Typical Chip Research Articles

Study of The Formulation Jicama Flour (Pachyrhizus erosus) and Wheat Flour on The Sensory Characteristics of Brownies Chips

Brownies chips is a meal made from brownies dough that is molded into thin squares and baked dry to produce chips that are easy to consume and last a long time. The aim of this research is to determine the formulation of jicama flour (Pachyrhizus erosus) and wheat flour which produces brownies chips with the best sensory properties on the attributes of color, scent, taste, texture, and overall acceptance. This research was structured in a Complete Randomized Block Design (RAKL) with six treatments and four replications. The formulation treatment of jicama flour and wheat flour consisted of 6 levels, namely T0 (0% : 100%), T1 (10% : 90%), T2 (20% : 80%), T3 (30% : 70%), T4 (40% : 60%), T5 (50% : 50%). Data were analyzed using the Bartlett test and Tukey test, followed by analysis of variance (ANARA), and the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. Based on the research results, brownies chips with a formulation of jicama flour and wheat flour that produces the best sensory results is the T4 treatment which has a sweet and distinctive chocolate taste, blackish brown color, crunchy and dense texture, and aromatic. typical brownies chips. The results of the chemical analysis of the brownies chips were water content 3.76%, ash content 2.34%, protein content 13.87%, fat content 25.61%, carbohydrate content 54.42%, crude fiber content 6.01%. and calorific value are 503.65 kcal per 100 grams. The bengkuang flour can be used as a substitute up to 40% in the manufacture of brownie chips, producing products with good sensory quality and chemical content and has the potential as an alternative healthy snack.

Damage characteristic of electronic devices caused by products generated by Al/Ep/KMnO4/TiH2 active material projectile hypervelocity impacting on aluminum target

As the space environment becomes more competitive, space offense and defense are increasing every day. Projectiles made of reactive materials can achieve highly effective target destruction due to their good penetration, ignition and detonation capabilities as the kill element in space attacks. When a spacecraft encounters a hypervelocity impact from a projectile of active material, it will have a serious impact on the surface material and internal electronics (logic chips, super-capacitors, etc.), leading to anomalies in the spacecraft's on-orbit operation. In order to study the damage characteristics of internal typical logic chips and super-capacitor modules caused by the hypervelocity impact of active material projectiles on the surface of spacecraft, the simulated satellite experiment of Al/Ep/KMnO4/TiH2 active material projectiles hypervelocity impacting on aluminum target was performed. By using the self-built experimental loading system, plasma characteristic parameter diagnosis system, radiation temperature measurement system and electronic device function detection system, the characteristic parameters of plasma, light flash radiation temperature, temperature evolution process of logic chip and super-capacitor at specific position under different impact velocities are obtained. When the damage behavior of Al/Ep/KMnO4/TiH2 active material projectile impacts on the surface of simulated satellite, the main reasons affecting electronic devices and the damage characteristics of impact products on logic chip and super-capacitor are analyzed. The experimental results show that the plasma is the main reason for interfering with the operation of logic chips and super-capacitors. When the active material projectile impacts the simulated satellite at the speed of 1.26 km/s, 1.67 km/s and 2.13 km/s, the charge and discharge time of the super-capacitor increases by 3.28 times, 4.57 times and 6 times, respectively, and the maximum operating voltage performance decreases by 12.23%, 14.44% and 18.15%, respectively. When the impact velocities are 1.67 km/s and 2.13 km/s, the output signal of the CD74HC00 chip appears transient damage due to the injection of the plasma generated by the impact, which last 0.4 ms and 1.8 ms, respectively.

Fully Screen-Printed and Gentle-to-Skin Wet ECG Electrodes with Compact Wireless Readout for Cardiac Diagnosis and Remote Monitoring.

Recent advances in electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis and monitoring have triggered a demand for smart and wearable ECG electrodes and readout systems. Here, we report the development of a fully screen-printed gentle-to-skin wet ECG electrode integrated with a scaled-down printed circuit board (PCB) packaged inside a 3D-printed antenna-on-package (AoP). All three components of the wet ECG electrode (i.e., silver nanowire-based conductive part, electrode gel, and adhesive gel) are screen-printed on a flexible plastic substrate and only require 265 times less metal for the conductive part and 176 times less ECG electrode gel than the standard commercial wet ECG electrodes. In addition, our electrically small AoP achieved a maximum read range of 142 m and offers a 4 times larger wireless communication range than the typical commercial chip antenna. The adult volunteers' study results indicated that our system recorded ECG data that correlated well with data from a commercial ECG system and electrodes. Furthermore, in the context of a 12-lead ECG diagnostic system, the fully printed wet ECG electrodes demonstrated a performance similar to that of commercially available wet ECG electrodes while being gentle on the skin. This was confirmed through a blind review method by two cardiology consultants and one family medicine consultant, validating the consistency of the diagnostic information obtained from both electrodes. In conclusion, these findings highlight the potential of fully screen-printed wet ECG electrodes for both monitoring and diagnostic purposes. These electrodes could serve as potential candidates for clinical practice, and the screen-printing method has the capability to facilitate industrial mass production.

Pilot-scale pyrolysis and activation of typical biomass chips in an interconnected dual fluidized bed: Comparison and analysis of products

A 150 kg/h novel pilot dual fluidized bed (DFB) was designed, constructed, and commissioned. In this study, six types of biomass chips were investigated and compared in interconnected pyrolysis and activation/gasification systems using dolomite as bed material, and employing steam and flue gas as activation agents. The maximum iodine and methylene blue adsorption capacities were 436.79 mg/g (pear wood char) and 203.65 mg/g (walnut wood char), respectively, indicating high adsorption capacity of char. The carbon fixation ratios were 34.70–53.75 wt%, and the maximum lower heating value of 9.34 MJ/Nm3 was achieved for pyrolysis gas with the highest CO and H2 contents of 44.30 vol% and 16.18 vol%, respectively. The maximum phenolic compounds reached 73.46% for mesquite wood chips oil. Oils collected from the riser contained fewer organic species compared to oil from pyrolyzer. Furthermore, energy efficiencies were found to range from 66.70% to 84.91%, and the total energy yields were 67.12–87.08%. The internal rate of return and payback period of the process were 33.25–44.29% and 3.0–2.2 years, respectively. Co-production of activated biochar, combustible gas, and oils from the interconnected DFB system exemplifies noteworthy environmental and economic advantages for sustainable energy practices.

Multi-Objective Design Automation for Microfluidic Capture Chips.

Microfluidic capture chips are useful for preparing or analyzing a wide range of different chemical, biological, and medical samples. A typical microfluidic capture chip contains features that capture certain targets (i.e. molecules, particles, cells) as they flow through the chip. However, creating optimal capture chip designs is difficult because of the inherent relationship between capture efficiency and flow resistance: as more capture features are added to the chip, the capture efficiency increases, but the additional features slow the flow of fluid through the chip. This paper introduces the use of multi-objective optimization to generate capture chip designs that balance the trade-off between maximizing target capture efficiency and minimizing resistance to fluid flow. Design automation for this important class of microfluidic chips has not been attempted previously. Our approach automatically produces a Pareto front of non-dominated chip designs in a reasonable amount of time, and most of these designs have comparable capture efficiency to hand-designed chips with far lower flow resistance. By choosing from the chip designs on the Pareto front, a user can obtain high capture efficiency without exceeding the flow resistance constraints of their application.

Design and Construction of a Modified SMS-Based Electronic Notice Board

This research aims to design and construct an electronic notice as an alternative to the traditional signpost parting on walls and billboards by providing practical, reliable and proper information dissemination. They consist of the following units, the power supply, voltage regulators, GSM modules, microcontroller, LED dot matrix display board, counter and subscriber identity module (SIM). The power supply comprises a 240/9 v ac 50 Hz step-down transformer rectifier filter and voltage regulations. AT89852, a low-power, high-performance CM05 8-bit microcontroller with 8 k bytes in-system programmable flash memory, is used in this design. A constant five v de is required to power microcontrollers and their associated input/output channel. GSM Modern is a wireless device that works with a GSM wireless network. The counter circuit of the device used to achieve this type of counting is the 5-stage Johnson decade counter. It is a typical chip in the 74HC555, with ten decoded outputs that go high one at a time. The assembler used for this research is MLAB version 5.7, downloaded from the microchip website. This window-based integrated development environment (IDE) software supports the PIC and other microcontrollers. The project constitutes both the software and hardware section for successful implementation. Operation more focus was given to the contribution of the system hardware. For verification of proper functionality of the message board, variation tests carry out and their results. Each component was carefully tested, and hardware troubleshooting and software debugging were carried out. The message was sent, and it appeared and started moving from left to right. In conclusion, by introducing the concept of wireless technology in communication, we can make our communication more efficient and faster with excellent efficiency, and the message can be displayed with less error and maintenance. This model can be used efficiently in establishments like colleges where in-order and special discounts can be displayed simultaneously at all branches. It is therefore recommended as a conventional model can say more than one message at a time LEDS have a limitation on size and a good number of characteristics. These can be replaced with large LED display boards, which not only catch bulb display attributes in a moving position one after another.

Reconfigurability, Why It Matters in AI Tasks Processing: A Survey of Reconfigurable AI Chips

Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, especially deep neural networks (DNNs), play an vital role in solving many problems in both academia and industry. In order to simultaneously meet the demand of performance, energy efficiency and flexibility in DNN processing, various reconfigurable AI chips have been proposed in the past several years. They are based on FPGA or CGRA platforms and have domain-specific reconfigurability to customize the computing units and data paths for different DNN tasks without re-produce the chips. This paper surveys typical reconfigurable AI chips from three reconfiguration hierarchies: processing element level, processing element array level, and chip level. Each reconfiguration hierarchy covers a set of important optimization techniques for DNN computation which are frequently adopted in real life. This paper lists the reconfigurable AI chip works in chronological order, discusses the hardware development process for each optimization techniques, and analyzes the necessity of reconfigurability in AI tasks processing. The trends of each reconfiguration hierarchy and insights about the cooperation of techniques from different hierarchies are also proposed.

Investigation of chip formation of Ti–6Al–4V in oxygen-free atmosphere

Titanium and titanium alloys have high strength at low density, good corrosion resistance and excellent biocompatibility. Therefore, the use of titanium materials is well established in high-performance applications such as aerospace and biomedical. However, titanium and titanium alloys such as Ti–6Al–4 V have low thermal conductivity, exhibit unfavorable chip formation with typical segmented chips and have high chemical affinity to surrounding elements such as oxygen. Tool wear and the properties of the component surface and sub-surface are significantly influenced by the presence of oxygen and resulting chemical interactions. Among other things, chemical reactions such as oxidation occur due to the high temperatures and presence of oxygen. In this work, the chip formation of Ti–6Al–4 V at different cutting speeds in discontinuous orthogonal cutting process under different atmospheres is investigated. A conventional air atmosphere, a pure argon atmosphere and a silane-doped atmosphere were used. The oxygen content of the silane-doped argon atmosphere corresponds to an extremely high vacuum (XHV), which is practically oxygen-free. It was found that chip formation is affected by the surrounding atmosphere. At the cutting speed vc = 80 m/min, non-periodic segmentation is present under oxygen-free atmosphere, while segmental chip formation occurs under air. This is accompanied by up to 16.5% lower feed force under inert gas atmosphere, which is due to reduced friction caused by the use of an oxygen-free atmosphere.

Effect of particle shape on biomass pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed

The effect of biomass particle shape on the conversion of beech wood during pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) was experimentally quantified. A lab-scale BFB installed on a high-precision scale was used to characterize the mass loss of the biomass particles immersed in the bed. The scale could monitor the mass loss of the beech wood particles while moving freely inside the bed, which was operated at 2.5 times the minimum fluidization velocity of the bed material employed. The tests were performed at 500 and 600 °C using beech wood particles of the same mass, but different in shape. All particles used were cylindrical in shape, with the same mass, and differing in their aspect ratio, analyzing particles from typical biomass chips to standard biomass pellets. The experimental results indicate that the velocity of pyrolysis for the different particles is proportional to the characteristic heat transfer length of the particles, with pyrolysis times ranging from 27 to 53 s for a bed temperature of 600 °C and from 43 to 85 s for a bed temperature of 500 °C. The minimum pyrolysis time was obtained for particles with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 2 mm pyrolyzing in a bed at 600 °C, whereas the maximum pyrolysis time corresponds to particles of 10 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length converting in a bed at 500 °C. Estimations of the conversion time obtained from a Shrinking Unreacted Particle Model (SUPM), assuming a constant density and reducing volume of biomass during conversion, and a Uniform Conversion Model (UCM), considering uniform volume and decreasing density of biomass along the conversion process, were compared to experimental measurements of the conversion time. Qualitative agreement was found between the experimental values and the predictions of the conversion time from the simplified models, obtaining in all cases conversion times proportional to the characteristic length of heat transfer of each particle shape.

A temperature-insensitive process corner detection circuit based on self-timing ring oscillator

A process corner detection circuit based on a self-timing ring oscillator is proposed to identify on-chip process variations. Composed of a self-timing ring oscillator with 5 stages of C-element, a counting module and a reset module, it is able to distinguish slow, typical and fast dies. Implemented in a 40 nm CMOS process with 1.2 V supply and 100 MHz frequency, it has a small area of 436 μm2 with 0.18 mW power consumption. Implemented in the foundry's test circuit and tested with probe card in foundry, the measured results show that it can distinguish slow, typical and fast chips with no overlaps between the counting results under different temperatures of −25, 25, 75 and 125 °C. It is advantageous in its insensitivity to temperature for on-chip process corner detection.

Methods of implementation and operation of hardware DRM protection on the example of printer cartridges

The subject of this paper is to analyze the way of implementation and operation of hardware DRM protection systems on the example of selected printer cartridges. Thanks to the analysis, it is possible to understand the way of operation of typical security chips used in printer cartridges. Using the knowledge gained, it becomes possible to modify the data on the security chips and thus reset the protection, so that the printer sees the chip with the modified data as a new one. However, the process itself was difficult due to the lack of publicly available materials on this topic. In this paper, different approaches to DRM security analysis have been used, so that the reader can try to perform the described steps to analyze other hardware DRM systems by himself. In addition, devices called resetters have been designed and fabricated to quickly reset the analyzed security chips. Their design and documentation is available on the author's Github.

Post-silicon nano-electronic device and its application in brain-inspired chips

As information technology is moving toward the era of big data, the traditional Von-Neumann architecture shows limitations in performance. The field of computing has already struggled with the latency and bandwidth required to access memory (“the memory wall”) and energy dissipation (“the power wall”). These challenging issues, such as “the memory bottleneck,” call for significant research investments to develop a new architecture for the next generation of computing systems. Brain-inspired computing is a new computing architecture providing a method of high energy efficiency and high real-time performance for artificial intelligence computing. Brain-inspired neural network system is based on neuron and synapse. The memristive device has been proposed as an artificial synapse for creating neuromorphic computer applications. In this study, post-silicon nano-electronic device and its application in brain-inspired chips are surveyed. First, we introduce the development of neural networks and review the current typical brain-inspired chips, including brain-inspired chips dominated by analog circuit and brain-inspired chips of the full-digital circuit, leading to the design of brain-inspired chips based on post-silicon nano-electronic device. Then, through the analysis of N kinds of post-silicon nano-electronic devices, the research progress of constructing brain-inspired chips using post-silicon nano-electronic device is expounded. Lastly, the future of building brain-inspired chips based on post-silicon nano-electronic device has been prospected.

Inovasi dan Kreativitas Usaha Keripik Singkong Ibu Imah Rosyidah di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Since the outbreak of the corona virus (Covid-19) pandemic that occurred both domestically and abroad, almost all snack food business sectors have experienced a slump. One of the businesses that is still able to survive the pandemic is the cassava chips business. Because the cassava chip business is growing day by day, it is increasingly able to adapt to the development of current tastes and trends. The flavors given by the typical cassava chips include savory and crunchy. The cassava chip business is included in the micro, small and medium enterprises during the pandemic and is currently experiencing a very significant decline. In this case, business actors operating on a medium-low scale, namely the cassava chips business run by Mrs. Imah, having her address at Pengsinan Gunung Sindur Village, Bogor, have experienced a 50% decrease in sales from the previous one. For this reason, in order to keep attracting consumers, creativity and innovation are needed in developing cassava chips business products. Community service carried out by Pamulang University Lecturers has the aim of providing assistance and assistance to micro, small and medium business actors how to create innovation and creativity from the cassava chip product. The method used in this community service is by way of observation, namely observing and direct surveys to the field. From the results of the survey, it can be concluded that this business is not supported by local government agencies, especially the cooperatives and banking services, because the capital factor is also very important for the sustainability of the business going forward. In addition, innovation and creativity factors also need to be improved continuously so that they are not abandoned by consumers. Some of these obstacles need to be given attention because they have an important role for the development of the snack food industry.

Penerapan Iptek dan Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Aneka Kerupuk dan Keripik di Desa Meteseh, Kecamatan Tembalang, Kota Semarang

The application of science and technology and improving the quality of products to develop a snack business in the business group "Various Crackers and Chips" in the village of Meteseh, Tembalang, Semarang, will have an impact on increasing the income of members of the business group. The business group "Various Crackers and Chips" in Meteseh village in producing its products, still relying on manual labor, less hygienic and less varied and innovative products produced, the benefits obtained from year to year did not experience a significant increase. As educators, they are required to play a role in helping the Government, so the business group "Various Crackers and Chips" in Meteseh village has a better standard of living.
 
 In order for the products produced by the business group "Various Crackers and Chips" in Meteseh Village to be more innovative, it is necessary to increase the knowledge and skills that can produce added value, namely learning how to process crackers and chips with a variety of flavors, with more modern equipment and proper packaging procedures so that products are more durable and in demand by the community. The equipment used to process crackers and chips, has been prepared by the Community Service Team. The equipment used in the processing of crackers and chips is as follows: Gas Stove, frying pan, chopper, oil drainer, seasoning mixer, blender, airtight press machine, plastic packaging, ingredients for making crackers and chips etc.
 
 Business groups are also given management training and help find solutions to the problems they face. Problems with the problem of partner SMEs are then referred to as a number of program solutions to solve problems in the field of improving production and marketing processes. The method applied is training and mentoring. The output produced is the emergence of " Meteseh Typical Crackers and Chips" business. The value of support from the value added production of Meteseh's unique Crackers and Chips has the potential to become a typical Semarang souvenir from Meteseh village.

Prognostic value of circulating tumor cells and immune-inflammatory cells in patients with renal cell carcinoma.

The relationships among circulating tumor cells (CTCs), inflammatory cells, and platelets in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are not transparent. We evaluated the correlations among CTCs, blood inflammatory cells, and platelets in patients with RCC and their prognostic value for metastasis-free survival. CTC and typical tumor cell chip data were collected and analyzed by the GEO database. The baseline data, survival data, CTCs data, and blood test results were statistically analyzed. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the function of the differentially expressed genes between CTCs and normal tumor cells mainly involved platelets and immune inflammation. A total of 82 patients whose follow-up time was 3 to 68 months were included in the analysis. Clinical data of the patients confirmed that there is a correlation between platelets and mesenchymal CTCs. Simultaneously, there was a correlation between immune inflammatory cells and platelets. The univariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that staging, mesenchymal CTCs, and the monocyte-to-neutrophil ratio (MNR) had prognostic value. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model indicated that staging and the MNR had prognostic value and high accuracy. Bioinformatics analysis showed that CTCs were related to platelets and immune-inflammatory cells. Furthermore, the clinical data confirmed that platelets were correlated with mesenchymal CTCs and immune-inflammatory cells in the blood. By using mesenchymal CTCs, the MNR, or staging respectively, it is possible to predict the risk of postoperative metastasis in RCC patients. As a compound prognostic factor, staging, and the MNR can provide more convenient and accurate condition monitoring.

A Batteryless RFID Sensor Architecture With Distance Ambiguity Resolution for Smart Home IoT Applications

In this article, a novel batteryless wireless sensor design is proposed and demonstrated. The proposed passive wireless sensor node integrates a ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) radio-frequency identification (RFID) chip, a filter, and a reactive sensor to enable the reading of environmental conditions wirelessly, without increasing the complexity of a typical RFID chip and substantial loss of the read range. The sensor changes the phase of the reflected RFID signal based on the sensed parameter; whereas, the filter helps in resolving any phase ambiguity that may arise due to the placement of the node at different distances. The phase change is detected at the reader using a noncoherent IQ demodulator. The design can easily integrate any type of sensors, such as temperature, humidity, and water-level sensor. A flood sensor and a temperature sensor were used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed design in a home and office environment.

Frequency‐doubled short nanosecond fiber lasers for glass drilling and grinding

AbstractWe developed a fiber laser based 515 nm single‐mode green laser with pulse width of 5 ns, peak power of greater than 20 kW, and repetition rates from 100 kHz to 500 kHz, which is suitable for glass drilling and grinding. The lithium triborate (LBO) crystal is used for second harmonic generation of 515 nm laser with efficiency of 68%. Glass drilling speed of 50 mm/s @ 0.5 mm thick glass was achieved for industrial environment continuous operation, which is equivalent to 1 s of time to drill a 4 mm diameter hole on a 2 mm thick glass. The typical chip sizes for the rear and front sides are 80 μm and 120 μm, respectively. Seven thousand holes are drilled in 24 hours in glass product line, and the success rate is larger than 99.7%. This laser glass drilling approach is rapidly accepted by glass industrial. Glass surface grinding was demonstrated by using 1 ns pulse width 515 nm lasers.

Paper based microfluidics: A forecast toward the most affordable and rapid point-of-care devices.

The microfluidic industry has evolved through years with acquired scientific knowledge from different, and already developed industries. Consequently, a wide range of materials like silicon from the electronic industry to all the way, silicone, from the chemical engineering industry, has been spotted to solve similar challenges. Although a typical microfluidic chip, fabricated from glass or polymer substrates offers definite benefits, however, paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (μPADs) possess numerous special benefits for practical implementation at a lower price. Owing to these features, in recent years, paper microfluidics has drawn immense interest from researchers in industry and academia alike. These devices have wider applications with advantages like lower cost, speedy detection, user-easiness, biocompatibility, sensitivity, and specificity etc. when compared to other microfluidic devices. Therefore, these sensitive but affordable devices fit themselves into point-of-care (POC) testing with features in demand like natural disposability, situational flexibility, and the capability to store and analyze the target at the point of requirement. Gradually, advancements in fabrication technologies, assay development techniques, and improved packaging capabilities, have contributed significantly to the real-time identification and health investigation through paper microfluidics; however, the growth has not been limited to the biomedical field; industries like electronics, energy storage and many more have expanded substantially. Here, we represent an overall state of the paper-based microfluidic technology by covering the fundamentals, working principles, different fabrication procedures, applications for various needs and then to make things more practical, the real-life scenario and practical challenges involved in launching a device into the market have been revealed. To conclude, recent contribution of μPADs in the 2020 pandemic and potential future possibilities have been reviewed.

Active Packaging System from Activated Oil Palm Shells Charcoal Shaped Sachet on Cassava Chips

Cassava chips are a type of snack that is fried and prone to rancidity if stored for a while. Cassava chips are added to the material that can adsorb gases, such as oxygen and water vapor, to reduce the occurrence of rancidity using a sachet-shaped adsorbent material. Activated charcoal is one of the gas adsorbents. Activated charcoal used is activated charcoal made from oil palm shells and activated with 20% phosphoric acid. This study aims to analyze the decrease in the quality of cassava chips with an active packaging system during storage for 30 days at 45oC. A total of 30 g cassava chips were packed with a standing pouch in polypropylene type and added activated charcoal from oil palm shells activated by 20% phosphoric acid as much as 1.5 g or 0.75 g which was packed with metalized aluminum plastic or LDPE plastic in the form of sachets. Storage of cassava chips with an active packaging system for 30 days and stored at a temperature of 45oC with a humidity of about 60% and observations are every 3 days in aroma and texture scoring test, moisture content, free fatty acid levels, fat content, and peroxide number. During storage from day 0 to day 30, the cassava chips have decreased the quality of the aroma from typical cassava chips to slightly rancid and the texture from crisp to somewhat not crisp. Moisture content, free fatty acid levels, and peroxide numbers during storage have increased. The fat content has decreasedduring storage. Based on this, cassava chips with the addition of 1.5 g activated charcoal and packaged with metalized aluminum plastic become the best active packaging system.

Evaluation of thermal control performance of phase change materials for thermal shock protection of electronics

Phase change materials have important application value in the fields of heat storage, cold storage, and thermal shock protection of electronic chips. In particular, in the field of chip thermal shock protection, phase change materials can use the solid-liquid phase change process to absorb a large amount of latent heat, thereby suppressing the temperature rise of the chip and preventing it from overheating. At present, there are mainly three types of common phase change materials: organic, inorganic and metallic phase change materials. There exists significant difference in the thermophysical properties of the three types of materials, and their thermal control performance also have their own characteristics. This paper sorts out the main thermophysical data of the three types of phase change materials. Through theoretical modeling and analysis, the thermal control performance of these materials is quantitatively evaluated and compared. For typical chip thermal shock conditions, the three types of phase change materials are compared, and their typical characteristics are intuitively displayed. The research results can serve as value reference for the development of phase change thermal control technology for chips.