Ultra-supercritical Steam Parameters Research Articles

New heat-resistant chromium steels for a promising objects of power engineering

Data are presented on new-grade 12Kh10M1V1FBR and 10Kh9V2MFBR heat-resistant chromium steels for turbine rotors, boiler tube systems, and pipelines of ultrasupercritical steam parameters. The operating properties of new steels are assessed in comparison with those of 12Kh1MF, 15Kh1M1F, and 10Kh9MFB steels.

The economic aspect of transition to power units with supercritical steam parameters

Information on the development and use of power units for supercritical and ultrasupercritical steam parameters in the United States, as well as in Europe and Japan, is presented. It is shown that increasing the parameters of steam reduces not only the fuel consumption, but also the specific emissions of toxic and greenhouse gases. Results of a calculation carried out at the EPRI (the United States) are presented, which show that it is advisable to construct power units for supercritical parameters only at certain (sufficiently high) price of the fuel being fired.

The European Efforts in Material Development for 650.DEG.C. USC Power Plants. COST522.

Advanced Steam Power Plant is one of three working groups within the frame of European COST 522 with the aim of developing and evaluating ferritic steels for steam conditions up to 650°C. Today's state-of-the-art large fossil-fired steam turbines comprise live steam conditions of up to 610°C/ 300 bar and re-heat temperatures of up to 630°C. These ultra super critical steam parameters significantly increase plant efficiency and reduce fuel consumption and emissions of CO 2 . Ferritic materials should be used for thick-walled components to maintain high operational flexibility of such large plants. Rotors, casings, bolts, tubes/pipes and waterwalls are the critical components under current investigation. The class of the 9-12 % Cr steels offers the highest potential to meet the required property level for critical components. Therefore a significant effort to increase the application temperature of these steels was the focus of study within the European COST 501 programme and has led to improved materials for 600°C application of forged and cast components and for pipework. These 600°C materials are already being successfully utilised in a number of advanced European power plants. Further potential for improvement in creep strength seems possible after taking into account the oxidation resistance for T> 600°C. A large number of new ferritic-martensitic compositions, which have been designed on the basis of the positive outcomes attained in previous studies as well as on the results obtained with advanced thermodynamic calculation tools are under investigation in the new COST 522 programme. Full-size cast and forged components have been manufactured from the most promising compositions and now are being evaluated by intensive mechanical testing.