Nowadays, there are many problems in the dietary nutrition of teenagers, such as unbalanced intake of nutrition, unbalanced diet types, a lack of dietary knowledge, and unreasonable eating habits. At the same time, the problem of the sleep quality of teenagers is becoming more and more serious, so the preliminary judgment is that there is a certain relationship between dietary nutrition and the sleep quality of teenagers, and a specific analysis is carried out. After consulting the research results and data at home and abroad, this paper analyzed and discussed the relationship between dietary nutrition and the sleep quality of adolescents and clarified the influence on sleep quality from the aspects of eating pattern, eating behavior, nutrient composition, and intake frequency, as well as the direct or indirect influence of supplementing macronutrients and micronutrients on sleep. It also analyzes and discusses how to supplement dietary nutrition and improve teenagers' sleep problems, and puts forward solutions based on dietary problems to solve specific problems, supplement dietary nutrition intake, and rationally plan teenagers' eating ways.