U-healthcare System Research Articles

Design of U-healthcare System for Real-time Blood Pressure Monitoring

Design of U-healthcare System for Real-time Blood Pressure Monitoring

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cloud based u-healthcare network with QoS guarantee for mobile health service

Today’s medical industry can be represented by a human-centered u-healthcare paradigm that is available and accessible anywhere, where high-tech IT can serve as the basis at any time and any place. In addition, in the medical industry, studies of many of the developments and applications are actively conducted based on the development of information communication technology. The aim of medical-information systems is the construction of an advanced IT and integrated u-healthcare system that evolves in the direction of integrated medical-based IT-convergence systems. Accordingly, to resolve the problems of telemedicine, in terms of the remote access to medical data, some public and private initiatives have been proposed, ranging from patient-mobility approaches to medical data. In addition, regarding GENICloud, which provides links with the existing future Internet testbeds and the Eucalyptus Cloud, two out of the seven GENIAM APIs have been announced as the common APIs of the future Internet testbeds in GENI, and they have been implemented and are provided. In the present GENI Cloud system, due to the provision of limited APIs, restrictions may occur in the future Internet testbeds and the Eucalyptus Cloud system management. Therefore, this study proposes a cloud-based mobile health service for the enhancement of the quality of service (QoS) including factors such as reliability and response time to resolve the problems of the broadband-communication infrastructure in the existing mobile health service and the delay problem on the wireless body area network. In this paper, we propose the cloud-based u-healthcare network with a QoS-guaranteed mobile health service. For this method, the TMO-distribution object model that was used in the existing research to implement a reliable and efficient cloud system for users was not used, and instead, a cloud-platform environment was built up through the construction of a distributed system based on a cluster-based mobile object. For this purpose, this study considered the characteristics of the wireless-communication environments between the terminals and the cloud servers in the mobile cloud environment and the proposed cloud mobility services and the specialized mobile cloud-control software. Later, for linkages with cloud computing environments and testbeds was proposed. In addition, this study carried out a cloud mobility-control design to provide a service in the mobile cloud environment that is based on the actual future Internet testbeds. Lastly, based on the structured cloud-platform environment, this study designed access interfaces to provide a mobile healthcare service in consideration of the user convenience. For the mobile-service access interfaces, since the same service interfaces can be used to access the characteristics and functions of all of the applications from browsers and device clients, the model-view-controller structure of the platform was designed, including the components for the further improvement of the requirements, reuse, and maintenance of the codes in medium and large distributed systems.

Telemedicine in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

ObjectiveTo explore a model of Internet-based integrated management of diabetes, we established a remote diabetes medical service platform (U-Healthcare) and evaluated its effectiveness and practicality. Materials and MethodsIn total, 212 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly assigned to 2 groups. Data from the intervention group were automatically transmitted through a glucometer; furthermore, this group received information regarding medicines, diet, exercise and other management through U-Healthcare. The control group received conventional medical treatment without any additional intervention. All patients were regularly followed up every 3 months for half a year. ResultsAt the 3-month follow-up, fasting plasma glucose levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than those at the baseline as well as those of the control group. Triglyceride levels of the intervention group were much lower than those at the baseline. At the 6-month follow-up, 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose levels of the intervention group significantly improved compared with those of the control group. HbA1c levels gradually decreased every 3 months in the intervention group, and the mean change in the levels was significantly greater in this group than in the control group (from 1.27-0.68%). At the end of the study, more than 80% of the patients in the intervention group adhered to blood glucose monitoring 2-3 days per week, and their compliance degree was 72%. ConclusionsThe Internet-based U-Healthcare system of integrated management in diabetes not only achieved better glycemic control, effectively improved HbA1c levels and decreased triglyceride levels but also enhanced patients’ adherence to the medical team’s instructions.

Implementation of Intelligent Home Network and u-Healthcare System based on Smart-Grid

In this paper, we established ZIGBEE home network and combined smart-grid and u-Healthcare system. We assisted for amount of electricity management of household by interlocking home devices of wireless sensor, PLC modem, DCU and realized smart grid and u-Healthcare at the same time by verifying body heat, pulse, blood pressure change and proceeded living body signal by using SVM algorithm and variety of ZIGBEE network channel and enabled it to check real-time through IHD which is developed by user interface. In addition, we minimized the rate of energy consumption of each sensor node when living body signal is processed and realized Query Processor which is able to optimize accuracy and speed of query. We were able to check the result that is accuracy of classification 0.848 which is less accounting for average 17.9% of storage more than the real input data by using Mjoin, multiple query process and SVM algorithm.

스마트 의류 기반의 유-헬스케어 시스템의 설계

To build effective u-healthcare system based-on smart-cloth, design of hardware and software modules for suitable smart-cloth is needed. And a gateway smart-phone program for sensing signal's collecting and processing is needed to send sensing bio-signal from smart-cloth to sever. To do this, it is an important to design and describe modules well for having no difficult problems when implementing later. Also, if medical team do not monitor bio-signals sending from smart-phone frequently and these signals' change values which diagnose automatically due to building expert system based on rules/facts is informed for users, it will be an useful u-healthcare system. Therefore in this paper, by presenting design method of u-healthcare system hardware and software modules based on smart-cloth which prepared these functions, this design method is showed for applying a common use u-healthcare system's production usefully.

Efficacy of a New Medical Information system, Ubiquitous Healthcare Service with Voice Inception Technique in Elderly Diabetic Patients

We have demonstrated previously that an individualized health management system using advanced medical information technology, named ubiquitous (u)-healthcare, was helpful in achieving better glycemic control than routine care. Recently, we generated a new u-healthcare system using a voice inception technique for elderly diabetic patients to communicate information about their glucose control, physical activity, and diet more easily. In a randomized clinical trial, 70 diabetic patients aged 60–85 years were assigned randomly to a standard care group or u-healthcare group for 6 months. The primary end points were the changes in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and glucose fluctuation assessed by the mean amplitude glycemic excursion (MAGE). Changes in body weight, lifestyle, and knowledge about diabetes were also investigated. After 6 months, the HbA1c levels decreased significantly in the u-healthcare group (from 8.6 ± 1.0% to 7.5 ± 0.6%) compared with the standard care group (from 8.7 ± 0.9% to 8.2 ± 1.1%, P < 0.01). The MAGE decreased more in the u-healthcare group than in the standard care group. Systolic blood pressure and body weight decreased and liver functions improved in the u-healthcare group, but not in the standard care group. The u-healthcare system with voice inception technique was effective in achieving glycemic control without hypoglycemia in elderly diabetic patients (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01891474).

Internet of Things (IoT) Framework for u-healthcare System

Internet of Things (IoT) Framework for u-healthcare System

A Study on Reliable Human Healthcare Self-monitoring Capability based Smart Body Situation Correlation Analysis

The convergence of wireless medical sensor networks (WMSNs) and RFID technology have elevated the advancement and sophistication of the self-monitoring capabilities of current u-Healthcare systems. Self-monitoring capability for u-Healthcare systems provides remote and timely real-time feedback of the health status of patients. This paper presents a pervasive architecture of a u-Healthcare system through the optimization of the advanced features of WMSNs and RFID technologies that performs continuous realtime monitoring of patient’s health conditions, thus providing a reliable and efficient healthcare management system.

건강정보를 이용한 OTP 생성 방식 설계

Abstract User Authentication in Online service is essential for accurate and safe service. For this user authentication, One Time Password(OTP) is frequently used. To satisfy one-time-use characteristic of OTP, Offset information to generate OTP or final OTP value get generated through OTP generator or security card which could be lost. In this study, OTP generation method that bypasses OTP generator or security card by using health information collected from u-Health care system is proposed. Suggestion is that health information collected through wearable devices get utilized to offset information that are applied in OTP generations. OTP generated using suggested methods showed similar results than current OTP generation methods in the collision resistance test which tests how often it generate same authentication numbers, this implies that new proposed method can be applied to various on-line services. Key Words : OTP, Convergence User Authentication, Health Information, Collision resistance, u-Health

A Study for Home and Mobile U-Healthcare System

Mobile technologies usage is becoming more integrated with the delivery of patient care. Mobile technology has the potential to have a positive impact on healthcare. The number of people suffering from chronic diseases is growing rapidly and poses an ever increasing strain on the health care sector. An ageing population is now the leading healthcare concern of many countries in the world. Aged patients need more healthcare efforts as they present more cases of chronic illnesses involving higher healthcare costs.

Multifactorial intervention in diabetes care using real-time monitoring and tailored feedback in type 2 diabetes.

In 2011, we demonstrated that an individualized health management system employing advanced medical information technology, designated ubiquitous (u)-healthcare, was helpful in achieving glycemic control without hypoglycemia in patients with diabetes. Following this, we generated a new multidisciplinary u-healthcare system by upgrading our clinical decision support system (CDSS) rule engine and integrating a physical activity-monitoring device and dietary feedback into a comprehensive package. In a randomized, controlled clinical trial, patients with type 2 diabetes aged over 60years were assigned randomly to a self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) group (N=50) or u-healthcare group (N=50) for 6months. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <7% without hypoglycemia. Changes in body composition and lipid profiles were also investigated. The u-healthcare group was educated to use a specially designed glucometer and an activity monitor that automatically transferred test results to a hospital-based server. An automated CDSS rule engine generated and sent patient-specific messages about glucose, diet, and physical activity to their mobile phones and a Web site. After 6months of follow-up, the HbA1c level was significantly decreased in the u-healthcare group [8.0±0.7% (64.2±8.8mmol/mol) to 7.3±0.9% (56.7±9.9mmol/mol)] compared with the SMBG group [8.1±0.8% (64.9±9.1mmol/mol) to 7.9±1.2% (63.2±12.3mmol/mol)] (P<0.01). The proportion of patients with HbA1c<7% without hypoglycemia was greater in the u-healthcare group (26%) than in the SMBG group (12%; P<0.05). Body fat mass decreased and lipid profiles improved in the u-healthcare group but not in the SMBG group. This u-healthcare service provided effective management for older patients with type 2 diabetes (ClinicalTrial.Gov: NCT01137058).

Measuring the functional dynamics of product-service system: A system dynamics approach

In the light of the prevailing trend towards product-service systems (PSSs), this paper focuses on the measurement of PSS functional performance. As a ‘dynamic’ system wherein various stakeholders achieve functional performance through long-term relationships in a complex value network, PSS functional performance requires a dynamic approach for measuring its effectiveness, an approach that is missing in the literature. This study aims to fill that void. Firstly, we address the concept of functional dynamics as a distinctive measure of PSS functionality with regard to functional performance and propose a five-phase analytic scheme of functional dynamics. Then, to measure the functional dynamics of PSS using the analytic scheme, a four-step procedure based on the system dynamics is suggested. As a representative method for measuring the long-term dynamics of a complex system, system dynamics is effectively employed to measure PSS’s functional dynamics comprehensively. To illustrate the proposed approach, a case study of a u-healthcare system is presented.

Analysis of RFID Application for U-healthcare System in Internet of Things

In the past years, Internet of Things (IoT) has been focused and fused with wireless sensor node such as RFID, NFC tag and small sensor nodes, especially for hospital environment with mobile device. Due to the weakness characteristics of wireless signals, unauthorized person can access easier to hospital networks in wireless part than wired network systems. This may induced in several security problems. Therefore, a lot of threats, attacks and vulnerability are occurred in wireless surroundings because of their limited resources such as small memory and low computation capability in wireless sensor network. RFID is often utilized as a prerequisite for the IoT in healthcare system. We surveyed and analyzed the technologies and characteristics of RFID and its application based on IoT.

Mobile Gateway System for Ubiquitous System and Internet of Things Application

The wireless technology has brought many advantages in the development of u-healthcare system. The most recent interesting technology is the Internet of Things (IoT). IoT aims to provide means to access and control all kinds of ubiquitous and uniquely identifiable devices, facilities and assets. These include equipment that has inherent intelligence such us transducers, sensors, actuators, motes, mobile devices, industrial controllers, HVAC controllers, home gadgets, surveillance cameras, and others, as well as externally enabled things or objects. In this paper we have presented the u-healthcare system in the Internet of Things (IoT) environment with the support of the mobile gateway which makes it possible for integration. We have presented here the mobile gateway architecture in which the main purpose is to receive the sensing data and make a local analysis and generate keywords and then will be sent to remote medical server for analysis. This mobile gateway used Bluetooth technology to send and receive data from the sensor devices.

Attacks and Threats on the U-Healthcare Application with Mobile Agent

Wireless sensor network is widespread used in hospital environment with mobile device such as NFC, RFID tag and small sensor nodes. The use of a mobile agent in healthcare system under wireless network environment gives an opportunity to offer better services for patients and staffs such as doctors and nurses because of its mobility. But, optimized security protocols and schemes between sensor and patient device are essential for high performance and security problem in U-healthcare system. But a lot of threats, attacks and vulnerability are induced because of limited resources such as small memory and low computation capability in wireless sensor network. The characteristics of U-healthcare systems are analyzed to solve security issues in this paper.

Development of an ultra-compact mid-infrared attenuated total reflectance spectrophotometer

Mid-infrared spectroscopy has been an important tool widely used for qualitative analysis in various fields. However, portable or personal use is size and cost prohibitive for either Fourier transform infrared or attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectrophotometers. In this study, we developed an ultra-compact ATR spectrophotometer whose frequency band was 5.5–11.0 μm. We used miniature components, such as a light source fabricated by semiconductor technology, a linear variable filter, and a pyro-electric array detector. There were no moving parts. Optimal design based on two light sources, a zippered configuration of the array detector and ATR optics could produce absorption spectra that might be used for qualitative analysis. A microprocessor synchronized the pulsed light sources and detector, and all the signals were processed digitally. The size was 13.5×8.5×3.5 cm3 and the weight was 300 grams. Due to its low cost, our spectrophotometer can replace many online monitoring devices. Another application could be for a u-healthcare system installed in the bathroom or attached to a smartphone for monitoring substances in body fluids.

Authentication Process between RFID Tag and Mobile Agent Under U-healthcare System

A variety of security and privacy threats to RFID authentication protocols with embedded healthcare system have been widely studied. The representative vulnerabilities include eavesdropping, replay attacks, denial of service attacks, tracking, and traceability. Considering this RFID security issues, we analyzed the security threats and open problems related to these matters. In ubiquitous system with sensor node, we use small and limited resources and low memory. Then the application with these kinds of have lots of vulnerabilities and attacks such RFID protocol in healthcare system. Even though, concerns about the disclosure of personal medical privacy in e-healthcare system have already appeared. In this paper, we analyzed and compared practical threat on U-healthcare system.

A Study of the Design of Wireless Medical Sensor Network based u-Healthcare System

Wireless Medical Sensor Networks and Radio Frequency Identification has been widely adopted in both medical and healthcare industry. This paper deals with the study of a WMSN and RFID based u-Healthcare system. An efficient framework for a u-Healthcare system utilizing RFID and WMSN has been presented. The system is capable of monitoring the patient’s medical status by using RFID body sensor and wirelessly transmits the medical data to a local workstation (WMSN gateway) before transmitting it to the central database server. Due to the patient’s movements, WMSN node’s movements will be patterned with the functionality of the Mobile IPv6.

클라우드 컴퓨팅 환경에서 개인의료정보를 통합한 CloudHIS 시스템

오늘날의 의료산업은 첨단 IT에 기반으로 언제, 어디서나 사용 및 접근이 가능한 인간중심의 U-헬스케어 패러다임으로 대변될 수 있다. 또한의료산업은정보통신기술발달을기반으로많은발전 및 응용에 관한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 의료정보시스템은 의료 IT 정보 시스템들이 통합되는 방향으로 진화해가면서 발전된 IT와 융합한 u-헬스케어 시스템 구축을 목표로 하고 있다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 분산된 의료정보 시스템을 이용해 자유로운u-헬스케어 서비스를 제공한다. 제안 시스템은 상호 이질적인 개인의료정보 데이터인 PHR을 하나로 통합하여 IaaS 클라우드 컴퓨팅 기반으로 운영관리 한다. 제안 시스템은 PHR을 기존 웹기반으로 통합 운영하는 방법보다 접근시간은 24%, 서비스 처리를 위한 대기시간은 4.3% 향상됨을 실험을 통해 증명하였다. The characteristics of today's health care industry, based on the state of the art IT can be represented as a paradigm of human-oriented ubiquitous and accessible as possible by U-Health care. In addition, the healthcare industry is information and communication technologies (ICT) developments regarding the many advances and applications based on the research being carried out actively. Medical information system has been developed toward combining information systems of medical IT and it sets its sights on the fusion of developed IT and u-healthcare system. So changing distributed medical information systems into a safe PHR integrated system based on IaaS cloud computing is suggested in order to forge u-healthcare system with the times in this paper. Our experimental results show that our proposed system increased the data access time by about 24% and reduces the waiting time for processing service by about 4.3% over the web-based PHR.

시니어들의 응급구난 관리를 위한 U-Healthcare시스템에서 안전성 개선을 위한 결함 분석 방법에 관한 연구

Recently the U-Healthcare system has been rapidly advanced to manage emergence rescue for seniors. We can access emergency rescue systems with high quality services anytime, anywhere under ubiquitous healthcare systems. The more the various systems develop, the more software security systems become important. Therefore, the safety-critical system has been widely spread to the world by advancement of the information and communication technologies. There are a lot kind of fault analysis methods to evaluate software security systems. However due to characteristics of software that is not applied by human error, it can be prevented the enormous damages and losses from improving the safety of safety-critical system. So this paper proposes an integration method of FTA and Forward and Backward FMECA. This method has each strength of FTA and FMECA which is visual and numeric in normalization . First, by use of FTA, we can redraw FTA with Forward FMECA and Backward FMECA in consideration of occurrence, severity, detection, correctness, robustness, and security. Also according to value of NRVP at each event, we can modify FTA diagrams as shown critical paths given by severity and occurrence. Also, we propose the improved emergency rescue service platform of ubiquitous healthcare systems through identifying priorities of the criticality according to normalized risk priority values (NRPV).