Type Of Research Design Research Articles

Efektivitas Komposting Limbah Padat Serai Wangi Dengan Menggunakan EM4 dan Mikro Organisme Lokal (Nasi Basi dan Serai Wangi)

Unused citronella solid waste can disturb the view and has the potential to pollute the environment, a solution that can be done is to process citronella solid waste into compost. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of composting citronella solid waste using EM4 and local micro-organisms (stale rice and citronella). This type of experimental research and research design is a one- shot case study. By using EM4, moles of stale rice, moles of citronella and carried out 3 repetitions and obtained 9 samples. Collecting data by observing, measuring and laboratory tests. Data analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis test. As for the results of data analysis, namely the p value on NPK is > 0.05, then the NPK in citronella solid waste compost using EM4, MOL of stale rice and MOL of citronella there is no significant difference. Laboratory results on citronella solid waste compost with EM4, MOL of stale rice and MOL of citronella produce Nitrogen and C/N values that do not meet the requirements of SNI 19-7030-2004. Composting citronella solid waste using EM4 and Local Micro-Organisms (stale rice and citronella) is not effective because at the end of composting it produces a low Nitrogen value and a high C/N rasio

The Digital Transformation of Diplomacy: Implications for the African Union

The digital transformation of diplomacy is a rapidly evolving process that is having a profound impact on the way countries interact with each other. The African Union (AU) is no exception, and the digital transformation of diplomacy is presenting the AU with both opportunities and challenges. The study therefore examines the digital transformation of diplomacy with particular reference to its impacts for the African Union. To achieve this, a literature review type of research design was adopted, while the related literature, texts, books, articles and journals were used as source of data collection and analysis. The study observes that the African continent lags behind other regions in its digital development, yet there are opportunities for digital diplomacy to promote peace and security in Africa. Recommendations were made on how the AU can maximize the benefits of digital transformation and minimize the risks, which invariably will help the AU to achieve its goals of unity and integration and to play a more effective role in the global arena.

Correlation Between Parity And Mother's Employment With Exclusive Breast Feeding To Infants In Sidomulyo And Roworejo Villages, Working Area Of UPT Puskesmas Roworejo

Only 44% of infants worldwide are nursed during the first hour of birth, according to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), and only a few babies younger than 6 months are still exclusively breastfed. A pre-survey at the Roworejo Public Health Center revealed that in 2020, 37,96% of babies aged 0 to 6 months were exclusively breastfed. In 2021, 39,74% of babies were breastfed exclusively.The research objective was to determine the correlation between parity and mother's occupation with exclusive breastfeeding to babies in Sidomulyo and Roworejo Villages in the working area of Roworejo Public Health Center 2022. The type of research design was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. The samples taken were 81 mothers with an accidental sampling technique. The measuring instrument used was a checklist sheet and bivariate analysis using the Chi-Square. The results showed that p-value = 1,000 there was no correlation between maternal parity and exclusive breastfeeding in Sidomulyo and Roworejo Villages. Then, there was a correlation between the mother's occupation and exclusive breastfeeding in Sidomulyo and Roworejo Villages in the working area of Roworejo Public Health Centre 2022 with a p-value = 0,013. The results of this research are expected for the Roworejo Public Health Centre to provide health education to working mothers about exclusive breastfeeding.

Pengaruh Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Monopoli Petualangan Nusantara terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa dalam Mata Pelajaran IPS Kelas V di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Timbang

This study aims to: (1) To find out the application of archipelago adventure monopoly learning media to students' learning motivation in social studies subjects in class V at SD Negeri Timbang. (2) To find out the effectiveness of the application of archipelago adventure monopoly learning media on student learning motivation in social studies class V at SD Negeri Timbang. (3) To find out the effect of the application of archipelago adventure monopoly learning media on students' learning motivation in social studies class V at SD Negeri Timbang. This study uses a Quasi Experimental Design research type. The research design used is True experimental design. This design is a type of research design that belongs to the Posttest-Only Control Design approach. In this study, the population was all fifth grade students at SD Negeri Timbang, Cigandamekar sub-district, while for the sample, there were 21 class Va students and 22 class Vb students. The average posttest result in the control class (Va) was 69. And the average score in the experiment class 86 which experienced an increase of 12.05. Based on the results of calculations using SPSS 29.00, it is known that the value of Tcount (3.111) > Ttable (2.073) and a significance value of 0.003 <0.05, it can be concluded that the variable influence of Monopoly Media Adventures of the Archipelago (X) affects students' learning motivation in social studies class V at SD Negeri Tambang Cigandamekar, Kuningan.

Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Time Token terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas V pada Pembelajaran Tematik di Sekolah Dasar Negeri 3 Ciherang

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying the time token learning model on student learning motivation: (1) How to apply the time token learning model for class v students of Elementary School Negri 3 Ciherang? (2) How is the learning motivation before and after the implementation of the time token learning model on students' learning motivation in thematic learning class v of Elementary School 3 Ciherang? (3) Is there a significant effect of the time token learning model on learning motivation in thematic learning class v of Elementary School 3 Ciherang? This study uses a type of quantitative research with an experimental method with a pre-experimental research design type one group pretest-posttest design. In this study, the population was all children at SD Negeri 3 Ciherang, Kadugede District, for the research sample, namely all students in class V, totaling 32 students. The average result of the pretest was 71.87, after the pretest was carried out then given treatment using the time token learning model to increase student learning motivation in thematic learning, during the treatment there was an increase as seen from the posttest results where the average was 79, 15. Based on the calculated t value of the SPPSS results of (4,593) and t table, a value of (2,036) is obtained so that tcount < ttable, then Ho is rejected, then Ha is accepted and the results are significant, namely the significant value is less than 0.05, namely sig. (0.00) < 0.05 so that Ho is rejected, then Ha is accepted, which means the use of the time token learning model affects the learning motivation of fifth grade students in thematic learning.

PERBEDAAN KEMANDIRIAN SIKAP ANTARA ANAK SULUNG DAN BUNGSU

This study aims to determine differences in attitude independence between the eldest and youngest children in grades IV, V and VI of SDN Gunung Batu 1, West Bogor District, Bogor City. This type of research design is descriptive quantitative through a questionnaire survey research method (questionnaire) with a total of 38 statement items. The population of this study were all students in grades IV, V and VI with a sample of 110 students divided into two, namely 55 eldest children and 55 youngest children. Samples were obtained using the Sample Random Sampling technique. For the independent variable, the mean score for the independence of the eldest child was 151.44 with the acquisition of the trend test by 31 students (56.4%) and the mean score for the independence of the youngest child was 157.33 and the acquisition of the trend test by 35 students (63.6%). Based on the results of this study, it was found that Ho was accepted because tcount (-1.64) < ttable (1.98) which showed that Ha was rejected. Thus, it can be concluded that there is no difference in attitude independence between the eldest and youngest children.

The kite project to improve junior high school students’ numeracy

This research occurred to improve students' numeracy skills. To help students acquire these skills, develop learning projects through a STEAM approach using kite-making and collaborative learning projects. Design collaborative learning projects using a STEAM approach to assist students in acquiring these skills. This study's primary purpose is to create kites to aid junior high school students in addressing problems concerning PLSV and the kite area. This study applies a design research type of validation study. The data collection technique used is using images, products, and review documents for data collecting. The research participants were 30 seventh-grade (Phase D) junior high school students in Palembang. This study developed a learning trajectory that includes three exercises and post-test questions. Students can investigate and address issues associated with kite construction using PLSV materials. In the second activity, students can create kites and estimate their area based on their kite-making skills. After the kite is built, students fly a kite and study it. Students can improve their numeracy abilities through project-based learning employing STEAM in the context of kite creation, as demonstrated by the findings of this study. This knowledge aids them in overcoming obstacles associated with PLSV content and expands kite-making.

The effect of yoga and zumba exercises in increasing VO2 max

Background: Someone with a healthy and fit body is likely to be able to do a high level of physical activity. Physical exercise can improve physical fitness and has an important element, cardiorespiratory endurance. One way to measure cardiorespiratory endurance is by measuring the maximum volume of oxygen consumption, called VO2 max.
 Methods: This type of research uses a quasi-experimental type, namely two pre-and post-test design research groups. The type of quasi-experimental research design uses two groups of subjects, namely group A, who are given yoga exercises, and group B, who are given zumba exercises, with a total of 30 respondents. The cardiorespiratory endurance was measured with the beep test.
 Results: Based on the paired sample t-test, the San Zumba yoga group had a result of p<0.05. Whereas in the independent sample T-Test test, the results of p<0.05, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in the increase in the yoga and zumba groups.
 Conclusion: There are differences in the effect of giving yoga and zumba exercises on increasing VO2 max values.

Analysis of Successful Millet FPOs: An Exploratory Study in the Southern States

Aims: In India agriculture is the primary livelihood for small & marginal farmers and they are facing various challenges throughout the agricultural value chain from seed to delivering the final produce to consumer plate. To improve the fragmented supply chain and to support small & marginal farmers government has taken an initiative of Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs). FPOs are an important component of the government's efforts to support farmers and to address the challenges they face in the agricultural sector. FPOs also create a platform for peer learning, building social capital, and fostering a sense of community among millet farmers
 Study Design: Action type of research design.
 Place and Duration of Study: ICAR-IIMR, Hyderabad during 2022.
 Methodology: ICAR-IIMR is acting as CBBO to 41 millet FPOs in four states of which, Six FPOs distributed in Telangana (3) and Karnataka (3) were selected randomly for the present study which were implemented by NABARD, SFAC, NCDC and WDD. Action research design was used for collecting the data from millet farmers with the help of interview schedule. Problems faced by the FPOs in particular and farmers in general were analyzed in this study.
 Results: ICAR-IIMR developed business models to its FPOs based on the regional context and with available resources. The success of FPOs requires assessing multiple factors and considering both quantitative and qualitative indicators. The experiences shared by millet FPOs will positively influence millet farming communities and contribute to the growth of millet cultivation. Establishing reliable market linkages, primary processing units and promoting value addition are crucial for the success of millet FPOs.
 Conclusion: From the study it could be concluded that models and practices of successful FPOs may be replicated or scaled up in other regions, contributing to the broader promotion of millet farming and the formation of additional millet FPOs.

The Influence of the Sociodrama Method on the Speaking Ability of Grade V Students of SDN 1 Gerung Utara for the 2022/2023 Academic Year

This study aims to determine the influence of the socio-drama method on the speaking ability of grade V students of SDN 1 Gerung Utara for the 2022/2023 school year. This type of research is Quasi Experimental Design research type Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study was all grade V students of SDN 1 Gerung Utara. The sampling technique used was saturated sampling with a sample of 27 students of class V A as a control class and 28 students of class V B as an experimental class. Data collection techniques in this study are tests (pre-test and post-test) and observation. The researchers' data was analyzed with the help of SPSS. 16. The researcher hypothesis examiner uses the calculation of the Independent Test Sample Test. The results showed the intention of sig. (2-tailed) 0.001 < 0.05, then H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted or there is a significant influence with the socio-drama method on the speaking ability of grade V students of SDN 1 Gerung Utara for the 2022/2023 school year.

Contributions, limitations, and challenges of self-regulated learning in the educational context

Self-regulated learning is an important multidimensional construct in contemporary Educational Psychology, since it encompasses several dimensions essential to strategic learning. It has received increased attention from researchers and educators. In this sense, this article aims to reflect upon the contributions, limitations, and challenges of this theoretical framework in educational contexts in Brazil, Portugal, and the United States. More precisely, it aims to identify its main authors, areas, variables, and most researched domains. It also intends to characterize the main types of research designs, the most used instruments, the impact of the theme on publications and on the organization of events, as well as to examine its current challenges and future paths. We hope to contribute to a better understanding of self-regulated learning in different cultures, as well as to make useful considerations that can guide pedagogical practices and formative actions in Education.

A fliped classroom experience to analyze language interaction in a group of students of English as a foreign language

This paper reports a research project carried out with eighth graders at the Pierre de Fermat School in Bogotá. The main objective was to analyze how this EFL group put into evidence language interaction through a flipped classroom experience in a blended learning environment. The type of research design was action research and the instruments used to collect data were video recordings, students’ production tasks in a virtual environment and a journal. Considering the data gathered, this research attempted to evidence how eighth graders, by participating in activities based on task-based instruction, interacted in the language classroom and beyond it within a virtual environment. The findings suggest that learners interacted in different and meaningful ways when exposing them to a blended-flipped scenario, unveiling signals and features that demonstrated students were able to sustain a conversation by using different resources with their interlocutors. Negotiation of meaning, social communication as well as learning strategies, real world contexts and materials, and collaborative work were the most remarkable patterns of interaction found in the context of this research project. The implementation of technology also played an important role which pretends to open up a path for further research on the implementation of ICTs on language teaching and learning.

The Nature of Contemporary Studies of Education: An Analysis of Articles Published in Leading Journals

ABSTRACT The article is based on a Keynote Lecture at the 2022 Colloquium of the Society for Educational Studies. It analyses the articles published in four leading journals in 2021 and compares these with the same journals 20 years earlier. Key findings include a considerable increase in authorship and multiple authorship and a very strong international dimension to authorship in current UK-based journals. Two-thirds of the papers were empirical, and by far the most common type of research design was qualitative interview studies, often of a very small-scale nature. Aspects of the teaching profession were the most common form of content, and there was also a focus on social class and multi-cultural issues.

Upaya Remediasi Miskonsepsi Siswa SMA pada Materi Sel dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Think Talk Write

In cell material, many concepts are abstract and can cause students to experience difficulties in understanding them. Every concept in biology learning is interconnected so that every concept that is built can influence the formation of the next concept. However, often students' initial concepts are misconceptions, namely the concepts possessed by students conflict with the concepts raised by experts. A good learning experience is needed so that students can understand the concept correctly. One learning model that provides a learning experience to discover and understand concepts is the Think Talk Write learning model. The purpose of this research is to remediate misconceptions about cell material by using the Think Talk Write learning model. This study used an experimental method with the type of pre-experimental research and one-group pretest-posttest research design. The subjects in this study were students of class XI IPA at SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Rancaekek consisting of 36 students using a purposive sampling technique. Based on the results of data processing, it was found that misconceptions in the pretest resulted in as much as 12.78% and in the posttest it decreased to 6.25%. So it can be concluded that the Think Talk Write learning model can reduce students' misconceptions about cell material.

ORAL HYGIENE

Introduction: Oral hygiene is a Oral health is essential for total Overall health and satisfactory quality of life. According to the World Health Organization . Oral health has been defined as a state of being free of mouth and facial pain, oral infections and sores, and oral and other diseases that limit an individuals capacity in biting, chewing, smiling, speaking, and psychosocial well-being. Oral conditions like dental caries and periodontal or gum disease continue to plague humanity. The adverse effects of inadequate care for teeth, gums, bite, and jaws can move beyond the mouth to affect overall physical and psychological health. Objectives: To assess the knowledge of Middle school children regarding oral hygiene in the selected school of Shankarpur Dehradun..To determine the association between the level of knowledge among middle school children regarding oral hygiene and their selected socio -demographic variables. Method: The research approach present in the study is quantitative research approach aims to assess the knowledge of oral hygiene among middle school age children in selected school of shankarpur Dehradun. In this research study descriptive research design is used to assess the knowledge regarding oral hygiene among middle school aged children , in the S.G.R.R school Sehaspur, Dehradun .This research design is descriptive type of research design. The setting selected for present study is children of 6 to 12 years old in Shree Guru Ram Rai public school at Shankarpur Dehradun.Self structured questionnaire method are used for the data collection. Result: In middle school age students having 65% average knowledge and 34% good knowledge while 1% having poor knowledge . Majority of the students i.e 58.6% brushed once in a day. This was parallel to studies where students brushed twice a day. Conclusion : In our study it is evident that 11-12th years age group i.e 70 % student having more knowledge rather than other age group , the economic status having no corelation with knowledge regarding oral hygiene among students , in comparison middle class students having 80% knowledge . The following conclusion can be drawn from the study findings, which are supported by evidence from the other literature. The school age children are having adequate mean Knowledge score was 16.38 and mean Practice score was 15 regarding oral hygiene. The self administered Structured Interview Schedule Questionnaire has shown significant association between socio demographical variables and their knowledge.

Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Belajar Foto dengan Media Belajar Rekaman Audio dalam Mengatasi Masalah Belajar Mikro

Micro learning problems are problems faced by teachers in the process of implementing learning in the classroom. One of the problems of micro learning is that it is difficult to learn concepts. The researcher applied two learning media, namely photo learning media and audio recording learning media in overcoming micro learning problems. The formulation of the problem in writing this thesis is Is there a difference in the effectiveness of using photo learning media with audio recordings in overcoming the difficulties of learning concepts in the history subject of tenth grade Social Studies students at SMA Negeri 3 Bandar Lampung? In this study using a comparative research method with an experimental approach, the research design used in this research is Quasy Experiment (quasi-research), while the type of research design used is Quasy Experiment with One Group Pretest Posttest Design. Data collection techniques carried out are observation, questionnaires, documentation, literature. Data analysis techniques used in this study are normality test and homogeneity test. Based on the hypothesis test, it was obtained that t-count was 2,008 and t-table was 1,706. Because t-count is greater than t- table, it can be concluded that there is a difference in the effectiveness of photo learning media with audio recording learning media in overcoming difficulties in learning concepts in the tenth grade social studies history subject at SMA Negeri 3 Bandar Lampung.

The Influence of The Principal's Leadership Behavior and Work Discipline on The Student’s Religiosity of MI 1 NWDI Pancor East Lombok

This study aims to determine the effect of principal leadership and work discipline on student’s religiosity. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of survey research and cross-sectional survey research design. Data collection using a questionnaire with a research population of all 6th grade students MI 1 NWDI Pancor East Lombok which amounted to 56 people. Data analysis techniques with validity, reliability, prerequisite tests, and hypothesis testing by means of bivariate and simultaneous tests. The results showed that there was an influence of the principal's leadership on the religiosity of MI 1 NWDI Pancor East Lombok students with a medium category r value is 0.520; there was an influence of work discipline on student’s religiosity with a medium category r value is 0.393; there was an influence of the principal's leadership on student religiosity was significant with a t value is 4.473> t table 2.000; there is an effect of work discipline on student’s religiosity is significant with a t value is 3.139> t table 2.000, simultaneously the effect of principal leadership and work discipline on student religiosity is significant with an F value is 13.985 and a significance is 0. 000013 < 0,05.

Profile of child development in Kebon Pala, east Jakarta 2021

Background: Development is the increase in functional abilities that are more complex in aspects of gross, fine motor, language, speech and social independence. According to UNICEF in 2012, the prevalence of children with growth retardation was as high as 3 million or 27.5% of Indonesian children. Objective of this study was to find out the description of the development of children aged 0-72 months in Kebon Pala village, Makasar district, east Jakarta through early detection of development using the developmental pre-screening questionnaire (KPSP) form. Methods: This research belongs to the type of descriptive research design, which is a research method that serves to provide an overview of an object that is examined through samples collected without being analyzed and made general conclusions in September 2021-January 2022 located in the RW 011 Kebon village, Pala, Makassar district, east Jakarta. Results: Of the 96 children involved in the examination, 77 children (80.2%) with appropriate results, 12 children (12.5%) were suspected delayed development and 7 children (7.3%) facing delayed development. Conclusions: The development of children in RW 11, Kelurahan Kebon Pala, Makasar district, east Jakarta is dominated by the normal category, but still, the suspected and confirmed delayed development children were considerably high.

PENGARUH SENAM PROLANIS TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE II

Prolanis gymnastics is a new program from the government with the aim of one of which is to control blood sugar in DM II patients, so many people do not know about it, even most of the people who already know but are less compliant in participating in the Prolanis program and as health workers have an obligation to socialize and activators in activities. This type of quantitative research design is a Quasi Experiment with a one group pre test and post test design approach. The population in this study were diabetes mellitus patients in the working area of ​​the Seputih Banyak Health Center, Central Lampung Regency, as of January - March 2020, totaling 48 people with a total sample of 48 people. In this study the sampling technique used was the total population. In this study, the paired T test was used. Based on statistical tests, it is known that the p-value is 0.000 or p-value <0.05, which means that there is an effect of Prolanis Exercise on Changes in Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Working Area of ​​the Seputih Banyak Health Center, Central Lampung Regency in 2020, it is hoped that this will increase family insight and knowledge about how to improve hemodynamic conditions in diabetic patients and as a basis for providing information to reduce the percentage of people with diabetes

Startup grants and the development of academic startup projects during funding: Quasi-experimental evidence from the German ‘EXIST – Business startup grant’

Public support programs for (academic) startups are an important component of innovation and technology policy. There are many types of startup policy instrument, one of which is supporting prospective founders with startup grants. The present study contributes to the literature by examining the effectiveness of a specific startup grant entitled ‘EXIST – Business Startup Grant’. This measure is Germany’s largest public startup support program and aims to increase the number of technology-oriented and knowledge-based academic startups. The present research investigates the extent to which products of funded startups, the projects’ business planning, the founders’ skills, the degree of networking, and the uptake of external funding evolve over the duration of the grant. Evidence of the effects on these variables is generated by means of a pipeline-based comparison group design. Findings indicate that the startup grant contributes substantially to the development of the products and the business planning of the funded startups, moderately increases their degree of networking and their uptake of external funding, and slightly improves the skills of the founding team during the funding period. Several robustness checks – including a replication by another type of research design, namely a pre-post comparison – strongly support the findings. Hence it is very likely that the program advances startups in their development and thus contributes to later economic success.