Type Of Solvent Research Articles

Antiseptic Surface Based on Antibacterial Polyethylene Composites with Silver Fillers: Stability in Aqueous Solution

One method to reduce the spread of pathogens is to use clean surfaces. These have long-acting components, and their use would reduce the massive consumption of disinfectants and cleaning products. In order to ensure the safety of these surfaces in water-based systems and prevent mishandling and potential health and environmental risks, this study analyzed the stability of clean surfaces made of polyethylene with three silver compounds with different water solubility. The surfaces were subjected to erosion at 40 °C by immersing them in aqueous solutions of 3% acetic acid (w/v), 50% ethanol (v/v), and deionized water. The ionic silver release was monitored in real-time in situ via voltammetry using an Ag/S2− electrode. Analytical methods such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to elucidate the surface alteration. The plastic residue after immersion varied depending on the pH and the type of solvent used, with a higher plastic migration observed when in contact with the water-ethanol mixture. Furthermore, a correlation was identified between surface stability, oxygen composition in the antibacterial, and water solubility, influencing increased surface oxidation.

Non‐Aqueous Liquid Electrolytes for Li‐O2 Batteries

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries (LOBs) have become a research hotspot of energy storage devices because of its high theoretical energy density. Practical applications require that non‐aqueous LOBs can deliver stable and high reversible capacity, which heavily depends on the appropriate electrolyte system. Therefore, it is very important to select electrolytes that are hard to decompose and conducive to modulating the growth kinetics of discharge products. Herein, we will review the current progress and challenges of non‐aqueous liquid electrolytes for LOBs by analyzing the influence factors on electrolyte stability and introducing the design and modification methods of electrolytes with different solvent types. At last, the possible research tactics have been proposed to develop advanced electrolytes for improving electrochemical performance of LOBs.

INFLUENCE OF MACERATION,SOLVENT TYPES,AND EXTRACTION DURATIONS ON THE YIELD OF MILK THISTLE SEEDS(SILYBUM MARIANUM)EXTRACTION

The study investigated the extraction yield of defatted Silybum marianum seed samples using maceration as the sole extraction technique. Different solvent types (methanol, ethanol, and water) and extraction durations were tested. Prior to extraction, the samples were ground and defatted with n-hexane. For each combinationofsolvent type, and extraction duration, the extracted mass (g of extract/g of defatted sample) was determined. The impact of each parameter on the yield was analyzed, revealing significant effects.Results showed that water-based maceration for 4 hours yielded the highest average mass of dry extract, followed by shorter durations at 2 hours. Ethanol occasionally outperformed methanol, particularly at the 2-hour mark, but methanol consistently produced lower yields across longer extraction durations. These findings emphasize the need for careful optimization of solvent type and extraction duration to maximize extraction yield.Subsequent analysis using Tukey's HSD test revealed significant differences in dry extract mass among solvents. Water yielded the highest at 2 and 4 hours, ethanol at 4 hours, and methanol at 4 hours as well. KEYWORDS:Silybum marianum;maceration;solvent types;plant extraction,yield analysis

Influence of temperature, solvent and extraction procedure on the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of <i>Aloysia citriodora</i> Palau leaves

Introduction: The leaves of Aloysia citriodora Palau are a source of phenolic compounds that have antioxidant properties. Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of temperature, type of solvent, maceration, and ultrasound processes in the extraction of phenolic compounds from A. citriodora Palau leaves that allow for maintaining the highest antioxidant capacity. Methods: In this study, phenolic compounds were extracted from A. citriodora by two methods, maceration, and ultrasonic treatment, using water and 80% ethanol as solvents and extraction temperatures of 25 °C, 45 °C, and 65 °C. Total phenolic compounds (TPhen), total flavonoid compounds (TFlav), and antioxidant capacity, evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assay, were characterized and reported as inhibition concentration (IC50). Results: The highest CPhen content was obtained with ethanolic extract using the ultrasonic method at 65 °C, with a value of 15.32 mg EAG/mL at 65 °C. For TFlav, the highest value was obtained with the ultrasonic treatment at 45 °C using ethanol as solvent, obtaining a value of 6.52 mg EQ/mL. The best antioxidant capacity was shown by the sonication with ethanol at 65 and 45 °C, with IC50 values of 27.10 µg/mL and 20.40 µg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Ultrasound extraction at higher temperatures (45°C and 65°C) proved more effective than maceration, yielding greater amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds and exhibiting better antioxidant capacity.”. Keywords: Aloysia citrodora, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, inhibitory concentration IC50.

Solid‐Solid Phase Transformation Behavior of ϵ‐CL‐20 Induced by Typical Organic Solvents: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

AbstractThe solid‐solid phase transformation of ϵ‐CL‐20 induced by external conditions is one of the bottlenecks limiting the widespread applications of CL‐20‐based energetic materials. Herein, we report the investigation on the influence of solvent polarity on ϵ‐CL‐20 solid‐solid phase transformation behavior both theoretically and experimentally. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation was performed to evaluate the possibility of ϵ‐CL‐20 phase transformation induced by organic solvent molecules from the perspective of ϵ‐CL‐20 electronic structure and molecular structure variations. Additionally, experimental study of ϵ‐CL‐20 phase transformation induced by 1,2‐dichloroethane, ethanol, and methanol gas environment was conducted. Solvent with higher polarity was confirmed to significantly vary molecular surface electrostatic potential and molecular conformation of ϵ‐CL‐20 molecule. Furthermore, ϵ‐CL‐20 critical phase transformation temperature decreased when using inducing solvent with higher polarity. And the observed maximum phase transformation rate was the one induced by the highest polarity solvent. A four‐parameter model was established to describe the phase transformation process as a function of time based on the experimental results. Possible ϵ‐CL‐20 solid‐solid phase transformation mechanism was proposed. Hopefully, these results will be beneficial for the rational preparation and utilization of CL‐20‐based energetic materials.

Efficient recovery of Pd(II) from nuclear wastewater using a functionalized covalent organic frameworks with uniform spherical structure: Size control, performance and mechanism insight

The efficient recovery of palladium from the spent nuclear fuel was of great significance to the sustainable development of nuclear energy. Herein, the uniform spherical COFs were constructed by a facile approach at room temperature, which were further surface functionalized by a thiol-ene “click” reaction to recover Pd(II). Microscopic and spectroscopic studies manifested that the formation mechanism and size of spherical COFs were greatly affected by the amount of catalyst and solvent type. The TAPB-BPTA-DTT and TAPB-BPTA-S-β-CD exhibited high Pd(II) recovery efficiency due to the introduction of sulfhydryl groups, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 489.3 and 234.3 mg/g, respectively. Meanwhile, the water environmental condition played an important role in the separation process, and the classical adsorption models demonstrated that monolayer chemisorption was the dominant removal mechanism. Mechanism analysis showed that the excellent adsorption performance was mainly attributed to the electrostatic interaction, physical absorption and chelation of N, O, and S groups with Pd(II). Thus, it is expected that this work could provide more insight into COFs materials, thereby promoting palladium removal advancements in the spent nuclear fuel.

Optimizing the Precipitation of Bioactive Compounds From Extracted Curcuma longa Linn. Using Gas Anti‐Solvent Process

ABSTRACTTurmeric is a medicinal herb that can be used in a wide range of applications, such as food ingredients, cosmetics, and traditional medicine. The active ingredients found in turmeric are curcumin (CUR), desmethoxycurcumin (DMC), and bisdesmethoxycurcumin (BMDC). The aim of this research was to precipitate the active ingredients from a turmeric extract using the gas anti‐solvent process with carbon dioxide as the anti‐solvent. The effects of solvent type (ethanol, methanol, and acetonitrile), precipitation temperature (25°C–45°C), and CO2 flow rate (4–12 mL/min) on the amount of precipitates were investigated using the Box–Behnken design of experiments. The precipitates were analyzed for curcuminoids and CUR content using HPLC and were tested for antioxidant activity. It was found that solvent type and temperature were significant variables at a 5% significance level on the amount of precipitates. Using a mixture of ethanol and methanol (77.5% v/v ethanol) with a polarity index of 4.48 as the solvent, a precipitation temperature of 25.40°C, and a CO2 flow rate of 7.56 mL/min was found to be the optimal conditions for achieving the highest amount of precipitates. At the optimal conditions, the amounts of curcuminoids and CUR precipitates were found to be 27.33 ± 0.23 and 13.30 ± 0.12 mg/5 mL of extracted solution, respectively. In the antioxidant studies, the Trolox equivalents found in the products at the optimal conditions using DPPH and ABTS assays were 38.19 ± 0.17 and 65.96 ± 2.36 mg/5 mL of extracted solution, respectively. The total phenolic content was found to be 30.84 ± 1.80 mg/5 mL of extracted solution.

Metal organic frameworks derived core-shell structured C@TiC nanocomposites with excellent microwave absorption performance

With aim to prepare nano-microwave absorption material with excellent microwave absorption performance, core-shell structured C@TiC nanocomposites with tunable nanostructures and morphologies were successfully synthesized through one-step pyrolysis of the Ti-based MOFs precursors at a low temperature. Effects of various metal/linker ratio, solvent types and Hacac addition on the microstructures and properties of the C@TiC nanocomposites were thoroughly investigated, demonstrating that the TiC core-C shell structure could be effectively tailored. Compared to pure TiC nanoparticles, the C@TiC nanocomposites exhibited significantly improved microwave absorption performance, including the stronger RL peak of -35.64 dB (10.72 GHz) at 2.4 mm thicknesses and the enhanced effective microwave wave absorption width (EAB, RL≤-10 dB) spanning the entire C-band and X-band, which is ascribed to the better impedance matching and richer microwave loss mechanisms. As a result, C@TiC nanocomposites show great potential to be applied as absorbers with strong microwave absorption and wide absorption bandwidth.

Bioinspired superhydrophobic polysulfone foams with micro/nano hierarchical structures for highly efficient solar-assisted cleanup of viscous crude oil

Three-dimensional (3D) superhydrophobic/superoleophilic foams are promising candidates for swiftly and continuously separating immiscible and emulsified oil–water mixtures, but still need further study to fully improve their comprehensive performance, especially for viscous oils. This work designed and prepared superhydrophobic core–shell polydopamine nanoparticles modified polysulfone foams (denoted as SPP foams) with hierarchical micro/nano-structures, which exhibited robust super-wetting property (θwater = 163.1°, θoil = 0°). Immiscible oil–water compounds and water-in-oil emulsions could be continuously separated by the SPP foams with separation efficiencies higher than 99 %. The SPP foams showed high absorption capacity towards different types of oils and organic solvents (between 20 and 30 times of self-weight). The SPP foams also exhibited excellent self-cleaning ability, resistance to strong acids and alkalis, and long-term reusability. Through the integration of polydopamine, the foams achieved prompt photothermal conversion (the surface temperature could be increased to 80.7 °C in 1 min under 1 sun), and the generated heat could noticeably decrease the viscosity of crude oil, realizing efficient recovery of vicious crude oil. This study made progress in superhydrophobic/superoleophilic absorbent fabrication and the obtained SPP foams had great potential in treating oil spills especially in the aspect of solar-assisted cleanup of viscous oils.

Development of “water-lean” solvent-based air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction; application in the extraction of some phenolic compounds from water and wastewater samples prior to GC-FID analysis

In the present study, an efficient, robust, and reliable air–assisted liquid–liquid microextraction procedure was introduced based on a “water-lean” solvents for the extraction and preconcentration of phenolic compounds from spring water and petrochemical, Songun mine, and municipal wastewater samples. For this purpose, various hydrophobic water-lean solvents composed of organic solvents consisting of carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, and chloroform with amines including n-butylamine, di-n-butylamine, iso-propylamine, n-hexylamine, diethylamine, pyridine, aniline, toluidine, and benzylamine) were prepared and they were used as the new extraction media. The selected compounds (phenol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 4- chlorophenol, o-cresol, 2-nitrophenol, and 2-nitroso-1-naphthol) were extracted from sample solution containing sodium chloride (5 %, w/v) using 200 µL of a water-lean solvent composed of dichloromethane: butylamine (1:1) by performing the sucking/injection cycles for four times. The effect of several parameters on the extraction efficiency of the method, consisting of type and volume of water-lean solvent, extraction numbers, pH, and ionic strength, were examined and optimized by “one-variable-at-one-time” strategy. High enrichment factors (315–420), respectable extraction recoveries (63–84 %), low limits of detection (0.23–0.56 ng mL−1) and quantification (0.77–1.86 ng mL−1), and broad linearity of the calibration curve (1.86–500 ng mL−1) demonstrated satisfactory performance of the present approach. The relative standard deviation for the extraction of 50 and 100 ng mL−1 of each phenol (n = 6) were ≤ 6.3 % for intra- and inter-day precisions. Eventually, the proposed method was efficaciously performed for extraction and determination of the selected analytes in various water and wastewater samples and phenol and 4-chlorophenol were found in the samples at ng mL−1 level.

Ekstraksi Komponen Fenolat dari Liang Teh Pontianak Perisa Jahe Secara Partisi

Liang Teh Pontianak (LTP) is one of the beverages traditionally consumed as a functional drink. Liang teh is an herbal drink composed of various plant ingredients including secang stem bark, muje leaves, nanas kerang leaves, oregano leaves, pandan leaves, and lidah buaya mid rib, which known for their medicinal and health benefits. The aim of this study was to identify the phenolic components of ginger-flavored LTP through partition extraction. The plant materials were processed into powder and formulated to a total of 21 grams, consisting of 10 g of muje leaves, 1 g of oregano leaves, 1 g of aloe vera mid rib, 2.5 g of nanas kerang leaves, 4.5 g of secang stem bark, 1 g of pandan leaves, and 1 g of ginger as the tea flavor. The mixture of Liang teh powder then partitioned using various solvents in order of increasing polarity, namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, 70:30 methanol-water (v/v) mixture, and water. The research results showed that extracts from all solvent types contained alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The highest yield was obtained from the ethanol extract (6.10±0.35) %, while the highest antioxidant activity was found in the methanol extract (84.43±1.38) %.

Thiol‐Ene Coupling Reaction for Functionalization of Non‐Activated Alkenes: An Experimental Study on the Chemistry of the Methyl Oleate Amination

AbstractThis work investigates the functionalization of molecules with non‐activated internal double bonds via thiol‐ene coupling (TEC) reaction. A comprehensive study of the reaction between cysteamine hydrochloride (CAHC) and methyl oleate (MO) was carried out. A series of reactions were conducted under different operating conditions in order to assess their effect on conversion and selectivity. Different conditions were considered like the type of atmospheres and solvents, a portionwise addition of CAHC, reagents concentrations, and excess of CAHC. Maximum conversion and selectivity were reached under inert atmosphere, diluted conditions, ethanol as solvent, and the addition of CAHC at the beginning of the reaction with a molar ratio of CAHC/MO of 3/1. This provides an approach for analyzing more complex reaction systems.

Green solvents assisted de-novo synthesis and defect-engineered UiO-66 for improved CO2 adsorption and kinetics- experimental and DFT approach

The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is increasing at an alarming rate, which is causing distress to human society and the natural environment. Adsorption is one of the most widely used methods of removing CO2 from flue gases, which reduces its adverse effects on our environment. For adsorption purposes, a facile green solvent-assisted de-novo synthesis approach was developed to construct a UiO-66′s structure to target CO2 at low pressure due to the partial pressure of CO2 in flue gases in the atmosphere (0.01⁓0.02 MPa). In the de-novo synthesis approach, a combination of various types of modulators and deep eutectic solvents (DES) are utilized to graft structural defects and induce quantitative and dispersive deep eutectic solvents onto the UiO-66 structure, respectively. The green solvent-assisted de-novo synthesis approach helped to tune all three structural parameters and preserve extra open metal sites (Lewis acid and Bronsted basis sites) with active NH2 and OH groups for improved CO2 adsorption and kinetics under flue gas conditions (CO2/N2=15/85 %). In comparison to the parent UiO-66, de-novo synthesized ChClPropx5@UiO-66 showed increased CO2 uptake (65.04 mg g-1) by 73 % at 0.15 bar and 25 °C, and the cyclic capacity remained almost similar over 10 consecutive cycles with an almost 94 % retention rate. After 3 times of regeneration at 105 °C under N2 atmosphere, the sample reserved almost similar adsorption capacity and could be recycled without dropping CO2 uptake. The strong and rapid interaction between guest CO2 and de-novo synthesized UiO-66 was confirmed by pseudo-first-order and second-order kinetics with reaction rate constants of 0.00026 and 0.00259, respectively. Furthermore, through periodic Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, a variety of linker defects are engineered onto the UiO-66 structure to preserve more open metal sites. For each of the engineering defects, free energies, adsorption energies, and the interaction of CO2 molecules on defect structures with bond length (Ɩ, Å) and bond angle (θ˚) are calculated for the most stable structures of UiO-66.

Synthesis and characterization of novel electrospun nanofibers based on taro starch: influence of solvent and isolation agent on morphology and diameter

AbstractThe utilization of natural polymers in producing electrospun nanofibers has received significant attention due to their biocompatibility, sustainability and diverse range of applications. This research focuses on synthesizing electrospun nanofibers derived from taro starch isolated from tubers. The investigation utilized SEM to examine the structure and size of the electrospun nanofibers. Formic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide solvents were tested to determine the most efficient solvent system for synthesizing taro starch nanofibers. The results demonstrated that the taro starch nanofibers can be effectively synthesized when using formic acid as the primary solvent. The study also investigated the impact of altering the volumetric ratio of formic acid to water on nanofiber morphology and size, finding that a lower formic acid fraction produced smooth fibers while a higher fraction resulted in fused fibers. The electrospinnability was further evaluated by comparing the effects of different isolation agents—distilled water and sodium metabisulfite—during the isolation process. The isolation agent significantly affected the fiber diameter, with notable differences observed in the smoothness of taro starch nanofibers at starch solution concentrations of 13, 15 and 17 wt%. Overall, the results of the study showed that the formation of taro starch fibers was influenced by the type of solvent, the volume fraction of the solvent to water, and the starch isolation agent. Successful fabrication of nanofibers from taro starch and its optimization parameters can contribute to the development of environmentally friendly nanofiber materials and offer a variety of applications in biomedicine, food and environmental engineering, such as tissue engineering, wound dressing, drug delivery, functional food delivery and food packaging. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Synergistic effect of antibiotics, α-linolenic acid and solvent type against Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation.

A promising approach to the treatment of bacterial infections involves inhibiting the quorum sensing (QS) mechanism to prevent the formation and growth of bacterial biofilm. While antibiotics are used to kill remaining bacteria, QS inhibitors (QSIs) allow for antibiotic doses to be reduced. This study focuses on evaluating the synergy between gentamicin sulphate (GEN), tobramycin (TOB), or azithromycin (AZM) with linolenic acid (LNA) against the formation of an early Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) was determined using the resazurin reduction assay for all antibiotics and LNA. The reduction of biofilm mass was assessed using the crystal violet (CV) assay. We have also evaluated the effect of dimethyl sulfoxide with TWEEN (DMSO_T) on early biofilm formation. Synergy was determined by metabolic activity assay and fractional biofilm inhibitory concentration (FBIC). DMSO_T at a concentration of 1% enhanced early biofilm formation, but also decreased the doses of antibiotic needed to reduce the biofilm by up to 8 times. Adding LNA at a concentration of 32µg/ml or 64µg/ml allowed up to a 32-fold reduction of antibiotic doses for GEN and TOB and a 4-fold reduction for AZM. LNA's use in combination with various antibiotics could reduce their doses and help fight drug-resistant bacteria in the biofilm.

Solvent Choice during Flow Assembly of Photocross-Linked Single-Chain Nanoparticles and Micelles Affects Cellular Uptake.

Polymeric micelles have widely been used as drug delivery carriers, and recently, single-chain nanoparticles (SCNPs) emerged as potential, smaller-sized, alternatives. In this work, we are comparing both NPs side by side and evaluate their ability to be internalized by breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and macrophages (RAW 264.7). To be able to generate these NPs on demand, the polymers were assembled by flow, followed by the stabilization of the structures by photocross-linking using blue light. The central aim of this work is to evaluate how the type of solvent affects self-assembly and ultimately the structure of the final NP. Therefore, a library of copolymers with different sequences, including block copolymers (AB, ABA, BAB), and statistical copolymers (rAB and rAC) was synthesized using PET-RAFT with A denoting poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEGMEA), B as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and C as 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (HBA). The polymers were conjugated with a quinoline derivative to enable the formation of cross-linked structures by photocross-linking during flow assembly. Using water as the dispersant for photocross-linking led to the preassembly of these amphiphilic polymers into compact SCNPs and cross-linked micelles, resulting in a quick photoreaction. In contrast, acetonitrile led to fully dissolved polymers but a low rate of the photoreaction. These intramolecularly cross-linked polymers were then placed in water to result in more dynamic micelles and looser SCNPs. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) coupled with a viscosity detector show that cross-linking in acetonitrile results in better-defined NPs with a shell rich in PEGMEA. Cross-linking in acetonitrile led to NPs with significantly higher cellular uptake. Interestingly, passive transport was identified as the main pathway for the delivery of our NPs on MCF-7 cells, confirmed by the uptake of NPs on cells treated with inhibitors and by red blood cells. This work underscored the importance of the polymer precursor's structure and the choice of solvent during intramolecular cross-linking in determining the drug delivery efficiency and biological behavior of SCNPs.

A review of recent developments in the design of electrolytes and solid electrolyte interphase for lithium metal batteries

AbstractLithium metal batteries offer a promising solution for high density energy storage due to their high theoretical capacity and negative electrochemical potential. However, implementing of these batteries faces challenges related to electrolyte instability and the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the lithium (Li) metal anode. The decomposition of liquid electrolytes leading to the creation of the SEI emphasizes the significance of the type of Li salt, solvent, and additives designed and used, as well as their interactions during the formation of the SEI. For practical applications, ensuring both the reversibility of the Li metal anode and electrolyte stability at high voltages is crucial. In this review, we explore recent advancements in addressing these challenges through new designs of electrolytes and SEI engineering practices. Specifically, we investigate the effects of electrolyte systems, including carbonate‐based and ether‐based solutions, along with modifications to these electrolyte systems aimed at achieving a more stable interface with the Li metal anode. Additionally, we discuss various artificial SEI structures based on organic and inorganic components. By critically examining recent research in these areas, this review provides valuable insights into current state‐of‐the‐art strategies for enhancing the performance and safety of Li metal batteries.image

Rod‐Like Microcrystal Scintillators Based on Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Copper Halides for X‐Ray Imaging

AbstractCopper‐based organic–inorganic hybrid halides (OIHHs) have garnered significant interest in X‐ray imaging due to their flexible structural adjustability, efficient light emission, strong X‐ray absorption, etc. Herein, four copper‐based OIHH crystals composed of the same organic ligands (isopropyl triphenylphosphonium cations, IPP+) and inorganic parts (Cu2I42−) are synthesized by varying the ratios of raw materials and types of reaction solvents. Although these crystals share identical structures, they exhibit different luminescent behaviors (blue, green, white, and yellow) attributed to vacancy defects originating from CuI. Notably, the novel copper‐based OIHH (CP2) with green emission shows the best luminescence efficiency (99.54%) and excellent scintillation performance (50675 photons MeV−1). The traditional technology of scintillation screens mixing scintillator powders and polymers often results in light scattering due to powder aggregation and inhomogeneity. To address this challenge, the dispersant polyvinyl pyrrolidone is introduced to prepare uniform rod‐like microcrystals of CP2. The scintillation screen based on CP2 microcrystals achieves a high spatial resolution of 16–18 lp mm−1, surpassing the resolution of most copper‐based OIHH scintillators. Furthermore, it is imaging capabilities are validated using a commercial X‐ray flat panel detector, demonstrating imaging performance comparable to that of commercial scintillators.

The Stability Challenge of Furanic Platform Chemicals in Acidic and Basic Conditions.

The transition toward renewable resources is pivotal for the sustainability of the chemical industry, making the exploration of biobased furanic platform chemicals derived from plant biomass of paramount importance. These compounds, promising alternatives to petroleum-derived aromatics, face challenges in terms of stability under synthetic conditions, limiting their practical application in the fuel, chemical, and pharmaceutical sectors. Our study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the stability of furan derivatives in various solvents and under different conditions, addressing the significant challenge of their instability. Through systematic experiments involving GC‒MS, NMR, FT‒IR and SEM analyses, we identified key degradation pathways and conditions that either promote stability or lead to undesirable degradation products. These findings demonstrate the strong stabilizing effect of polar aprotic solvents, especially DMF, and reveal the dependence of furan stability on solvent and additive type. This research opens new avenues in the utilization of renewable furans by providing critical insights into their behavior under synthetic conditions, significantly impacting the development of sustainable materials and processes. The broad appeal of this study lies in its potential to guide the selection of conditions for the efficient and sustainable synthesis of furan-based chemicals, marking a significant advance in green chemistry and materials science.

Nutshell Materials as a Potential Eco-Friendly Biosorbent for the Effective Extraction of UV Filters and Parabens from Water Samples.

UV filters and parabens, as ingredients of cosmetics, are commonly occurring water pollutants. In our work, nutshells were used as biosorbents in the developed analytical procedure for the determination of UV filters and parabens in water samples. The shells obtained from walnuts, hazelnuts, peanuts and pistachios were applied as biosorbents. The proposed analytical method can be used as a powerful alternative to other methods for the analysis of UV filters and parabens in water samples. A method of carrying out the sorption step and its parameters, i.e., the effect of time, pH, and salt addition, was developed. A method for the desorption of analytes was also developed, in which the type and volume of solvent, and the desorption time, were established. The recoveries were in the range of 59-117% for benzophenones and lower recoveries from 14 to 75% for parabens. The results showed that nutshells can be used as low-cost, efficient and eco-friendly biosorbents for the determination of parabens and UV filters in water samples. These materials can be used as a 'greener' replacement for the commercially available adsorbents for the extraction of cosmetic ingredients from the environment.