Types Of Shear Connectors Research Articles

Composite Design with Lightweight Aggregates on Building Projects

Composite design using concrete slabs, steel beams and girders with various types of shear connectors has been used with some limitations for the past thirty or thirty-five years. Most of the applications of composite construction have been for highway bridge construction and only since the late 1940s and early 1950s has its application been accelerated in the building field. Increasing use of ultimate strength design methods, development of various types of shear connectors, and extensive research in composite design in the past twelve years has advanced this type of construction and has allowed the structural designer to justify savings over conventional elastic and non-composite techniques. This paper centers itself around building projects using composite design with a type of concrete that is unusual since it is lightweight with densities ranging from 90 to 110 pcf instead of the normal density of 150 pcf. This type of concrete has structural characteristics and physical properties similar to normal weight concrete.

Composite Beams of Steel and Lightweight Concrete

Since publication of the 1961 AISC Specification, interest in composite design has grown. Concurrent with this growth in interest has been the development of new types of shear connectors and the use of composite design with lightweight concrete floor slabs. Data from tests on lightweight aggregate concrete composite beams was not available in 1961 when the current AISC Specification was developed. Since that time tests have been run on beams with lightweight concrete, with satisfactory results. This paper has a twofold purpose: to discuss a general method of evaluating composite beam tests, and to review the data on the effectiveness of shear connectors in lightweight concrete composite beams.