Type Of Glue Research Articles

Pengendalian Kualitas dalam Perencanaan Produksi Menggunakan Alat Bantu Seven Tools di Perusahaan Konstruksi

Increasingly fierce competition in the business world encourages companies to further develop ideas for effective and efficient ways to achieve predetermined goals. Many factors influence the success of achieving company goals. One of the most important forces that supports the achievement of company goals and increases company growth in the market is quality or quality score. Product or service quality control is critical to ensuring customer satisfaction and business success. One of the quality control tools is "Seven Tools" or Seven Quality Control Tools. The seven tools method is used for the production quality control process with the aim of solving various problems faced regarding the quality of a product. Types of defects found in cold room products at PT. There are 3 Pendawa Cipta Sakti, namely `: Glue doesn't stick, scratches on the coil, and holes in the styrofoam. Based on observations from graphs on histograms and Pareto diagrams, the most dominant type of defect is glue not sticking, therefore a cause and effect diagram for the type of defect glue not sticking is made. Keywords: Manufacturing, Quality Control, Seven tools

Exploring green environmental composites as hosts for shielding materials using experimental, theoretical and Geant4 simulation methods

Rice straw is considered an agricultural waste harmful to the environment, which is abundant in most parts of the world. From this point, the present study is devoted to preparing new composites of two types of glue based on rice straw as a plentiful, low-cost matrix. Straw glue samples were prepared by mixing 20% wt. of rice straw with 80% wt. of animal glue (RS-An) and polyvinyl acetate (RS-PVAC) at different thicknesses of 1, 2, and 3 cm. The chemical composition of the prepared samples was identified by energy dispersive X-ray analysis and their morphology was examined using a scanning electron microscope. The mechanical test explored that RS-An and RS-PVAC respectively required a stress of 25.2 and 25.5 MPa before reaching the breaking point. γ-ray shielding performance was analyzed and determined at numerous photon energies from 0.059 to 1.408 MeV emitted from five-point γ-rays sources using NaI (Tl). Linear attenuation coefficient was calculated by obtaining the area under the peak of the energy spectrum observed from Genie 2000 software in the presence and absence of the sample. The experimental results of mass attenuation coefficient were compared with theoretical data of XCOM software with relative deviation ranging from 0.10 to 2.99%. Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation code was also employed to validate the experimental results. The relative deviation of XCOM and Geant4 outcomes was 0.09–1.77%, which indicates a good agreement between them. Other radiation shielding parameters such as half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer, and mean free path were calculated in three ways: experimentally, theoretically from the XCOM database, and by simulation using Geant4 code. Additionally, effective atomic number (Zeff), effective atomic number (Neff), equivalent atomic number (Zeq), and buildup factors were evaluated. It was confirmed that the γ-ray shielding properties were further boosted by mixing rice straw with the animal glue compared to the synthetic one.

Transarterial embolization of type 2 endoleak using coils and N-butyl cyanoacrylate: The importance of treating the nidus and sac branches

Background: Transarterial embolization (TAE) of the nidus and branches prevents aneurysm sac growth due to type 2 endoleaks (T2EL). Embolization materials include coils and liquid embolic substances such as N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue, a type of liquid embolic glue. However, when the nidus is characterized by heterogeneous perigraft opacity on computed tomography imaging with an ill-defined boundary within the sac, although reaching the nidus is possible, thoroughly packing it with embolic agents may prove challenging, sometimes leading to the alternative of embolizing the associated branches. This approach involves embolizing the branches close to the nidus and not distal from it. Objectives: Therefore, we aim to evaluate the efficacy of TAE for the endoleak nidus and its associated branches versus embolizing its associated branches alone directly connected to the nidus in preventing aneurysm sac enlargement after T2EL, comparing mid-term follow-up results. Material and Methods: In a single-center retrospective cohort study, we reviewed consecutive 59 patients who underwent TAE for T2EL from September 2017 to August 2022. After excluding cases with <6 months follow-up or without abdominal aortic aneurysm, 40 patients were included in the analysis. Initial treatment for all patients included attempts at direct embolization of the endoleak nidus and side branches using coils and NBCA glue. Even if the nidus was reached, if embolization of the nidus proved difficult, the directly connected branches were embolized instead. Data were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier curve for estimating sac enlargement freedom, with the primary outcome being aneurysm sac diameter change post-T2EL embolization. Results: No visible endoleak nidus was detected in any patient after TAE. Of all patients (n = 40), 60% (n = 24) underwent embolization through direct cannulation to the nidus. Direct TAE involving the nidus and main branches with coils, supplemented with NBCA glue, considerably hindered sac enlargement (P < 0.0001). Of 14 patients with sac enlargement, 72% (10 patients) had unsuccessful direct TAE, resulting in a significant association (P = 0.006). On the other hand, 77% (20 of 26 patients) without sac enlargement experienced successful direct TAE. Three patients displayed sac enlargement even after successful direct TAE using only NBCA glue (P = 0.04). Conclusion: Direct TAE of the endoleak nidus, using coils and supplemented with NBCA glue as necessary, is effective in preventing sac enlargement after T2EL embolization.

Impact of cryogenic environment on piezoelectric transducers used in SHM applications

A high number of actors of the space industry, including ESA (European Space Agency) and CNES (French national space agency), are engaged in a program aiming at developing future European reusable space launchers. In this context, PYTHEAS Technology has developed an embedded Non-Destructive Testing (eNDT) solution to ensure that strategic structural elements of the launcher are free of damage before a new launch, performing Structural Health Monitoring (SHM). The sensors used for this application are subject to severe temperature variations, including cryogenic temperatures. Cryogenic conditions are present in other fields requiring SHM solutions, such as liquid hydrogen reservoirs, increasing the importance of this study. Results of experimental tests are presented, where piezoelectric transducers are glued with two types of glue on samples of aluminum plates and carbon composite plates. A reference measurement is carried out before plunging the plates in a climatic chamber, down to -196°C. Pulse-echo and admittance measurements are performed during the temperature decrease and after the temperature rise. The admittance measurements show no deterioration of the samples after being immersed in liquid nitrogen: the transducers, wires, glue, and samples themselves have resisted to the temperature cycle. The pulse-echo signals’ time and frequency analysis show a linear attenuation of the signals relative to temperature. A difference in signal intensity and wave behavior has also been observed relative to the sample’s material: composite or aluminum. No difference regarding the type of glue is witnessed. These results pave the way for damage detection in harsh environments, since the system’s performance is maintained through a whole temperature cycle in cryogenic conditions.

The Effect of Type of Reinforcement, Type of Glue and Reinforcement Place on Mechanical and Physical Properties of LVL

This study investigated the effect of the reinforcement type, glue type, and reinforcement placement on the mechanical and physical properties of LVL. In the study, the glues used were phenol- formaldehyde (FF), epoxy (EX), and polyurethane (PU), while reinforcement materials used were glass fiber, basalt, jute, and cotton fabric. The following three reinforcement combinations were applied: the first was on the bottom surface, the second was on the first adhesive line at the bottom, and the third was on both the bottom and the first adhesive line at the bottom. As part of the study, researchers manufactured 9-layer laminated veneer lumber (LVL) using alder veneers for the surface, and poplar veneers for the middle layers. They produced a total of 39 different combinations of LVL. The mechanical and physical properties of the produced samples were determined. According to the test results, bending strength (BS), modulus of elasticity (MOE), oven-dry specific gravity, and equilibrium moisture content of samples were higher with FF than with other glues. While the samples with EX glue provided the lowest values in water absorption and thickness swelling tests, glass fiber-reinforced samples provided the highest mechanical values. In addition, the samples having reinforcement on the bottom surface provided higher BS and MOE values.

P53 upregulation by USP7-engaging molecular glues

Molecular glues are typically small chemical molecules that act at the interface between a target protein and degradation machinery to trigger ternary complex formation. Identifying molecular glues is challenging. There is a scarcity of target-specific upregulating molecular glues, which are highly anticipated for numerous targets, including P53. P53 is degraded in proteasomes through polyubiquitination by specific E3 ligases, whereas deubiquitinases (DUBs) remove polyubiquitination conjugates to counteract these E3 ligases. Thus, small-molecular glues that enhance P53 anchoring to DUBs may stabilize P53 through deubiquitination. Here, using small-molecule microarray-based technology and unbiased screening, we identified three potential molecular glues that may tether P53 to the DUB, USP7, and elevate the P53 level. Among the molecular glues, bromocriptine (BC) is an FDA-approved drug with the most robust effects. BC was further verified to increase P53 stability via the predicted molecular glue mechanism engaging USP7.Consistent with P53 upregulation in cancer cells, BC was shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and suppress tumor growth in a xenograft model. In summary, we established a potential screening platform and identified potential molecular glues upregulating P53. Similar strategies could be applied to the identification of other types of molecular glues that may benefit drug discovery and chemical biology studies.

Experimental investigation of generating superheated steam using a parabolic dish with a cylindrical cavity receiver: A case study

Abstract This study uses solar energy to convert steam from a saturated to a superheated state using a solar steam superheater system. This collector system comprised a parabolic dish with a cylindrical cavity. The parabolic dish is of 2 m diameter and 0.83 m focal distance, covered with a reflective surface made of 1,283 rectangular pieces of mirrors, each of 3.5 cm × 4 cm that were fixed in place with glue type (FnTai). The receiver is a stainless-steel cylindrical cavity having a diameter of 17 cm and a length of 25 cm. A helical copper coil with a diameter of 10 mm and a length of 6 m was inserted inside the cylindrical cavity. The experimental work utilized saturated steam produced separately from an auxiliary electric boiler system, which was made along with other system components. A 0.011 kg/s of saturated steam at a temperature of 112°C enters the copper coil and is heated by the solar radiation reflected by the parabolic dish onto the receiver. As a result, the temperature of the steam is increased to 169.5°C at the receiver outlet. It was found that the collector efficiency is 55.6%. In addition, the convection and radiation heat losses are 12.14 and 10.98%, respectively. Also, the heat losses of (spillage, reflection, and conduction) were estimated to be 21.18%. The mass flow rate and pressure of the saturated steam from the boiler and entering the receiver affected the superheated steam production process. The process of superheating the steam, coupled with the subsequent improvement in thermal performance, indicates an increased efficiency of the collector. This is achieved by boosting the generation of useful heat and mitigating heat losses.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МІЦНОСТІ БАГАТОШАРОВИХ ТЕКСТИЛЬНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ МАТЕМАТИЧНОГО МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ

The strength characteristics of multilayer textile materials are important indicators that affect their reliability and durability. When gluing layers of materials, one of the fundamental properties of matter is used - adhesion. Adhesion relative to textile materials is to obtain a non -detachable connection of the textile cloth and the canvas of the base by establishing between them with glue when heated with plastic deformation and further cooling of all components. During operation there is a displacement of layers relative to each other, as a result, the fabric is destroyed as a whole. Therefore, the process of destruction of adhesive connection of layers of textile materials is a consistent deformation of the adhesive and protruding fibers of the fabric and the canvas of the base before displacement, deformation (elongation) or destruction. The authors of the article investigated the influence of the mechanical properties of textile materials on the strength of the adhesive connection of layers of composite materials. A method of fabric strength research using mathematical modeling has been developed, which allows, without time-consuming experimental studies, to predict the loss of strength with known values ​​of the properties of fabric fibers, the number of layers, and the type of glue. On the basis of the theory of gluing of textile materials, theoretical and experimental studies of the strength of the adhesive connection of multilayer materials were carried out. When studying the strength of an adhesive joint, the main indicator is the magnitude of forces during delamination. The process of destruction of the adhesive connection of layers of textile materials in the event of a delamination load is considered as a sequential deformation of the glue with protruding fibers of the fabric and the base fabric until their displacement, deformation (elongation) or destruction.

A New Type of Expanded Graphite-Based Heat-Conducting Glue and Its Application in Heat-Non-Burning Cigarette

With the popularity of heat non-combustible cigarettes, a new type of tobacco product, higher requirements have been put forward for the thermal conductivity of tobacco materials compared to traditional tobacco. In order to make the tobacco uniformly heated, adding high thermal conductivity materials to the tobacco to improve the thermal conductivity of the tobacco in the heat-non-burning smoke is a conventional practice. Therefore, this article introduces expanded graphite with high specific surface area and high thermal conductivity as the main material of thermal conductivity, and the polymer obtained by esterification reaction of biomass material polylactic acid, citric acid and diol are utilized as the adhesive glue. Research shows that this material enhances the heating performance of tobacco in heat non-combustible cigarettes. The thermal conductivity measured by adding 3 ml, 4 ml, and 6 ml of the expanded graphite viscous mixture to the filter paper spacer increased sequentially both at room temperature and at 100 degrees Celsius, and all of them were higher than that of the blank filter paper. This method effectively realized the fixation of the expanded graphite thermal conductive material on the surface of the tobacco, which greatly improved the thermal conductivity performance of the tobacco and made this new type of heat cigarettes more uniformly heated.

Thermal Insulation Panels with Bio-Based Adhesives

Environment friendly insulation panels were manufactured and tested made of pine wood fibers and glued with a bio-based adhesive, called dextran. The aim of this work was to determine relevant technical properties of panels fabricated with this new glue type. In the panels, the ratio of dry glue content was varied from 30% to 60% with 10% steps which runs served as comparison basis. The density of the insulation panels was set to 70 kg/m3, 100 kg/m3 and 125 kg/m3. Beside their thermal conductivity, the compression strength, the bonding strength, and the wetting angle of the adhesive were measured. With the variation of panel densities, the thermal conductivity is in a narrow range of 0.039 to 0.042 W/mK. The resistance to compression at 10% strain was measured to be 0.3 MPa, 0.35 MPa and 0.4 MPa in the panels with 70 kg/m3, 100 kg/m3 and 125 kg/m3, respectively. The wetting angle of the adhesives seemed to correlate only weakly with the bonding strength, and the glue`s wetting ability diminished with the increase of the glue content. The results seem to be competitive if compared with the traditionally used glass and rockwool, and foam insulation materials.

Effect of Percentage Variation of Ketapang Fruit Biobrickets on Health Value and Combustion Rate

This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the percentage of Ketapang fruit (KF) bio briquette on calorific value and burning rate. This research is experimental in a physics laboratory with a literature review carried out in three stages, namely the preparation stage, the bio briquette manufacturing stage, and the bio briquette testing stage. The main ingredient used in the manufacture of bio briquettes is Ketapang fruit. The adhesive materials used were tapioca flour and sago flour with percentages of 10%, 12.5% ​​and 15%. The results showed that the calorific value of the following bio briquettes using the tapioca predicate included 5,139.45 Cal, 5,540.97 Cal, 5,922.42 Cal, and those using the sago predicate including 2,409.12 Cal, 3,653.83 Cal, 3,894.74 cal. The highest calorific value was in bio briquettes with tapioca adhesive type in the sample at 85%:15%. The burning rate of bio briquettes using tapioca glue included 1.98 gr/minute, 1.76 gr/minute, 1.62 gr/minute and those using sago glue included 2.62 gr/minute, 2.50 gr/minute, 2.31 gr/minute. The lowest burning rate value was in bio briquettes with the type of sago glue in the sample at 85%:15%. Based on the test results, it is known that the lower the percentage of keta pang fruit in the bio briquettes, the lower the burning rate, and the resulting calorific value increases.

Effects of secondary bonding process parameters on the bonding and mechanical properties of bamboo scrimber composite: Glue type, spread rate and pressure

Bamboo scrimber composite (BSC), which demonstrates huge potential in construction applications is a novel composite material prepared from bamboo and phenolic resin. The aim of this study was to address the issue regarding the size of BSCs via a secondary bonding mechanism. In this work, the effects of glue type, spread rate and pressure on the bonding and mechanical properties of secondary bonding-bamboo scrimber composites (S-BSCs) were investigated. The bonding properties were tested through shear and delamination tests, and the mechanical properties were characterized by modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and compressive strength(CS). The results of the study revealed that the bonding properties of S-BSCs were optimized when Phenol-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde resin (PRF) was used as the glue, at a spread rate and pressure of 275–300 g/cm2 and 1.2 MPa, respectively. The highest shear strength and wood failure percentage, as well as the lowest boiling delamination rates for two cycles were achieved at a PRF spread rate of around 275–300 g/cm2, under a pressure of 1.0 MPa. which were 24.84 MPa, 90.19%, 0% and 0.77% respectively. On the other hand, the lowest boiling delamination rates of 0.23% and 0.89% for two cycles, respectively were found at a PRF spread rate of 225–250 g/cm2 under a pressure of 1.2 MPa. The study revealed that the values of the MOR and MOE, as well as of CS for the S-BSCs were comparable with those of the BSC samples (146.98 MPa, 14.92 GPa, 125.49 MPa) in the pressure ranges of 144.73–148.10 MPa, 13.77–15.05 GPa, and 120.61–125.86 MPa, respectively. Also, it was found that the mechanical properties of S-BSCs were independent of the type of glue, spread rate, and pressure. Overall, this study determined the effect of secondary bonding process on the bonding and mechanical properties of BSCs.

Metamodern Spell Casting

Metamodern Spell Casting

Development of novel sustainable hyperbranched polyester wood adhesives from glycerol and maleic anhydride by solvent free method

Tri-formaldehyde glue is a widely used type of wood glue, but the formaldehyde that it releases is extremely harmful to human health. In this paper, a new biomass adhesive is proposed to replace the triple-formaldehyde adhesive. A hyperbranched polyester was prepared using two cheap biomass materials, glycerol and maleic anhydride, using a solvent-free method. The hyperbranched polyester has good thermal properties. As an adhesive, it has better bonding and water resistance properties than tri-formaldehyde adhesives. In particular, after 3 h of boiling water immersion, the plywood still had a shear strength of about 1.12 MPa, which still satisfied the requirements of Chinese national standard (≥0.7 MPa). What's more, this synthesis is simple to perform, does not require solvents, and leaves a clean by-product which is water. Therefore, the method is expected to be replicated in industry.

Strongly correlated bosons mediating Cooper pairing in high temperature superconductivity of cuprates

Despite much theoretical study concerning high-temperature superconductivity of cuprates, its microscopic theory still remains an insufficient stage. Of unsolved problems, the most fundamental problem is to identify fermions forming Cooper pairs and the interaction between these fermions. Especially, how two fermions can be bound into the Cooper pairs remains one of the biggest questions in condensed matter physics. We considered here whether the so-called “glue” binding the fermions can exist or not, using d-p model adopted in our recently proposed theory emphasizing that the electronic state of the cuprates superconductors can be represented by the doping-dependent composite fermions. Applying two steps canonical transformation to d-p model Hamiltonian, we find the possibility that there is a new type of glue which bears a close analogy to the plasmon in electron gas. The glue is a boson (we call it strongly correlated boson) constructed with d and p fermions. It is shown that BCS-like gap equation containing the attractive interaction mediated by this boson leads to the appearance of d-wave superconductivity in cuprates.

THE EFFECT OF ADHESIVE TYPE AND REINFORCEMENT TYPE ON FLEXURAL DEFORMATION OF BENDING LVL

In this study, the effect of reinforcement type and glue type on the amount of flexural deformation of reinforced bending LVLs was investigated. Within the scope of the study, 2.2mm peeled poplar veneer and 1.5mm peeled alder veneer were used as wood material. Glass fiber and basalt fabric (200g/m²) were used as reinforcement. Alder veneer was used on the lower and upper surfaces, and poplar veneer was used on the middle layers. Reinforcement material was applied to the convex surface of the bending LVL. A total of 7 different combinations of bending LVLs in the form of chair leg-armrest were produced. Flexural test, tensile test and ANSYS analysis were performed on the produced LVLs. According to the test results, it was determined that there was a decrease in flexural deformation with the use of reinforcement. It was determined that the best results were obtained with the use of glass fiber and epoxy. In addition, ANSYS results and real test results were found to be similar.

Tissue Adhesives in Ophthalmology

Tissue glue is increasingly becoming a material of choice as an adjuvant to surgical wound closure in ophthalmology. Various
 types of glues have been unique in terms of their advantages and limitations and so are used in different indications. However,
 acceptance of these adhesives by clinicians promises this to be a standard procedure for surgical wound closure.

Effect of Hot Glue Additive on the Rheological Properties of Asphalt Cement and Mixtures Performance

In general, the physical and rheological properties of asphalt binder are directly affecting the resistance of asphalt mix to the permanent deformation (rutting), water damage, and thermal cracking. The degradation in these properties leads to severe distresses that appear in the pavement and, consequently, make the repair and maintenance very expensive. Since the modified-asphalt cement may help to minimize such aforementioned distresses, this research is established for this purpose. It aims to investigate the physical and rheological properties of modified-asphalt cement with silicone, dense silicone rubber, and ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber. Five contents for each type of hot glue are investigated; 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, and 2% of the asphalt cement weight. Conventional asphalt cement tests such as penetration, softening point, dynamic viscosity, and ductility tests are conducted to evaluate the hot glue-modified asphalt cement properties. Moreover, the Marshall and indirect tensile strength tests are conducted to examine the effect of hot glue on the performance of the asphalt mixtures at concentrations of 0.8 and 1.6% of the asphalt cement weight. The results show that the hot glue-modified asphalt cement leads to an increase in the hardness and consistency, and a reduction in the temperature susceptibility of asphalt cement. These features lead to better Marshall stability and tensile strength ratio, as compared with the standard asphalt cement mixture.

Application of external prestressing to timber-concrete composite beams

Timber-concrete composite beams are classified as modern constructions. They are created by connecting a timber and concrete element. They are designed in such a way that the concrete part of the beam is placed in the compressed zone, and the timber part is placed in the tension zone. Different types of fasteners can be used for connecting, from mechanical (screws, nails, perforated plates, parts of steel profiles, etc.) to chemical (various types of glues). In this work, the possibility of active strengthening for this type of beam by external prestressing, is examined. One way for applying an external prestressing force is shown. By experimental testing are determined results for prestressed and beam without prestressing. Obtained results are presented and compared.

Adhesive type’s effects on adhesive strength of densified reinforced laminated wood obtained from black poplar (Populus nigra L.)

Wood material is the most critical indoor and outdoor building element that has not changed since ancient times. Previous studies have determined that the mechanical properties of tree species with low industrial importance, such as poplar wood, can be improved when they are subjected to the densification process. In addition, it has been determined in studies that the lamination process has a positive effect on the mechanical properties of the wood material. This study aimed to assess the impact of the glue type on the bonding strength during the lamination process of the densified black poplar (Populus nigra L.) using reinforcement material. Wood materials were subjected to densification at 140 °C for 10 min. Then, the densified boards were laminated in 3 layers with a reinforcement element (Kevlar®®, fiberglass, and carbon fiber) between the two wooden boards. It was determined that the best result was obtained with the combination of Akfix polyurethane resin type and carbon fiber reinforcement material (8.49 N/mm2).