Types Of Cards Research Articles

Autonomic Symptoms Correlate with Non-Autonomic Non-Motor Symptoms and Sleep Problems in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Objective: The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between autonomic and non-autonomic non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: Sixty-five PD patients were included in this study (27 men and 38 women; aged 68.5 ± 10.0; Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stage 2.6 ± 1.1). The autonomic symptoms were evaluated by the Japanese version of the Scales for outcomes in PD autonomic (SCOPA-AUT) questionnaire. The patients were assessed with the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), PD sleep evaluation scale-2 (PDSS-2), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and Beck’s depression inventory II (BDI-II). The Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) total scores and subscores of non-autonomic non-motor symptom domains (sleep/fatigue, mood/cognition, perceptual problems/hallucination, and attention/memory) were evaluated. A dopamine transporter (DAT) scan, metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy, and card type olfactory identification test (open essence [OE, Wako]) were performed. Results: The SCOPA-AUT total score was positively correlated with the disease duration, HY stage, levodopa equivalent dose, PDSS-2, ESS, BDI-II and non-autonomic NMSS and inversely correlated with the MMSE. The high-SCOPA-AUT group (≥9) had lower MMSE scores and higher PDSS-2, ESS, BDI-II and non-motor NMSS scores than the low-SCOPA-AUT group (< 9). The DAT scan, MIBG uptake and OE score did not differ between the groups. In a stepwise linear regression analysis, which excluded possibly overlapping items among the scales, the subtotals of PDSS-2 items, except for item 8 (nocturia), (p < 0.0001) and non-autonomic NMSS domains (p = 0.00040) were significant predictors of the total SCOPA-AUT score. Conclusion: Our study shows significant correlations among autonomic symptoms, PD-related sleep problems and non-autonomic non-motor symptoms in PD patients.

“Is it worth my time and effort?”: How children selectively gather information from experts when faced with different kinds of costs

Gathering good-quality information is important for effective learning, but children may often need to expend time or energy (i.e., costs) in order to do so. In this study, we examined how 4- and 5-year-olds (N = 91) gather information from others when one source of information comes at a cost. Children were given three types of question cards (doctor-related, mechanic-related, and neutral questions) and could assign each question to either a doctor or car mechanic puppet. One puppet (either the doctor or the car mechanic, counterbalanced) could be accessed immediately, but the other puppet required either waiting 30 s or completing a tedious sorting task first. Children’s verbal intelligence and executive function skills were also assessed. Results showed that cost influenced how children sought information from each of the expert puppets; children selected the costly expert for domain-relevant questions at chance levels and otherwise strongly preferred to question the non-costly puppet. In addition, executive function skills (but not verbal intelligence) related to how frequently children were willing to direct questions to the costly puppet. Overall, these results indicate that children are influenced by costs when gathering information from others and that their ability to expend a cost to gather good-quality information may relate to their inhibition skills. Implications for encouraging effective learning are discussed.

Machine learning, template matching, and the International Tracing Service digital archive: Automating the retrieval of death certificate reference cards from 40 million document scans

AbstractScattered throughout the International Tracing Service (ITS) digital archive, one of the largest and most heterogeneous collections of Holocaust-related material, are hundreds of thousands of reference cards to official death certificates recording a fraction of individuals who perished within concentration camps. These cards represent the most comprehensive collection of digital material pertaining to these death certificates issued by Sonderstandesamt Arolsen, a German civil registry office. However, the reference cards can only be found dispersed throughout the Central Name Index (CNI), ITS’s 46+ million-card finding aid that is indexed only by name. Consequently, aggregating the death certificate reference cards for research requires an intractable manual search. I adopt template matching and machine learning to automate the retrieval of these cards from the ITS digital archive. I demonstrate the efficacy of my method on a test set of 22,117 hand-classified cards, reporting 100% precision and 100% recall. Running this algorithm on 39,967,358 scans of cards from the CNI, I identify 312,183 death certificate reference cards in 13.75 days of elapsed real runtime on a personal computer with only a single, $600 Intel processor. Finally, I demonstrate that this approach can be generalized to many different card types within the CNI, showing great promise for application to other archives.

Impact of technical information in magic-based inspiration tools on novice designers

There is a growing concern for design students to gain basic technological knowledge for design in real practice. While there is abundance of tools for creativity, technical information has never been implemented as inspiration for ideas. In this paper, to answer the demand of creativity tools with real practice, we created magic-based inspirational cards that contain technical clues of how each magic effect can be created in products. Two versions of the tools were compared: Magic cards (only illustration of magic effects) and Technical cards (illustration of magic effects with additional technical clues). The tools were evaluated with thirty novice designers in two design sessions. In the first session, they were asked to generate design ideas in a design task. Then a week later, they were divided into three groups, control group, Magic cards, and Technical cards. The experimental groups were asked to use the cards as a source of inspiration and to generate design ideas in the same design task. The ideas generated by the participants were assessed in terms of creativity and intended user experience (UX). The findings show that the use of both types of magic-based cards resulted in significantly higher scores in originality and flexibility of ideation. Also, the use of Technical cards led to significantly higher intended UX scores. The analysis of products’ behaviors (outputs) showed a significant increase of physical outputs when magic-based inspiration is provided. Our study suggested that, for novice design students, the Magic Effects set together with technological clues could enhance creativity in ideation.

Dried Blood Spots for Global Health Diagnostics and Surveillance: Opportunities and Challenges.

.There is increasing interest in using dried blood spot (DBS) cards to extend the reach of global health and disease surveillance programs to hard-to-reach populations. Conceptually, DBS offers a cost-effective solution for multiple use cases by simplifying logistics for collecting, preserving, and transporting blood specimens in settings with minimal infrastructure. This review describes methods to determine both the reliability of DBS-based bioanalysis for a defined use case and the optimal conditions that minimize pre-analytical sources of data variability. Examples by the newborn screening, drug development, and global health communities are provided in this review of published literature. Sources of variability are linked in most cases, emphasizing the importance of field-to-laboratory standard operating procedures that are evidence based and consider both stability and efficiency of recovery for a specified analyte in defining the type of DBS card, accessories, handling procedures, and storage conditions. Also included in this review are reports where DBS was determined to not be feasible because of technology limitations or physiological properties of a targeted analyte.

Assessing the Competitive Effects of Surcharging the Use of Payment Mechanisms

The Department of Justice’s theory of liability in its case attacking the non-discrimination provisions in American Express’s merchant acceptance contends that point-of-sale competition on the price of making a purchase with a credit card is an instrument creating economic efficiency. That is, the economy would run more efficiently, and consumers would be better off, if merchants were free to charge variable prices for different types of credit cards. After all, charging different prices for using different types of payment mechanisms appears to be just another form of presumptively positive price competition. The Second Circuit rejected that conclusion, recognizing that in credit card markets competition already occurs at multiple points. American Express must compete to: • convince cardholders to apply for and use its cards; and • convince merchants to accept its cards. The question, the Second Circuit correctly recognized, is whether adding a third type of competition – for cardholders to use the card when merchants pass through their card acceptance fees – would make American Express’s card network more efficient? By prohibiting merchants who accept American Express cards from discriminating against the brand, the card company imposed a unilateral vertical restraint. Such restraints are often deemed to be reasonable under the antitrust laws because they may “stimulate inter-brand competition.” This is because an upstream provider, like American Express, has little interest in reducing its downstream sales. It would only impose a vertical restraint if that restraint efficiently helped it to sell more products. Only when an upstream or downstream provider has market power enabling it to impose restraints that harm consumers by raising price or lowering quality does a vertical restraint violate the antitrust laws. The Department of Justice’s theory postulated that the non-discrimination provisions in American Express’s merchant agreements harmed consumers by effectively requiring merchants to increase their prices to cover higher credit card fees for all customers because merchants could not pass the cost of accepting American Express directly to American Express’s own customers. The Second Circuit acknowledged the potential for consumer harm would exist if American Express charged merchants supra-competitive prices and pocketed the excess as rents. But the court held that the government failed to prove that rivalry on the price consumers pay to use a credit card at the point of sale would increase efficiency in credit card markets. As the Second Circuit explained, credit card markets are two-sided. In order to prove harm to consumer welfare in a two-sided market, an antitrust plaintiff needs to show that a restraint makes the overall system less efficient. That is, do consumers overall pay more for less because of the restraint. A card network like American Express must compete for both cardholders and merchants. One therefore cannot demonstrate that price increases on one side of the market are inefficient without examining how those prices impact competition on the other side of the market. American Express argued that it used increased revenue from the merchant side to offer a better card product to its cardholders and compete more effectively with other card networks, like Visa, for cardholder loyalty. The Second Circuit did not definitively decide whether American Express’s non-discrimination provisions were pro- or anticompetitive. It simple concluded that two-sided market economics made the question more complex than the government plaintiffs acknowledged in trying the case. And based on the record evidence, the court couldn’t tell whether the non-discrimination provisions made the market more or less efficient. Since the plaintiff bears the burden of proving harm to competition, i.e. a reduction in efficiency to the overall market, the government plaintiffs had failed to prove their case. Part I reviews the economics of two-sided markets and provides reasons to conclude that non-discrimination provisions in credit card markets are efficient. Part II explains that two-sided market economics do not guarantee against supra-competitive merchant fees that would make the market less efficient. It then contrasts Visa’s and MasterCard’s fees in the 1990s and early 2000s – which were challenged by merchants in a class action – with American Express’s current fees. It concludes that the factors giving the merchants a plausible case against Visa and MasterCard do not support the government plaintiffs in their case against American Express. Part III addresses a systemic concern expressed in a recent New York Times editorial about how a decision in American Express’s favor might impact the future enforcement of antitrust claims against dominant firms. This Part concludes that those concerns are unfounded because truly dominant firms would be subject to scrutiny under Section 2 of the Sherman Act, and Section 1 vertical restraint cases already require proof of consumer harm no different from what the Second Circuit required in its decision favoring American Express.

Unclaimed Prize Information Biases Perceptions of Winning in Scratch Card Gambling

Unclaimed prize information (i.e., the number of prizes still available to be won) is information commonly provided to scratch card gamblers. However, unless the number of tickets remaining to be purchased is also provided, this information is uninformative. Despite its lack of utility in assisting gamblers in choosing the most favourable type of scratch card to play, we hypothesized that unclaimed prize information would bias participants’ judgments within a scratch card gambling context. In Experiment 1 (N = 201), we showed that participants are influenced by this information such that they felt more likely to win, were more excited to play, and preferred to hypothetically purchase more of the scratch card with the greatest number of unclaimed prizes. In Experiment 2 (N = 201), we attempted to ameliorate this bias by providing participants with the number of tickets remaining to be purchased and equating the payback percentages of all three games. The bias, although attenuated, still persisted in these conditions. Finally, in Experiment 3 (N = 200), we manipulated the hypothetical scratch cards such that games with the highest number of unclaimed prizes were the least favourable, and vice versa. As in Experiment 2, participants still favoured cards with greater numbers of unclaimed prizes. Possible mechanisms underlying this bias are discussed. In conclusion, across three experiments, we demonstrate that salient unclaimed prize information is capable of exerting a strong effect over judgments related to scratch card games.

Study of E-wallet Awareness and its Usage in Mumbai

E-wallet is a type of card which works electronically and also which is used for transactions made online through a computer or a smartphone. Its utility is same as a credit or debit card. Virtual cash or Cashless Transaction is an upcoming technology that has seen a tremendous growth in the past year. Cashless payments are now becoming a popular trend in almost every field. Demonetization has forced a lot of places to accept digital payments. Use of e-wallets helps in moving away from a cash based economy. In the process, all the transactions get accounted in the economy, which has the effect of reducing the size of the parallel economy. The presence of mobile wallet spreading from urban to rural areas on a large scale. Hence, wallet money sees a high bright future in near time. The present study tries to study and analysis of the usage of E-wallet.

상품권유형과 메시지 해석수준이 상품권 선물의도에 미치는 영향*

본 연구는 상품권 선물을 주는 사람의 견지에서 사용처가 폭넓은 백화점상품권과 사용처가 제한된 소매점상품권을 비 교하였다. 본 연구는 상품권 구매의도 및 광고메시지 태도에 대한 상품권 유형(백화점상품권 vs. 소매점상품권)과 상품권 광고메시지 유형(상위해석수준 vs. 하위해석수준)의 상호작용효과를 가정하였고, 상품권의 해석수준과 광고메시지의 해 석수준이 일치할 때 호의적인 소비자 반응이 나타날 것으로 예상하였다. 분석결과, 사용처가 다양한 백화점상품권은 광 고메시지가 상위해석수준으로, 사용처가 제한된 소매점상품권은 하위해석수준으로 묘사되었을 때 소비자의 반응이 더 호의적이었으며, 이러한 상호작용효과는 소매점상품권의 경우 더 크게 나타났다. 본 연구는 상품권 유형에 따라 광고메 시지의 표현방식도 달라져야함을 제안하고 있으며, 특히 백화점상품권보다 사용처 제한이 있는 소매점상품권의 경우 상 위해석수준(예를 들면, 선물하는 이유를 강조)으로 광고메시지를 표현하는 것보다 하위해석수준(예를 들면, 사용방법을 강조)으로 표현하는 것이 선물을 주는 사람의 입장에서 더 높은 구매의도와 광고메시지에 대한 태도를 이끌어낼 수 있음 을 시사한다.

PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF TIPE CARD SORT DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR DALAM MATA KULIAH KETERAMPILAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA KE-SD-AN MAHASISWA PRODI PGSD

Research begins from the low ability of learning Indonesian Language Skills to elementary school students Elementary School Education Studies. This is seen in the midterm exam results as well as interviews with lecturers of Indonesian Language Skills Speaking to SD-an. The objective of this research is to know the influence of active learning model of card sort type to learning Indonesian Language Skills to Elementary School Primary School Teacher Education Program students. The type of this research is Quasi Eksperimen. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and learning result tests and data analysis techniques with t-test and ANAVA. The results showed that the students' learning outcomes by using the active learning model of card sort type is higher than the conventional learning model both from the whole and from the learning motivation. And there is no interaction of learning model with learning motivation to Indonesian Speaking Skill to SD-an. So it can be concluded that the active learning model of the type of card sort and motivation to learn influence on Indonesian Skills to SD-an. Keywords: card sort, learning motivation, Indonesian language

Visual system for punched card reading in textile industry

ABSTRACTIn this paper we present a novel design and implementation of a vision-based system for reading punched cards. The new system is designed to visually retrieve information stored in punched cards and store them in digital format. The system is dedicated to types of cards used in mechanical Jacquard looms widely spread in different textile industries. Image processing techniques like searching for edges using gradient, normalized cross correlation, and image registration are efficiently utilized to face several challenges. The existence of different types of disturbances makes gradient-based search for the pattern holes insufficient to obtain zero error ratio. As expected image registration can cope with such a problem after efficiently solving the feature extraction and matching problem resulted from the fact that the card image does not contain any kind of information except the pattern holes which are not discriminating features. Experiments have been carried out using the built real system. Experiments show results with 0.041% error ratio. This ratio is highly satisfying the textile industry.

6-2 PCカード型FM多重放送受信機の開発

6-2 PCカード型FM多重放送受信機の開発

Developing Ideation Cards for Mixed Reality Game Design

Mixed reality games (MRGs) encompass a variety of gaming genres such as pervasive games, location-based games, and augmented reality games. They enrich the physical world with technology to create new and exciting possibilities for games – but at the same time introduce new challenges. In order to make the vast design space of MRGs easily accessible we have developed our Mixed Reality Game Cards. These are a deck of ideation cards that synthesize design knowledge about MRGs and enable collaborative design in a playful manner. In this paper, we describe the iterative development of the Mixed Reality Game Cards over the course of six studies. The final version of the cards constitutes a helpful tool for future designers of MRGs both for rapid idea generation as well as for more in-depth idea development. We achieve this by utilizing different types of domain-specific cards (Opportunities, Questions, Challenges) as well as promoting the inclusion of domain-extrinsic Theme cards and suggesting different rules for interacting with the cards.

Design and Optimization of Low Cost Booster-Based HF RFID Cards

Novel designs for high frequency radio frequency identification cards comprise an intermediate circuit between the main coil and chip, such that the chip is not physically connected to the coil on card which reduces costs of production, enhances the card’s robustness against mechanical stress and improves communication capabilities. Based on the Bode–Fano limit, we carry out a theoretical analysis on the bandwidth capabilities of such types of cards and their derivatives. We verify these results through simulations and measurements of our own design, denoted as booster-based cards. An optimization method for the design parameters of the booster-based cards is presented and derived. Measurements on three booster-based card prototypes are carried out showing the various bandwidth and power capabilities of the cards. Additionally, a comparison between the performance of such type of cards with respect to the conventional ones is presented. Card measurements included a chip, highlighting various states of the chip and its non-linearity.

Młodzi konsumenci reprezentujący pokolenie Y i Z jako nabywcy usług bankowych

The aim of this article is to show the influence of generational changes in the use of banking services by the two youngest generations highlighted in the literature: Y and Z both considerations are based on the available literature as well as surveys carried out by the author. The analysis showed that younger and older people are starting to use the banking offer. They are looking for solutions tailored to them, not wanting to adapt to the existing standard solutions. Both groups point to account access via the Internet or the ability to withdraw cash from ATMs. Studies have also shown variations in preferences: Generation Y pays more attention to account fees, types of related cards, or distance from a&nbsp;bank branch, Generic Z, fees for using a card, and the ability to pay by phone.

Postcards and the New York Suffrage Movement

Postcards and the New York Suffrage Movement Kenneth Florey (bio) In the decade or so that preceded the adoption of the Woman Suffrage Amendment in 1920, there was a surge in the number of suffrage-themed postcards that appeared nationally, with New York publishers leading the charge. The popularity of suffrage cards was consistent with the desire of many suffragists to develop new means of communicating with the public beyond speeches and tracts. Katherine H. Adams and Michael L. Keene, for example, focus on the developing efforts of Alice Paul and the National Woman's Party (NWP) to introduce "visual rhetoric" into the campaign through various forms of "street theatre," including parades, hunger strikes, and picketing,1 activities that could be supplemented by depicting them on postcards. Margaret Finnegan has studied the way many suffragists, attempting to make their messages more effective, also incorporated modern methods of advertising and mass marketing to appeal to an audience now influenced by "consumer capitalism." This appeal partially involved the merchandising of commodities, including badges, pins, and postcards. While postcards and other memorabilia could convey diverse meanings to different people, "postcards showing a long brigade of women marching in unity for suffrage deliver an impressive message of political commitment and courage."2 Postcards were "texts" whose illustrations, sometimes highly artistic, sometimes crudely amateurish, elicited emotive responses from suffragists and anti-suffragists alike. They also conveyed in Ian McDonald's words, "a contemporary commentary on many of the events of the campaign for women's votes."3 They were published by both suffragists and commercial [End Page 441] firms as well, although the productions of the latter often were extremely unflattering to the movement, portraying activists as dowdy harridans or naïve ingénues. More than other types of period memorabilia such as buttons, sashes, ribbons, and china, postcards convey the complexity of both suffragist demands and public responses. They contain "critical sub-texts that seldom found voice in argument and debate."4 To gain a more thorough understanding of the movement during this period, it is helpful to "read" and evaluate these alternative texts, a task that has been made difficult in the past because of their lack of general availability to the suffrage scholar. This situation has been alleviated somewhat recently by the appearance of several books and on-line sites picturing representative collections of suffrage cards,5 although their general significance still remains a rich topic for discussion and analysis. In publishing postcards, suffragists were cleverly exploiting a popular phenomenon, one that impacted American culture in a far more profound way than other suffrage memorabilia. New York publishers were not appreciably different from out-of-state firms in the way they depicted the themes, images, and arguments of suffrage. Their large number, though, and their proximity to several major suffrage organizations in the State helped place them in the forefront of a popular new way to disseminate both pro- and anti-suffragist ideology. Deltiologists refer to the period lasting from 1898–1917 as the "Golden Age of Postcards," when the sending, receiving, and collecting of all types of cards, suffrage related or not, became an international phenomenon.6 The "Golden Age" began at slightly different times in different countries, and its inception was precipitated by a variety of factors. These included [End Page 442] the introduction of cheaper postal rates for privately printed cards; developments in the printing process that made it possible for illustrations to become more attractive and colorful;7 and changes in postal regulations that created additional space on cards for both personal and printed messages.8 The total number of postcards that was produced both nationally and internationally during this period is staggering. Susan Brown Nicholson suggests that "billions" were mailed throughout the world prior to 1918; Frederick T. Corkett in 1907 posited that more than one billion cards prior to 1903 had been processed through the German Post Office alone; and Howard Woody noted that in 1909 the British Post Office had sold 833 million stamps for postcards, or the equivalent of 20 cards for every man, woman, and child living in the United Kingdom.9 The printing of cards declined considerably in Europe in 1914 with...

PLASTIC CARDS - AN OVERVIEW

The current study presents an overview of the development of banking in India from time to time specifically focused on the plastic cards usage trends since these have been introduced in Indian banking sector. Various types of plastic cards provided by banks in India like ATM cards, Debit Cards, Credit Cards and Smart cards have been discussed. The study also highlights the role of these cards as electronic payment tool to be used by customers and discusses clearing and settlement process of these cards. Some future plans made by various banks and institutions are also summarized in a way that it depicts the picture of its future growth and prospects in India.

A study on litigation and legal issues of subsidies for workplace skill development training

A study on litigation and legal issues of subsidies for workplace skill development training

Detecting home location and trip purposes for cardholders by mining smart card transaction data in Beijing subway

Automatic fare collection (AFC) system archives massive and continuous trip information for each cardholder. Mining the smart card transaction data from AFC system brings new opportunities for travel behavior and demand modeling. This study focuses on detecting the home location and trip purposes for subway passengers (cardholders), based on the internal temporal–spatial relationship within multi-day smart card transaction data. A center-point based algorithm is proposed to infer the home location for each cardholder. In addition, a rule-based approach using the individual properties (home location and card type) of cardholders and the travel information (time and space) of each trip is established for trip purpose identification. The smart card data from Beijing subway in China is used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Results show that 88.7% of passengers’ home locations and four types of trip purposes (six subtypes) can be detected effectively by mining the card transaction data in one week. The city-wide home location distribution of Beijing subway passengers, and travel behavior with different trip purposes are analyzed. This study provides us a novel and low-cost way for travel behavior and demand research.

MAKING VOCABULARY WHEEL GAME FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

Abstract : Vocabulary is an essential part of English learning. Mastering English words help students acquire the language. However, many teachers still use traditional ways in teaching Vocabulary. They only refer to text books and ask students to remember words without using any media. Lack of teaching media makes students feel boring and not interested in learning English. It is also hard for students to understand the language. The research question was “Is there a Wheel Game to learn Vocabulary for junior high school Students? The objective of this study was to make Vocabulary Wheel Game for Junior high school students. The method used in this study was descriptive research. It explained the problem qualitatively to uncover solutions. This product is an adaptation of wheel of fortune game. Its colorful design and a lot of pictures can attract students to learn vocabulary in a fun way. As mentioned above, the model of wheel already exists. However, the whole model, wheel, color, and the pictures were designed using tools from several applications and were made of wooden and paper material. The wheel in this game has sectors and each sector uses 26 alphabets. This game uses one type of card, called penalty card, which contain a lot of interesting pictures. The cards were printed in the photo papers. Keywords: English, Vocabulary Wheel Game, Teaching Medium.