Type Of Offense Research Articles

Drug-related Offences in India: Observations and Insights from the Secondary Analysis of the Data from the National Crimes Record Bureau

Background: People who use psychoactive substances that are illicit have increased chances of coming into contact with the law enforcement and criminal justice systems for different reasons. The problem statement in terms of the need for healthcare services for such people is yet to be defined and quantified in India. Methods: We used the data collected by the National Crimes Record Bureau for the years 1986 to 2021. We assessed the profile of offences registered under the Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act (NDPS), 1985 over the successive years in India. We also made comparisons between the offences for possession for personal use/consumption and for trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances at the national level and at the level of states and union territories in the country. Results: The percentage of these arrests, charge sheets and convictions as part of total Special and Local Laws (SLL) has increased over the years, showing a positive monotonic trend. A large percentage of those arrested were males. A higher percentage of females were arrested and charge-sheeted for trafficking than for personal use or consumption. The percentage of total persons arrested, charge-sheeted and convicted for possession of drugs for personal use/consumption was greater than that of those arrested for possession of drugs for trafficking for all years from 2017 to 2021. There were significant associations between gender and the types of offense. The highest rates of offences were reported from some north-western states, north-eastern states and Kerala. Conclusion: The findings help us make a strong argument in favour of strengthening the health sector response for people who use psychoactive substances and are in contact with the law enforcement and criminal justice systems in the country.

Can ethnic disparities in sentencing be taken as evidence of judicial discrimination?

Large research efforts have been directed at the exploration of ethnic disparities in the criminal justice system, documenting harsher treatment of minority ethnic defendants, across offence types, criminal justice decisions, and jurisdictions. However, most studies on the topic have relied on observational data, which can only approximate ‘like with like’ comparisons. We use causal diagrams to lay out explicitly the different ways estimates of ethnic disparities in sentencing derived from observational data could be biased. Beyond the commonly acknowledged problem of unobserved case characteristics, we also discuss other less well-known, yet likely more consequential problems: measurement error in the form of racially-determined case characteristics or as a result of disparities within the ‘Whites’ reference group, and selection bias from non-response and missing offenders’ ethnicity data. We apply such causal framework to review findings from two recent studies showing ethnic disparities in custodial sentences imposed at the Crown Court (England and Wales). We also use simulations to recreate the most comprehensive of those studies, and demonstrate how the reported ethnic disparities appear robust to a problem of unobserved case characteristics. We conclude that ethnic disparities observed in the Crown Court are likely reflecting evidence of direct discrimination in sentencing.

The need for police officers to use portable video recorders when responding to domestic violence situations

The article examines the use of portable video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to situations related to domestic violence.
 Domestic violence is a very common problem that needs to be addressed by the National Police of Ukraine. The main tasks of the police in the field of combating domestic violence are: timely response and combating this type of offense, bringing offenders to legal responsibility, in accordance with current legislation. In our opinion, one of the unsolved problems that is not sufficiently studied in the legislation is the use of video recorders by precinct police officers when responding to various types of offenses, such as domestic violence.
 The use of portable video recorders (portable video recording cameras) by precinct police officers is a practice that is becoming more common in many countries. These devices can have a significant impact on ensuring security, increasing accountability and transparency of police actions.
 A study of judicial practice indicates a tendency that courts of various levels increasingly note the lack of sufficient evidence from precinct police officers, which would possibly confirm the legality of their decisions to issue an urgent restraining order. In fact, only the prohibition order itself, which briefly outlines the essence of the case, and the statement of the victim, as well as other materials regarding the administrative offense, is not enough for the courts. Also, the study of judicial practice indicates that there are frequent cases of appeals against the decisions of district police officers regarding the issuance of urgent orders, which indicates the need to improve the mechanism of implementing special measures in the field of combating domestic violence.

Problems of prevention of criminal offenses related to the use of water resources in Kazakhstan

AbstractThe protection of the environment and its elements is the responsibility of modern society for the possibility of its development in the future. That is why the issues of protection of this category of relations are relevant today in the legal plane. It is important to establish not only an effective mechanism for punishing the guilty but also for preventing the commission of criminal offenses against natural objects. The purpose of the study is to identify effective approaches for the prevention of crimes related to the use of water bodies. In the study, the methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, deduction, generalization, formal legal, and abstraction were applied. As a result, it was possible to determine that the current state of water bodies in Kazakhstan is deteriorating, so they may be at a crisis level in the future. In view of this, the paper investigated the composition of a criminal offense related to the illegal use of water bodies. This made it possible to determine the current position of the legislator on the regulation of this issue in the legal dimension. In addition, the methods and tools that are used in Kazakhstan to prevent the spread of this type of criminal offense were established. Based on this, their shortcomings were analyzed, and proposals were developed to improve the process of preventing such crimes. Therefore, the place of environmental crimes in the modern criminal law doctrine was determined, and international experience in preventing such offenses was considered. The practical value of the findings is the possibility of using them to develop new national strategies and programs aimed at countering crimes in the field of water use.

International experience in countering theft on railway transport in the context of the Republic of Kazakhstan

Relevance. The issue of countering theft on railway transport in Kazakhstan is highly relevant due to the widespread use of rail transport, which is economical, convenient, and allows for rapid movement over long distances. However, the closed environment of railways poses safety risks, leading to increasing theft cases, which negatively affect society and require urgent solutions. Purpose. This study aims to investigate the current level of crime, specifically theft, on railway transport in Kazakhstan. It seeks to identify factors influencing these thefts, examine the experience of advanced foreign countries in addressing similar issues, and provide recommendations for incorporating effective strategies into Kazakhstan's legislation. Methodology. The study employs a combination of general scientific and special cognitive methods, including the general dialectical method, system and structural method, comparative and legal method, sociological method, formal logic, and literature analysis. Results. The study includes a theoretical part, examining the criminological characteristics of property thefts on railway transport in Kazakhstan, and a practical part, identifying social factors that provoke such crimes and analysing foreign policies addressing these criminal acts. Conclusions. The study's findings can be applied in law enforcement to optimize and organize investigations of passenger property thefts. Additionally, the insights can be used in criminology education and scientific research to enhance recommendations and develop methods for investigating other types of criminal offences. Keywords: theft; railway transport; other people's property; passengers

The hidden impact of alcohol on young victims: an analysis of alcohol-related police offences resulting in hospitalisation

BackgroundAlcohol-related harm (ARH) is a significant public health concern affecting young individuals, particularly those involved in alcohol-related police incidents resulting in hospitalisation. However, the impact of alcohol on young victims remains under researched. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of offenders and victims involved in these incidents, analyse the types of offences, and understand the under-ascertainment of ARH in hospital records.MethodsA retrospective longitudinal study of 12–24-year-olds born between 1980 and 2005 was conducted using linked data from hospital admissions, emergency department presentations, and police incident records. Alcohol-related incidents were identified based on the attending officers’ opinions in the Western Australia Police’s Incident Management System (IMS). Logistic and log-binomial regression were utilised to analyse the factors associated with victimisation and under-ascertainment of ARH.ResultsOur study included 22,747 individuals (11,433 victims and 11,314 offenders) involved in alcohol-related police incidents, with a small majority of victims being female (53%, n = 6,074) and a large majority of offenders being male (84.3%, n = 9,532). Most victims did not receive a diagnosis of ARH (71%, n = 760). Women were 10 times more likely to have been a victim in ARH police incidents and 2 times more likely to have an undiagnosed alcohol-related hospital admission than men. Victims and offenders predominantly came from disadvantaged areas and major cities. Aboriginal individuals were overrepresented as both offenders and victims. A significant proportion of individuals experienced emergency department presentations or hospital admissions, with head injuries being the most common. Assault causing bodily harm was the most prevalent offence resulting in hospitalisation (66%, n = 2,018).ConclusionsThere is a noteworthy disparity between the quantity of hospital admissions attributed to alcohol-related incidents and the number of cases that are formally classified as ARH in the hospital system. This disparity highlights a more profound issue of substantial under-ascertainment or inadequate identification of ARH than previously acknowledged. Our findings justify the prioritisation of prevention strategies, beyond improvement in the documentation of alcohol-related hospitalisation. Considering the scale of the problem, and the underestimation of the burden of alcohol-related hospitalisation, a proportional increase in investment is necessary to achieve population-level reductions in ARH.

Policing juvenile delinquency in China: Exploring the influence of officer-related individual and organizational factors on discretionary police decision-making

PurposeThis study aims to explore police officers’ decision-making patterns for punishing, educating, and providing assistance to minors who have committed property, violent, or illegal drug use offenses. It further examines the impact of both officers’ individual characteristics and perceived organizational support on police reactions to the respective offenses. MethodsSurvey data were collected from 454 police officers at 18 police stations in a southwestern Chinese city. Police officers were provided with scenario-based vignettes that elicited their responses to the described offenses. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions were conducted to examine officer-related individual and organizational factors that influenced police decisions to punish, educate, and provide assistance to juvenile offenders involved in property, violent, and illegal drug use offenses. ResultsThe descriptive findings suggest that police officers may consider all three types of actions (i.e., punishing, educating, and assisting delinquent youth) in addressing juvenile delinquency (JD), with some variations in the actions taken in response to different types of offenses. The findings of the OLS regression analyses generally confirmed that both individual and organizational factors influenced police discretion on JD, but the effects varied according to police response and offense types. Specifically, punitive police attitudes toward delinquent youth and knowledge of relevant laws were robust predictors of officers’ intentions to punish juvenile offenders, and officers’ perceived community service roles and supervisor support were primarily correlated with their preferences for the use of education or assistance measures in addressing delinquency. Organizational training, however, did not show any significant effect on police inclinations in handling JD, regardless of decision or offense types. Unexpected findings are discussed in the “Discussion and Conclusion” section. ConclusionsThe study contributes to extant literature on police–juvenile encounters by examining the under-investigated individual and organizational correlates of police decision-making in the Chinese context. The findings highlight the importance of supervisory support and organizational training in managing individual officers’ discretionary power.

An examination of criminal offenders with dementia in Australian courts

This study aims to characterize people with dementia who were charged with criminal offences between 1995 and 2020 and describe their offending. Court cases were derived from Australian legal databases and descriptive data were manually extracted from case reports. Of 62 people variously charged with homicide, assault, child sexual assault, breach of conditions, property and larceny offences, driving offences, perverting the course of justice and arson, 46 were identified as having executive dysfunction, either as stated by medical expert witnesses or implicitly, due to conditions like Huntington’s disease and frontotemporal dementia. Offending history was found to differ depending on offence type and dementia type. Executive dysfunction appears to underly offending in the sample; furthermore, some disease factors may combine to ‘inhibit’ or ‘permit’ offending. Permitting factors include executive dysfunction and younger age at time of offending; inhibitory factors include dementia-related impacts on mobility, memory and reaction speed.

The role of character‐based personal mitigation in sentencing judgments

AbstractPersonal mitigating factors (PMFs) such as good character, remorse and addressing addiction help sentencers evaluate an offender's past, present and future behavior. We analyzed data from the 2011–2014 Crown Court Sentencing Surveys in England and Wales to examine the relationship between these PMFs and custodial sentences passed on assault and burglary offenses, controlling for other sentencing relevant factors. Beyond revealing the distribution and co‐occurrence of the three PMFs, it was found that good character, remorse and addressing addiction all had a significant mitigating effect. The effects of addressing addiction were the strongest of the three across both offense types, while good character had a stronger effect on burglary than assault. In addition, some mitigating factors appear to be underweighted when they occur together. We consider the implications of these findings for sentencing policy and practice.

Evaluation of sociodemographic, clinical and forensic medical characteristics of juvenile delinquents in Turkey

It is accepted all over the world that children whose biological, psychological, cognitive, moral and social development processes are ongoing and whose value judgments are not sufficiently developed should not be punished or that punishment reductions should be applied. This study retrospectively analyzed the variables in a Turkish sample of 315 cases in which the criminal responsibility of children (83.5% boys and 16.5% girls) was determined using forensic psychiatric evaluation. The most common types of offense were theft (33.7%) and injury (31.1%). It was determined that the children involved in theft offenses were more often boys whose families were low income and broken, and that these children were more likely to commit offenses again. The characteristics of juvenile delinquents can be used in social studies to aid with preventing the involvement of children in criminal offenses, and supportive and protective measures should be taken to assist these vulnerable children.

DNA Databanks as a Source of Information about the Criminal Behavior of Individuals Who Have Been Linked to Crimes but Not Identified by Police

Perpetrators of offences missing from police files limit the capacity to investigate criminal behaviour for criminological research and operational purposes. Recent studies have shown that forensic DNA databanks, which include samples of DNA not yet matched to an individual, have the potential to address this problem. By examining information associated with criminal cases that involved DNA matches, we demonstrate that individuals who cannot be identified through DNA differ from those for whom such identification is possible. Based on data from 19 years of DNA matches in Quebec, Canada, we were able to assess the co-offending and repeat offending behavior of unidentified and identified individuals as well as the diversification, level of severity, and types of offenses. We found that the crimes of the 1,448 individuals who had not been identified were marginal as compared with those of individuals who had been identified. Unidentified individuals were more likely to act alone in repeated crimes, to be involved in fewer cases, to use less violence, and to become more specialized with increased activity. Our results are consistent with other studies that demonstrate that the criminal activity of unidentified individuals accords with the exposure hypothesis. The association of these findings with a network analysis approach is innovative and could have a greater than expected impact on investigations and policies, as well as having implications for forensic intelligence.

Aggressive behavior of adolescents in the digital age: factors and methods of prevention

Currently, the topic of aggressive behavior of teenagers on the Internet is relevant. This article considers the basic concepts of aggressive behavior, types of offenses and crimes committed in the digital space, factors of aggressive behavior, as well as proposed methods of prevention of this type of behavior.

Дела о наказании за многобрачие во второй половине XIX – начале XX в.: межрегиональное исследование

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of cases of polygamy of residents of provincial regions of the Russian Empire - Tver, Tobolsk and Yaroslavl provinces. The purpose of the study was to identify and conduct a comparative analysis of archival documents that highlight the common and distinctive features of cases of punishment of persons guilty of remarriage when the first marriages existed, legally not dissolved and not terminated. The source base of the study was the previously unexplored archival materials of the State Archive of the Tver region, the State Archive of the Tyumen region in Tobolsk and the State Archive of the Yaroslavl region. The comparative analysis of the preserved documents showed the diversity of judicial practice with regard to the persons who violated the pre-revolutionary norms of rights. The authors compared the identified features of the stages of proceedings in cases of plural marriage and dissolution of marriage for legally authorized reasons. The resolution of cases on this type of offenses was subject to both secular and ecclesiastical courts. It is established in what cases the case was opened in spiritual consistory, and in what cases - in judicial institutions, for what reason and by whom were the initiators of the cases. Some peculiarities of document circulation between the mentioned instances are revealed. It was found out what the choice of the type of both secular and ecclesiastical punishment depended on. Numerous variants of information forgery and document forgery in such situations are considered. The most severe sanctions were imposed for providing false information about marital status. The role of priests and clergymen in observing pre-marital precautions, and of guarantors in testifying at a marriage search is examined. Strict divorce legislation, excessive bureaucratization of the divorce process, and total legal illiteracy of the population are highlighted among the reasons for the conclusion of illegal marriages during the lifetime of the spouse. The authors identified regional peculiarities of polygamy in the provinces of Central Russia and in the periphery. Most of the cases of polygamy discovered in the Tobolsk diocese were in one way or another related to exiles. Appeal to the history of divorce processes, violation of legislation in the conclusion of marital unions can be useful for rethinking the methods of prevention, resolution and prevention of modern marital conflicts in the modern period, when the necessity of punishment for polygamy is reconsidered. The study of the issue is also important for revealing the history of record keeping of official institutions.

Neutralisation techniques used by defendants charged with animal welfare offences in Finland.

Animal welfare offences encompass a heterogeneous range of crimes, including violence and various forms of negligence toward animals' needs. However, there is limited understanding of the offenders' rationalisations concerning their criminal behaviour against animals, despite this information being essential for enhancing the prevention of these crimes. Our data comprised 1,443 judgements in animal welfare offences in Finland between January 2011 and May 2021. We categorised the rationalisations used by defendants and identified differences between offender profiles according to the offence type. Nearly all defendants responded to the charges. Overall, defendants appealed most often to their challenging circumstances, e.g. a lack of resources. Defendants charged with offences against production animals offered more explanations than the other defendants and often denied their responsibility for the animals, or having caused them any harm, and appealed to financial problems, weather conditions, and having too many animals. Moreover, they frequently challenged the norms, appealing in particular to the immorality of the authorities, who were mostly official veterinarians. Defendants charged with animal hoarding offences rationalised their actions similarly to animal farmers, whereas those charged with violent crimes against animals more often cited provocative or otherwise problematic behaviour of the animal victim. Our results support the observation that farmers may perceive official animal welfare supervision negatively. Violent animal welfare crimes and animal hoarding stand out as distinctive types of crime at the level of rationalisations. The differences between offence types and offenders' underlying motivations should be considered when developing animal welfare control, agricultural support systems, and crime prevention.

Psychological Profiles of Colombian Juvenile Offenders: Variations Based on Offense Types

Introduction: young offenders are not a homogeneous group, and it is necessary to identify their psychological and psychopathological differences according to some classification.Objective: to characterize the psychological profiles of Colombian juvenile delinquents according to the type of offense, exploring possible differences.Method: a descriptive, quantitative, and cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 200 young offenders aged between 14 and 18 years. The Children and Adolescents Evaluation System (SENA) was used, which measures 29 variables related to emotional and behavioral problems (internalized, externalized, contextual, and specific problems), areas of vulnerability, and psychological resources of the adolescent. Participants were grouped according to the type of offense: group 1 (offenses against persons), group 2 (property crimes), and group 3 (drug trafficking and possession offenses).Results: the main finding was detecting clinical and statistical differences when comparing the groups. Comparison analyses showed statistically significant differences in 18 of the 29 variables. In all of these, the group 1 T scores were higher than those of the other groups, and the group 3 scores were lower than those of the other groups.Conclusions: the findings reinforce the thesis that young offenders should not be considered as a single group or as a homogeneous group. This finding is consistent with authors and research that argue for and present evidence in favor of a differential classification of juvenile delinquency and the existence of a special group that has committed serious offenses

Specifičnosti vršenja uviđaja kod krađa na pčelinjacima i oštećenja košnica

All over the world, including Serbia, honey bees (Lat. Apis mellifera) are considered very useful insects, partly because of pollination, and partly because of the bee products that people use in their diet. To justify the research, the paper presents the number of thefts at apiaries in the Republic of Serbia and in California, USA. Also, due to the existence of various specificities in comparison with other types of criminal offences of theft, the paper proposed a model of conducting investigations in situations where the theft was committed at the apiary. When conducting an investigation, there is a whole series of specificities. A proposal for the organization of the investigation was given, and the need for the engagement of various subjects was pointed out, as well as a proposal for the education of individual team members, due to the need for specific knowledge of the investigation team. The paper also presents a case from court practice in the USA, which resulted in the proclamation of the bee as an endangered species, and which could serve as a positive example of legislation for bees. Given that in the Republic of Serbia, criminal destruction and damage of other's property is prosecuted by private lawsuit, the engagement of the police is evident only in cases of theft at the apiary. If the bee is an endangered species, this would imply the involvement of the police in all criminal acts related to bees. The paper also provides an example of a verdict from the USA that declared bees a protected asset. Also, the possibilities of applying modern technologies during the investigation of beehive thefts, the search of suspects to find the object of a criminal offence, as well as the proposals of preventive action aimed at preventing these crimes in the apiary were considered.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНИХ ЗНАНЬ ПІД ЧАС ДОСУДОВОГО РОЗСЛІДУВАННЯ ШАХРАЙСТВА: КРИМІНАЛЬНО-ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНИЙ І КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

The article examines the criminal-procedural and forensic aspect of the use of special knowledge during the pre-trial investigation of fraud. It is noted that, from a practical point of view, it is advisable to divide the use of special knowledge during fraud investigation into procedural and non-procedural (organizational) forms. Among the main procedural forms is the involvement of a specialist in the conduct of procedural actions and the appointment of forensic examinations. Among the non-procedural (organizational) forms, the most effective are consultative and reference and analytical assistance of a specialist in the relevant field. Forensic examination is one of the important means of obtaining evidence during a fraud investigation. It is noted that the main forms of using special knowledge during the investigation of fraud are: the involvement of specialists in investigative (search) activities. Identification, fixation, collection of traces that may be important in criminal proceedings; appointment of forensic examinations. An expert's opinion may have evidentiary value in substance; consulting and reference assistance. Explanations of specialists who will help in establishing the truth, as well as obtaining information that can be used to appoint the necessary forensic examinations. Scientific development in the field of pretrial investigation of fraud is constantly developing, taking into account changes in the ways of committing criminal offenses and technologies. Especially in recent years, there has been an increase in interest in this direction due to the spread of digital technologies. The results of scientific research help law enforcement agencies to improve their work and respond more effectively to modern challenges in the field of combating fraud. The use of specialized knowledge in the pretrial investigation of fraud is an important component of the successful detection and counteraction of this type of criminal offense, as well as ensuring the objectivity of the investigation. The use of special knowledge combined with the professional experience and high level of competence of the investigator can significantly increase the effectiveness of the investigation and combat fraud. Key words: pretrial investigation, fraud, criminal offense, criminal proceedings, special knowledge, specialist, expert, forensic examination.

Impact of Fraud on Elderly Residents in Washington State

Fraud offenses are a pervasive problem for individuals throughout society, especially for elderly victims. This paper explores the impact of fraud on elderly victims in Washington state both by the number of victims and financial losses. A solution to this problem will assist law enforcement agencies, financial institutions, elder advocacy groups, and the public in understanding the impact and types of fraud utilized successfully against elderly victims. By exploring existing data sources of fraud victims, this study attempts to break down the fraud offenses to understand what types of fraud are being committed and what further research is necessary to fully understand and combat fraud offenses with elderly victims. Understanding the impact of elder fraud is difficult due to the low reporting rates, non-standardized definitions across jurisdictions, and rapidly evolving techniques used by offenders. Prior studies have been published analyzing the national impact of fraud offenses using self-reporting data collection from victims, such as the FBI’s Elder Fraud Report from the Internet Crime Complaint Center. These reports rely on victims to self-report to the agency in question and analyze trends at the national level. This study attempts to use local law enforcement data specific to Washington state to determine the number of victims and their financial losses. Overall, Washington’s elderly residents are one of the highest impacted demographics, making up 18.7% of fraud victims in 2022, with $44.8 million in losses. False pretenses, swindles, and confidence games continue to be the predominant fraud offense type in 2022 for elderly victims in Washington. While these data detail the scope of elderly fraud in Washington, further analysis and research are needed to determine why elderly victims continue to be targets of fraud and why false pretenses, swindles, and confidence games are the most successful types.

We are All Green: Do Military Experiences and Involvement in the Criminal Justice System Vary Across Race and Ethnicity Among Incarcerated Veterans?

ABSTRACT Although participation in the military impacts the lives of all who serve, little research has examined how specific military experiences and criminal justice outcomes vary for veterans of color compared to Whites. The present study examines the relationship between service elements and criminal justice involvement for incarcerated veterans of different racial/ethnic backgrounds. We examine how multiple service experiences (e.g. age of entry, length of service, discharge status, etc.) are associated with arrest frequencies and types of offenses among White, Black, and Hispanic U.S. incarcerated male veterans. Using data from a nationally representative sample of individuals incarcerated in state prisons, results demonstrate that race/ethnicity was not directly related to criminal justice outcomes, but different forms of military experiences were associated with involvement in the system uniquely across racial/ethnic groups. The findings provide greater insight into the connection between military service and police/court outcomes for veterans who are justice-involved.

Legal Responsibility Issue of Forensic Expert in the Field of Law

Changes to procedural legislation of Ukraine in 2017 added a new participant in lawsuit, namely: legal expert. Such an expert can be a person who has an academic degree and is a specialist in the field of law. Legislator did not put forward any other requirements for the new participant in lawsuit, that caused lively discussions, in particular, on the question of whether an expert in the field of law bears legal responsibility in general and what exactly. In view of the above, the purpose of this article is to determine the legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law. The methodological basis of the article is separate scientific methods of cognition, in particular: logical-semantic, systemic-functional, comparative-legal, structural-logical (reveals the issue of legal responsibility of an expert in the field of law) and methods of mathematical statistics (for quantitative comparative assessment and qualitative analysis of the obtained results). The article describes the rights and duties of an expert in the field of law, provided for by procedural legislation of Ukraine. Comparison of the procedural status of a forensic expert conclusion in the field of law with the conclusion of forensic research was made. Possible types of offenses by an expert in the field of law are proposed to be systematized into three groups: civil, organizational, and procedural ones. Four types of legal responsibility of forensic expert in the field of law are characterized: disciplinary, civil, administrative and criminal ones.