Ukrainian Version Research Articles

Adaptation of the short form of narcissistic personality inventory (npi-16) into the Ukrainian language: Psychometric indicators analysis

According to semantic analysis of speech constructions as markers of narcissism in different cultures, the work aims to test and validate the short form of Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI16) among a Ukrainian sample. The short unidimensional measure of the narcissism NPI-16 (NPI16; Ames, Rose, & Anderson, 2006) reflects four theoretical constructs, based on Emmons (1987) and Ruskin & Terry (1988) theories of narcissism: exploitativeness/entitlement, self-absorption/selfadmiration, authority, and self-sufficiency. The study also used the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire Short Scale (NARQ-S; Back et al., 2013), the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS; Hendin & Cheek, 1997), and Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE; Rosenberg, 1965). The study involved 992 people aged 17 to 60 years (M = 24.97), 26.3% men and 71.5% women (2.2% of respondents did not indicate their gender). The Ukrainian version of the questionnaire was reduced to fourteen statements (NPI-14), because statements №5 and №16 do not contribute to the overall indicator of narcissism in the Ukrainian sample. The б-Cronbach index for NPI-14 is 0.69. The retest reliability shows a high level of reliability of the Ukrainian version. The correlations between NPI-14 scales and the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire scales and the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale testify constructive validity of the Ukrainian NPI-14. The NPI-14 has good internal, discriminant, and predictive validity and can serve as a short measure of narcissism in Ukrainian

Sense of fairness and social attitude among adolescents-validation of Ukrainian version of Fair Play questionnaire

The aim of this study is to assess the development of fair play soft skills by means of validated tools in the native language for the target group of adolescents. Fair Play in Physical Education Questionnaire (FPQ-PE) was completed by 450 secondary school students from the 9–14 age group, 490 secondary school students aged 9–13 years and 725 students aged 18–21 years. Linguistic validation was provided. Psychometric properties were assessed by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The final version of the translation was the result of review process according to consultation with translators, redactor of scientific literature, and results of pilot testing. The general internal consistency was 0.861, indicating the good consistency of the instrument. In terms of test-retest validity of FPQ-PE, scores at first and second-time points have no significant differences. The CFA indicated a good model fit (χ2/df = 2.15, RMSEA = 0.074, SRMR = 0.058, CFI = 0.949). The results showed good test-retest reliability (Spearman’s rho = 0.80, p < 0.01). In the age group 9–14 years old males had higher level of antisocial skills, but also a higher index according to “Convention” scale. For another group (18–21 years old) females had better prosocial skills according to results of “Respect towards teammates,” “Gamesmanship,” and “Cheating” scales. Our data confirm the validity and reliability of FPQ-PE for the young Ukrainian population. Strong correlation between subscales “Gamesmanship” and “Cheating” (r = 0.85), it could be recommended to analyze antisocial behavior for Ukrainian adolescents.

APPROVAL OF THE USE OF THE SHORT FORM 19 OF THE CHILD’S ORAL HEALTH IMPACT PROFILE (COHIP-SF 19) FOR DENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH NEEDS

The aim: Is an adaptation, determination of psychometric properties, and approbation of the use of COHIP-SF 19 for the needs of dental public health in the Ukrainian sample of children and teenagers. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional validation study was conducted on a sample of 236 Ukrainian children aged 6 to 18. The psychometric indicators of the questionnaire were evaluated; analysis of the reliability and internal structure of the methodology based on correlation and factor analysis, calculation of Chronbach's alpha; reliability of re-testing (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient); assessment of convergent and discriminant validity (Mann-Whitney U test, ROC analysis, and correlation analysis). STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., № AGAR909E415822FA) was used to analyze the results. The ethics of the study was confirmed by the conclusion of the relevant commission. Results: After cultural direct and reverse translation of the original version, the Ukrainian version of COHIP-SF 19 UK was obtained. The internal consistency of the subscales and COHIP-SF 19 UK was generally sufficient (Cronbach's alpha is greater than 0.7). Sufficient reliability of retesting, convergent and discriminant validity of the methodology was proved. The presence of a correlation between COHIP-SF 19 UK indicators and self-assessment of children's health and quality of life was determined. Conclusions: The study proved that COHIP-SF 19 UK is a reliable valid method for assessing the quality of life-related to oral health among Ukrainian children and adolescents, and its good psychometric properties are sufficient for research in the field of dental public health.

ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ МАЙБУТНЬОГО: РЕВАЛІДИЗАЦІЯ "ШКАЛИ ВРАХУВАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ НАСЛІДКІВ"

Present behavior is influenced by its imaginary future consequences. However, it is known that the immediate and long-term consequences of the same behavior may have different effects on a person's well-being. Hence, when analyzing one’s way of making decisions, it is important to take into account how far-reaching consequences of their behavior are considered. Among the variety of methods to measure future time perspective and its motivational impact on one’s decisions and behavior, special attention should be paid to the Consideration of Future Consequences Scale (CFC), which consists of two sub-scales – immediate future and distant future. The scale allows to assess how far-reaching consequences of one’s own actions are taken into consideration when making decisions and acting in the present moment. The first adaptation of the scale into Ukrainian language was conducted in 2017 (Senyk, Riznyk, Horbal), which resulted in good reliability and validity scores for both subscales. However, the question of the possibility of using the Ukrainian version of the CFC as a unidimensional scale remained open. The present article is dedicated to reviewing the validity and reliability of the Ukrainian CFC in its one- and two-factor solutions. The sample comprised of 1137 participants (M = 21.05), residents of almost all Ukrainian regions and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. The results have shown that the Ukrainian version of CFC has good validity and reliability in both two- and one-factor solutions, and therefore is recommended to be used for future research and in the field of individual practice.

World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0: psychometric properties and validation of the Ukrainian version in a sample of cadets of the armed forces

World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0: psychometric properties and validation of the Ukrainian version in a sample of cadets of the armed forces

Смислотворча функцiя архаïзмiв вiршiв Данила Братковського у перекладi Валерiя Шевчука

The semantic loading of archaisms in Ukrainian translations of Danylo Bratkowskyi’s poems by Valerii Shewchuk is analyzed in the article. They are separated from another layer of outdated vocabulary – historicisms in modern language. Their belonging to different groups is indicated in terms of structure and content. Taking into account the structure of archaisms, we distinguish stylistic, morphological, word-formation, phonetic and lexical groups. Semantically we should consider that there are complete and superficial archaisms, so they perform different functions in the translated text and in the original text. In the publication attention is paid to the level of adequacy and equivalence of translated baroque poetry. The prospects of translation of the ancient text with the use of archaisms are determined. Among the words-realities in the Ukrainian versions of Bratkowskyi’s poems we identify historicisms and a small group of archaisms consonant with them, which either have synonymous equivalents in modern Ukrainian or had them not so long ago, in the 20th century. Very often this type of vocabulary refers to public positions, professions, household items, etc. In this case the technique of archaizing the text is fully justified, as it conveys the spirit of antiquity and reproduces the linguistic richness of the ancient kingdom of Poland, which consisted of several nations and which is no longer on the world map. The most common group are archaisms of the classical type, which are divided into subgroups by the nature of creation. In Ukrainian translations of Bratkowskyi we find their phonetic, morphological, word-forming and semantic variations. Regardless of the type of creation, all these obsolete words are used for a single purpose – imitation of the Baroque epoch, from which we are separated by three centuries. Word-forming and lexical archaisms predominate among them. Most of them perform the superficial function of archaizing the text without significantly changing its content. To the individual translation style we assign so-called pseudo-realities and pseudo-archaisms, which, thanks to the preserved transcription of words from the original transfer of Polish words to the Ukrainian lexical ground, gain an old-fashioned flavour. The number of such authorial interpretations is very significant, so they must be allocated to a separate group. Descriptive translation in this case would be most appropriate and equivalent to the original texts. It can be concluded, on the basis of the conducted research, that archaisms are one of the most numerous groups of vocabulary in Ukrainian translations of Danylo Bratkowskyi’s Polish language poetry. Phonetic and lexical (semantic) archaic groups predominate among them and are significantly widespread due to the translator’s creation of his own words that correspond to the Polish original definitions through transcription. We can define this individuality as a tendency for polonization of speech that is often characteristic of dialectal vocabulary.

ВИСВІТЛЕННЯ «ГОЛОСОМ АМЕРИКИ» РОБОТИ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ДОСЛІДНОГО ІНСТИТУТУ У ГАРВАРДІ У 1998 РОЦІ. ОСНОВНЕ З МОГО РЕПОРТЕРСЬКОГО ВІДРЯДЖЕННЯ

Marking the 50th anniversary of the establishment of the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, next year, we publish the article of Adrian Karmazyn, a member of the Ukrainian Association of American Studies, a historian and journalist, expert in American media and strategic communications, who worked for the Voice of America for more than 25 years and served as the Chief of the VOA Ukrainian Service (2005 – 2015). This is the third in a series of articles illustrating the type of reporting Adrian Karmazyn was engaged in as a radio journalist with the Voice of America’s (VOA) Ukrainian Service in the 1990s. Previously, he have written about his 1993 reporting assignment in then-newly independent Ukraine [2] and his 1996 reporting assignment at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago [4]. A collection of VOA Ukrainian Service recordings is preserved at the Ukrainian Museum-Archives in Cleveland [5]. Adrian Karmazyn’s memoir about his career at VOA is included in a collection of articles, published in conjunction with the 70th anniversary of VOA’s Ukrainian Service [3]. The Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University (HURI) is one of the most powerful and oldest centers of Ukrainian studies in America. It serves as a focal point for graduate and undergraduate students, fellows, and associates pursuing research in Ukrainian language, literature, and history as well as in anthropology, archaeology, art history, economics, political science, sociology, theology, and other disciplines. Most of the interviews for this story about HURI were conducted in English and then translated into Ukrainian for broadcast to Ukraine. For this article, the Ukrainian versions of interviewee comments were translated back into English.

СТРАТЕГІЯ «РОЗУМНОЇ СИЛИ» ЯК КЛЮЧОВА ПЕРЕДУМОВА ПЕРЕМОГИ УКРАЇНИ В РОСІЙСЬКО-УКРАЇНСЬКІЙ НЕОІМПЕРСЬКІЙ ВІЙНІ

The article considers Ukrainian realities in the conditions of the war. The authors of the article develop the Ukrainian version of the «smart power» strategy as a key prerequisite for Ukraine‟s victory in the Russian-Ukrainian neo-imperial war. To solve this problem, an integrative approach was used, which involves considering the object of study in its connections and interdependencies with other processes and phenomena, as well as taking into account the interaction of various factors that determine the formation and development of conflictizational phenomena. Integrative capabilities of modern Ukrainian studies allow combining conceptual tools and research principles not only of Ukrainian studies and social philosophy, but also of history, political science, information science, sociology, psychology, socio-cultural anthropology, imperialology, communication studies, post-colonial studies and military science in the study of the strategy of a «smart power» in the conditions of modern challenges and threats. The authors of the article analyze the main components of the Ukrainian version of the «smart power» strategy in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian neo-imperial war, and also propose to combine not only «hard» and «soft power» within the framework of the «smart power» strategy, but also the intellectual potential of scientific and expert environment of Ukraine. The article examines competence in the field Ukrainian studies as an important component of the strategy of a «smart power», which in the Russian-Ukrainian neo-imperial war is most effective in defending Ukrainian national interests, and in the field of deoccupation of the Ukrainian society, and in the field of ensuring national security of Ukraine. The article analyzes the fundamental role of constructive interaction between education and science in utilizing the “smart power” strategy as the basis for deconflicting the society and reintegration of the people of the occupied Ukrainian territories. Competence in the field Ukrainian studies is seen as a effective way to overcome the negative consequences of the informational war.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО ПЕРЕКЛАДУ 469-Ї ВАКА З ЯПОНСЬКОЇ АНТОЛОГІЇ "КОКІНВАКАШЮ" (ЗА РЕЗУЛЬТАТАМИ НАУКОВОЇ КОНФЕРЕНЦІЇ "ПОЕЗІЯ ВАКА У СВІТІ ")

According to the results of the online academic conference "Waka poetry around the world: Viewing reception and transformation of Japanese culture through multilingual translation", an analysis of the Ukrainian translation of the 469th waka poem from the poetic anthology "Kokin Wakashū" (the Collection of Japanese Poetry Ancient and Modern) by I. P. Bondarenko was carried out. It is this translation that is the subject of the presented study. The goal, which was to reveal the peculiarities of the Ukrainian version of the mentioned poem, was achieved due to its comparison with Chinese, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Spanish translations. It was found that the Ukrainian translation of the waka poem No. 469 from the anthology "Kokin Wakashū" is characterized by common features that are typical for a number of translations into European languages. In particular, the syllabic structure of the original (a waka poem is composed of 5-7-5-7-7 syllables) has not been preserved in the Ukrainian translation, as well as in the other translations, and these translations themselves are written in five lines. Such common features also include lexical-semantic transformations caused by the difficulties of translating Japanese realia into European languages. For example, such nominations from the original work as "hototogisu" and "ayame" in many multilingual translation versions, including the studied Ukrainian one, are translated with the help of the words "cuckoo" and "iris", respectively, instead of their exact analogues – "lesser cuckoo" and "iris sanguinea". At the same time, there are foreign language versions with observance of the original syllabic verse and an accurate translation of the mentioned realia. Along with the common features, some features that make the translation of the 469th waka verse into Ukrainian unique were also revealed. Among those the translation of the original "satsuki" (the fifth month according to the old calendar and approximately June according to the modern one) as the season of the growth of herbs through the Ukrainian equivalent to "May" (the fifth month according to the modern calendar) literally meaning the "month of herbs", as well as the combination of the first and the second part of the poem through an emotional connection can be named.

УКРАЇНСЬКОМОВНА АДАПТАЦІЯ ШКАЛИ ДОБРОЯКІСНОЇ ТА ЗЛОЯКІСНОЇ ЗАЗДРОСТІ (BEMAS): АНАЛІЗ ПСИХОМЕТРИЧНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ

The aim of the work is to test and validate the Benign and Malicious Envy Scale (BeMaS) (Lange & Crusius, 2015) among a Ukrainian sample. The study involved 484 people aged 17 to 58 years (M = 24.5), 17.2% men and 82.8% women. The α-Cronbach index for BeMaS is 0.83 for the benign envy scale and 0.84 for the malignant envy scale, indicating a high level of homogeneity. As a result of exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory CFA analysis, two factors were identified in the BeMaS methodology: benign and malignant envy. The two-factor structure is consistent with conceptualizing envy not as a unidimensional construct, but as a two-dimensional construct that includes a benign and a malicious form of envy. Researchers suggest distinguishing malicious envy, which is characterized by hostility toward others of higher status, and benign envy, which motivates people to self-improvement instead of causing feelings of ill will (Crusius and Lange, 2014; Falcon, 2015). Both subscales were found to be reliable and internally consistent. The test reliability of BeMaS testifies to the high level of reliability of the Ukrainian version. The benign envy scale shows direct correlations with constructive coping (positive reformulation, personal growth, active coping, use of emotional social support), and personal resilience. Instead, the malicious envy scale has direct correlations with destructive coping strategies, including negative venting, denial, behavioral avoidance, and self-blame, as well as a direct correlation with depression and an inverse correlation with resilience. Both benign and malicious envy scales are directly related to narcissistic personality strategies: admiration and rivalry. BeMaS has a two-factor structure, good internal, discriminant, and predictive validity, and can serve as a measure of envy in Ukrainian.

Exploring Bohdan Lepky’s Translation Ethics Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count

The present empirical study aims to outline ethical landmarks of Bohdan Lepky, the renowned Ukrainian writer and translator, in his Ukrainian translation of Salomé by Oscar Wilde. We assess the ethics of translation data defined by Kalina (2015) in terms of accuracy, impartiality, and confidentiality. In order to address these ethical issues, the study envisaged the following steps. First, source and target texts were analyzed using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) computerized program based on its built-in French 2007 and Ukrainian 2015 dictionaries. Second, all 'style words' (Tausczik & Pennebaker, 2010) represented by functional words, e.g., conjunctions, prepositions, and pronouns that bear procedural meaning, were compared in both texts. Findings showed that the translator followed the ethical "tradition of sameness" (Wyke, 2011), being less "visible" (Venuti, 1995) in his target language version. Despite a greater number of impersonal pronouns causing slight implicitation, we observed no traces of simplification or explicitation deforming tendencies in Lepky's translated text. Similar indices of conjunctions and prepositions, and the average number of words per sentence in both texts, confirmed the accuracy of meaning and style. Although markers of oral speech (fillers) prevailed in translation, this strategy manifests his agency and attempt to be ethically "accountable" for his product in the sense of Schlesinger’s (1989) "equalizing." This shift moves along the oral-literate continuum towards more natural, i.e., rich in pragmatic discourse markers (Schiffrin, 1989) oral communication. The LIWC psychological category of "affect" filled with emotionally charged words was less dense in the Ukrainian version, contributing both to the translator's "ethics of difference" (Venuti, 1999) and his impartiality. Thus, results of the LIWC-processed data demonstrated high ethical standards of translating Bohdan Lepky met in his Ukrainian rendition of Salomé by Oscar Wilde.
 Acknowledgements
 This research was made possible through funds from The Remeza Family Research and Publications Grant 2021-2022, Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Alberta, Canada.

Validation And Measurement Invariance Of The Ukrainian Version Of The Scale Of Positive And Negative Experiences (SPANE)

Psychological well-being is determined from different positions in positive psychology, one of which is the concept of subjective well-being as a three-factor construct – global satisfaction with life, positive affect and negative affect. In this crossover study, the Ukrainian version of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences (SPANE) has been adapted Ukrainian population and validated as an improved diagnostic tool for emotional component of subjective well-being. The sample consisted of 458 Ukrainians aged from 18 to 55 years (Md = 19; 42,4% were men). The questionnaire has been translated using forward-backward method. Confirmatory factor analysis has been performed to estimate factorial structure of the questionnaire, reliability and measurement invariance. It has confirmed that a two-factor model in which a positive affect (SPANE-P) and a negative affect (SPANE-N) have a moderate negative correlation (r = -0,594) fits empirical data better than one-factor model, model with two uncorrelated factors and bifactor model. The composite reliability is 0,909 for SPANE-P and 0,861 for SPANE-N. The convergent validity has been determined by the average variance extracted index, which is 0,630 for SPANE-P and 0,533 for SPANE-N. Discriminatory validity, determined by the Furnell’s and Larker method and the Heterotrait-monotrait (HTMT) ratio of correlation, is satisfactory for both SPANE subscales. The measurement invariance for gender and age (early maturity and middle-aged) has been estimated. Measurement strong invariance has been confirmed that allows us to compare mean values of latent constructs across these groups. It has been found that women reports higher levels of negative affect than men. The results of the study showed that he Ukrainian version of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences (SPANE) has acceptable psychometric properties, shows measurement invariance for age and gender and can be used as effective tool for studying affective well-being of Ukrainians.

Nil Khasevych’s Works in the Context of Ukrainian Resistance Art of the First Half of the 20th Century

The purpose of the study is to determine the role of the creative personality of Nil Khasevych in the process of forming the fine art component of the anti-imperial resistance ideology in its Ukrainian version. The methodology of the scientific study is based on the systemacy that combines the art critical approach and the culturological one. As a research method was chosen the diachronic comparative analysis of the tasks set themselves by artists, as well as the main ways of their handling. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that the creation of Nil Khasevych is for the first time considered in a broad context of organized attempts of planning and implementing visual works of anticolonial trend in the temporal range of the First World War to the mid-XXth century. Summary. The Ukrainian anti-imperial cultural resistance in the first half of the XXth century has been implemented in various forms, starting with documenting the events related to the liberation struggles, and completing with the works of purely ideological art, which became a reaction to an array of propaganda produced by public outreach machines of totalitarian states. Artists deliberately or intuitively worked on creating an institute of national remembrance as the basis of Ukrainian identity. N. Khasevych’s creative and organizational activities, given a string of historical circumstances, occupies a central place in this phenomenon. First, these his activities was the longest in time and concentrated immediately in the midst of the OUN–UPA underground on the territory of mainland Ukraine. Secondly, N. Khasevych’s professional, intellectual and organizational potentials, his ability to choose the most optimal artistic means also played a significant role. Thirdly, the artist’s personality, his unique biography and even disability became a basis of a very holistic artistic image, filled with symbolism, which felt as if to be tight in the chronological framework of the 1930s–1940s. A part of N. Khasevych’s ideological works by its content was aimed in a utopian way at realizing an independent Ukraine, that is, he was the first to transcend the limits of responding to the challenges of time and to offer one’s own concept of the future.

THE INVENTORY OF STATEMENTS ABOUT SELF-INJURY (ISAS): THE EXPERIENCE OF ADAPTATION TO THE DOMESTIC USAGE

The topic of self-injurious behavior is relatively new for the domestic academic psychology. The article presents the definition of the phenomenon of self-injurious behavior and problematic aspects connected with its conceptualization, the groups of subjects the most prone to its demonstration are specified. The most widespread classifications of forms and types of self-harming behavior are provided, the relations of self-harm with different behavioral manifestations and individual and psychological characteristics are described (low self-esteem, perfectionism, negative self-attitude and body image, and the feeling of failure); its basic psychological reasons (emotional and sexual violence as well as the experience of traumatization) and functions (cutting on psychological pain, decrease of tension, mastering the feeling of internal empiness and loss, attraction of attention, etc.) are summarized. The persisting nature of self-injurious behavior is stressed that demands separate investigation of the psychological interventions elaborated for the current moment. The analysis is made with reference to current foreign both descriptive theoretical works and relevant empirical research. The procedure of primary adaptation of E. Klonsky's ISAS questionnaire for the domestic use is presented: preparation of the Ukrainian version of translation with participation of 3 experts, involvement of the sample of research participants (initially 154 subjects aged 17-49, 82 females, finally 34 subjects aged 17-47, 30 females), finding indices of retest validity and internal consistency of the questionnaire. The calculations showed satisfactory indices for the relevant critetia of the validity of the questionnaire. At the end of the article the Ukrainian version of the translation of the questionnaire is given with the sub-scales (affect regulation, interpersonal boundaries, self-punishment, self-care, anti-dissociation / feeling generation, anti-suicide, sensation-seeking, peer-bonding, interpersonal influence, toughness, marking distress, revenge, and autonomy) and the key. Defining construct validity, making calculations as for the standartization of the questionnaire and its validity verification of a clinical sample are planned.

Uneven geographies in the various language editions of Wikipedia: the case of Ukrainian cities

The paper tackles the issue of uneven geographical representations on Wikipedia, the most visible and powerful user-generated encyclopaedia. In particular, it addresses language imbalances on Wikipedia with regard to geographical information and uneven spatial patterns of territory coverage on the different language versions in an attempt to verify expectations about the cultural factors that influence these imbalances and uneven spatial patterns. Ukraine is a promising case for testing the formulated expectations, as it has a large number of neighbouring countries, and most of them had political and cultural influence on its territory in the past. The volumes (word counts) of articles about the Ukrainian cities were analysed for seven language versions of Wikipedia, including the Ukrainian version and the versions of all bordering countries. The results show that historical geography is the strongest and central factor, and most of the key relic borders (former boundaries) can be traced. Ethnic composition appears to be another important factor, although weaker than the previous one. The role of the border factor is often unclear, but in some cases it definitely makes an impact and therefore cannot be completely ignored. Thus, the geographies of Wikipedia are not indifferent to the issues of ethnicity and geopolitics. The research calls into question the ability of modern Wikipedia to be a reliable and balanced source of geographical knowledge, as the described imbalances may create lopsided and biased geographical representations in people from different countries and nations.

Українська версія FRAX: створення та впровадження в клінічну практику

У зв’язку зі збільшенням чисельності населення літнього віку в усьому світі проблема остеопорозу та його ускладнень із року в рік набуває все більшої актуальності. Науковці, які займаються питаннями надання медичної допомоги пацієнтам із захворюваннями кістково-м’язової системи, постійно проводять пошук та дослідження ефективності різних методів діагностики, лікування та профілактики остеопорозу та його ускладнень. Актуальним є скринінг пацієнтів старших вікових груп з метою виявлення факторів ризику остеопорозу, раннього виявлення змін якості кісткової тканини, прогнозування ускладнень.

Українська версія FRAX: критерії діагностики й лікування остеопорозу

Актуальність. На сьогодні алгоритм FRAX® є інформативним методом оцінки ризику остеопоротичних переломів, імплементованим в європейські й американські рекомендації щодо менеджменту остеопорозу. Проте існують відмінності щодо меж втручання для антиостеопоротичного лікування, що залежать від країни, моделі надання медичної допомоги та повернення коштів за лікування. Власна модель FRAX з’явилась в Україні в 2016 році, проте межі втручання досі розроблені не були. Мета дослідження: визначити межі для фармакологічного лікування остеопорозу та додаткового обстеження населення України за допомогою національної моделі FRAX. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 3790 амбулаторних жінок віком 40–90 років (середній вік — 61,9 ± 10,0 року). Розробка меж втручання та додаткової оцінки стану кісткової тканини з використанням двохенергетичної рентгенівської денситометрії (ДРА) передбачала застосування методології, прийнятої National Osteoporosis Guideline Group у Великій Британії, яка використана і в європейських рекомендаціях. Результати. Встановлено зростання з віком межі для фармакологічного втручання (верхня межа) з 6,6 % у 40 років до 13 % у 75–85 років. Нижня межа втручання (необхідність обстеження) вірогідно збільшувалась з 2,4 % у 40 років до 6,9 % у жінок віком 85 років. Стратегія оцінки починається з аналізу в анамнезі низькотравматичного перелому. За його наявності приймається рішення про початок антиостеопоротичного лікування без проведення ДРА. За відсутності перелому в анамнезі необхідна оцінка ризику переломів за FRAX. При перевищенні верхньої межі рекомендовано антиостеопоротичне лікування без проведення ДРА, при його значеннях менше за нижню межу — додаткове обстеження чи лікування не потрібні. За умови наявності проміжних показників ризику необхідне проведення ДРА з переоцінкою ризику переломів і тактики ведення. Висновки. Доведено ефективність використання принципів оцінки FRAX, що застосовуються в європейських рекомендаціях, але з урахуванням епідеміології остеопоротичних переломів в Україні. Незважаючи на те, що даний підхід є економічно ефективним в інших країнах, його застосування в Україні може відрізнятись і потребує подальшого вивчення з економічною оцінкою затрат і переваг.

Результати дослідження чутливості української версії опитувальника Haemo-QoL

Мета: визначити чутливість до змін української версії опитувальника для оцінки якості життя, пов’язаної зі здоров’ям, дітей із гемофілією Haemo-QoL. Матеріали та методи. Оцінка якості життя визначалась кореспондентським методом двічі (первинне та повторне анкетування) шляхом обстеження 48 респондентів — учасників дослідження (24 дитини, хворі на гемофілію А, та 24 їх батька) із використанням пілотної української повної версії опитувальника Haemo-QoL. Тривалість дослідження становила 4 місяці. Модель обстеження: індивідуальне й електронне анкетування. Пацієнтів розподілено на дві групи: група І — погіршення, група ІІ — покращання загального стану. Дані інтерв’ювання проаналізовані і, відповідно, визначено кореляційний зв’язок за шкалами опитувальника та загальним показником якості життя, амплітуду різниці та ефект розміру r Кохена між отриманими показниками оцінки якості життя, пов’язаної зі здоров’ям, при первинному та повторному анкетуванні. Результати. Установлено, що загальний показник вірогідно збільшився в групі І при повторному обстеженні порівняно з первинним, тоді як у групі ІІ вірогідно зменшився, що характеризує, відповідно, погіршення якості життя, пов’язаної зі здоров’ям, у групі І та покращання в групі ІІ. У групі І виявлено вірогідну зміну показників якості життя за усіма шкалами опитувальника, за винятком шкал «Лікування» та «Сім’я». У групі ІІ виявлено вірогідну різницю в балах за усіма шкалами опитувальника. У результаті ефект розміру Кохена становив для версій опитувальника від 0,33 до 0,54, загальний ефект розміру Кохена — 0,50, що є достатнім для характеристики опитувальника як чутливого до змін інструмента. Висновки. Доведено, що українcька версія опитувальника Haemo-QoL є чутливим до змін інструментом для оцінки, пов’язаної зі здоров’ям, якості життя в дітей із гемофілією А та їх батьків.

Design of ASR Software for Recognition of the Russian Language Variants

The article first touches on the problem of speech recognition of Russian language variants. With the development and growing (ASR) popularity of the automatic speech recognition (ASR) technology, more and more attention is now being paid to the problems related to the incompatibility of modern applications to work with non-standard language varieties. This question is especially relevant for Russian, as it is, contrary to the conservative statement about its homogeneity, represented by many forms that differ from the standard one, which generally have a wide distribution in various regions of Russia and throughout the world. The study of various aspects of the interaction of ACER algorithms with non-standard varieties of the Russian language, as well as existing approaches to creating an ASR product that can process such idioms, today seems to be an urgent direction. The aim of the work is to analyze in detail the methods for developing ASR systems capable of performing the task of recognizing and processing speech samples of speakers of Russian language forms different from the standard, which may contribute to further research on this topic. The research material is based on the software interface of the SOVA ASR application for automatic speech recognition, as well as a selection of audio recordings of speech of native speakers of the Central Asian and Ukrainian versions of Russian, and the corresponding transcription texts. The research methods such as the study and analysis of specialized literature, data collection for subsequent software processing, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and experimental data are used.

Якість життя хворих на бронхіальну астму, поєднану з ожирінням, з урахуванням виявлення поліморфізму RS9939609 гена FTO і RS324011 гена STAT6

У хворих на бронхіальну астму (БА), поєднану з ожирінням (Ож), провести аналіз дистрибуції поліморфізму генів FTO та STAT6 і проаналізувати якість життя цієї когорти хворих. Матеріали та методи. Обстежено та опитано 117 осіб віком від 18 до 48 років. Для визначення ролі зв’язків індивідуальних особливостей хворого на БА та Ож використана українська версія опитувальника MOS SF-36, для оцінки дихальної функції — спеціальний респіраторний опитувальник клініки Святого Георгія (SGRQ) Результати. У хворих на БА із супутнім Ож клінічні прояви БА значно яскравіші, а загальна якість життя вірогідно нижча, ніж у хворих на ізольовану БА. Поряд із цим встановлено, що у носіїв А-алелі гена FTO (Т/А, А/А) спостерігалося зниження показників фізичного функціонування, впливу фізичного стану на рольове функціонування, соціального функціонування, впливу емоційного стану на рольове функціонування, а носії Т-алелі гена STAT6 (С/Т, Т/Т) мали яскравішими показники «симптоми», «активність», «вплив» та зниження загальної якості життя. Висновки. Вплив клінічних проявів на суб’єктивне відображення свого здоров’я у хворих на БА, поєднану з Ож, проявлявся змінами фізичної та психічної складової опитувальників, що обмежує соціальну активність людини, участь хворих у суспільному житті та чітко відображається на психічному стані особистості зі схильністю до депресії, тривоги, хвилювання. Крім того, відзначається генотипова залежність між виявленням поліморфізму RS9939609 гена FTO і RS324011 гена STAT6 та якістю життя хворих із поєднаним перебігом захворювань.