UDP Protocol Research Articles

Novel dynamic multiple classification system for network traffic

Traffic classification has been widely used in networking and security issues. Previous works have involved many different techniques for mapping traffic to the application. However, little attention has been paid to traffic classification for dynamic network stream. In this paper, we propose a Dynamic Multiple Traffic Classification System (DMTCS). We first introduce the time-based distribution of the traffic protocol information to the traffic classification problem, as the traffic data is a data stream with time continuity. The packets are treated as documents and protocols are seen as topics. Thus, we can apply topic models to cluster packets. In our system, after initialization, packets arrived at a time point are classified as of some protocols. Then, these packets are assembled to clusters according to the protocol distribution at the last time point. Finally, we use these clusters to classify packets arrived at the next time point. Our method has several advantages: 1) does not require the prior knowledge of target applications; 2) tolerant with both TCP and UDP protocols; 3) support multiple classification; 4) preserve high accuracy for the traffic stream with dynamic and imbalanced traffic distribution. Evaluations on DMTCS are carried on two different datasets, and the experimental results demonstrate that DMTCS has an impressive performance in classification on the real-world network stream and the dynamic simulation stream. Whats more, DMTCS outperforms other state-of-the-art models in our experiment.

Wireless energy harvesting: Empirical results and practical considerations for Internet of Things

The continuous growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of different types of wireless sensors that are used for monitoring and actuation, communicating with each other and with various infrastructures through the Internet. The long-term and self-sustainable operation of these wireless sensors is a key factor when designing networks using them. To prolong the lifetime of these sensors, various approaches that are capable of harvesting the required energy from various sources have been proposed over the last few years. Wireless Energy Harvesting (WEH) technology is one of them which shows promise in terms of availability, ease of implementation, and cost. We investigate the current status of WEH technology for IoT-enabled sensors. In particular, we evaluate the energy characteristics and operation of two types of environmental wireless sensors (one based on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication and the other on the UDP protocol) that are powered by a wireless energy harvesting element and operate in the IoT environment. Our literature review on WEH for IoT revealed that despite significant advances that have been made in the design and development of wireless power harvesting elements, achieving self-sustainable wireless sensors for IoT remains a significant challenge. Finally, we also highlight some research challenges of WEH for IoT that need to be addressed in the future.

IP Network Stack in Ada 2012 and the Ravenscar Profile

This article presents Ada Embedded Network, a small network stack intended to be used by small embedded Ada applications running on ARM. It implements the standard ARP, IPv4, UDP, DNS and DHCP protocols on top of an Ethernet driver. Its memory efficient design allows it to run on the STM32F746 board. The article presents the components from the Ada implementation point of view. It highlights the Ada features that have been used and shows some benefits of the Ravenscar profile that have helped the project.

Efficient congestion minimisation by successive load shifting in multilayer wireless networks

Congestion in wireless networks is one of the major causes of system inefficiency, and with router load being the main contributor to overall network traffic flow, congestion is very dependent on the level of router load and how it can be effectively managed. This paper presents a novel low-complexity successive load shifting (SLS) technique for intelligently shifting router load between network routers by predicting the probability of congestion occurrences in the network and exploiting the topology to reassign load to minimise congestion. Crucially, SLS does not compromise the data rate in avoiding congestion and is able to be seamlessly embedded into existing protocols with only a small increase incurred in system overheads. The performance of SLS has been extensively tested and critically evaluated using the widely adopted TCP and UDP protocols, with results confirming both significant throughput gains and superior packet loss performance.

Ethernet Based Embedded Precision Acceleration with Temperature and Humidity Acquisition System

This paper proposes an efficient precision acceleration with temperature and humidity acquisition system based on 24-bit A/D Converter, IIC temperature and humidity sensor, Ethernet controller and microcontroller. This paper expounds in detail the realization of acquisition hardware, UDP protocol in microcontroller, the acquisition software as well as many other important aspects of the system. On the basis of the foregoing, build the entire acquisition system and apply it to the road roughness measuring instrument. Through the practice of the vehicle-mounted environment inspection, experimental results show that this system can stable operation for a long time and have a good application prospect.

Level Zero Trigger Processor for the NA62 experiment

The NA62 experiment is designed to measure the ultra-rare decay K+ arrow π+ ν ν̄ branching ratio with a precision of ∼ 10% at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The trigger system of NA62 consists in three different levels designed to select events of physics interest in a high beam rate environment. The L0 Trigger Processor (L0TP) is the lowest level system of the trigger chain. It is hardware implemented using programmable logic. The architecture of the NA62 L0TP system is a new approach compared to existing systems used in high-energy physics experiments. It is fully digital, based on a standard gigabit Ethernet communication between detectors and the L0TP Board. The L0TP Board is a commercial development board, mounting a programmable logic device (FPGA). The primitives generated by sub-detectors are sent asynchronously using the UDP protocol to the L0TP during the entire beam spill period. The L0TP realigns in time the primitives coming from seven different sources and performs a data selection based on the characteristics of the event such as energy, multiplicity and topology of hits in the sub-detectors. It guarantees a maximum latency of 1 ms. The maximum input rate is about 10 MHz for each sub-detector, while the design maximum output trigger rate is 1 MHz. A description of the trigger algorithm is presented here.

Hybrid error recovery protocol for video streaming in vehicle ad hoc networks

Recently, video streaming in Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) is considered as one of the most important challenge in vehicular communication because of the high packet loss rate and the increased transmission delay due to the highly dynamic of VANET topology. This specificity makes difficult to apply the conventional transport protocols such as UDP and TCP to video streaming over VANET. To deal with these limits and to ensure a high video quality at the end receiver, we propose in this paper a Hybrid Error Recovery Protocol (HERP) for video streaming in VANETs. The proposed protocol integrates the Sub-Packet Forward Correction (SPFEC) mechanism to recover the uniform transmission errors and the retransmission technique to recover burst errors mainly due to the network congestion and route disconnection. In order to avoid the network overload and to reduce the transmission delay, HERP adapts dynamically the redundancy rate, retransmission limit and transmission rate according to the network condition measured by the Bit Error Rate and the network load indicated by queue length of intermediate vehicles. HERP uses the reporting technique to control the network condition and the network load. To improve the video streaming quality, HERP suggests an unequal protection of video frames type (i.e. I, P, B frames). The experimental results show that HERP achieves significant improvements of transmitted video compared to native UDP protocol and UDP based on SPFEC.

UDP Pervasive Protocol Implementation for Smart Home Environment on MyRIO using LabVIEW

Smart Home concept is to connect several devices to perform control and the device to be controlled to help any human needs. So it should have one device being Host and several devices being Client. The environment in this case is a home that there is too much technology that planted technologies that has much influence at human activities is called pervasive computing. The device communication should be has a protocol, at the research used UDP protocol because it doesn't need to negotiate before performing communication like a TCP. With UDP behavior did not use to validate at every send or deliver data because at Smart Home environment doesn't need a large or big data being processed. LabView used at this research based on previous research, but MyRIO has used this research to perform Client and Host performed by PC. So it can measure how usable the design that created. This research proves that LabView and MyRIO successfully implemented with the design that created to perform Pervasive Computing for Smart Home environment. Functional testing scenario conducted by every condition that on system environment, based on design all testing scenario successfully and working as well as expected.

Signal acquisition and processing system based on zynq dual core

In order to speed up the acquisition and processing of signal, this paper has developed a signal acquisition and processing system based on zynq platform. Based on the ARM Cortex-A9 dual-core and editable logic unit architecture of Zynq AP SoC platform, this paper implements a fully functional signal acquisition and processing system by software and hardware collaborative design. ARM0 is the main processor that controls system and shared resources. ARM1 is the slave processor. ARM1 is responsible for receiving the data converted by the AD7606 analog-to-digital chip. The data is sent to the Hamming window function IP core created under vivado HLS through the AXI bus. After the data is processed by Hamming window function, it is sent to ARM1 again through AXI bus. OCM acts as the shared memory for ARM0 and ARM1 communication. The Linux system runs on ARM0. The processed data is sent to the upper computer through ethernet through UDP protocol. Utilizing the architecture of the Zynq platform, the system efficiency is improved, and the stability of the system is ensured, so that the FPGA can enter the field of embedded systems.

Design and Implementation of Communication Scheme between Ethernet and Multi-Serial Port

With the development of aerospace technology, the flight control system is getting more and more important for a UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) flying safely and efficiently. For collecting the experimental data without delay, this paper briefly reviews the design of the communication scheme, and provides the implemented results. Through using the controller LPC1768 to expand the serial port, and the Ethernet controller DP83848 to complete the communication by UDP protocol, it turns out that this method is able to reach the real-time requirements of the UAV semi-physical simulation.

Методика расчета параметров линии доступа мультисервисной сет и

The problem of estimating rate plan settings on multiservice access networks is stated. Given the triple-play nature of broadband services we formulate the interconnection between the standard service set and available access port settings – output packet buffer capacity and bandwith. We discuss usual Internet Service Provider access network from the last uplink to the end-user customer equipment access port. As an industry standard we choose IP-Television, internet data transfer and streaming video as primary services. Baseline protocols of these services are stated along with respective quality of service requirements. IP-TV service is modeled according to DVB-IPTV standard with H.264 encoding using MPEG-TS multiplexing streams over RTP and UDP protocols with IP-multicast distribution. Using experimental data we show high burstiness of H.264 traffic patterns and take care of it cduring calculation of required bandwith parameters. Data transfer service represented by popular TCP-based internet applications. We are giving attention to TCP flow control algorithms and to Application level flow control. From experimental data and industry adopted baselines of internet applications we estimate quality of service parameters as a function of customer connection settings. Unlike usual ISP approximations of core links capacity, out method allows to estimate access port settings as a function of rate plan for required service set and quality of service.

Radio astronomy interferometer network testing for a Malaysia–China real-time e-VLBI

The uv-coverage of the current VLBI network between Australia northern Asia will be significantly enhanced with an existence of a middle baseline VLBI station located in Malaysia. This paper investigated the connecting route of the first half of the Asia-Oceania VLBI network i.e. from Malaysia to China. The investigation of transmission network characteristics between Malaysia and China was carried out in order to perform a real-time and reliable data transfer within the e-VLBI network for future eVLBI observations. MyREN (Malaysia) and CSTNET (China) high-speed research networks were utilized for this proposed e-VLBI connection. Preliminary network test was performed by ping, traceroute, and iperf prior to data transfer tests, which were evaluated with three types of protocols namely FTP, Tsunami-UDT and UDT. The results showed that, on average, there were eighteen hops between Malaysia and China networks with 98 ms round trip time (RTT) delay. Overall UDP protocol has a better throughput compared to TCP protocol. UDP can reach a maximum rate of 90 Mbps with 0% packet loss. In this feasibility test, the VLBI test data was successfully transferred between Malaysia and China by utilizing the three types of data transfer protocols.

MAC Implemented using TCP, UDP and HTTP Protocols in Congestion Control

MAC Implemented using TCP, UDP and HTTP Protocols in Congestion Control

Design and Implementation of Video Conference Protocols on Families of Prisoners in Prisons Using Smartphones

The development of communication technology today has had a major impact and changes to the processdelivery of information. Video Conference is a method of conveying information which is quite attractive for distance communication far. In this study, the application of the video conference application is used as a prototype to support the facility in the Correctional Institution. The tools and materials used in the research include web servers, users(Android), Raspberry Pi, webcam, and monitor. The software application used in the research, namely,Dreamweaver is used for web design, webRTC for video conferencing protocol and Wireshark forcapture network traffic during videoconverence access, so that it can be known QOS parameters (delay, throughput, and packet loss) are generated. Based on the tests that were carried out during the video conference process, the results were obtainedcapture from several application protocols that support video conferencing, namely TCP, UDP, and STUN. . PackageThe best loss is the TCP protocol, which is 0%, the best delay is the UDP protocol with an average delay27.06 ms, the best throughput is obtained on the STUN protocol with an average throughput of 5.273 Mbit / s

Simulated performance of TCP, SCTP, DCCP and UDP protocols over 4G network

Forth Generation (4G) network support for wide geographical locations proves its use as a more advanced wireless technology. The Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a 4G mobile communications standard set by International Communication Union (ITU), specifically ITU Radio communication Sector (ITU-R). At the moment, video traffic and telecommunications grow under the expansion of LTE, which is considered as the actual motivating access technology of 4G network. Throughout the deployment of LTE, various transport protocols are advised and broadly experimented, for instance, TCP, SCTP, DCCP and UDP that may execute differently on 4G networks subject to the network scenarios and parameter settings. Even though the deployment of LTE is swiftly enhanced, there is a lack of performance evaluation of its protocols. Hence, a widespread scrutiny is required for the evaluation of the operation of numerous protocols for high-end applications such as multimedia. Adopting these applications with flexible quality of service constraints with improved usage of resources is a challenging task. In this paper, the output results of different transport protocols for multimedia streaming applications, e.g., video, through extensive simulations are analyzed. The performance of an MPEG-4 video streaming is evaluated using NS-3. The performance metrics used are delay, jitter, throughput, and packet loss. These metrics are evaluated at the base station via TCP, SCTP, DCCP and UDP protocols over the 4G-LTE technology. The obtained results show that the DCCP performs the best in throughput improvement with the minimization of delay and jitter as compared to UDP, TCP, and SCTP.

Performance Test of Openflow Agent on Openflow Software-Based Mikrotik RB750 Switch

A network is usually developed by several devices such as router, switch etc. Every device forwards data package manipulation with complicated protocol planted in its hardware. An operator is responsible for running configuration either to manage rules or application applied in the network. Human error may occur when device configuration run manually by operator. Some famous vendors, one of them is MikroTik, has also been implementing this OpenFlow on its operation. It provides the implementation of SDN/OpenFlow architecture with affordable cost. The second phase research result showed that switch OF software-based MikroTik resulted higher latency value than both mininet and switch OF software-based OpenWRT. The average gap value of switch OF software-based MikroTik is 2012 kbps lower than the value of switch OF software-based OpenWRT. The average gap value of throughput bandwidth protocol UDP switch OF software-based MikroTik is 3.6176 kBps lower than switch OF software-based OpenWRT and it is 8.68 kBps lower than mininet. The average gap throughput jitter protokol UDP of switch OF software-based MiktoTik is 0.0103ms lower than switch OF software-based OpenWRT and 0.0093ms lower than mininet.

Fuzzy mapping in data sonification system of wireless sensor network

Problem Statement. This paper describes the modeling of sonification system with possible types of wireless sensor network data. Fuzzy logic is used for the data-to-sound mapping. Methods. Devised sonification system includes input data model and sound synthesis core. It was created in Pure Data. For fuzzy output of mapped data the Fuzzy Logic Toolboxof MATLABwas used. Moreover, the system model has an ability to send data to the side application via UDP protocol. Results. We offer the method of timbre space organization for sonification system output and the following output of control sound characteristics depending on the type of input data. Practical Relevance. The offered approach of using fuzzy logic in sonification systems can be applied in development of new applications when the formalization of data-to-sound mapping is difficult and also complicated timbal space organization is required.

Analisis Throughput Varian TCP Pada Model Jaringan WiMAX

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a protocol that works at the transport layer of the OSI model. TCP was originally designed more destined for a wired network. However, to meet the need for the development of a very fast network technology based on the needs of the use by the user, it needs further development to the use of TCP on wireless devices. One implementation of a wireless network based on Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) network is a model that offers a variety advantage, particularly in terms of access speed. In this case, use NS-2 to see throughput at TCP variants tested, namely TCP-Tahoe, TCP-Reno, TCP-Vegas, and TCP-SACK over WiMAX network model, with few observations scenarios. The first is a look at each of these variants throughput of TCP when only one particular variant of the work in the network. Second observe all variants of TCP throughput at the same time and have the equivalent QoS, but with the possibility of a small congestion based on the capacity of the link is made sufficient. Third observed throughput with multi congestion. In WiMAX network has scheduling services are UGS, rtPS and ertPS using UDP protocol and nrtPS and BE using the TCP Protocol. By using the software network simulator (NS-2) to obtain performance comparison TCP protocol-based services on the WiMAX network with QoS parameters are throughput, packet loss, fairness and time delay.

Komunikasi Data Berbasis Protokol UDP pada Sistem Ubiquitous Mobile Sensing Kualitas Sumber Air

The need for monitoring, effective and efficient control and evaluation of water quality in regional waters Surabaya become a demand for population growth, climate change and variability in the current era of urbanization. The traditional method is done by collecting water samples, test and analyze water in the laboratory has been relatively expensive and do not have the ability to capture real-time data, analysis and information delivery fast in making decisions. On the other hand, the rapid spread in the use of mobile phones in developing countries has increased mobile data management applications. A variety of mobile applications has also increased in recent years. This is because mobile phones cheap, easy to use and can transmit multiple types of information including images and GPS data remotely. In this paper, the author describes a data communication system of water quality resources based on UDP protocol. This system is called ubiquitous mobile sensing consisting of microcontroller Arduino, water quality sensors, and Android smartphones. It has the ability to detect temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and electrical conductivity (EC) in real time. By using this monitoring system, the data result is expected more accurate, faster and cheaper.

Level Zero Trigger Processor for the ultra rare kaon decay experiment: NA62

The NA62 experiment is designed to measure the (ultra-)rare decay K+→π+νν¯ branching ratio with a precision of ∼10% at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS). The L0 Trigger Processor (L0TP) is the lowest level system of the trigger chain. It is hardware implemented using programmable logic. The architecture of the L0TP is completely new for a high energy physics experiment. It is fully digital, based on a standard gigabit ethernet communication between detectors and L0TP Board. The L0TP Board is a commercial development board, Terasic DE4, mounting an Altera Stratix IV FPGA. The primitives generated by sub-detectors are sent asynchronously using the UDP protocol to the L0TP during the entire beam spill period (about 5 seconds). The L0TP realigns in time the primitives coming from 7 different sources and manages the information of the time plus all the characteristics of the event as energy, multiplicity and position of hits in order to select good events with a comparison with preset masks. It should guarantee a maximum latency of 1ms. The maximum input rate is 10MHz for each sub-detector, while the design maximum output trigger rate is 1MHz. A complete trigger-less parasitic acquisition of the primitives is possible using mirroring switches to monitor the L0 behavior. A first version of the L0TP was commissioned during the 2014 NA62 pilot run and it is used in the current data taking. A description of the trigger algorithm is here presented.