Types Of Hemolysins Research Articles

Purification and partial characterization of a non-O1 Vibrio cholerae hemolysin that cross-reacts with thermostable direct hemolysin of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

A newly identified hemolysin (NAG-rTDH), which is related to the thermostable direct hemolysin (Vp-TDH) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus produced by non-O1 Vibrio cholerae, was studied. NAG-rTDH was purified by successive column chromatographies on DEAE-cellulose and an immunoaffinity column coupled with anti-Vp-TDH immunoglobulin. The molecular weight of NAG-rTDH was estimated as 18,500, similar to that of Vp-TDH, as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate slab gel electrophoresis, but its charge or molecular shape was different, judging from its electrophoretic mobility. The lytic activities of NAG-rTDH on erythrocytes of most animals were essentially similar to those of Vp-TDH, but that on sheep erythrocytes was different. The hemolytic activity of NAG-rTDH was stable on heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min, as was that of Vp-TDH. Immunological cross-reactivity between NAG-rTDH and Vp-TDH was demonstrated by both the Ouchterlony test and the neutralization test. Thus, we conclude that non-O1 V. cholerae produce a new type of hemolysin that is similar but not identical to the thermostable direct hemolysin of V. parahaemolyticus.

M-9337, a new antistreptolysin, produced by Streptomyces sp.

A new biologically active substance, M-9337, was obtained from Streptomyces strain M-9337, a soil isolate. The producing organism was subsequently determined to be a new strain and named Streptomyces antihaemolyticus M-9337. The active substance was prepared as white yellow powder from culture broth by solvent extraction and silica gel thin-layer chromatography. It showed no antimicrobial activity and potent inhibitory activity against streptolysin, a type of hemolysin.

TYPES OF HEMOLYSINS PRODUCED BY STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS, AS DETERMINED BY THE REPLICA PLATING TECHNIQUE.

Haque, Riaz-Ul (The Ohio State University, Columbus), and Jack N. Baldwin. Types of hemolysins produced by Staphylococcus aureus as determined by the replica plating technique. J. Bacteriol. 88:1442-1447. 1964.-The type of hemolysins produced by a representative number of cells of a culture of Staphylococcus aureus was determined by the replica plating technique, with the use of sheep, rabbit, human, and horse blood agar plates. Unless horse and human red blood cells were used, a distinction between alpha-and delta-hemolysins was difficult to make. Strains producing alpha-beta-, beta-delta-, and alpha-delta-hemolysins were recognized by the replica plating technique. A few colonies produced lysis of rabbit, horse, and human cells without lysis of sheep red blood cells. This pattern of lysis was not detected by the radial streak or the tube titration procedures when mixed populations were examined, and may be due to a lytic factor not hitherto described.

THE HEMOLYTIC REACTIONS OF THE BLOOD IN DOGS AFFECTED WITH TRANSPLANTABLE LYMPHOSARCOMA.

During the course of the present year I reported a series of experiments on the hemolytic properties of extracts from organs and from tumors of dogs. I showed at that time that two sorts of hemolytic substances could be extracted from tumors. One of these, which was present in undegenerated tumors, was thermolabile, and hemolytic only when activated by a substance extracted from the red blood cells. This first substance is comparable to a similar hemolytic amboceptor present in certain normal organs, e. g., kidney. At about the same time and independently it was shown by Friedmann²that a hemolytic substance could be extracted from the pancreas, which destroys the red blood cells of the same species, when complemented by some substance (probably of the lecithin group) present in the serum of certain other species. The second type of hemolysin is present only in necrotic tumors;