Typology Of Engagement Research Articles

Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers’ acceptance and typology of the theory of evolution

BackgroundMuslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers have different views on evolution theory. Muslim prospective biology teachers suspect that differences in their understanding of the theory of evolution stem from their religious beliefs. This study aims to investigate Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers’ acceptance and typology of evolution theory.MethodsAn explanatory sequential design was combined with mixed techniques. Out of 185 potential biology teachers, 153 (16 males and 137 females) completed the questionnaire during the quantitative phase. We interviewed 5 males and 28 females in the qualitative phase to determine the typology of engagement, and all participants filled out an open-ended questionnaire to complete the previous data.ResultsThe findings demonstrated the validity and reliability of the tools employed, as well as the high degree of acceptance of evolution among Muslim Indonesian aspiring biology teachers. The results also showed that there is a predominant typology of engagement reconciliation among Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers, with few explorers and resistors.ConclusionsMuslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers do not differ in their conceptual understanding of theory evolution from their religious beliefs.

A Student Engagement Typology and Its Relationship to Ability Development in Chinese Universities

A Student Engagement Typology and Its Relationship to Ability Development in Chinese Universities

Promoting trust and police legitimacy in African Australian communities: A critical reflection on community engagement strategies and practical recommendations for police

Community engagement strategies intended to build trust and legitimacy are used widely by police agencies. Available research on the utility of these strategies shows mixed results and police have been criticised for adopting a ‘one-size fits all’ mentality when employing these strategies across minority groups. Yet, community engagement strategies remain a preferred tool for police seeking to improve their relations with minority groups. This article unpacks police–community engagement as a tool for promoting trust and legitimacy among African Australians. The first half of the article provides an overview of community engagement strategies and presents an engagement typology that is used to assesses critically the strengths and limitations of key strategies used by police vis-à-vis trust and legitimacy. The second half of the article canvasses the relationship between African Australian communities and the police, and draws attention to sociocultural factors that must be considered by police when developing and implementing engagement initiatives. The article concludes with several recommendations for police including the need to prioritise the needs of the community over intelligence gathering by embedding employment and education services into engagement initiatives.

Managing participation across boundaries: A typology for stakeholder engagement in the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea

Stakeholder engagement has become pivotal in the provision of science for environmental policy. Managing such participation at the science-policy interface entails inherent challenges. While engagement contributes to securing the credibility, legitimacy and saliency of the organisations operating across boundaries, it also generates trade-offs between those three attributes that are tricky to balance. We argue that existing typologies of engagement -based on agency, motive and engagement modes- need to capture the dynamics ocurring at the interface. To understand how participation performs at the science-policy bridge, we develop a typology based on the goal and rationale that may play within boundary organisations. Four stakeholders’ roles are defined (expert, participant, observer and partner), addressing access, power dynamics and potential impact on organisational performance. To test the explanatory capability of the typology, we use ICES (a long-established marine science organisation) as a case study. The typology highlights how participation takes place and impacts ICES performance. The findings also evidence distinctive participation attributes at the interface: stakeholder roles are defined by the process rather than by their profile; moreover, the same stakeholder may interact in different arenas with different roles because the processes are multiple and often recurrent or iterative. For researchers, the typology guides the search for evidence and suggests some hypotheses for further empirical studies while contributing to the theoretical debate. For boundary organisations, it provides means for tailoring participation to navigate diverse demands for policy relevance and scientific integrity, whether they are assessment, advice or solution-oriented bodies.

Terrain of Contestation: Complicating the Role of Aid in Border Diplomacy between Europe and Morocco

Abstract Theorists of border externalization have portrayed aid in border control cooperation as a bargaining chip that the European Union uses to “buy” the cooperation of countries of “origin” and “transit.” More recent scholarship, instead, has depicted aid as a rent that Southern actors try to extract from Northern donors by capitalizing on the presence of foreign, “undesirable” populations within their own borders. Both explanations overlook the manifold ways countries of “origin” and “transit” maneuver aid in diplomatic relations over border control, thus failing to conceptualize aid beyond the incentive/rent binary. This paper analyses the implementation of three aid-funded projects in the field of migration in Morocco. Building on postcolonial international relations and organizational sociology, I argue that countries of “origin” and “transit” do not always welcome aid in the field of migration with open hands. Rather, they decide to cooperate (or not) with Global North donors and their subcontracting partners depending on how specific aid-funded projects fit into their broader domestic and international foreign policy strategy. I identify a three-tiered typology of engagement (facilitation, negotiation, and obstruction) to argue that aid rather works as a terrain where countries of “origin” and “transit” display, contest, and renegotiate diplomatic relations with Northern partners in situations of power asymmetry.

Assessing Engagement of Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) in HIV Research: A Multi-method Analysis of a Crowdsourcing Open Call and Typology of AYA Engagement in Sub-Saharan Africa

Engagement of adolescents and young adults (AYA) in HIV research is increasing in many settings. We organized a crowdsourcing open call to solicit examples of how AYA have been engaged in HIV research in Africa and to develop an engagement typology. We formed a steering committee, promoted the open call, organized judging and recognized finalists. We used a multi-methods approach to identify emerging themes and measure engagement. We received 95 entries from individuals in 15 countries; 74 met the eligibility criteria. More than three-quarters of entries were from AYA (55/74, 74%). Four themes characterized AYA engagement: (1) AYA were co-creators in the HIV research process. (2) AYA were involved in community-level capacity building. (3) AYA were co-leaders in minor risk research. (4) AYA used digital methods to enhance engagement. Our open call identified diverse methods of AYA engagement, which can enhance strategies used to reach AYA in African HIV studies.

Typologies of Joint Family Activities and Associations With Mental Health and Wellbeing Among Adolescents From Four Countries

PurposeThis study aims to identify distinct typologies of joint family activities and the associations with mental health and wellbeing among adolescents across four countries from the World Health Organization European region. MethodsThe 2017/2018 data from adolescents from Armenia (n = 3,977, Mage = 13.5 ± 1.6 years, 53.4% female), Czechia (n = 10,656, Mage = 13.4 ± 1.7, 50.1% female), Russia (n = 4,096, Mage = 13.8 ± 1.7, 52.4% female), and Slovakia (n = 3,282, Mage = 13.4 ± 1.5, 51.0% female) were collected in schools. The respondents self-reported their participation in joint family leisure-time activities, life satisfaction, psychological and somatic complaints, as well as a range of demographic and family situational factors. Stratified by countries, latent class analysis identified typologies of joint family activities, and logistic regression models explored cross-sectional associations with life satisfaction, and psychological and somatic complaints. ResultsThree typologies were identified across each of the four countries, distinguished by low, moderate, and high levels of family engagement. Adolescents with higher family engagement generally reported greater life satisfaction and fewer psychological complaints compared to those with lower family engagement. Russian adolescents in the high family engagement typology reported fewer somatic complaints compared to those with low family engagement. In addition, adolescents from Czechia and Russia showing moderate family engagement also reported fewer psychological complaints compared to those in the low family engagement typology. DiscussionOur findings from four countries suggest that adolescents with high family engagement have greater life satisfaction and fewer psychological complaints, pointing toward a need for interventions to support family engagement among adolescents. Further research is needed to fully explore underlying mechanisms.

Theory-Based Social and Non-Social Engagement Features in Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps: A Content Analysis

Despite the ubiquity of smartphone ownership and the increasing integration of social engagement features in smoking cessation apps to engage users, the social and non-social engagement features that are present in current smoking cessation apps and the effectiveness of these features in engaging users remain understudied. To fill the gap in the literature, a content analysis of free and paid smoking cessation mobile apps was conducted to examine (a) the presence of social features (i.e., social support, social announcement, and social referencing) and non-social engagement features (e.g., personal environmental changes, goal setting, progress tracking, reinforcement tracking, self-monitoring, and personalized recommendations) and (b) their relationships with user engagement scores measured by the Mobile App Rating Scale. In this study, 28.2% of the smoking cessation apps enable social announcement and 8.1% offered the social support feature. Only two apps provided a social referencing feature (1.3%). No app included reinforcement tracking, with the percentage of other non-social engagement features ranging from 9.4% to 49.0%. Social support (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), social announcement (β = 0.21, p < 0.05), and social referencing (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of user engagement. Regarding the non-social engagement features, personal environment changes (β = 0.38, p < 0.001), progress tracking (β = 0.18, p < 0.05), and personalized recommendations (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) significantly predicted user engagement. The findings not only contribute to the mobile communication literature by applying and extending the theory-based mobile health apps engagement typology, but also inform the future architecture design of smoking cessation mobile apps.

International Undergraduate Students in Chinese Higher Education: An Engagement Typology and Associated Factors.

This research adopted a typological approach to explore international students' academic engagement in China. Using data generated by a survey study involving 801 international undergraduate students at 34 full-time Chinese universities, this research developed an international student engagement typology, and examined important individual and learning environment factors associated with the engagement types presented in the typology. The international student engagement typology helps to understand and enhance international undergraduate students' learning experiences in Chinese HEIs. Although located in China, this research holds implications for practitioners in broader contexts striving for the sustainable development of international student education.

A consumer engagement systematic review: synthesis and research agenda

Purpose This paper aims to review the existing literature about consumer engagement, provide an accurate mapping of this research field, propose a consumer engagement typology and a conceptual framework and offer a research agenda for this domain. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review using several quality filters was performed, producing a top-quality pool of 41 papers. After that, a text mining analysis was conducted, and five major research streams emerged. Findings This paper proposes five distinct research streams based on the text mining analysis, namely, consumer engagement, online brand community engagement, consumer-brand engagement, consumer engagement behaviours and media engagement. Based on this, a consumer engagement typology and a conceptual framework are suggested and a research agenda is proposed. Originality/value This paper presents scientific value and originality because of the new character of the topic and the research methods used. This research is the first study to perform a systematic review and using a text-mining approach to examine the literature on consumer engagement. Based on this, the authors define consumer engagement typology. A research agenda underlining emerging future research topics for this domain is also proposed.

EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: TYPES, LEVELS AND RELATIONSHIP WITH PRACTICE OF HRM

Human resources are important assets of every organization. Recruitment and selection play an effective role in improving the organizational performance, because recruitment directly is relating with employee engagement. Employee engagement has emerged as a popular organizational concept in recent years. Employee engagement, strangely enough, has been a crucial priority of HR since before the term was using. It has become one of the leading priorities of human resource practitioners and senior managers in the organization today, so employee engagement has generated great deal of attention among many human resource practitioners. In present day, where is large-scale competition in the market, it is necessary for the organization to have engaged workforce for the survival and smooth functioning of the organization. Every organization wants to make the best utilization of its human resources in order to achieve competitive advantage in the market. When employees are engaged in their work, they have good relationships with their co-workers and working environment becomes better, are not only happy in their job, but also translate that satisfaction into higher productivity and profitability of the organization. High levels of engagement promote retention of talent, foster customer loyalty and improve organizational performance and stakeholder value. The paper discusses theoretical approaches to the significant concept and phenomenon of today – employee engagement and the factors behind it. In addition, the paper examined the type of employee engagement, problematic of individual and organizational engagement that affects organizational decisions. The aim of article is to identify the distinctive features of two types of engagement in the scientific literature employee engagement and organizational engagement, also connections reflecting the possible role of human resource management practices in the process of management of employee engagement. The purpose implies tasks: to reveal the essence of engagement and the factors that determine it ; also is presented a theoretical model of interfaces. The research methodology is the theoretical modeling of the phenomenon employee engagement from a human resource management perspective. The article is presenting in different sections such as meaning and concept of employee engagement, importance and factors influencing employee engagement and impact of employee engagement on organizational performance. The article consists of three logically interconnected parts. The introduction justifies relevance topics. The main part provides a review of literary sources, in which the authors examine the typology of engagement, distinguish types such as job engagement and organizational engagement. This section analyzes the relationship between characteristics and the influence of their design on employee engagement. This section also analyzes the conditions of formation and the results of the manifestation of employee engagement at the individual organizational levels, describes the connection of various aspects of this state with the practice of human resources management. In the final part, is given a theoretical model developed by the author – the main result of the article. It is a hypothetical model of the structure of employee engagement and how various human resources management practices shape employee engagement and how individual engagement of an employee transforms into a competitive advantage of organization. Data sources for the theoretical study described in this article are publications on the topic of engagement of such highly rated publications like Journal of Applied Psychology, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology and The International Journal of Human Resource Management. The value of the results. This paper may serve as the basis for further research in the field of employee engagement generally and individual additional variable components. Research conclusions may have be used to build the organizational policy of the company in relation to the system human resource management.

Implementing Community Development through Typology of Engagement with Outsiders

Implementing Community Development through Typology of Engagement with Outsiders

Nick Noguez and Michael Gonzalez Discuss their Research Project: Are Social Features in Mobile Health Apps Effective in Engaging Users? A Content Analysis of Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps

&#x0D; &#x0D; Despite the ubiquity of smartphone ownership and the increasing integration of social engagement features in smoking cessation apps to engage users, thesocial engagement features that exist in current smoking cessation apps and how effective these social features are in engaging users remain unclear. To fill the gap in the literature, a content analysis of free and paid smoking cessation mobile apps isconducted to examine a) the presence of socialengagement features(e.g., social support, social announcement, social referencing) and non-social engagement features (e.g., personal environmental changes, goal setting), and b) their relationship with user ratingsand engagement scores (e.g., Mobile App rating scale [MARS]). The findings will not only extend the mobile health apps engagement typology,but also inform smoking cessation mobile apps design.

Getting the Word Out, Rain or Shine: The Impact of Message Features and Hazard Context on Message Passing Online

AbstractNetworked social media provide governmental organizations, such as the National Weather Service (NWS), the opportunity to communicate directly with stakeholders over long periods of time as a form of online engagement. Typologies of engagement include aspects of message content that provide information, contribute to community building, and inspire action and aspects of message microstructural features that facilitate interaction and dialogue, such as directed messages, hashtags, and URLs. Currently, little is known regarding the effect of message strategies on behavioral outcomes, and whether those effects vary under different weather conditions. In this paper we examine how message practices used on Twitter by the NWS are related to message engagement under routine and nonroutine weather conditions. Our analysis employs a census of tweets sent by 12 NWS Weather Forecast Offices in spring 2016 and uses a combination of manual and automated coding to identify engagement content and microstructure features present in each message. We identify factors that increase and decrease message retransmission (retweets) within this corpus under varying threat conditions, using a mixed-effects negative binomial regression model. We find that inclusion of actionable message content, information about historical weather facts, attached visual imagery (such as a map or infograph), and named event hashtags increases message passing during both threat and nonthreat periods. In contrast, messages that include forecast and nowcast content and messages that are sent in reply to other users have a lower passing rate. Findings suggest that common message features do alter message passing, potentially informing message design practices aimed at increasing the reach of messages sent under threat conditions.

Constants in context: an exploration of conciliar and post-conciliar documents on the Catholic school

Conciliar and post-conciliar documents provide a consistent stream of inspirational and informative directions for Catholic Education. This study explores the thematic constants within and across these releases, specifically in relation to the mission of the Catholic school. A series of Leximancer analyses, digital data mining processes of narrative text (Leximancer Manual in https://www.leximancer.com . Version 2.23, 2017), were applied to the eight individual and the overall combination of documents. Findings from the individual analyses emphasised the challenges, opportunities and strategies for the Catholic school relevant to time and context. Results from the combined narratives offered a synthesis of these characteristics and revealed four dominant themes; School, Life, People and Communion. The theme of School was linked with sub-themes of catholic, community, mission, education and church; Life, was accompanied by the sub-themes of work, person, human, God, culture, dialogue, faith and society; People, was expanded upon through educational, formation, students, teachers, religious, cultural, different, and social sub-themes; and Communion was reflected in the sub-themes of mission and church. Pictorial illustrations and numerical frequencies of themes and relationships suggested four dominant themes, the constants of Catholic school mission. These included: Mission Alignment (Catholic school mission as integral to the life and mission of Church); Christian Anthropology (Catholic school mission founded on what it means to be fully human); Engagement Typology (Catholic school mission in dialogue with and in service of the world); and School as a Formative Place (Catholic school mission informed by the Gospel and insights of the new evangelisation). A hermeneutic of continuity was established from the individual and collective document analyses, associated research, and commentary by Magisterium leaders. Mission constants and accompanying characteristics were nominated as paradigms of Faith, Learning, Leadership, Community and Formation. These paradigm constants are discussed as holographic in nature and the mission of the Catholic school as a dynamic and interdependent cluster of foundational characteristics.

Remembering and Forgetting, Discovering and Cherishing

The events of the Second World War left considerable material remains in Finnish Lapland, ranging from the remnants of structures that were destroyed in the 1944–45 Lapland War, through to small, portable objects connected to soldiers, prisoners of war and civilians. These material remains have variously been saved and cherished by survivors and their families, disregarded as ‘war junk’, ‘discovered’ by hobbyists exploring the landscape, amassed and exchanged by private collectors, and accessioned into official museum collections. These various processes represent transformations of material culture to take on various meanings and embodiments, depending on the different individuals and organizations involved.&#x0D; In this article we present and analyse data collected through ethnographic fieldwork in and around the Lapland village of Vuotso: primarily interviews and observations. We have conducted interviews with history hobbyists and museum professionals who engage with the WWII history of Lapland, and observed the treatment of ‘war material culture’, for example through exhibitions (both public and hidden) and through personal meaning-making practices. These encounters have centred around the material remains of the Second World War, and the ways in which different actors perceive, value and otherwise understand those remains. While some objects are transformed through musealisation, others remain ‘officially’ unknown and unrecognized (although known – even traded and exchanged – through private channels). Furthermore it may be as important for some actors to leave material culture in situ – for example as testimony to the past conflict or trauma – as it is for others to exercise personal ownership. Within this context, we deconstruct the notion of ‘expert’ as it relates to the local and historical knowledge. Being regarded by peers and others as an expert is not necessarily the same thing as having professional authority and status, for example as a museum curator or university-affiliated scholar.&#x0D; We draw upon theories of relational materiality, and suggest different typologies of engagement with the material culture. Different networks of interest and expertise emerge, dependent on the actors involved (including their status – e.g. museum professional, survivor, ‘incomer’, local activist – and how their knowledge is thus accepted, challenged or rejected by others), the context of ownership, situationality and perceived levels of authenticity.

Developing Typologies of User Engagement With the BRANCH Alcohol-Harm Reduction Smartphone App: Qualitative Study.

BackgroundUnderstanding how users engage with electronic screening and brief intervention (eSBI) is a critical research objective to improve effectiveness of app-based interventions to reduce harmful alcohol consumption. Although quantitative measures of engagement provide a strong indicator of how the user engages with an app at the group level, they do not elucidate finer-grained details of how apps function from an individual, experiential perspective and why, or how, users engage with an intervention in a particular manner.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to (1) understand why and how participants engaged with the BRANCH app, (2) explore facilitators and barriers to engagement with app features, (3) explore how the BRANCH app impacted drinking behavior, (4) use these data to identify typologies of users of the BRANCH app in terms of engagement behaviors, and (5) identify future eSBI app design implications.MethodsIn total, 20 one-to-one semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with participants recruited from a randomized controlled trial, which evaluated the effectiveness of engagement-promoting strategies in the BRANCH app targeting harmful drinking in young adults (aged 18-30 years). The topic guide explored users’ current engagement levels with existing health promotion apps, their views toward the effectiveness of such apps, and what they liked and disliked about BRANCH, specifically focusing on how they engaged with the app. Framework analysis was used to develop typologies of user engagement.ResultsThe study identified 3 typologies of engagers. Trackers were defined by their motivations to use health-tracking apps to monitor and understand quantified self-data. They did not have intentions necessarily to cut down and predominantly used only the drinking diary. Cut-downers were motivated to use the app because they wanted to reduce their alcohol consumption Unlike Trackers, they did not use a range of different health apps daily, but saw the BRANCH app as an opportunity to test out a different method of trying to cut down their alcohol use. This typology used more features than Trackers, such as the goal setting function. Noncommitters were characterized as a group of users who were initially enthusiastic about using the app; however, this enthusiasm quickly waned and they gained no benefit from it.ConclusionsThis was the first study to identify typologies of user engagement with eSBI apps. Although in need of replication, it provides a first step in understanding independent categories of eSBI users, who may benefit from apps tailored to a user’s typology or motivation. It also provides new evidence to suggest that apps may be used more effectively as a tool to raise awareness of drinking, instead of reducing alcohol use, and be a step in the care pathway, identifying at-risk individuals and signposting them to more intensive treatment.Trial RegistrationInternational Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number ISRCTN70980706; http://www.isrctn.com /ISRCTN70980706 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/73vfDXYEZ)

Why We Need to Question the Democratic Engagement of Adolescents in Europe.

Since the beginning of the 21 st century, academics in various disciplines have stressed the need to address democratic deficits in Europe as well as lacunae in the citizenship development of European youth. In this article we explore the value of various types of democratic engagement for strengthening the democratic character of local and international communities throughout Europe. To this end, we present our democratic engagement typology and its derivation from empirical and conceptual research, and discuss several strengths and limitations of each type of engagement. We also explain the additive value of our typology in relation to existing engagement typologies, and conclude that in order to vitalize democratic communities, local and (inter)national communities and institutions also need to cultivate a thick type of democratic engagement among European youth.

Cultivating Success: Youth Achievement, Capital and Civic Engagement in the Contemporary United States

Amidst current research on the positive impact of rising rates of youth civic participation, but also indications of a shift in the underlying forms of civic life and increasing socioeconomic disparities in levels of participation, the authors investigate the meaning of civic engagement from the perspective of high-school-aged youth. The authors inductively develop a typology of engagement based on in-depth interviews with a purposive stratified sample of eighty-nine high school students in a Midwestern city. The authors find that youth link civic engagement with ambition and achievement as a means to build capital in a Bourdieuian field of youth achievement. While civic engagement is informed by structural position, youth are actively involved in navigating their positions and choices. Civic engagement emerges primarily through volunteerism as youth struggle to assemble and deploy capital in the achievement field and thus compound class-based disparities in civic involvement.

Baccalaureate Attainment of College Students at 4-Year Institutions as a Function of Student Engagement Behaviors: Social and Academic Student Engagement Behaviors Matter

Vincent Tinto originally asserted, “… it is the individual’s integration into the academic and social systems of the college that most directly related to his continuance in that college” (Tinto, Review of Educational Research 45(10): 89–125, 1975), yet the rates of college degree attainment are still stagnant. Institution-level research on student engagement indicates that both types of engagement contribute to increased student persistence and degree attainment. Research has prompted going beyond institutional-level data and calls for using of nationally representative, longitudinal data to addressing engagement. Using the 2004/09 Beginning Postsecondary Students Longitudinal Study (BPS:04/09) and logistic regression, this study finds that both academic and social student engagement behaviors significantly impact degree attainment in postsecondary education net of individual and institutional factors. Interaction analysis of the two different types of engagement finds that the impact is not additive but instead is differential and dependent upon the student’s engagement typology as proposed by Coates (Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education 32(2): 121–141, 2007).