Types Of Parks Research Articles

User-generated content may increase urban park use: Evidence from multisource social media data

Given the numerous health benefits that urban parks and greenspaces provide, it is critical to grasp the key factors that improve park use. Despite the pervasive impact of user-generated content (UGC) in modern society, little is known about the influence of UGC on park use. Therefore, this study examined the effect of UGC on park use based on 613,858 pieces of UGC related to the 251 urban parks in two metropolitans in China, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. After controlling for the confounders, the hierarchical linear regression revealed that the quantity, rating, sentiment, and exposure were significantly associated with park use. Then, we distinguished three distinct relationships between UGC variables and park use. We proposed that the effects of UGC rating, sentiment, and exposure were more reliable predictors of park use because bidirectional associations may not affect them. Furthermore, we found the heterogeneity in the UGC-park use link by UGC and urban park types. The geotagged UGC had a larger effect size on park use than the keyword UGC. Visits to comprehensive parks were significantly affected by UGC, while visits to community parks were not. This study sheds new light on increasing park use from the perspective of digital information, which benefits future research and policy development in modern society.

What Role Do Urban Parks Play in Forming a Sense of Place? Lessons for Geodesign Using Social Media

The sense of place is a multidimensional construct that evokes an emotional commitment to a specific geographic setting. It can be a crucial aspect of cultural ecosystem services. While social media has gained popularity as a tool for assessing ecosystem services, its effectiveness in capturing a sense of place, its impact on cultural ecosystem services, and its role in the landscape design process remains less certain. This study investigates the role of urban parks in shaping the sense of place by analyzing user-generated content from a specific social media platform (Twitter). We gathered tweets from 30 diverse urban parks in Chicago, covering various park types, sizes, shapes, and management styles. Our analysis reveals multiple facets of the sense of place associated with urban parks. We suggest that a sense of place is not solely rooted in the attachment to physical surroundings but also in the personal experiences individuals encounter within these spaces. Residents residing near parks tend to develop a sense of ownership and responsibility, leading to stronger emotional bonds with their environment. Urban parks foster community engagement, enhance social cohesion, and offer opportunities for nature-based experiences. Furthermore, this study underscores the significance of diverse park features, accessibility, and size in bolstering place attachment. Our research demonstrates the potential for geoinformation analysis in the geodesign process as a cost-effective and scalable approach for understanding the person–place connection.

Are supply and demand the main key drivers of airport parking prices? The quantitative study

Parking pricing always poses a challenge to airport management due to their impact on revenue. According to previous studies, parking prices have not considered air transportation supply and demand simultaneously until now, which is why challenges have arisen. Also, no model identifies the factors affecting parking prices and expresses their relationship quantitatively. The contribution of the current paper is to develop numeric models for pricing airport parking using supply and demand data. In this regard, the multiple linear regression approach is used due to its simplicity and interoperability. Three time periods for airport parking pricing are considered as dependent variables: 1-h short-term, 24-h short-term, and 24-h long-term. Independent variables also include air transportation supply and demand characteristics along with socioeconomic variables based on previous research. Employing collected data from 60 airports on all continents, the final model for each parking type is selected. The results indicate that parking expense will be affected more by transportation supply than by transportation demand. As a measure of the airport's supply, short-term parking prices have been significantly affected by the average cost of amenities. By affecting passengers' access to the airport, public transportation ticket prices also impact the cost of 24-h long-term parking. These supply-related factors have a more noticeable effect on parking prices than demand variables, such as the number of airport passengers, and this can be taken into account by managers and planners in the future.

Nature in the concrete jungle: valuing urban ecosystem services in Costa Rica

AbstractUrban green spaces are primarily recognized for their ability to provide opportunities for recreational activities. However, these spaces also offer a broader range of ecosystem services and benefits, which are often overlooked by city inhabitants and the government. This paper utilizes choice experiments to estimate the benefits derived from ecosystem services provided by undeveloped natural areas and urban parks in San José, Costa Rica. We evaluate three ecosystem services provided by undeveloped natural areas, namely habitats for animals and plants, hydrological control, and recreation. Additionally, we estimate the benefits derived from the restoration and construction of three types of urban parks: neighborhood, metropolitan, and central district parks. The results demonstrate that individuals place significant value on the restoration of undeveloped natural areas and urban parks. The findings also indicate variations in the valuation of ecosystem services between undeveloped natural areas and different park types, as well as among households.

Pocket Parks: A New Approach to Improving the Psychological and Physical Health of Recreationists

The increasing density of cities poses a huge threat to public health, so pocket parks with high accessibility and flexibility have become potential resources to promote public health. In this context, the ways in which pocket parks can improve public health have become the focus and challenge of current research. This study selected 10 different types of pocket parks in Fuzhou, China, as the research subjects and collected real-time psychological and physiological data of participants by watching videos of the sample plots. The aim was to explore the impact of the environmental characteristics of pocket parks on the psychological and physiological responses of recreational users. The results of the study showed that: (1) the environmental characteristics of pocket parks significantly affect the psychological and physiological responses of recreationists. Different environmental characteristics can affect recreationists’ emotional state, attention recovery, environmental preferences, and the indicators of IBI, HR, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, SCL, and EMG to varying degrees. (2) The environment of pocket parks may encourage recreationists to generate positive psychological benefits when the site is larger and has a higher degree of scenic beauty, and when the space is not effectively confined. A pocket park environment with a low paving ratio, open view, cultural elements, topographic changes, special vegetation and distributing space can also have a positive effect on the psychological benefits of recreationists to a certain extent. Low canopy density and high green visibility can also play a role in suppressing negative emotions. (3) Pocket parks with high levels of depression and off-site disturbance are not conducive to positive physiological responses from recreationists, while pocket parks with high levels of green visibility and beauty and specialized vegetation are more likely to provide health benefits to them.

Game-Based Demand Feedback Reservation Parking Pricing

Reservation parking is a new type of parking that allows users to obtain a parking space for an appropriate time slot by reservation. This paper pioneers a high degree-of-freedom reservation strategy and rules for commercial districts in which users can arbitrarily select parking time slots. The nested logit is applied to build a parking revenue model by analyzing the cost, demand, and price factors sequentially according to the user’s choice behavior. The parking lot price game in the region is dissected and a nonlinear pricing model is proposed for maximizing regional returns. A model validation of a parking lot in an actual commercial area shows that compared to the traditional parking method, the parking lot revenue increased by 69.63% upon the application of this reservation strategy and pricing scheme, while the parking lot traffic increased by 22.4%. This model can provide strong support for reservation parking pricing in commercial areas. In the comparison of scenarios, the scientific validity of this model using dynamic pricing and regional game competition is verified. In the application, a reasonable price scheme can be formulated based on the parking lot traffic, cost, and surrounding parking strategies, which can result in higher parking revenue while providing users with great parking convenience.

English

Urban parks are an important part of the city's green infrastructure and serve as an indicator for the city's natural environment. Six urban parks in Faisalabad were evaluated, split into two categories: Old parks (OP) and New parks (NP). A thorough census of tree populations was conducted in specified urban parks, and many parameters were studied. The composition of trees, species richness, and distribution of native and exotic trees were evaluated among two types of parks. Tree stem count was used to calculate the diversity benchmark (10/20/30) for tree inventories in selected urban parks. The major objective of the study was to determine the difference in species richness and diversity indices of selected urban parks in both categories. Evaluation of the plantation of Urban parks on the basis of the proposed benchmark (10/20/30) was also the key objective of the present study. The results revealed that 2978 trees from 52 species, 45 genera, and 22 families had been counted, with 2004 trees in the OP and 794 in the NP. A few common species hold the majority of the distribution. OP have higher share of native trees (67.07%) while NP have higher share of exotic trees (59.32%). The dominance of exotic tree species in NP depicted that change in time has significantly affected the plantation pattern of urban parks in Faisalabad. OP had higher tree species richness (47) as compared to NP (36). The dominance of exotic species in new parks is the major cause of low tree diversity. Results of the tested benchmark indicated that the plantation of selected urban parks approximately failed to achieve the proposed diversity benchmark. In urban parks, more attention should be paid to the plantation design and species selection. The pressing need of the hour is to have a tree mix that promotes biodiversity while also maximizing ecological services

Visitation to national parks in California shows annual and seasonal change during extreme drought and wet years

This study examines the influence of drought indicators on recreational visitation patterns to National Park Service units in California (USA) from 1980 to 2019. We considered mountain, arid, and coastal park types across a climate gradient where seasonal recreational opportunities are directly or indirectly dependent on water resources. Significant departures from the normal hydroclimate, reflected by drought or unusually wet conditions, can lead visitors to change their behavior, including recreating at a different time or place. Drought conditions can facilitate earlier seasonal access at higher elevation parks, but displace visitors in other seasons and parks. Wetter-than-average conditions can displace visitors due to snowpack or flooding, but also facilitate other activities. We found a decrease in annual visitation at popular mountain parks including Yosemite (-8.6%) and Sequoia and Kings Canyon (-8.2%) during extreme drought years due to lower-than-average attendance in peak summer and fall months. Extreme wet years also had significantly reduced annual visitation in Sequoia and Kings (-8.5%) and Lassen Volcanic (-13.9%) due to declines in spring and summer use as snowpack restricts road access. For arid parks, drought status did not have a statistically significant effect on annual visitation, although extreme drought led to less use during the hottest months of summer at Death Valley, and extreme wet conditions at Pinnacles led to less visitation throughout the year (-16.6%), possibly from impacts to infrastructure associated with flooding. For coastal park units, extreme drought led to year-round higher levels of use at Redwood (+27.7%), which is typically wet, and less year-round use at Channel Islands (-23.6%), which is relatively dry, while extreme wet years led to higher levels of annual use at Channel Islands (+29.4%). Collectively, these results indicate the effect of extreme drought or wet years on park visitation varies by park depending on geography and recreational activities offered.

Using Social Media Text Data to Analyze the Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Daily Urban Green Space Usage—A Case Study of Xiamen, China

While urban green spaces (UGSs) are important places for residents’ leisure activities, studies describing the long-term daily UGS usage of residents (including the total number of activities, the types of activities, and the touring experience) have not been conducted due to difficulties in data collection. Based on social media text data (SMTD), in this study, the total number of daily activities, the intensities of optional and social activities, and the daily touring experience in 100 UGSs in Xiamen, China, were inferred based on the ERNIE 3.0 text pre-training semantic classification model. Based on this, linear regression modeling was applied to analyze the internal environmental factors of the effects of places and external urban form factors regarding daily UGS usage. The research results revealed the following. (1) A descriptive study was conducted on the total numbers, types, and touring experience of activities using SMTD, and the results were verified by line transect surveys, management statistics, and a publicly available dataset. (2) The number of human activities in UGSs was found to be significantly influenced by historical and cultural facilities, nighttime lighting, population density, and the proportion of the floating population. (3) During the daytime, optional activities were found to be significantly influenced by the park type and historical and cultural facilities, and social activities were found to be significantly influenced by historical and cultural facilities and population density. In the evening, optional activities were found to be significantly influenced by the park type, historical and cultural facilities, nighttime lighting, and the proportion of the floating population, and social activities were found to be influenced by the proportion of the floating population. (4) Regarding the touring experience, in the daytime, the park type, green space ratio, and proportion of the floating population had significant effects on the touring experience. In the evening, the park type, historical and cultural facilities, and security factors were found to have significant effects on the touring experience. The methodology and findings of this study aid in the understanding of the differences in daytime and nighttime activities, and in the discovery of planning tools to promote human leisure activities in UGSs.

The impact of on-street and off-street parking regulations on parking type choice

ABSTRACT In practice, parking regimes for different parking types (on-street, off-street and garage) are introduced independently, leading frequently to inefficient utilization. The aim of the paper is to show that in areas with different public parking types, integrated parking management is needed so as to utilize available capacities evenly. To demonstrate this, we determined the factors impacting parking type choice, and then the importance and intensity of parking measures thereon. Empirical data collected by interviewing on-street and off-street parking users were used to develop a binary logit model showing the most important parking type choice parameters: on-street time limitation, and on-street and off-street parking prices. Reduced time limitation was found to decrease on-street parking probability while increasing off-street parking probability. Also, price increase for one parking type reduced the probability of choosing that particular type and increased opting for alternative type. Moreover, a synergy effect of integrated parking management was demonstrated.

Nesting Ecology of European Hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in Urban Areas in Southeast Spain: Nest Habitat Use and Characteristics.

Appropriate nesting sites are needed for the presence of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) in an area, along with food availability. However, little attention has been paid to them in the literature. This study aimed at analysing, for the first time, the environmental characteristics of nesting sites chosen by hedgehogs, their spatial distribution and the effect of sex and season on them in two types of urban parks in southeastern Spain. A total of 31 hedgehogs were equipped with GPS devices, and 130 hedgehog nests were located and described. Both sexes had a similar number of nests; however, the spatial distribution of the male nests was larger, and they changed nests more frequently than females. The environment around the nests and hosting structures used also differed between the sexes, with males using a higher variety of nesting structures available and females being more selective. The differences in topography and habitat composition of the two urban parks also affected hedgehog nesting ecology, especially in reference to artificial elements like cat feeders. Further studies of nest locations at a microhabitat level are needed to contribute to a better understanding of a hedgehog's requirements, fostering the design of more effective conservation strategies.

The Effects of Industrial Park Development on Export Earning, Employment and FDI Attraction: Evidence from Ethiopia

This study examines the effects of industrial parks on export earnings, employment creation, and FDI attraction in Ethiopia. Furthermore, the study aims to identify the constraints and potential to achieve sustained and dynamic results expected from the industrial park development. Despite varying degrees of successes and failures, several countries have utilized industrial park and other types of special economic zones as a policy instrument for fostering economic transformation. Ethiopia is one of the African countries that have adopted industrial park development as a policy tool to enhance its economic growth and transformation. However, the effect of the industrial park policy initiative of the country is not well researched. The analysis of the study reveals that industrial parks in Ethiopia have contributed statistically significant effects on export earnings, employment creation, and FDI attraction with significant levels of p= <.001. The analysis also showed that the top five binding constraints for the effectiveness of the industrial park development are low labor productivity, domestic raw material supply constraints, weak forward and backward linkage, transport cost and logistic constraints, and institutions’ capacity constraints. On the other hand, the availability of a trainable labor force, raw material potential, preferential policies and incentives, the economic growth of the country, and the labor wage rise in China and other emerging countries are identified as the top five potentials and opportunities to achieve sustained and dynamic benefits of industrial park development in Ethiopia.

The heterogeneous effects of Chinese industrial parks on environmental pollution

As a form of regional agglomeration, industrial parks create huge benefits for China's economic development, but they also generate considerable environmental externalities and are expected to become the breakthrough to achieve green transformation. This study builds a panel data set by combining a variety of data on the environmental and economic characteristics of firms, industrial parks, and regions, and empirically investigates the effects of establishing industrial parks on emissions of COD, NH3, SO2, and dust. We find such effects are heterogeneous across scales of investigation and types of industrial parks. After entering the industrial parks, firms can reduce their environmental pollution, and the emissions of COD, SO2 and dust have decreased by 9.3 %, 13.4 % and 4.6 %, respectively. However, the study at the regional level finds that, after the establishment of industrial parks, the overall emissions of COD, NH3, SO2, and dust have increased by 37.9 %, 365 %, 45.5 % and 34.9 %, respectively. The expansion of production scale and the increase of pollution-intensive industries are the main factors that cause more serious regional pollution. Meanwhile, the improvement of pollution treatment is very limited. After the establishment of a new park, the emission intensities of newly entered firms are higher than those of pre-existing firms, indicating industrial parks may lower environmental requirements in exchange for economic growth. Parks with clean dominant industries, high levels of water reuse and technical innovation tend to emit less pollutants. Based on the results, this study gives four suggestions for establishing environment-friendly industrial parks, that is, to plan the industrial layout rationally, to speed up the construction of pollution treatment facilities, to increase the environmental threshold for entrance, and to promote technical innovation.

An optimised design for transport noise pollution reduction in the children's area and recreation spots

Over the years, the issue of improving the urban environment remains relevant, especially in the design of children's playgrounds and recreation areas. In addition to the analysis of available vegetation and terrain conditions, the noise pollution of the environment should also be considered in order to take into account suitable measures for its reduction. The most effective ecological and aesthetic method is the establishment of plant barriers to reduce the noise discomfort. The aesthetically designed vegetative isolation barriers, in addition to the healing effect on the microclimate of the territory, also contribute to the visual aesthetics: bringing in decorative plant species that bloom, have spectacular foliage, have an interesting habit, or the delicate use of aromatic plants and those with phytoncide activity. In recent years, there has been a trend towards expanding urban areas and the concentration of population in urban agglomerations, which leads to many environmental problems. One of them is the lack of territories with trees and shrubs of the forest park type, providing acoustic and aesthetic comfort to the population. The ecological balance of urban territories necessitates a long-term ecological strategy for the creation of similar territories in the urban development plans.

Economic sustainability of parks: the Park Visitor ECSI model

ABSTRACT This research explored visitor satisfaction and loyalty, vital to securing the economic sustainability of parks, in the proposed Park Visitor ECSI model. Self-administered surveys with online consumer panels were adopted for the data collection. The research model was tested with PLS-SEM in parks across Australia (N = 430), USA (N = 348) and China (N = 319). In the main, the findings suggested that the perceived image of park management shaped visitor expectations, which formed their perceptions of quality and value that impacted their satisfaction and willingness to recommend. This highlights theoretical and methodological potential for the applicability of the Park Visitor ECSI model and PLS-SEM across other countries and park types. The findings pragmatically identify the success factors for generating visitation through word-of-mouth and highlight five key areas that address effective park management, critical to self-financing and securing the economic future for parks.

Economic essence and types of modern industrial parks

The idea of creation an optimal environment and ecosystem for the business activity, technology and innovation is not new, but over the years it has not lost its relevance, because today there are already more than 700 industrial parks in different countries of the world, which are a strategic tool for the policy of new economic development. The article analyzes the works devoted to the content of the "industrial park" concept, the definition of its functions, industrial parks’ classification, etc. in order to generalize the approaches and results of studies of the economic essence of industrial parks and propose a modern definition of the concept of "industrial park". It has been established that foreign authors usually do not focus on the definition of the concept of "industrial park", using the definition to identify the compliance of the industrial park with the criteria specified by international associations. The interpretation of the term "industrial park" by Ukrainian researchers is almost identical to the definition provided in the Law of Ukraine "On industrial parks" with some differences related to the methodological aspects of the authors' research. It has been recognized that industrial parks are classified according to the presence of ready-made industrial premises for the implementation of economic activities by residents (Greenfield, Brownfield, Greyfield). They also differ in scale and list of services. Industrial parks can also include research parks, innovation centers, science and technology parks. As a result of summarizing definitions and characteristics of industrial parks given by the researchers, authors present a definition of the term "industrial park" as a territory, specially organized and managed by a specialized company for accommodating new industries with distribution according to certain latest industry functions, provided with infrastructure, energy, legal conditions for creating a pool of users (tenants or owners) with a single development concept and management system. The common features of industrial parks are highlighted – support of a local and/or regional economic development; creating an environment conducive to work with the knowledge base, establishing contacts and exchanging ideas; provision of premises and other support services; connection with one or more higher educational institutions, research institutes; promotion customers’ innovation and competitiveness; assistance in investments in knowledge-intensive business and development of start-ups. Further analysis and evaluation of the functioning of industrial parks should be focused on revealing new aspects of their use in the national economic system in the context of aggravated geopolitical confrontation affecting the economy of Ukraine.

Research on urban country parks based on emergency medical facilities for public health emergencies—a case study of Guangzhou, China

As COVID-19 has swept across the world, the escalating number of confirmed and suspected cases overwhelmed the admission capacity of the designated hospitals. Faced with such a grim situation, governments made a quick decision to build emergency medical facilities to address the outbreak. However, the emergency medical facilities faced a huge risk of epidemic spread and improper site could lead to serious secondary transmission. Using the disaster prevention and risk avoidance function of urban green space can solve the problem of selecting the location of emergency medical facilities to a certain extent, with country parks having a high degree of compatibility with the latter. Based on the location requirements of emergency medical facilities, using Analytic Hierarchy Process and Delphi method, through analyzing the type of country parks, effective risk avoidance area, spatial fragmentation, distance from water sources, wind direction, and distance from the city, quantification of 8 impact factors such as hydrogeology and traffic duration was conducted to comprehensively compare 30 country parks in Guangzhou. The results showed that the overall quality of country parks approximated a normal distribution, with Lianma Forest Country Park having the highest comprehensive score and the most balanced distribution of scores for various impact factors. Considering safety, expandability, rehabilitation, convenience, pollution prevention, and fecal isolation, it is a preferred destination for emergency medical facility construction.

Assessing the cold island effect of urban parks in metropolitan cores: a case study of Hangzhou, China.

As the oasis area in the city, urban park plays an extremely prominent role in the regulation and improvement of the urban ecological environment, especially the local thermal environment, and has become one of the significant ways to reduce the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Our study comprehensively considers the maximum cooling distance and spatial continuity of urban parks, takes 30 parks in Hangzhou, and analyzed their influencing factors to comprehensively explore the park cooling effect. The results showed that the land cover shifted drastically during 2000-2020, and the built-up land area increased greatly, which aggravated the UHI effect. The high UHI value of Hangzhou was concentrated in the city center and presented a spreading trend from north to south. Different types of urban parks presented different cold island effects, with comprehensive parks and ecological parks having the largest cooling area, and community parks exhibit better accumulative cooling effect. In addition, the park's own characteristics (perimeter, area, shape index) and inner and surrounding landscapes were significantly correlated with the park's cooling effect (park cooling area and park cooling efficiency). Our study comprehensively considered the cooling effect of parks from the maximum and accumulative perspectives and provides theoretical and practical guidance for the construction and planning of urban parks, thereby enhancing the well-being of urban residents.

Associations between residential greenspace exposure and mortality in 4 645 581 adults living in London, UK: a longitudinal study

Urban greenspaces could reduce non-communicable disease (NCD) risk. The links between greenspaces and NCD-related mortality remain unclear. We aimed to estimate associations between residential greenspace quantity and access and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer mortality, respiratory mortality, and type 2 diabetes mortality. We linked 2011 UK Census data of London-dwelling adults (aged ≥18 years) to data from the UK death registry and the Greenspace Information for Greater London resource. We calculated percentage greenspace area, access point density (access points per km2), and distance in metres to the nearest access point for each respondent's residential neighbourhood (defined as 1000 m street network buffers) for greenspaces overall and by park type using a geographic information system. We estimated associations using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for a range of confounders. Data were available for 4 645 581 individuals between March 27, 2011, and Dec 31, 2019. Respondents were followed up for a mean of 8·4 years (SD 1·4). All-cause mortality did not differ with overall greenspace coverage (hazard ratio [HR] 1·0004, 95% CI 0·9996-1·0012), increased with increasing access point density (1·0076, 1·0031-1·0120), and decreased slightly with increasing distance to the nearest access point (HR 0·9993, 0·9987-0·9998). A 1 percentage point (pp) increase in pocket park (areas for rest and recreation under 0·4 hectares) coverage was associated with a decrease in all-cause mortality risk (0·9441, 0·9213-0·9675), and an increase of ten pocket park access points per km2 was associated with a decreased respiratory mortality risk (0·9164, 0·8457-0·9931). Other associations were observed, but the estimated effects were small (eg, all-cause mortality risk for increases of 1 pp in regional park area were 0·9913, 0·9861-0·9966 and increases of ten small open space access points per km2 were 1·0247, 1·0151-1·0344). Increasing the quantity of, and access to, pocket parks might help mitigate mortality risk. More research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms that could explain these associations. Health Data Research UK (HDRUK).

Day-ahead optimal scheduling strategy for electrolytic water to hydrogen production in zero-carbon parks type microgrid for optimal utilization of electrolyzer

Under the goal of achieving “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, microgrids with hydrogen storage have emerged as a prominent area of development. However, large-scale operation of alkaline electrolytic water hydrogen production units suffers from low efficiency. To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimal scheduling strategy for electrolytic water to hydrogen production in a zero-carbon park type microgrid for optimal utilization of the electrolyzer. Taking into account the economic cost, the interaction rate of the microgrid and the hydrogen demand of the park, a zero-carbon park type microgrid electrolytic water to hydrogen optimization model for the optimal utilization of electrolyzes is constructed. To overcome the challenges of slow convergence speed and local optimality of the traditional algorithm, the Beluga Whale Optimization (BWO) is improved to solve the model. Compared with the PSO algorithm, the BWO algorithm solves the model 10 % faster and has a better optimization finding capability. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the daily revenue value of the proposed dispatching strategy is 12.5 % higher than that of the traditional dispatching strategy for microgrids. The impact of the hydrogen selling price and the new energy feed-in tariff on the proposed strategy is also analysed.