Brush Type Research Articles

Visualization of Commercial Coating Penetration into Fagus crenata Blume Wood Using a Non-Destructive X-ray Microtomography

Coatings can be used as a preservative method to protect the wood, especially the wood surface. The different component of the coating’s dependence of the purpose of it. The Japanese beech (Fagus crenata Blume) applied by several Japanese commercials coating materials. The coatings application used were spray type and brush type. X-ray microtomography in Fuji, Japan was used for visualized the coating samples. The X-ray target used were Cu, and Mo with Al filter. The X-ray image analysis in 2D and 3D were conducted using image J and VGStudio Max, respectfully. The coating’s containing materials and the concentration of it strongly affected the image result of X-ray microtomography visualization. The different X-ray target shows the different image results. The larger energy of X-ray (Mo with Al filter) is recommended to use for visualization. The X-ray images shows the penetration phenomena, which can be applied to calculate the penetration depth.

Understanding the Reasons Behind Defect Levels in Post-Copper-CMP Cleaning Processes with Different Chemistries and PVA Brushes

Results from a series of post-CMP PVA scrubbing marathon runs performed in a high-volume manufacturing fab are scientifically explained via a series of controlled laboratory tests. The major differences in the ingredients within the cleaning solutions, and some of the key physical properties of the brushes are identified and their effects on various critical factors are studied. These include the magnitude of shear forces present in the brush-solution-wafer interface, the water uptake and porosity of the brushes, the diffusivity of a given cleaning solution through the micro-pores and macro-pores of each type of brush, the open-circuit potential in a dynamic process, and the availability of the cleaning fluid between the brush nodules and the wafer surface. Results show a strong inverse correlation between wafer-level defects and shear force. The latter is shown to decrease with solution availability at the brush-wafer interface which in turn is shown to depend on brush porosity and the diffusion rate of the solution through the pores. Our understanding is further strengthened by dynamic electrochemical analysis data where we see a greater interfacial chemical activity (i.e., an increase in corrosion current) as solution availability is increased.

Influence of brush type and brushing frequency on putting green ball roll distance and turfgrass quality

AbstractGolf course managers manipulate cultural practices in preparation for golf tournaments to increase ball roll distance (BRD) for short periods of time. Brushing putting greens, thought to be a relatively minimally disruptive cultural practice using brush attachments mounted to mower units to vertically orient leaf blades prior to mowing, is growing in popularity despite little research validating purported benefits. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of brush types (rotary, stiff push, and soft push brush) and brushing frequency (no brushing, once, or twice) combined with mowing on BRD and turfgrass quality on a creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) putting green over a 2‐wk period. All brush types produced a >20‐cm BRD reduction compared with no brushing by the end of the 14‐d trial in 2016 and 2017. Additionally, all brush types significantly lowered turfgrass quality, with the stiff brush resulting in unacceptable quality. Brushing and mowing once reduced BRD and turf quality compared with not brushing with daily mowing. Double brushing and mowing increased BRD equivalent to a single mowing without brushing, but turfgrass quality declined below acceptable thresholds. The results of this study indicate that brushing incorporated into a daily mowing regimen over a short 14‐d period decreases creeping bentgrass putting green BRD and quality. Increasing mowing frequency may eliminate BRD reductions from brushing, but golf course managers should practice caution when implementing brushing, especially over shorter periods of time when BRD and turfgrass quality expectations are increased.

Nodule Deformation of PVA Roller Brushes on a Rotating Plate: Optimum Cleaning for Nanosized Particles due to Liquid Absorption and Desorption of Sponge Deformation

It is very difficult to remove extremely small particles from the surface of the wafer. Here, we proposed a new cleaning strategy using brush scrubbing, namely, nodule deformation induced fluid flow. Liquid absorption and desorption due to brush deformation enhance the mixing of liquids containing small particles. In this study, we developed a setup that reproduced the actual movement of PVA roller brushes on a rotating wafer and observed the contact surface of the brush nodule. We modeled the brush nodule deformation for each rotating condition. As a result, three types of nodule deformation were observed. In most cases, the nodule side face, rather than the bottom face was mainly in contact with the wafer surface. Moreover, we compared two types of roller brushes, normal cylindrical nodules, and edge treated nodules and found that the deformation can be significantly changed by chamfering nodule edge.

ENTREPRENEURIAL LOCAL HERITAGE “FOOD” IN 2D-ANIMATION

A four-minute 2D animation is created on the theme of the antagonist's passion for food even after his death and the events in this animation where he makes endless efforts to take revenge on his friends. The computer soft-wares used for the development of the project were Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe After Effects, and Premiere Pro. Upon completion of the project, a visually engaging short 2d Animation was created. It is a vector art 2d Animation that is designed in Adobe Illustrator and later the details of the vector art have been given in Adobe Photoshop with different watercolor brushes. The highlights and shadows of the art were balanced with different types of brushes and for the animation, it has been exported to Adobe After effects. For the editing and sound, Adobe Primer Pro is used by adding different sounds of the street areas that have been downloaded from the internet. Entertainment is essential to all age groups whereas Animation is a great medium with a lot of potential in promoting entrepreneurial local heritage ‘food’.

Colloidal magnetic brushes: influence of the magnetic content and presence of short-range attractive forces in the micro-structure and field response.

The behaviour of supramolecular brushes, whose filaments are composed of sequences of magnetic and non-magnetic colloidal particles, has been studied using Langevin dynamics simulations. Two types of brushes have been considered: sticky or Stockmayer brushes (SB) and non-sticky magnetic brushes (NSB). In both cases, the microstructure and the collective behaviour have been analysed for a wide range of magnetic field strengths including the zero-field case, and negative fields. The results show that, for the same magnetic content, SB placed in a magnetic field present an extensibility up to two times larger than NSB. The analysis of the microstructure of SB at zero field shows that magnetic particles belonging to different filaments in the brush self-organize into ring and chain aggregates, while magnetic colloids in NSB mainly remain in a non-aggregated state. Clustering among magnetic particles belonging to different filaments is observed to gradually fade away as the magnetic content of SB filaments increases towards 100%. Under an external field, SB are observed to form chains, threads and sheets depending on the magnetic content and the applied field strength. The chain-like clusters in SB are observed to decrease in size as the magnetic content in the filaments increases. A non-monotonic field dependence is observed for the average size of these clusters. In spite of the very different microstructure, both NSB and SB are observed to have a very similar magnetization, especially in high strength fields.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ ФІНІШНОГО ОБРОБЛЕННЯ ПРЯМОКУТНИХ КУТОВИХ ХВИЛЕВОДІВ S-ДІАПАЗОНУ

Finishing of waveguides (sharp edges blunting, burrs removal, polishing of welding or soldering of the duct and flanges) is carried out in order to eliminate all surface damages that are formed from previous operations and give it the necessary roughness, which affects the amount of active power loss. In most cases of complex spatial shape rectangular waveguides with angled welded transitions, the finishing of the duct is performed manually or by means of small mechanization. An alternative to the finishing of waveguide duct is anode-abrasive vibration honing, abrasive-extrusion processing, processing on special grinding machines, hydro-abrasive pumping. These methods are low productivity, require complex equipment, washing treated surfaces, and are applied only to straight waveguides or those that have a smooth flexion. Preliminary researches of polishing the waveguide duct with a polymer-abrasive brush have shown good results in terms of roughness, performance and electrical parameters.To automate finishing of the waveguides that have simple form or one simple rectangular flexion, it was proposed to perform it on a horizontal CNC milling machine. For processing of waveguides two types of polymer-abrasive brushes of Osborne firm were consistently applied: internal and end brushes. Processing involved polishing duct in welding seam spots and a flange, burrs removal immediately after processing on the same machine on which milling of flanges of waveguides was carried out.Also for mechanization of finishing the complex designed waveguides (more than one flexion) it is offered to replace operation of consecutive manual polishing by small mechanization of polishing on special equipment. The trajectory of the tool was provided by a copier.This device also provides the preset tightness automatically and ability to adjust it as the tool wears out. As a result of the improvement in finishing, the manual polishing of the waveguide was completely removed, and the geometry and roughness of the duct were significantly improved. The development of special equipment has significantly (3…5 times) reduced time and human impact on machining accuracy.

Factors Associated with Dental Plaque, Gingivitis, and Caries in a Pediatric Population: A Records-Based Cross-Sectional Study.

This retrospective, cross-sectional study evaluated dental records of 1000 healthy children to determine factors associated with plaque, gingivitis, and caries. A logistic model for plaque and gingivitis (mild versus moderate/severe) and caries (yes/no) was carried out separately for each variable using the following potential factors: Age, Gender, Brush Type, Starting Age of Brushing, Brushing Frequency, and Bite Type. Data from 998 children (median age: 4 years, 10 months (range: 2.5–7 years)) were analyzed. Sixty-four percent were manual toothbrush users; 36% were oscillating-rotating electric toothbrush users. For plaque and gingivitis, but not caries, Brush Type was more impactful than Brushing Frequency. Age influenced the severity of plaque and gingivitis, with increases in the odds of having moderate/severe plaque or gingivitis associated with increasing age. The probability of caries increased until approximately age 5 and then decreased until age 7. Oscillating-rotating brush users were more likely to present with less plaque, gingivitis, and caries, with 6.0, 5.1, and 1.4 times greater odds of having mild (versus moderate/severe) plaque, less severe gingivitis, and being caries-free, respectively, than manual brush users. Similarly, brushing twice daily and starting brushing at an earlier age were associated with better oral health outcomes. Children with anterior bite abnormalities had increased odds of developing moderate/severe plaque and gingivitis than children with normal anterior bites. Gender was not a statistically significant factor associated with plaque, gingivitis, or caries. Children’s oral health is influenced by toothbrush type, starting age of brushing, compliance with twice-daily brushing, and bite abnormalities.

Development of Learning Media for the Elderly to Promote Child Health in the Community.

The purpose of this study was to develop learning media for the elderly to promote child health. The participants consisted of 172 elderly people aged 60 years and older in a suburban village of northern Thailand. This study consisted of a survey questionnaire and focus group discussions and was divided in to two phases: (1) exploring the needs of the elderly in the knowledge of child health and (2) developing learning media, so that the elderly can learn how to promote child health and evaluate its efficiency in the trial process. Results showed that the participants mostly preferred the topic of activities of daily living (ADL) in children. The learning media contributes two major contents: (a) knowledge of child development in five types of ADL performance, brushing, eating, dressing, bathing, and toileting, and (b) methods in teaching ADL skills in children. The digital contents in the learning media were proposed to experts for professional approval. Efficiency of the learning media was evaluated after the trial, when the participants expressed their opinion, and the users perceived that the learning media was effective, motivating, easy to use, and simple in the terms used, as well as appropriate in the sequence of contents and pictures and font, size, and color of the text.

Features of spatial localization of dental plaque during orthodontic treatment on braces

The aim of the study was to evaluate the features of spatial localization of dental plaque in patients with braces, depending on the type of toothbrush used. We enrolled 63 patients from 11 to 18 years old, needing orthodontic treatment on a bracket system due to the tight position of the teeth in unilateral cleft palate and lip (Q37.1 according to ICD-10) after reconstructive surgery, in combination with mesial occlusion (K07.2 according to ICD-10).
 Material and methods: We evenly divided all participants into three groups depending on the type of brush used. Group 1 (n = 21) patients used an orthodontic manual toothbrush (Professor persin, Spazzolificio Piave S. p.A, Italy). Group 2 (n = 22) patients used an ultrasonic toothbrush (Emmi-dent, EMAG AG, Germany) and group 3 (n = 20) used an electric toothbrush (Oral-B Pro-Expert, Procter Gamble, USA). To assess the level of hygiene and determine the spatial accumulation of plaque, we used the Silness Loe index in the modification of Williams P. et al. (1991) at various stages. These included one week after professional hygiene after fixing both arcs. Then, six, and twelve months of wearing them.
 Material and methods: Group I contained the most pronounced deterioration in the hygienic state of the oral cavity during orthodontic treatment using a manual brush. Predominantly, the plaque accumulated in pricesavvy region. Uneven distribution of dental plaque relative to orthodontic techniques in group 1 was found in all quadrants of the upper and lower jaw.Conclusion: When assessing the spatial distribution of dental plaque relative to the bracket systems, it was possible to identify an additional advantage of using an ultrasonic brush. In comparison with an electric brush, we observed slight expressions in plaque accumulation on the four surfaces of the tooth., In the posterior area, plaque accumulated without pronounced deviations from the other areas of the tooth.

SURFACE MODIFICATION BY ELECTRO-DISCHARGE MACHINING USING POWDER METALLURGY ELECTRODE: A REVIEW

Since the last two decades, many novel techniques have evolved from electro-discharge machining (EDM). Among them, surface modification is one of the rigorously growing technologies by which surface properties can be enhanced by providing a layer having a thickness up to some microns on the workpiece. Existence of tool material on the machined surface after EDM was observed previously. This attribute of EDM makes it a benchmark in surface modification technology. Surface modification in EDM can be done by using different types of electrodes like solid, powder metallurgy (P/M), brush type, etc. This phenomenon can also be acquired by suspending powder particles into dielectric media. However, P/M electrode gives superior results with less effort and also proves to be economical. In this paper, a review has been made on using P/M electrode in surface modification during EDM. The different types of electrodes for surface modification, development of P/M electrode, types of layers generated and surface roughness improvement are critically analyzed. Also, some scope for future works is suggested here.

Digital imaging methods for painting analysis: the application of RTI and 3D scanning to the study of brushstrokes and paintings

This work presents digital imaging technology as a tool for studying artists’ brushstroke patterns and painting techniques. Digital imaging analysis performed using reflectance transformation imaging (RTI) and three-dimensional (3D) scanning was used to observe the morphological textures of brushstrokes formed on the painted surface; this provided a “digital fingerprint” to indicate an individual artist’s specific characteristics. A model specimen was produced to examine the relationship between paint and painting tools. For painting tools, twelve types of brushes were chosen from the artist’s studio. The results revealed distinctive features among the different types of brushes. The model specimen was then further compared with the artist’s works and a replicated painting was also produced for comparison with one of the original works. The overall result provided information about similar patterns corresponding to the types of brushes the artist used for the model specimen and paintings. Distinctive painting pattern features were detected in the replica, although it was painted using the same material and type of brush.

Novel porous carbon microtubes and microspheres produced from poly(CL-b-VbC) triarm block copolymer as high performance adsorbent for dye adsorption and separation

Dandelion-like and microtube-containing novel porous carbons were synthetized from brush type poly (ε-caprolactone-b-4-vinyl benzyl chloride) (poly(CL-b-VbC)) triarm block copolymer with KOH (PCLVbK) and ZnCl2 (PCLVbZn) through optimized chemical activation at low temperature. These porous carbons were used for the adsorption and separation of cationic Malachite green (MG) and anionic Congo red (CR) and Methyl orange (MO) dyes. The synthetized porous carbons were characterized by SEM, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, FTIR, Raman and XRD. PCLVbK and Zn porous carbons were quite effective in cationic (MG) dye adsorption from aqueous solution thanks to different functional groups, surface areas and pore volumes. The MG adsorption capacities of PCLVbZn and PCLVbK were found to be 1684 mg/g and 869.5 mg/g, and these results are considerably higher than the other adsorbents studied in the literature. Also, it was determined that while PCLVbZn could adsorb both cationic and anionic dyes, PCLVbK could only perform the adsorption of cationic dyes. The kinetic studies conducted with MG showed that both PCLVbK and Zn porous carbons fitted better with the pseudo-second-order model. At the end of the adsorption equilibrium studies, it was observed that PCLVbZn fitted with both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models while PCLVbK fitted better with the Langmuir model. In conclusion, it was observed that PCLVbK could perform high and fast adsorption and separation owing to its oxygen functional groups, while PCLVbZn turned out to be effective in the adsorption of both anionic and cationic dyes thanks to its large surface area (1006 m2/g) and empty microtubes. Based on these results, it can be argued that PCLVbK and Zn porous carbons are promising adsorbents for both high adsorption and effective separation from aqueous solution.

Comparative evaluation of organic contamination sources from roller and pencil type PVA brushes during the Post-CMP cleaning process

In post-CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) processing, the use of poly vinyl acetal (PVA) brushes to clean the wafer surface is one of the most effective and prominent techniques applied for the removal of CMP contaminants. Recently, organic contaminants induced in different types of PVA brushes during brush manufacturing have been drawing substantial research interest in CMP communities. In this study, investigated the root cause of these residual organic impurities in two different types of PVA brushes was investigated: roller and pencil type brushes. PVA roller brushes have a skin layer due to the brush molding process, but pencil-type PVA brushes do not have the skin layer. Extraction of organic impurities from both types of brushes was accomplished using an ultrasound-assisted technique at a sonication frequency of 40 kHz, and input power of 600 W. Further evaluation of these organic impurities using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed a large number of organic impurities in roller brushes and negligible impurities in pencil brushes. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analysis confirmed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the organic impurities extracted from PVA roller brushes, which were generated during the brush manufacturing process. The PDMS content in PVA roller brushes was further analyzed using FE-SEM micrographs via dissolving the organic impurities in tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution (TMAH). During brush fabrication, the high content of PDMS organic impurities in roller PVA brushes is essentially attributed to the presence of the additional skin layer formed by the mold releasing agent at the mold-cavity interface.

The complexity of tooth brushing among older adults with intellectual disabilities: Findings from a nationally representative survey

BackgroundAdults with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) have poor oral-hygiene and oral health. A better understanding of their oral-hygiene behaviours will inform interventions to improve personal and population health. Objective/hypothesisTo identify the oral hygiene behaviours undertaken by and on behalf of older people with IDD. MethodsCross-sectional survey from the third wave of the Intellectual Disability Supplement to The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (IDS-TILDA) undertaken 2016–2017. Frequency of oral hygiene, level of support, type of brush used and for a subsample, brushing technique are reported. Bivariate analyses adopted Pearson’s Chi Square test of independence. ResultsThe sample (N = 609) had a mean age of 59.7 years (SD = 8.8); 88.4% (n = 536) reported tooth cleaning at least daily. The majority who had teeth to clean reported using standard toothbrushes (75.9%), with a minority using electric (9.6%) or modified toothbrushes (5.9%). Of the 505 who reported cleaning teeth, 285 (48.5%) did not report any assistance, 127 (25.2%) were totally dependent on another person and 133 (26.3%) reported assisted cleaning, of whom 40.0% (n = 52) were Supervised, reminded or encouraged, 27.7% (n = 36) reported Hand-on-Hand and 23.8% (n = 31) reported Brush-after-Brush techniques. An association was detected between assistance and type of toothbrush used (p < 0.001). None was detected between assistance and frequency-of-brushing (p > 0.05). ConclusionsOlder adults with IDD present with a complex mix of supports, toothbrushes and techniques. This highlights the complexity of oral-hygiene behaviour for this population and indicates the need for bespoke individual care plans and complexity in interventions to improve population oral-hygiene.

The Effectiveness of Waist-Shaped and Straight-Shaped Interdental Brushes in Cleaning Implant Overdenture Attachments: A Self-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Elderly patients often find it challenging to remove plaque accumulated on the attachments of implant overdentures (IODs) using conventional cleaning instruments. Further, excessive plaque accumulation can lead to peri-implant diseases and occasionally to respiratory diseases. Therefore, here, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of waist-shaped interdental brushes (WIBs) with that of straight-shaped interdental brushes (SIBs) in plaque removal from the locator attachments of IODs. Twenty participants with 2 locator attachments retaining mandibular IODs participated in this study. After the baseline cleaning, the participants refrained from oral hygiene maintenance for 3 days. A dentist cleaned 1 of the attachments using the WIB and the other attachment using the SIB. The pre- and post-cleaning modified plaque index (mPLI) scores were recorded. After another 3 days free from oral hygiene maintenance, the trained participants repeated the same cleaning procedure using the WIB and SIB. Pre- and post-cleaning mPLI scores were recorded. Regardless of the type of brush used, the post-cleaning mPLI scores were lower than the pre-cleaning scores. After the cleaning procedure, the overall mean mPLI score was lower in the WIB group than in the SIB group. The post-cleaning mPLI scores at the line angles and on the axial surfaces of the attachments were also lower in the WIB group than in the SIB group. There was no difference in the cleaning effectiveness between the dentist and participants when they used the same type of interdental brush. The WIB was significantly more efficient in plaque removal than the SIB, especially at the line-angle sites.

Synthesis and Characterization of Zwitterionic Polymer Brush Functionalized Hydrogels with Ionic Responsive Coefficient of Friction.

Freeze-thaw poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogels (PVA-H) offer great potential for several biomedical applications due to their biomimetic mechanical properties and biocompatibility. Despite these advantages, the use of PVA-H for load bearing applications has been limited due to poor performance in boundary lubrication compared to natural tissue such as articular cartilage. Recently, zwitterionic polymer brushes have been shown to act as effective boundary lubricants on rigid substrates; however, to the best of our knowledge, the synergistic effects of zwitterionic brushes coupled with the biomimetic fluid load support exhibited by hydrogels have not been reported. We report here on our investigation involving the synthesis and characterization of two unique types of polymer brush functionalized PVA hydrogels. The zwitterionic polymers that were compared contained either [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-3-sulfopropylammonium hydroxide, PMEDSAH, or 2-methacryloyloxyethylphosphorylcholine, PMPC, repeating units. Both hydrogels coated with zwitterionic polymers were found to be cytocompatible. We report further on micrometer-scale surface properties via water contact angle goniometry, surface roughness measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the impact of brush functionalization on the mechanics of the tribologically enhanced gels is reported with comparison to natural articular cartilage within the context of Hertzian contact theory.

Design and Force-Tracking Impedance Control of 2-DOF Wall-Cleaning Manipulator via Disturbance Observer

This article presents the design and force-tracking impedance control (FTIC) of a two degree-of-freedom (DOF) wall-cleaning manipulator. A novel 2-DOF wall-cleaning manipulator is designed not only to keep in good contact with different shapes of walls but also to avoid various obstacles on walls efficiently. By adopting two ball screws, 2-DOF motions of the manipulator, such as translation of 150 mm and tilting within $ \pm $ 13°, are achieved successfully. Also, the position-based FTIC is derived to enable the proposed manipulator to not only interact with walls in a desired impedance behavior but also maintain a desired contact force. The FTIC consists of a position-based impedance control (PIC) and a disturbance observer (DOB). While the PIC ensures the excellent force-tracking capability of the proposed manipulator in the steady state, the DOB is adopted to enhance its transient response, i.e., to effectively reject the disturbances caused by the various shapes of walls. The extensive experiments using the test bench equipped with the FTIC demonstrate that the proposed manipulator can maintain the desired contact force within $ \pm $ 4.5 N against the varying shapes of walls and the different types of roller brushes.

Comparing dryland cotton upland fibre quality from on-board spindle and stripper harvesting systems

On-board spindle and brush type stripper round module harvest systems were evaluated on commercial field scale for dryland Upland cotton in Australia over two harvest seasons. Observations on harvester performance, including harvesting efficiency, harvest loss, seed cotton yield and lint turn out were conducted at three locations, during the 2017 and 2018 cotton growing seasons, with a single variety. Fibre quality was measured by High Volume Instrumentation (HVI™) and Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS) and analysed to determine if there were any significant differences between the two harvesting systems. The stripper harvesters had higher productivity (i.e. hectares per hour), harvested more material with lower harvest loss than the spindle harvesters. The seed cotton harvested by the stripper systems contained plant material which resulted in a lower lint turn out than the spindle harvester although the yield in bales ha−1 was still higher. There were no significant differences in fibre quality as measured by the HVI except for colour and trash. The significant differences in colour and trash did not affect the economic return to the grower as the visual colour and trash grades were below, i.e. better than, the Australian base grade. There were also no significant differences in the fibre quality as measured by AFIS. It is hypothesised that the reasons for this was due to the appropriate timing and application of defoliation, harvesting when moisture content ≤ 12%, reduced leaf allowing for gentler ginning and mature fibre.

A comparative evaluation of manual and powered brushing on oral health and microbial status of mentally challenged individuals.

Background:Tooth brushing is a very simple and effective method for removing daily dental deposits and for preventing dental and periodontal diseases. In physically or mentally challenged person, there arises difficulty in oral hygiene maintenance so that oral hygiene methods may need to be simplified or modified to suit the individual situation.Methodology:Thirty individuals of age group 15–30 years with mild to moderate degree of mental retardation were selected. A randomized double-blind split-mouth design with Clinical Phase-i (aided brushing) and Clinical Phase-ii (unaided brushing) with a washout period of 3 days was conducted. The study duration was for 0–45 days. Two types of brushing that is manual and powered brushing were done. The recording of all clinical and microbial parameters were done on 0th day and 21st day while the clinical parameters were recorded up to 45th day.Results:On intragroup comparison, throughout the study phases, both manual and powered brushing significantly reduced the Quigley–Hein plaque index (48%), gingival bleeding index (GBI) (44%), and modified gingival index (52%). The Pearson correlation between GBI and periodontal pathogens like Prevotella internedia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum showed statistically significant relation (P < 0.05) in powered brushing group.Conclusion:Powered toothbrush was more effective than manual toothbrush in reducing plaque levels and microbial count in the mentally challenged individuals. The Colgate 360 tooth brush is advisable to mentally challenged individuals.