Types Of Conservatism Research Articles

The Marital Integration of Religious Independents: A Reevaluation of Its Significance

Research on individuals who become religious independents ("Nones") has generally overlooked or dismissed one measure of social integration: marital status. The present investigation, using data from the merged file (1973-1984) of the N. O.R.C. General Social Surveys, demonstrates the importance that marital integration has for the study of religious independence. In comparison with those who identify with religious groups, the independents are less likely to be married, and, if they do marry, they are more likely to be divorced, separated, and involved in a remarriage. Their identification as religious independents appears to be less related to parents' and spouses' religion than does the identification of religious affiliates. Not only does marital integration differentiate independents and affiliates, but, in some ways, marriage is a stronger correlate of other types of integration among independents than among affiliates. Marriage appears to increase reported personal happiness, to increase belief in life after death, and to increase certain types of conservatism. The relevance that these findings have for various theories of apostasy is discussed.

Inheritance of antibody specificity V. Anti-2-phenyloxazolone in the mouse.

Antibodies to hapten 2-phenyloxazolone (phOx) of all BALB/c and DBA/2 mice have the same idiotype and the same major (public) isoelectric focusing pattern whose main spectrotype is called Ox-1. Neither of these characteristics could be readily demonstrated in anti-phOx antibodies of C57BL, C3H or LP mice; these antibodies were heterogeneous, and lacked public spectrotypes. Also, a fine specificty difference could be demonstrated between anti-phOx antibodies of BALB/c and C5MBL mice; the latter have a higher relative affinity than the former for a structural analogue of phOx (2-o-iodophenyloxazolone). The three BALB/c characteristics were inherited in congenic and recombinant inbred strains as an allotype-linked block, defining a new VH marker, VHphOx. Murine anti-phOx antibodies were found to exhibit three types of conservatism: (a) Every individual mouse of strains BALB/c, DBA/2 or BAB-14 had an almost indistinguishable IEF pattern. (b) These patterns (and the cross-reactive idiotype) remained virtually unchanged during an immunization course of 70 days. (c) An identical idiotype (and in some cases IEF pattern) was present in mouse strains of five different allogroups.

The Constitution and Progress

displayed during that period to a policy of governmental laissez faire. Yet, on the other hand, the measure of truth which the paradox contains may be appreciated when we reflect that in hardly any other country is serious political sponsorship given to so many proposals of a raw and irresponsible character, while hardly anywhere else do such proposals command the large majorities which they sometimes receive in our legislative bodies. On the other hand, we may lay equal claim to preeminence in a certain type of conservatism. While our conservatism is, of course, not that of the European old regime, it is nevertheless extreme in resting largely content with an equipment of political ideas and doctrines which took final shape in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.