Types Of Particles Research Articles

Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Polymer-Infiltrated Tetrapodal Zinc Oxide in Different Variants.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of weight ratio, the shape of the precursor particles, and the application of a phosphate-monomer-containing primer on the mechanical properties of polymer infiltrated ceramic networks (PICNs) using zinc oxide. Two different types of zinc oxide particles were used as precursors to produce zinc oxide networks by sintering, each with two different densities resulting in two different weight ratios of the PICNs. For each of these different networks, two subgroups were built: one involving the application of a phosphate-monomer-containing primer prior to the infiltration of Bis-GMA/TEGDMA and one without. Elastic modulus and flexural strength were determined by using the three-point bending test. Vertical substance loss determined by the chewing simulation was evaluated with a laser scanning microscope. There was a statistically significant influence of the type of precursor particles on the flexural strength and in some cases on the elastic modulus. The application of a primer lead to a significant increase in the flexural strength and in most cases also in the elastic modulus. A higher weight ratio of zinc oxide led to a significantly higher elastic modulus. Few statistically significant differences were found for the vertical substance loss. By varying the shape of the particles and the weight fraction of zinc oxide, the mechanical properties of the investigated PICN can be controlled. The use of a phosphate-monomer-containing primer strengthens the bond between the infiltrated polymer and the zinc oxide, thus increasing the strength of the composite.

Synthesis and Characterization of Briquette from Carbonized Pinus Patula Saw Dust as Alternative Energy Source

This study aimed at the synthesis and characterization of briquette from Pinus patula saw dust using different binders. The effects of particle size and type of binder on the fuel qualities of the briquette were investigated. The bulk density of biomass causes handling, storage, and transportation problems that limit its large application. Densification of biomass into briquettes can solve these problems. The experimental results indicate that briquette produced from waste paper, fruit waste, cow dung, and starch flour binders has higher calorific value, higher fixed carbon, and lower ash content. Whereas, molasses and wood ash binders decreased the calorific value and fixed carbon and increased the ash content of the briquette. As a result, a maximum calorific value of 6596 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 62.6%, and ash content of 3.66% are obtained using waste paper. The calorific value of 6232 cal/g, fixed carbon of 48.74%, and ash content of 3.33% was obtained using fruit waste while the calorific value of 6194 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 59.94 %, and ash content of 5.35% was observed when cow dung is used. When starch flour is used, a calorific value of 6170 cal/g, fixed carbon content of 54.63%, and ash content of 2.63 was obtained. Therefore, waste paper, fruit waste, cow dung, and starch flour are promising binders that improve the fuel qualities of biomass briquettes.

The Influence of Reinforced Fibers and Opacifiers on the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Silica Aerogels.

Fiber-particle-reinforced silica aerogels are widely applied in thermal insulation. Knowing their effective thermal conductivity (ETC) and radiative characteristics under high temperatures is necessary to improve their performance. This article first analyzes the radiation characteristics of silica aerogels doped with opacifier particles and reinforced fibers, and then a universal model is established to predict the ETC. Furthermore, the impacts of different parameters of opacifier particles and reinforced fibers on the thermal insulation performance of silica aerogels are investigated. The results indicate that SiC exhibits comparatively strong absorption characteristics, making it a good alternative for opacifiers to improve thermal insulation performance under high temperatures. For the given type and volume fraction of opacifier particles, there exists an optimal diameter and volume fraction to achieve the best insulation performance of silica aerogel under a certain temperature. Considering that SiO2 fibers exhibit a limited extinction capability and higher conductive thermal conductivity under high temperatures, for fiber-particle-reinforced silica aerogels, it is beneficial for their insulation performance to reduce the fiber volume fraction when the required mechanical properties are satisfied.

Automated SEM analysis of particles in Hanford tank waste

Multiple bench-scale filtration campaigns of Hanford tank waste supernatant on a backpulseable dead-end filtration skid have provided greater insight into the solids that cause fouling and reduce filter performance. The solids collected during each campaign were concentrated from the backpulse solutions and examined using automated particle analysis (APA) methods with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy to categorize particle types and their morphological characteristics. We show that with APA, thousands of particles can be analyzed to provide accurate insight into the phases that may be impacting filter performance.

A mixing index for uniformly and gap-graded cohesionless particles influenced by mixing rate and diameter of stirring rods

Soil mechanics, sometimes, deals with the mixing of soil such as in deep mixing of soil and mixing of soil in tunnel boring machines, i.e., earth pressure balance (EPB-TBM) shields. The geometry of mixing apparatus such as size of stirring rods plays an important role to achieve higher degree of mixing. Moreover, the effect of gap-graded particles being mixed on degree of mixture should also be evaluated. It is important to estimate the extent of mixing of the soil to confirm the required performance of such phenomenon.This study aims to propose a simple method to quantify the degree of mixture of solid particles stirred by rotation of rods with varying diameters at different mixing rates. Discrete element method (DEM) is used to simulate the stirring process and evaluate the degree of mixture at each rotation based on the spatial distribution of different types of particles. To reduce complexity in the mixing process of particles, this study focuses on monodispersed (i.e., uniformly graded) and bidispersed (i.e., narrowly gap-graded) spherical particles where inter-particle cohesion is not considered. The DEM results reveal spatial variation of the degree of mixture (dm) in the given volume; however, its mean (dm¯) increases with the rotation number of stirring rods. Besides, dm¯ depends on the size of stirring rods whereas the mixing rate is less sensitive to dm¯ for the non-cohesive sandy particles. The dm¯ of narrowly gap-graded particles cases is slightly on the lower side as compared to that of uniformly graded particles. The results of the DEM simulations are validated through the model test.

Shear failure analysis of slip zone soil with different coarse particle shapes: Visualized shear test and PIV technology

Coarse particle shape in slip zone soil influences the mesoscopic structure of the soil, which in turn affects soil shear strength and failure behavior. In order to investigate the effect of particle shape on the shear characteristics of coarse–fine-grained mixed slip zone soil, three types of coarse particles (spheroidal, rounded, and angular) were selected for mixing and matching, and a total of 10 sets of medium-scale shear tests were designed for this paper. To quantify the shear deformation and failure process of slip zone soils, particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology and the hanging hammer method were used to obtain mesoscopic data of the soil (displacement vector data of soil particles and elevation data of the shear failure surface), which were used to calculate shear band thickness, shear dilatation, and roughness coefficient of the shear failure surface. The results indicate that coarse particle shape can considerably affect the macroscopic mechanical properties (internal friction angle and shear strength) and mesoscopic deformation characteristics (shear band thickness, shear dilatation, and shear surface morphology) of soils. Angular coarse particles have higher interlocking strength than spheroidal and rounded coarse particles, allowing angular coarse-grained slip zone soils to develop large shear band thickness and rough shear failure surfaces. In addition, mesoscopic damage analysis suggests that the damage rate of slip zone soils decreases with increasing coarse particle shape complexity. These findings enhance comprehension of the failure characteristics of soil-rock mixture slopes and serve as a good reference for the stability analysis of similar slopes.

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Different Nanoparticles at Substrates.

We report the results of large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of adsorption nanoparticles on solid surfaces. The particles were modeled as stiff aggregates of spherical segments. Three types of particles were studied: rods, rectangles, and triangles built of the same number of segments. We show how the particle shape affects the adsorption, the structure of the surface layer, and the degree of the removal of particles from the solvent. The systems with different segment-segment and segment-surface interactions and different concentrations of particles were investigated. The ordered structures formed in adsorption monolayers were also analyzed. The results are consistent with experimental observations.

Cellular Distribution and Intracellular Localization of Different Sizes of Fluorescent Thiol-Organosilica Particles in Mouse Lungs.

We investigated the distribution of intratracheally administered thiol-organosilica (thiol-OS) particles in mouse lungs. Toward this end, single doses of thiol-OS particles containing fluorescein (140 nm in diameter) (F140) and rhodamine B (Rh) (Rh160, Rh280, Rh420, Rh640, and Rh1630 with diameters of 160, 280, 420, 640, and 1630 nm, respectively) were administered. After 24 h, fluorescence imaging revealed homogeneous fluorescence with a patchier pattern on the lung surface and no difference among the six particle sizes. Simultaneous dual administration of Rh and F140 particles did not reveal any size-dependent differences in the lung surface fluorescence. Fluorescence microscopy of the lung sections revealed a similar tissue distribution in the fluorescent areas of Rhs and F140. Some fluorescent areas showed one type of particle fluorescence or only one fluorescence. Cellular distribution of particles was observed in bronchoalveolar lavage cells and lung sections under a high magnification, and correlative light and electron microscopy revealed large cells with fluorescence corresponding to both particle types and small cells with fluorescence of individual particle types, indicating a cell-subset-dependent particle size effect. Rh280, Rh420, and Rh640 exhibited significant size effects and were taken up by alveolar macrophages. Extracellular particles were observed, indicating that saturation exceeded the particle dose threshold in the alveoli. F140 taken up by small and large macrophages colocalized with CD68, CD11c, and CD11b and correlated with CD11c. The size effect, intracellular localization, and extracellular distribution of particles provide insights into lung and systemic drug delivery.

Topical pickering emulsion versus classical excipients: A study of the residual film on the human skin

The interest in Pickering emulsions is based on the possibility of replacing classical emulsifiers with solid particles. These emulsions are very attractive in the pharmaceutical field for their stability virtues and as a vehicle to deliver active ingredients. The study aimed to analyze the properties of the residual film of the Pickering emulsions on the human skin compared to conventional systems.For this project, three types of solid particles were used: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and silicon dioxide. All of them are capable of stabilizing the oil/water interface and thus forming totally emulsified systems. To create an emulsion of reference, a classical surfactant was used as an excipient. Complementary systems containing both particles and the emulsifier were also analyzed. Then, a combined approach between physicochemical and biometrological in vivo analysis was employed.The study proved that Pickering emulsions stabilized by the metal oxides were distinct from the reference emulsion in terms of droplet sizes and organization, rheological and textural responses. Consequently, it impacted the properties of the residual film once the product was applied to the skin. The particle-stabilized emulsions formed a hydrophobic film counter to conventional excipients.Also, the Friction parameter (or the roughness of the film) was directly linked to the quantity of the particles used in the formulation and their perception on the skin surface. The use of the particles blurs the glossy effect of the oil phase. Finally, it was observed that the appearance of the residual film was impacted by the type of the particle, namely TiO2 and ZnO particles.

Selective visual staining of polyurethane microplastics by novel colorimetric and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye: Application to environmental water and natural soil samples

Microplastics can cause environmental pollution and ecosystem destruction as well as human health problems. Among the types of microplastics, polyurethane (PU) is particularly resistant to heat and difficult to decompose, causing disposal problems, and is evaluated as one of the most hazardous polymers. We present a novel colorimetric and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence dye, (E)-N-(2-((4-(diphenylamino)benzylidene)amino)phenyl)− 7-nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]oxadiazol-4-amine (DPNA), designed for selective visual PU microplastic staining. The intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) properties of DPNA are demonstrated through density functional theory (DFT) calculations along with solvatochromic shift. DPNA exhibits red color and red fluorescence emission, showing promising potential as a staining dye. To achieve selective PU microplastic staining, we establish an optimized experimental procedure with the staining dye DPNA by evaluating the staining efficiency under different staining solvent compositions and staining times. DPNA can distinguish PU by both red fluorescence signal and red coloration among different types of microplastics. In addition, DPNA well stain fresh PUs with diverse sizes and at various pH range of 5–9, and the aged PUs can also be dyed as effectively as the fresh PU. Most importantly, DPNA selectively stains PU among 11 types of microplastics and 5 types of natural particles in environmental water and soil with and without any pre-treatments. The adsorption mechanism of DPNA on PU microplastic is demonstrated through field emission scanning electron microscopes (FE-SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and non-covalent interaction (NCI)-reduced density gradient (RDG) analyses, and proposed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding has a significant effect.

Computational and experimental microfluidics: Total analysis system for mixing, sorting, and concentrating particles and cells.

Body fluids can potentially indicate the presence of non-small cancer cells. Studying these fluids is an emerging field that could be crucial for cancer detection and monitoring treatment effectiveness. Meanwhile, the examination of fluids on a microscopic level is part of the field of microfluidics. This study focuses on the development of a total analysis system that consists of various interconnected structures that are designed to mix, classify, concentrate, and isolate particles in fluids that mimic the behavior of cancer and normal cells. Using the COMSOL Multiphysics software, the device's performance was optimized to use a pressure input of 35 kPa for water or serum and 29.4 kPa for a mixture of liquid and serum samples, which are the optimal pressure inputs. The numerical models were validated by experiments using two types of polystyrene particles, with diameters of 5 and 20 μm. Moreover, the developed system was applied to monitor the behavior of red blood cells. The microfluidic chip is capable of addressing several challenges through visual detections, including mixing tests of two fluids with similar densities, proper particle size classification using Dean flow fractionation, and single-step recovery of large, labeled particles. Finally, the collected particles were examined using an environmental scanning electron microscope to determine their size, and the results demonstrated that successful size separation was achieved, with particles around 20 μm completely separated from the smaller ones.

An improved DSMC method for acoustic agglomeration of solid particles assisted by spray droplets

The direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method was improved for describing the process of acoustic agglomeration assisted by spray droplets. The agglomeration and rebound as consequences of inter-particle collisions were modeled by considering all possible particle types, in particular, mixed-phase particles associated with the immersion and distribution mechanisms. Numerical predictions by the present method were validated by both analytical solutions and experimental data. The dynamic process of the acoustic agglomeration in terms of the size and type evolution as well as the evolution of number concentration of different particle types were examined. Results suggest that the strong interaction between the solid particles and the spray droplets causes the significant enhancement of acoustic agglomeration. Furthermore, the effect of frequency varying from audible to ultrasonic range on the acoustic agglomeration was evaluated. Overall, a better performance of acoustic agglomeration can be achieved at a lower frequency, regardless of addition of spray droplets. Agglomeration efficiency of 64.8 % can be achieve at acoustic frequency of 1000 Hz in case with spray droplets. This study provides not only a numerical model for describing the agglomeration of complex particles in particle-laden gas flows, but also important insights into the acoustic agglomeration assisted by spray droplets.

NIR-triggered self-healing SiO2/melanin coatings with enhanced corrosion-resistant and mechanical robustness

Polymer coatings are inherently susceptible to deformation and irreversible damage when they are subjected to external forces during service. Self-healing coatings integrated with exceptional mechanical robustness and corrosion resistance are essential for industrial applications but have been deemed challenging. Here, we present a NIR-triggered self-healing coating by combining a toughness epoxy network with melanin-modified silica (MMS). Moreover, to investigate the impact of pore size and porosity of silica on the corrosion protection performance, three types of various silica particles are selected as building blocks. The melanin-modified fumed silica/epoxy coatings demonstrate superior elongation (275 %), outstanding tensile strength (5.31 MPa) and high toughness (7.37 MJ·m3). Moreover, the introduction of the MMS can not only improve the anticorrosion performance (|Z|0.01 Hz value of 1.24 × 1010 Ω·cm2) but also realize fast photo-thermal repair (60 s). Our strategy furnishes a universal layout prototype for the manufacture of robust self-healing coatings with a scalable and cost-effective preparation method.

Harnessing the synergy of ZrO2 and SiO2 dielectric micro-/nanoparticles in polymer-based photonic films for robust passive daytime radiative cooling

Polymer-based materials emerge as promising building blocks for passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) due to their affordability and ease of production. Enhancing these polymers with inorganic particle doping has shown to boost their mechanical properties and light scattering ability, a result of the increased refractive index contrast with air. However, the incorporation of a single type of inorganic particle often falls short in optimizing overall performance. Herein, we introduce a novel approach by simultaneously integrating high refractive index zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and wide band gap silicon dioxide (SiO2) dielectric particles into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. This dual-particle strategy synergistically improves the radiative cooling capabilities of the resulting photonic film. Remarkably, with a thickness of 1,000 μm, it achieves an impressive 96.7% reflection of solar irradiance, while maintaining a high emissivity of 95.2% in the atmospheric window. Under solar intensity of ∼836.7 W/m2, it delivers an average cooling power of 82.42 W/m2, achieving a substantial sub-ambient temperature drop of up to 8.26 °C. We further explored its effectiveness in enhancing freshwater collection efficiency, leveraging its radiative cooling properties. Furthermore, the photonic film also exhibits versatile properties including flexibility, hydrophobicity, thermal stability, color scalability, and weather resistance, thus enhancing its suitability for various practical applications.

Low-temperature precipitation strengthening of maraging steel 1.2709 produced by powder bed fusion

Research into precipitation hardening in additively manufactured (AM) maraging steel is mainly conducted on the material after several hours of holding at the peak hardening temperatures of 450–500 °C. Lower temperatures are expected to have little to no effect on mechanical properties even after very long holds at these temperatures. This article, however, demonstrates that new precipitates grow and cause a noticeable hardening effect in solution-annealed AM maraging steel after only a 6-hour hold at a temperature of 350 °C. High-resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy (HRSEM, HRTEM) was used to identify the new precipitates. Very fine coherent microdomains containing mainly nickel and molybdenum layers were found. Particles of a new phase, Al0.5CNi3Ti0.5, were also detected. Additionally, various precipitates were also found in both the as-built and the AM solution-annealed maraging steel samples. Precipitates such as Ni3Ti, Al0.3Ni0.35Ti0.35 and Al2O5Ti, were also observed in the as-built condition. After subsequent solution annealing at 820 °C additional Ni3Mo particles and another type of Ti-rich particles, Ni4Ti3, were further found in the AM steel microstructure. The additional new phases which precipitated during the final hardening at 350 °C caused an 18 % (200 MPa) increase in strength.

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy as a novel tool for crystallographic analysis in cellulose: tracking lattice changes following physical treatments

The authors’ series of studies aimed to explore the potential of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) in cellulose crystallographic studies, since THz radiation can detect most intermolecular vibrations and respond to lattice phonons. In this study, we tracked changes in four types of cellulose after ball milling. As the planetary ball milling time increases, it is observed through electron microscopy that the four types of cellulose particles are gradually destroyed into finer particles, while gel permeation chromatography can prove that the molecular weight gradually decreases after ball milling and the dispersity gradually approaches one, which indicates that the dispersion of the material was reduced. The most fascinating observation was made by THz-TDS, that is we have confirmed that after ball milling, the absorption characteristics of cellulose I and II in cellulose I treated with 10% NaOH (crystalline partial transition from cellulose I to II) exhibited an opposite trend. Specifically, the absorption of cellulose II at 2.40THz and 2.77THz increased, while the absorption of cellulose I at 2.11THz and 3.04THz decreased after ball milling, which suggests an increased conversion rate of cellulose I to cellulose II post-milling. Cellulose with different crystalline allomorphs shows different characteristic absorption in the THz region, and the peak position will not change even after the ball milling, only the absorption intensity changes. Although it can be observed through the most traditional X-ray diffraction method that the crystallinity index of all cellulose samples gradually decreases after ball milling. However, different from the THz results, the change after ball milling of cellulose I treated with 10% NaOH is only reflected in very subtle pattern changes, that is, the peak close to the 200 crystalline plane position is slightly shifted after ball milling.

Nanosized Particles of Synthetic Silicon Dioxide Delay the Regeneration of Gastric Ulcers Created by N-Methyl-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine and Induce Hyper-Trophic Gastritis-like Symptoms

Synthetically produced silicon dioxide used as a food additive exhibits nanoparticle size and shape during the early stages of manufacturing. Even when processed into food products, these nanoparticles are detected. Although processing food ingredients into nanoparticles can improve absorption rates or enhance texture, there are concerns about the specific biological effects of nanoparticles. In this study, three types of silica particles, including nanosized particles, were repetitively administered to the stomach using a gastric tube or exposed to a single injection into the submucosal layer of the stomach. Macroscopic and microscopic examinations did not reveal acute toxicity. However, when silica particles were administered to the stomach during the healing and regeneration process of gastric ulcers (induced by injecting the alkylating agent of N-Methyl-N′-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine into the submucosal layer), silica particles with a diameter of 70 nm (SiNPs-70) delayed regeneration more strongly than microsized silica particles with diameters of 300 nm or 1000 nm (SiMPs-300, -1000). Furthermore, fibrosis for tissue regeneration spread throughout the entire mucosa of the stomach, resulting in hypertrophic gastritis-like symptoms. The frequency of this symptom was over 50% with SiNPs-70, 20% with SiMPs-300, and 0% with SiMPs-1000. Although the silica particles used in this study differ from actual samples found in food, the impact of particle size, particularly the effects unique to nanosize, was identified as toxicity in the stomach healing process.

Effect of Particle-Substrate Interactions on Colloidal Layer Structure Prepared by Convective Self-Assembly Using Polyelectrolyte-Grafted Silica Particles.

Cationic and anionic polyelectrolytes, poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTA) and poly(sodium styrene sulfate) (PSSS), were grafted on the surface of the silica particles, respectively, and then these two types of polyelectrolyte-grafted silica particles were applied to the colloidal layer preparation by convective self-assembly (CSA) using hydrophilic or hydrophobic glass substrates to investigate the effect of the interactions between the particles and the substrate surface on the resultant layer structures. When the PVBTA-grafted silica particle (PVBTA-Si) was used, the colloidal monolayers with a non-close-packed (NCP) structure were formed on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass substrates, where the NCP colloidal layers on the hydrophobic glass substrate have a somewhat more ordered structure than those on the hydrophilic glass substrate. In the case of the PSSS-grafted silica particle (PSSS-Si), on the other hand, stripe patterns with close-packed (CP) colloidal layers were obtained on both types of the glass substrates. The number of layers of the stripes on the hydrophilic glass substrate was less than that on the hydrophobic glass substrate, while the spacing and width of the stripes on both substrates were similar to each other. The difference in the structures of the colloidal layers obtained here indicates that an attractive interaction, such as an electrostatic attraction and a hydrophobic interaction, between the particle and the substrate surface is necessary to achieve the NCP structure by the CSA process using polyelectrolyte-grafted silica particles.

Swin-cryoEM: Multi-class cryo-electron micrographs single particle mixed detection method.

Cryo-electron micrograph images have various characteristics such as varying sizes, shapes, and distribution densities of individual particles, severe background noise, high levels of impurities, irregular shapes, blurred edges, and similar color to the background. How to demonstrate good adaptability in the field of image vision by picking up single particles from multiple types of cryo-electron micrographs is currently a challenge in the field of cryo-electron micrographs. This paper combines the characteristics of the MixUp hybrid enhancement algorithm, enhances the image feature information in the pre-processing stage, builds a feature perception network based on the channel self-attention mechanism in the forward network of the Swin Transformer model network, achieving adaptive adjustment of self-attention mechanism between different single particles, increasing the network's tolerance to noise, Incorporating PReLU activation function to enhance information exchange between pixel blocks of different single particles, and combining the Cross-Entropy function with the softmax function to construct a classification network based on Swin Transformer suitable for cryo-electron micrograph single particle detection model (Swin-cryoEM), achieving mixed detection of multiple types of single particles. Swin-cryoEM algorithm can better solve the problem of good adaptability in picking single particles of many types of cryo-electron micrographs, improve the accuracy and generalization ability of the single particle picking method, and provide high-quality data support for the three-dimensional reconstruction of a single particle. In this paper, ablation experiments and comparison experiments were designed to evaluate and compare Swin-cryoEM algorithms in detail and comprehensively on multiple datasets. The Average Precision is an important evaluation index of the evaluation model, and the optimal Average Precision reached 95.5% in the training stage Swin-cryoEM, and the single particle picking performance was also superior in the prediction stage. This model inherits the advantages of the Swin Transformer detection model and is superior to mainstream models such as Faster R-CNN and YOLOv5 in terms of the single particle detection capability of cryo-electron micrographs.

Influence of Cerium Oxide Abrasive Particle Morphologies on Polishing Performance

AbstractIn this study, two morphologies of cerium oxide (CeO2) abrasive particles, octahedral and spheroidal, are synthesized by solvothermal method using cerium nitrate hexahydrate (Ce(NO3)3‐6H2O) as raw material. Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractometer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to characterize the composition and morphology of CeO2 abrasive particles. The synthesized CeO2 is used for chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of the Si surface of 6H‐SiC wafers, and the surface morphology of the polished wafers are observed using atomic force microscopy (AFM). After polishing with octahedral and spheroidal abrasive particles, the surface roughness of the wafers are 0.327 and 0.287 nm, and the material removal rates (MRR) are 870 and 742 nm h−1, respectively. Calculations comparing the ultraviolet absorption spectra and bandgap energies of the two types of abrasive particles as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulations reveal that the synthesized octahedral CeO2 particles possessed stronger surface chemical activity and material removal performance.