion into metastatic carcinoma of vertebrae, which has limited pathways. However, the use of conventional needles in this procedure can result in bone fracture in the perforation area caused by the reaction force of the inserted needle. In this study, we developed a multistage retractable needle guide unit that avoids the buckling and crushing of the needle tip that commonly occur in 25-gauge ultrafine needles. First, we clarified a relationship between the shape of the guide and the termination factor when a buckling load is applied to the needle. Next, we revealed the point at which the plastic deformation of the needle occurred when the bone is drilled. Based on these results, we developed a guide unit with the reaction force set to an appropriate value. Finally, an evaluation test of bone needle insertion was conducted on porcine vertebrae with using the developed needle guide unit equipped with a 25-gauge needle. The needle penetrated the vertebra without buckling or crushing of the needle tip, which demonstrates the value of this multistage retractable needle guide unit when ultrafine needles are required. Clinical Relevance- Cancer tumors often metastasize to bones. There is a treatment called percutaneous vertebroplasty which restores the patient's quality of life by injecting poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) into a bone. It helps to reinforce the bone that has become brittle due to cancer metastasis to the vertebral body or osteoporosis. This treatment often involves puncture of the vertebrae but the limited puncture pathway makes it difficult to perform the treatment manually. Therefore it is necessary to construct a system that supports accurate puncture by a robot such as the proposed method.

Highly conductive, hierarchical porous ultra-fine carbon fibers derived from polyacrylonitrile/polymethylmethacrylate/needle coke as binder-free electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors

Here, the treated ultra-fine needle coke particles (UNCs) are introduced in hierarchical porous ultra-fine carbon fibers by electrospinning and thermally treatment process of two immiscible polymers and UNCs precursor. The structure, morphology and electrochemical performance of the ultra-fine carbon fibers derived from polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/UNCs are explored in detail. As a result, when the mass ratio of PAN to PMMA reaches 6: 4, the ultra-fine carbon fibers derived from PAN/PMMA/UNCs display a high surface area of 919.3 m 2 g −1 , a suitable mesoporous structure of meso/micro = 1.59. and exhibit a remarkable specific capacity (387.2 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 ) and excellent power performance. Furthermore, a comprehensive electrochemical performance of symmetrical supercapacitors was obtained: prominent energy density (27.87 Wh·kg −1 at 489 W kg −1 ) and ideal cyclic stability (97.5% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 1 A g −1 ). In addition, hierarchical porous ultra-fine carbon fibers derived from blend polymer and needle coke with high degree of graphitization, which provide a potential optional application for served as binder-free electrodes for electrochemical energy storage devices. • UNCs with high compatibility in electrospinning precursor were prepared. • The Free-standing carbon fiber electrodes show excellent performance. • The as-assembled supercapacitor exhibits high energy density and remarkable cycle life.

The Journey of Insulin Over 100 Years

The year 2021 marks 100 years of insulin discovery. In 1921, Banting and Best identified the pancreas as a key organ mainly responsible for carbohydrate metabolism and pathogenesis of diabetes. This work led to the purification of extract from the pancreas, which was later identified to be insulin. Since its discovery, there has been a lot of work to refine the properties of insulin and improve patient outcomes. Presently, short-acting, rapid-acting, intermediate-acting, long-acting, ultra-long-acting co-formulations, biosimilar, concentrated insulins are available and have revolutionized diabetes management and patient care. These new preparations have onset of action in a few minutes and some have their action lasting around 48 h. Also, there are a lot of advances in insulin delivery devices with the availability of ultra-fine needles and prefilled, reusable pens to hybrid closed-loop systems in which insulin is delivered as per continuous glucose monitoring recordings. Our article enfolds the milestones in insulin discovery and its evolution from the crude extract to highly designed once-weekly insulin.

Проспективне обсерваційне дослідження застосування ультратонкої голки для амніоцентезу: первинні результати

The article presents the experience and initial results of use of the puncture needle of small diameter with karandashami type of sharpening for amniocentesis in the ІІ trimester of pregnancy. The objective: to determine the effectiveness and safety of use ultrafine needle diameter 29G for amniocentesis in the ІІ trimester of pregnancy. Patients and methods. There was performed a prospective observational study of 80 cases of singleton 3 cases of multiple pregnancies in which amniocentesis was performed in the period from August 2013 to August 2016 at the bases of the Department of obstetrics, gynecology and fetal medicine NMAPE named after P. L. Shupyk medical center «Uniclinic». The study group included women aged from 21 to 42 years in the term of pregnancy from 16 to 20 weeks. Exclusion criteria were: the presence of vaginal bleeding less than two days before the procedure, body mass index above 35, receiving the preparations containing heparin, or aspirin for 12 hours before the procedure. All patients received informed consent for the procedure. In addition, each patient before amniocentesis filled a specially designed questionnaire, in which using a numeric rating (1 to 10) was ability to check criteria of general perception of the procedure, in particular the level of excitement about the potential complications and confidence in the correctness of the choice. Group comparison of the perception of the procedure were 100 patients who completed identical questionnaires before the procedure of the amniocentesis needle with a diameter of 20G, which are conducted at clinical sites in the period 2011-2013. Results. All volumes of amniotic fluid contained a sufficient number of fetal cells to determine the karyotype. In 8 fetus were found pathological changes in the number of chromosomes. Women tolerated the procedure well. No cases of complaints are recorded. Patients noted that the information on noninvasive ultra-thin needle, which was provided during pre-consultation also significantly reduce anxiety before surgery. In one case, diagnosed bradycardia of the fetus, which lasted a few minutes and then spontaneously passed. Within 7 days not recorded any complications. Conclusion. Given technique is adequate and safe alternative to amniocentesis with the use of large diameter needles and allows not only to reduce trauma to the amniotic membranes but also to decrease the level of excitement in women before the procedure and to facilitate the adoption of decisions about invasive prenatal diagnostics. Key words: amniocentesis, atraumatic punction needle, safety of invasive prenatal diagnostic.

A Novel Ultrafine Needle (UN) for Innocuous and Efficient Subcutaneous Insulin Delivery

Subcutaneous (SC) insulin injection has been demonstrated to be the most effective method for treatment of diabetes mellitus but is conventionally performed by hypodermic needles, leading to poor management of diabetes because of the pain, needle phobia, and tissue trauma. Identification of a viable, safe, and pain‐free alternative method has been a longstanding challenge in modern health care. Here, the thermoplastic droplet stretching technique is developed to create an ultrahigh‐aspect‐ratio needle mold with simple microstructure control. The optimized ultrafine needle (UN) with 4 mm length, minimized 120 µm outer diameter, and 15° sharp bevel angle is formed via electroplating of a metallic layer on the surface of a needle mold with forcing sharp tip. This novel UN enables minimally invasive 4 mm skin insertion to deliver insulin in the targeted SC layer. The similar relative areas under the curves of insulin concentration within UN and 31G needle in vivo insulin administration indicate that UN can ensure stable insulin absorption for secure blood glucose management. Additionally, the proposed fabrication method may facilitate industrialization and commercialization of the UN, holding great promise for replacement of hypodermic needles and for improvement of quality of life among patients with diabetes.

Effects on the Insertion Path of an Ultrafine Needle by Compression from an Ultrasonic Probe

Effects on the Insertion Path of an Ultrafine Needle by Compression from an Ultrasonic Probe

1P1-C09 超音波プローブの押しつけによる極細針の穿刺パスへの影響

The purpose of this study is to analyze effects on the insertion path of ultra-fine needle by pressing the ultrasonic probe. We developed a hypothesis that the insertion path is affected by the stress field and the insertion angle which occur with deformation of the issue. Then, to examine the degree of effect of each factor, we compared the deflection of the needle caused by the both of stress field and insertion angle with that caused by only insertion angle. As a result, it was revealed that insertion angle is a major cause of the change of the insertion path. Furthermore, it was shown that it is possible to reduce the change of insertion path by the guide to eliminate the insertion angle with deformation of the issue.

420 液体マンドレル引きによる極細注射針用極細管の製造

420 液体マンドレル引きによる極細注射針用極細管の製造

Microstructural control of maraging steel C300

The microstructure evolution and precipitation kinetics of maraging steel C300 have been studied in the aging temperature range from 400 to 600°C. The relation between mechanical properties and precipitation hardening response is explained, and modelling is used to optimise the properties. Ultrafine needle shaped Ni3Ti phase is the main strengthening precipitate in maraging C300, and it shows very high resistance to coarsening. A spherically shaped Fe2Mo phase is formed at higher temperatures and in the overaged condition. Inter- and intralath reverted austenite nucleates at higher temperature (∼600°C). Rolling and aging treatment can produce the highest hardness by a combination of work hardening and precipitation strengthening. Microstructural evolution simulation using Monte Carlo modelling has been applied to this alloy, and the modelling has been validated by the experimental results.

Effect of high frequency electrocoagulation by ultrafine-needle on the cutaneous capillary hemangiomas: a preliminary study on cock combs

To investigate the injury effect of high frequency electrocoagulation (HFE) by ultrafine-needle on the cutaneous capillary hemangiomas by histopathologic study of cock comb. 32 male cocks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 animals in each group. 3 experimental groups received HFE with different power (6W, 8W, 10W) on the cock comb. Specimens were taken from cock combs for histologic study immediately after treatment and 7, 14, 21, 28 days later. After treatment, the cock combs turned pale and followed with scar formation. The shape of combs changed a lot after high power treatment. Immediately after treatment, the capillary number in the experimental groups decreased markedly under light microscope, compared with that in control group (P < 0.05). After that, the capillary number in experimental group increased. 7 days after treatment, the capillary number in experimental groups was still significantly lower than that in control groups (P < 0.01), but not markedly different between the three experiment groups (P > 0.05). Collagen formation also increased after treatment (P < 0.05), which was higher in experimental groups with high power (P < 0.05, correlation coefficient r > 0.5). HFE with ultrafine needle can effectively decrease the capillary number in cock comb. The 6W treatment is mini-invasive and will not destroy the comb shape with good cosmetic results. The technique may be used for the treatment of cutaneous capillary hemangioma.

Electrolysis Treatment of Trichiasis by Using Ultra-Fine Needle

To determine the safety and efficacy of electrolysis treatment of trichiasis by using ultrafine needle. The medical records of 24 lids of 24 patients who underwent electrolysis treatment for trichiasis by the same surgeon (Y.S.) during the period from May 2006 through December 2008 were reviewed. The average age of the 24 patients was 59.2 years (range, 43 to 76 years). Thirteen of the patients were women. The results were considered satisfactory if no recurrence of trichiasis occurred for at least 6 months after the last electrolysis procedure. Sixteen of the 24 patients (66.6%) had a satisfactory result with 1 treatment. Of the 8 patients (33.3%) who had an unsatisfactory result, while 5 (20.8%) responded well to 1 additional electrolysis, 3 (12.5%) responded well to 2 additional electrolyses to the recurrent cilia. The procedure was well tolerated by the patients. All eyelids healed within 2 weeks after treatment without any scarring. Faint hypopigmentation was visible in 2 patients (8.3%). Mild notching of eyelid occurred in 4 patients (16.6%). Electrolysis treatment by using ultrafine (55-microm thickness) needle is an effective and safe method for treatment of trichiasis with many advantages over other recognized modalities of therapy.

A SCID Mouse Model for Monitoring in Vivo Viability of Human Platelet Concentrates Using Flow Cytometry

Objective To develop an animal test method for evaluating the in vivo quality of human platelet concentrates.Methods Human platelets were transfused to mice by tail vein with a 1mL insulin syring fitted with a 29-gauge ultra-fine needle. Blood samples were taken at 30 minutes,2,4,6,8,12, and 24hours after infusion with a tail vein nick technique, whole blood was collected into heparinized capillary tubes. Human platelets in mouse whole blood were detected by flow cytometry with monoclonal anti-human CD61-PE–conjugated antibodies. All subsequent recoveries were calculated as a percentage of the initial collection.Results The survival time of human platelets were significantly prolonged in SCID than in BALB/c,FVB mice. Recoveries at 4 hours after transfusion in SCID, BALB/c,FVB mice were 68.6%±8.1%(n =10),29.9%±6.5%(n =8),28.1%±5.5%(n =8), respectively, and with a T½ estimate of 8 hours for SCID, 2.5 hours for BALB/c and 2 hours for FVB mice. platelet storage lesions either by chemical treatment or by suboptimal conditions storage exhibited decreased recoveries in SCID mice.Conclusion The quality of platelet Products can be evaluated by assessing the survival of human platelets in SCID mice using flow cytometry.

The clinical value of the ultrafine needle CO 2 splenoportography

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous ultra-fine needle CO_2 splenoportography (CO_2-SP).Methods CO_2-SP and 3D-CE-MRA were performed in 36 patients.The imaging quality of the methods was compared by a scoring criterion setup based on the visualization of the trunk,intrahepatic branches of the portal vein and collateral vessels.Results Transient mild abdominal discomfort was presented in 19 patients(52.8% )receiving CO_2-SP.One patient developed snbcapsular splenic hematoma and was discharged with clinical stability several days later after conservative treatment. The imaging quality of the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein with CO_2-SP was much more superior to 3D-CE-MRA (the score was 232 and 198 respectively,t=4.52,P0.01 ). The visualization of the collateral vessels of the portal vein between the two techniques was not statistically significant (the score was 14 and 16 respectively,t = 0.62,P0.05 ).Conclusion Ultrafine needle CO_2-SP is a minimally invasive and safe procedure,able to provide dynamic and clearer imaging of the intrahepatic branches of the portal vein.

Inhaled Insulin for Diabetes Mellitus

A 52-year-old man with an 8-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus visits his primary care provider for advice. His glucometer readings at home have been high despite treatment with a sulfonylurea, a thiazolidinedione, and metformin at maximal doses. He has never smoked. His glycated hemoglobin value is 8.6% and his fasting blood glucose concentration ranges between 170 and 220 mg per deciliter (9.4 and 12.2 mmol per liter). His blood pressure, weight, and lipid profile are within recommended target ranges. The patient and his physician discuss therapeutic options and agree that insulin treatment should be initiated. The physician wonders whether the patient might benefit from inhaled insulin and refers him to an endocrinologist for evaluation. T h e C l i nic a l Probl e m Diabetes mellitus, a major cause of illness and death across the globe, is responsible for a growing proportion of national health care expenditures. Insulin treatment is necessary for a substantial minority of patients with diabetes; more than 5 million Americans take insulin injections every day. 1-4 A wide range of subcutaneous insulins are available, many administered with penlike delivery devices and ultrafine needles that enhance the comfort and convenience of insulin treatment. 5 However, surveys indicate substantial resistance to insulin therapy on the part of both patients with type 2 diabetes who are not taking insulin and clinicians who care for such patients; the reasons for this resistance include anticipated pain, inconvenience, fear of hypoglycemia, and concern about weight gain. 6-8 True insulin and needle phobias are uncommon, although many patients appear to avoid insulin injections and blood glucose testing because of anxiety. 6,9-11 The youngest and oldest patients are least likely to accept injectable therapy and thus pose the greatest challenge for physicians who want to initiate insulin treatment. 12 Although resistance can be mitigated through education, efforts to develop oral, nasal, and inhaled formulations of insulin have been driven by the preference of patients to avoid subcutaneous injections. 13

Ultrafine needle CO 2 splenoportography: A comparative investigation with transarterial portography and MR portography

Purpose To evaluate the safety and quality of CO 2 splenoportography (CO 2-SP) by comparison to 3-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance portography (3D-DCE-MRP) and transarterial portography (TAP). Materials and methods CO 2-SP, 3D-DCE-MRP and TAP were performed within 3 days in 35 patients. CO 2-SP was conducted with a 26 G needle by puncture of spleen under fluoroscopy and/or ultrasound guidance. A fifty mm 3 of CO 2 was manually injected within 3 s. The safety and the side effects of CO 2-SP were assessed with a scoring system based on both the subjective feeling of patients questioned and the objective appearances of vital signs, electrocardiogram (ECG) and saturation of percutaneous blood oxygen (SpO 2). The quality of the imaging was compared among the three groups using different methods by a scoring criterion based on visualization of the portal branches. Results Transient mild discomfortable reaction was present in 18 patients (51.4%). The scores measured for quality of portal vein branch visualization in the groups with CO 2-SP, 3D-DCE-MRP and TAP were 226, 196 and 167, respectively ( P < 0.001, the higher of the scores, the better of the quality). The visibility of collateral veins was not significantly different amongst the three imaging techniques. Conclusion Ultrafine needle CO 2-SP is safe and minimally invasive. The quality of CO 2-SP is better than that with 3D-DCE-MRP and TAP in terms of the visualizing portal vein branches.

The Feasibility and Safety of EUS Guided Ultra Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-UFNA) of Gallbladder Contents for the Identification of Bile Crystals: Results in a Porcine Model

The Feasibility and Safety of EUS Guided Ultra Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-UFNA) of Gallbladder Contents for the Identification of Bile Crystals: Results in a Porcine Model

Integration of Hypnosis with Acupuncture: Possible Benefits and Case Examples

Acupuncture treatment uses ultrafine needles which are inserted into specified points on the skin (acupoints). Acupuncture can help alleviate pain and inflammation, possibly through the increased release of pituitary beta-endorphins and ACTH. Hypnosis can also help alleviate pain syndromes, and may have centrally mediated immunomodulatory effects. The use of these 2 treatments simultaneously may potentially assist and augment the effects of each another. Two case reports where both treatments are used together are presented: One showing how hypnosis can help in the treatment of painful acupoints, the other how the response to acupuncture may be augmented by hypnosis in the treatment of headache. Controlled trials of this combined treatment are warranted.

CO2 splenoportography: preliminary results.

Previously, splenoportography with 18-gauge needles provided excellent portal imaging. However, because of concern about bleeding, this technique was replaced with arterial portography and noninvasive techniques, which are not always accurate. We present a modification of splenoportography using CO2 and an ultrafine needle in eight patients whose previous imaging studies were inconclusive. CO2 splenoportography is safe and expedient and provides adequate visualization of the portal system for surgical planning in selected patients.