Designated Type Species Research Articles

Bibliographic checklist of Korean spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) ver. 2015

The 2015 version of the bibliographic checklist of Korean spiders from the first checklist by Paik and Kim (1956) is presented, together with a complete bibliography of relevant Korean araneological literature. A total of 620 publications during 1907-2015 including original description on the Korean spiders and records of taxonomic description were critically reviewed. Records only from locations within the present borders of South Korea are listed. A total of 748 spider species of 271 genera belonging to 46 families are confirmed to exist in Korea. Twenty one species, whose distribution or existence within the Korean border are uncertain and lacked valid records, are excluded from the present list pending critical validation. Four spider species endemic to North Korean are listed separately from the present list. One genus, Joopilia Chae and Sohn, 2013 and 2 species, Joopilia jooplis Chae and Sohn, 2013 and Dolomedes jirisanensis Kim and Chae, 2012, which had no designated type species and no diagnosis, are cited as nomina nuda. New synonyms of 15 previously described spider species are proposed. Based on their zoogeographical distribution, the Korean spider fauna was found to be influenced by the northern species, including 36 Holarctic and 72 Palearctic species (14.5% of the total species). Korean endemic species include 160 species (21.5% of the total species). Korean indigenous spiders are also distributed in neighboring countries: 318 species in Russia (42.7%), 460 in China (61.7%), and 488 in Japan (65.5%).

A Review of Bopyrids (Crustacea: Isopoda: Bopyridae) Parasitic on Caridean Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea) from China

A review of 37 bopyrid isopods known to infest 43 species of caridean shrimps in China is presented, based on literature records and new material. Synonymies are provided for all species, with descriptions and detailed illustrations given for species represented by material examined herein. Bopyrids recorded as new species or new Chinese records belong to the subfamilies Argeiinae (2 or 3 species, depending on the identity of Argeia sp.: Argeia pugettensis Dana, 1852, Argeia sp., Stegoalpheon kempi Chopra, 1923), Pseudioninae (2 species: Paranikione sibogae, n. gen. n. sp., and Paranikione distorta, n. sp.), Bopyrinae (13 species: Bathygyge grandis Hansen, 1897, Bopyrella articulata, n. sp., Bopyrinella parameces, n. sp., Bopyrione multifeminae, n. sp., Bopyroides hippolytes (Kroyer, 1838), Bopyroides shiinoi Rybakov and Andeev, 1991, Parabopyrella cuspidata, n. sp., Parabopyrella distincta (Nierstrasz and Brender a Brandis, 1923), Parabopyrella elongata (Shiino, 1949), Parabopyrella hodgarti (Chopra, 1923), Parabopyrella perplexa Markham, 1990, Parabopyrella symmetros, n. sp., and Septembopyrina tozeumaophila, n. gen., n. sp.), and Hemiarthrinae (2 species: Eophrixus caudatus, n. sp., and Sigyn branchialis, n. gen, n. sp.), collected from the South China Sea (7 species), East China Sea (3 species), Yellow Sea (4 species), and East and South China seas (2 species). Three new genera and 10 new species are described, with an additional four species newly recorded from Chinese waters. The genus Argeia is reviewed and a new genus is erected for Argeia lowisi Chopra, 1923, and Argeia nierstraszi Shiino, 1958. Capitetragonia Pearse, 1953, is recognized as the senior synonym of Probopyria Markham, 1985. The genus Parabopyriscus and species Parabopyriscus stellatus are deemed to be available from Markham, 1982, not Markham 1985. Hemiarthrus filiformis Chopra, 1923, is transferred to Hyperphrixus Nierstrasz and Brender a Brandis, 1931. The species composition of Eophrixus Caroli, 1930, is reviewed, the type species designation is clarified, and two species of Hypophryxus Shiino, 1934, are transferred into this genus. A key to all genera of Argeiinae and Bopyrinae and keys to species of seven bopyrine genera are provided, as is a list (with hosts) of the 82 bopyrid and ionid species currently known to infest Chinese noncaridean decapods.

A reassessment of the validity and affinities of Belemnites sulcatus Miller, 1826, Belemnopsis Edwards in Gray, 1849, and Belemnopsis Bayle, 1878

A reinvestigation of the validity of the belemnite genus Belemnopsis Bayle is undertaken, together with a survey of the early history of the usage of the names Belemnites sulcatus, Belemnopsis Bayle and Belemnopsis Edwards. Belemnites sulcatus Miller has been variously equated with either Belemnites apiciconus Blainville or with the group of belemnites including Belemnites Altdorfensis Blainville and B. Beaumontianus Orbigny. Riegraf (and not Phillips) subsequently designated a lectotype which may be valid and, in case it is not, is validated here. The species concept for Belemnites sulcatus, as based on this lectotype, places it in the genus Holcobeloides Gustomesov. Belemnopsis Edwards has date priority over Belemnopsis Bayle, but must be interpreted as an incorrect original spelling and, therefore, does not enter into homonymy according to the ICZN; Belemnopsis Bayle is thus a valid genus. Douville subsequently nominated Belemnites sulcatus, which was figured as Belemnopsis sulcata by Bayle, and therefore is a valid designation because this species is amongst the original species included in Belemnopsis by Bayle. One of Bayle's figures of Belemnopsis sulcata agrees with Belemnites apiciconus Blainville, but does not agree with Belemnites sulcatus as defined by its lectotype; as such this is a case of misidentified type species. Belemnites apiciconus Blainville, the species involved in the misidentification, is therefore designated type species of Belemnopsis Bayle here and validated by citing the ICZN. The actions taken here maintain nomenclature at the genus, family and suborder level in respect to the names Belemnopsis and Belemnosis and serve to stabilize the complicated nomenclature issues related to these taxa.

Annotated catalogue of Australian weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)

This catalogue presents the first-ever complete inventory of all described taxa of Australian weevils, including both valid and invalid names. The geographical scope spans mainland Australia and its continental islands as well as the subantarctic Heard and McDonald Islands, the Pacific Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands and the Indian-Ocean Christmas Island. 4111 species in 832 genera (including one extinct species and one fossil) are recognised as occurring in this territory, distributed over seven families, 20 subfamilies and 94 tribes. The families and subfamilies are arranged in a currently accepted phylogenetic sequence but the tribes, genera and species in alphabetical order. Introductory chapters outline the discovery and composition of the Australian weevil fauna, the burden of synonymy, the format and conventions of the catalogue and the taxonomic and nomenclatural changes proposed. Sixteen new genera and six new species are described, two new names and 25 new generic and 72 new species synonymies and 189 new combinations are proposed and 46 type species designations are effected. The records of 356 taxa are annotated to justify or explain various taxonomic and nomenclatural acts and issues, covering descriptions of new taxa, new synonymies and generic combinations, artificial taxon concepts, changes in classification and a number of nomenclatural matters. The catalogue of the taxa present in Australia is followed by a list of 19 species incorrectly recorded from Australia or introduced as biocontrol agents but not established, and by one species inquirenda. All these records are also annotated. Two appendices list the 102 species introduced into Australia, both accidental and deliberate (as weed control agents). A bibliography with full references of all original descriptions and pertinent other citations from the literature is provided, and an index to all names concludes the catalogue.

A review of genus-group names in Diptera (Insecta) that J.C. Fabricius "borrowed" from other dipterists and proposed as new in his systematic works from 1775 to 1805.

It is shown that a total of eight pre-existing genus-group names in Diptera were "borrowed" and deliberately given new identities in the systematic works of J.C. Fabricius: Bibio Fabricius, 1775, Ceria Fabricius, 1794, Hirtea Fabricius, 1798, Mulio Fabricius, 1798, Scatophaga Fabricius, 1805, Sicus Fabricius, 1798, Thereva Fabricius, 1798 and Voluccella Fabricius, 1794. These names are reviewed from the standpoint that they are nomenclaturally available as intentional homonymous proposals of names for new genus-group taxa. New type-species designations are made for Bibio Fabricius, Mulio Fabricius, and Scatophaga Fabricius. Bibio Fabricius, 1775 is recognized as a senior synonym of Thereva Latreille, 1797, syn. n., but is invalid as it is a junior homonym of Bibio Geoffroy, 1762. Scatophaga Fabricius, 1805 is recognized as a junior synonym of Psila Meigen, 1803, syn. n. The nominal species Musca suilla Fabricius, 1794 has been misinterpreted as a species of Scathophaga Meigen, 1803 by subsequent authors. Scathophaga spurca Meigen, 1826 is revived as the valid name for Scathophaga suilla auct. nec (Fabricius, 1794), stat. rev. A lectotype is designated for Musca suilla Fabricius and it is shown to belong to the scathophagid Norellisoma spinimanum (Fallén, 1819), syn. n. In order to maintain stability of nomenclature and prevailing usage, reversal of precedence is invoked to declare Cordylura spinimana Fallén, 1819 as a nomen protectum and Musca suilla Fabricius, 1794 as a nomen oblitum.

The type species of the bee genus Epicharis Klug, 1807 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

Modern authors have treated Lutz and Cockerell’s indication of Centris umbraculata Fabricius, 1804 as the first valid type-species designation for Epicharis Klug, 1807. It is argued here, however, that Epicharis dasypoda Klug, 1807, junior synonym of Apis rustica Olivier, 1789, is the valid type species of Epicharis, as designated by Desmarest, in the article on Epicharis published in 1845 in volume 5 of d’Orbigny’s Dictionnaire Universel d’Histoire Naturelle. This overlooked designation makes Epicharana Michener, 1954, and not Xanthepicharis Moure, 1945, a junior synonym of Epicharis s.str. Therefore, Xanthepicharis should be revalidated for the group containing Epicharis umbraculata (Fabricius, 1804) and related species.htpp://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1BA1C185-25D8-45A8-BC29-109387C1E100

Overview of the taxonomy of zooxanthellate Scleractinia

Coral taxonomy has entered a historical phase where nomenclatorial uncertainty is rapidly increasing. The fundamental cause is mandatory adherence to historical monographs that lack essential information of all sorts, and also to type specimens, if they exist at all, that are commonly unrecognizable fragments or are uncharacteristic of the species they are believed to represent. Historical problems, including incorrect subsequent type species designations, also create uncertainty for many well-established genera. The advent of in situ studies in the 1970s revealed these issues; now molecular technology is again changing the taxonomic landscape. The competing methodologies involved must be seen in context if they are to avoid becoming an additional basis for continuing nomenclatorial instability. To prevent this happening, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) will need to focus on rules that consolidate well-established nomenclature and allow for the designation of new type specimens that are unambiguous, and which include both skeletal material and soft tissue for molecular study. Taxonomic and biogeographic findings have now become linked, with molecular methodologies providing the capacity to re-visit past taxonomic decisions, and to extend both taxonomy and biogeography into the realm of evolutionary theory. It is proposed that most species will ultimately be seen as operational taxonomic units that are human rather than natural constructs, which in consequence will always have fuzzy morphological, genetic, and distribution boundaries. The pathway ahead calls for the integration of morphological and molecular taxonomies, and for website delivery of information that crosses current discipline boundaries.

Case 3605 phycinae Lyneborg, 1976 (Insecta, Diptera, therevidae): proposed emendation of spelling to phycusinae to remove homonymy with phycinae Swainson, 1838 (Osteichthyes, Gadiformes, phycidae); and Phycis Walbaum, 1792 (Osteichthyes, Gadiformes, phycidae): proposed conservation of usage by designation ofBlennius phycisLinnaeus, 1766 as the type species

The purpose of this application, under Articles 29 and 55.3 of the Code, is to remove homonymy between the family-group names phycinae Swainson, 1838 (Osteichthyes, Gadiformes, phycidae) and phycinae Lyneborg, 1976 (Insecta, Diptera, therevidae). It is proposed that the stem of the genus-group name Phycus Walker, 1850, on which the insect family-group name is based, be emended to change the family-group name to phycusinae, leaving the fish family-group name, based on Phycis Walbaum, 1792, unaltered. An issue regarding the type-species of Phycis Walbaum, 1792, came to light in this process, namely that the previously assumed type species, Tinca marina (attributed to Walbaum (1792) and considered a junior synonym of Blennius phycis Linnaeus, 1766), is a nomen nudum. So, an additional purpose of this application, under Articles 78.1 and 81.1 of the Code, is to maintain the prevailing usage of Blennius phycis Linnaeus, 1766 as the de facto type species of Phycis Walbaum, 1792 by setting aside all previous type species designations and designating Blennius phycis Linnaeus, 1766 as the type species.

Case 3590ScarabaeusLinnaeus, 1758,DynastesMacLeay, 1819, scarabaeinae Latreille, 1802, and dynastinae MacLeay, 1819 (Insecta, Coleoptera, scarabaeoidea): proposed conservation of usage

The purpose of this application, under Articles 65.2.2 and 70.2 of the Code, is to conserve the usage of the widely used names Scarabaeus Linnaeus, 1758 for a dung roller beetle, scarabaeinae Latreille, 1802 for the dung beetles subfamily, Dynastes MacLeay, 1819 for the hercules beetles genus, and dynastinae MacLeay, 1819, for the rhinoceros beetles subfamily. The current usage of these names is threatened by the overlooked type species designation of Scarabaeus hercules Linnaeus, 1758 (currently Dynastes hercules) for Scarabaeus by Lamarck in Jolyclerc, 1807b. Lamarck's designation would transfer the name Scarabaeus from the widely known dung roller beetles to hercules beetles (currently Dynastes) and the family-group name scarabaeinae from the dung beetles to the rhinoceros beetles (currently dynastinae). lt is proposed to set aside all type species fixations for Scarabaeus before Hope's designation (1837) of Scarabaeus sacer Linnaeus, 1758, which would maintain the current usage of all names involved.

Case 3589HemerodromiaMeigen, 1822 and hemerodromiinae Schiner, 1862 (Insecta, Diptera, empididae): proposed conservation of usage of the genus-group and family-group names

The purpose of this application, under Article 70.2 of the Code, is to conserve the current usage of the generic name Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822, for a well-established genus of empidid flies. The type species of Hemerodromia has long been assumed to be Tachydromia oratoria Fallén, 1815, designated by Rondani in 1856. However, an earlier type-species designation of Tachydromia mantispa Meigen in Panzer, 1806, which is currently recognized as a valid species of Phyllodromia Zettersedt, 1837, was made by Westwood in 1840. Additionally, one more type designation was found for Hemerodromia that is earlier than that of Rondani (1856): that by Blanchard in 1845 of Hemerodromia monostigma Meigen, 1822, which is currently recognized as a species of Chelifera Macquart, 1823. Acceptance of either of these earlier designations would threaten stability of nomenclature and taxonomy of the common and worldwide genus group taxon Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822. Acceptance of the Westwood designation would make Hemerodromia the senior synonym of Phyllodromia Zetterstedt, 1837. Acceptance of the Blanchard designation would make Hemerodromia a senior synonym of Chelifera Macquart, 1823. Either change would require species in Hemerodromia to be placed in the next available genus, Microdromia Bigot, 1857. To avoid the nomenclatural and taxonomic instability that would result from following the Principle of Priority, it is proposed that all type fixations for Hemerodromia Meigen, 1822 prior to that of Tachydromia oratoria Fallén, 1815 by Rondani (1856) be set aside.

Nomenclatural notes on some Diptera genus-group names of P.A. Latreille

Nomenclatural notes are presented for a few Diptera genus-group names of P.A. Latreille. Gonypes Latreille [Asilidae] is foundto be available from 1804 and not 1805 with no change in type species designation. Molobrus Latreille [Sciaridae] is found tobe available from 1804 and not 1805, and its type species, Tipula thomae Linnaeus, 1767 is fixed by invoking Article 70.3 ofthe ICZN Code, which maintains its junior synonymy under Sciara Meigen, 1803. Oligotrophus Latreille [Cecidomyiidae] isfound to be available from 1804 and not 1805 with no change in type species designation. The earliest valid subsequent typedesignation from originally included species was found for Pangonius Latreille [Tabanidae] to be Tabanus proboscideusFabricius, 1794 by Ersch & Gruber in 1838. Voluccella Fabricius, 1794 is deemed to be an available name (not an incorrectsubsequent spelling of Volucella Geoffroy, 1762) and thus has priority over Usia Latreille, 1802. In order to maintain stabilityof nomenclature and prevailing usage, reversal of precedence is invoked (ICZN Code Article 23.9.2) and Usia Latreille is conserved as a nomen protectum and Voluccella Fabricius, 1794 is treated as a nomen oblitum.

Fixation of the type species of the genus Protoretepora de Koninck, 1878 (Bryozoa, Fenestrata)

Wyse Jackson, P.N., Reid, C.M. & McKinney, F.K., iFirst article, 2011. Fixation of the type species of the genus Protoretepora de Koninck, 1878 (Bryozoa, Fenestrata). Alcheringa, 1–2. ISSN 0311-5518. The type species of the Palaeozoic bryozoan genus Protoretepora de Koninck, 1878 was originally fixed as Fenestella ampla Lonsdale in Darwin, 1844, but this taxon has been shown to belong to the bryozoan genus Parapolypora Morozova & Lisitsyn, 1996. The original type species designation for Protoretepora de Koninck, 1878 is set aside, and in accordance with Article 70.3 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (4th edition, 1999) the nominal species Protoretepora crockfordae Wyse Jackson, Reid & McKinney, 2011 from the Permian of Tasmania, Australia is herein fixed as the type species.

Phylogenetic reassessment of the Exophthalmus genus complex (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Eustylini, Geonemini)

The monophyly of the Neotropical entimine weevil genus Exophthalmus Schoenherr, 1823 (Curculionidae: Entiminae: Eustylini Lacordaire) is reassessed. Exophthalmus presently includes more than 80 species, approximately half of which are restricted to either the Caribbean archipelago or the continental Neotropics. The taxonomic composition and position of Exophthalmus have been subject to longstanding disagreements; in particular, authors have questioned the relationship of Exophthalmus to other Caribbean genera such as Diaprepes Schoenherr, 1834 (Eustylini) and Lachnopus Schoenherr, 1840 (Geonemini Gistel), as well as to the speciose Central and South American genera Compsus Schoenherr, 1823, Eustylus Schoenherr, 1842, and Exorides Pascoe, 1881 (all Eustylini), among others. The present study scrutinizes these traditional perspectives, based on a cladistic analysis of 143 adult morphological characters and 90 species, representing 30 genera and seven tribes of Neotropical entimine weevils. The character matrix yielded eight most-parsimonious cladograms (length = 239 steps; consistency index = 66; retention index = 91), with mixed clade support that remains particularly wanting for some of the deeper in-group divergences. The strict consensus supports the existence of a paraphyletic Geonemini ‘grade’ that includes Lachnopus and related Caribbean genera such as Apotomoderes Dejean, 1834, followed by a monophyletic Eustylini in-group clade. Within the latter, a monophyletic South American Eustylini clade - including Compsus, Eustylus, Exorides, and related genera - is sister to a major clade that contains a ‘grade’ of heterogeneous and often misclassified Caribbean members of the Eustylini, Geonemini (Tetrabothynus Labram & Imhoff, 1852 and Tropirhinus Schoenherr, 1823), and Tanymecini Lacordaire (Pachnaeus Schoenherr, 1826), as well as two major clades: one with the majority of Central American Exophthalmus species, and the other with most Caribbean members of Exophthalmus. The Central American Exophthalmus clade is paraphyletic with respect to Chauliopleurus Champion, 1911 (Geonemini) and Rhinospathe Chevrolat, 1878 (Phyllobiini Schoenherr). The Caribbean clade, in turn, contains two subclades: i.e. (1) the Greater Antillean Exophthalmus s.s. clade, including the type species Exophthalmus quadrivittatus (Olivier, 1807); and (2) the primarily Lesser Antillean Diaprepes. The latter genus is therefore nested within Central American and Caribbean species of a highly paraphyletic Exophthalmus, yet may be rendered monophyletic if several Lesser Antillean Exophthalmus species are (re-)assigned to Diaprepes. The results thus provide a suitable basis for a revision of all Exophthalmus species, and furthermore suggest that historical biographic factors, including colonization via temporary continental Neotropics-to-Caribbean land connections, were important in the evolution of major eustyline lineages. Based on these preliminary insights, the following taxonomic and nomenclatural adjustments are made. Compsoricus gen. nov. is erected to accommodate two Puerto Rican species erroneously assigned to Compsus: i.e. the herein designated type species Compsoricus maricao comb. nov. and Compsoricus luquillo comb. nov. Eustylus dentipes comb. nov. is transferred from Compsus. Diaprepes marginicollis Chevrolat, 1880 is reinstated from synonymy under Exophthalmus. Lastly, the following five transfers are proposed: (1) Chauliopleurus Champion, 1911, from Geonemini to Eustylini; (2) Tetrabothynus Labram & Imhoff, 1852, from Geonemini to Eustylini; (3) Tropirhinus Schoenherr, 1823, from Geonemini to Eustylini; (4) Rhinospathe Chevrolat, 1878, from Phyllobiini to Eustylini; and (5) Pachnaeus Schoenherr, 1826, from Tanymecini to Eustylini.

Validation of new genus the Miniagraecia (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)

It has been pointed out that there is an error in our recent paper (Rentz et al., 2012). On p. 24 we designated Miniagraecia viridis Rentz, Su, Ueshima sp. nov. as the type species of the new genus Miniagraecia. However there is no such species. There was a manuscript change in the name of the species and we did not catch it in the type species designation. Miniagraecia is therefore a nomen nudum. Miniagraecia viridis is not a nominal species and Miniagraecia does not now have a fixed type species (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, Article 67.1).

Marksomyia, a new subgenus of Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from the Australasian biogeographic region with descriptions of two new species

Marksomyia is proposed as a new subgenus of the genus Culicoides Latreille to embrace six species from Australia and New Guinea. Comparative descriptions of males and females of C. zentae sp. nov. and C. kayi sp. nov., pupae of C. zentae and redescriptions of C. marksi Lee & Reye, C. dycei Lee & Reye, C. parvimaculatus Lee & Reye and C. pseudostigmaticus Tokunaga are presented together with distributional data and keys for their specific determination. The designated type species of the subgenus is C. marksi. Marksomyia is further subdivided into three species complexes based on the shape and sclerotisation of the spermathecae.

The weevil genus Trigonopterus Fauvel (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) and its synonyms—a taxonomic study on the species tied to its genus-group names

The genus Trigonopterus Fauvel, 1862 is briefly diagnosed. At present, four junior subjective synonyms of the genus exist: Idotasia Pascoe, 1871, Eurysia Pascoe, 1885, Mimidotasia Voss, 1960 (syn. n.), and Microgymnapterus Voss, 1960 (syn. n.). Trigonopterus vossi nom.n. is proposed as a replacement name of the secondary homonym T. submetallicus (Voss, 1960) nec T. submetallicus Marshall, 1921, and T. micros nom.n. to replace T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 327) nec T. minutus (Voss, 1960: 341). Idotasia nasuta Pascoe is designated type species of Idotasia. Lectotypes are designated for the following names: Eurysia fulvicornis Pascoe, Idotasia ebriosa Pascoe, Idotasia elliptica Pascoe, Idotasia inclusa Pascoe, Idotasia nasuta Pascoe, Idotasia scaphioides Pascoe, and Microgymnapterus minutus Voss. The type species of Trigonopterus, Eurysia, Mimidotasia and Microgymnapterus, as well as the five species included in Pascoe´s original description of Idotasia are redescribed: T. ebriosus (Pascoe), T. ellipticus (Pascoe), T. fulvicornis (Pascoe), T. inclusus (Pascoe), T. insignis Fauvel, T. micros nom.n., T. nasutus (Pascoe), T. scaphioides (Pascoe), and T. vossi nom.n.. Trigonopterus egenus (Pascoe) is recognized as a junior synonym of T. scaphioides (Pascoe), syn.n.. Trigonopterus oblitus sp.n., is described based on specimens labeled as paratypes of Microgymnapterus minutus. Douttia basimaculata Voss 1960 is transferred to Trigonopterus: T. basimaculatus (Voss) comb.n.. Trigonopterus insignis Fauvel is endemic to New Caledonia, T. fulvicornis (Pascoe) to Sulawesi; the remaining species treated herein are restricted to parts of New Guinea and Maluku. The record of T. egenus (Pascoe) for New Zealand is incorrect.

Retraction: Austrofusus glans (Röding, 1798) is the type species of Austrofusus Kobelt, 1879 (Gastropoda: Buccinulidae)

Contrary to the conclusion reached by Beu and Marshall in this journal last year, Neptunea (Austrofusus) nodosa Martyn, 1784 was one of the species originally included in Austrofusus when it was first established by Kobelt in 1879, so the subsequent type species designation by Martens in 1882 is valid, and Austrofusus is the correct genus to use for Drupa glans Röding, 1798. The genus for the South American taxa incorrectly referred to Austrofusus by Beu and Marshall , and currently in Aeneator Finlay, 1926, remains to be established.

<i>Gompelia</i>, a replacement name for <i>Olotelus</i> Mulsant & Rey, 1866 (Coleoptera, Aderidae)

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Species of plated dinosaur Stegosaurus (Morrison Formation, Late Jurassic) of western USA: new type species designation needed

Stegosaurus armatus Marsh 1877, based on a partial tail and a very large dermal plate from the Morrison Formation (Late Jurassic) of Morrison, Wyoming, USA, is a nomen dubium. Valid Morrison stegosaur species (with possible autapomorphies, dermal “armor” considered if present), with most holotypes consisting of a disarticulated partial postcranial skeleton at most, include: Hypsirhophus discurus Cope 1878 (characters of incomplete vertebrae, a dorsal and a caudal; Garden Park near Canon City, Colorado); Stegosaurus ungulatus Marsh 1879 (half skeleton with partial skull; three pairs of small flat dermal spines adjacent to terminal tail spikes; Quarry 12, Como Bluff near Como station, Wyoming; syntype is holotype of S. duplex Marsh 1887, half skeleton lacking armor; Quarry 11, Como Bluff); Diracodon laticeps Marsh 1881b (just partial dentaries with few teeth, diastema between predentary and tooth 1; Quarry 13, Como Bluff); Stegosaurus sulcatus Marsh 1887 (pair of ?tail spikes with greatly enlarged base; Quarry 13, Como Bluff); S. longispinus Gilmore 1914 (characters of distal caudal vertebrae, tail spikes: two pairs, sub-equal bases, transversely flattened, very elongate; Alcova, Wyoming); and Hesperosaurus mjosi Carpenter, Miles & Cloward, 2001 (?Stegosaurus mjosi; partial articulated skeleton with skull, no limbs, several plesiomorphic and autapomorphic characters, dorsal plates longer than tall; Wyoming). However, the well known valid nominal species, S. stenops Marsh 1887 (12 autapomorphies, three alternating flat plates adjacent to terminal tail spikes; Garden Park), is based on a virtually complete articulated skeleton lacking only the terminal caudal vertebrae and first pair of tail spikes. It includes 17 dermal plates, is still exposed as preserved on the block, and is the current basis for Stegosaurus. The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) will be petitioned to designate S. stenops Marsh 1887 as the new type species of Stegosaurus Marsh 1877 in order to conserve Stegosauria Marsh 1877 and Stegosauridae Marsh 1880 (also Stegosauroidea, Stegosaurinae).

Additions and corrections to Borowski and Węgrzynowicz’s world catalogue of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera)

Nomenclatural additions to, and corrections necessitated by the publication of, Borowski and Węgrzynowicz’ (2007) recently published “World Catalogue of [the] Bostrichidae” are presented. The type species of Bostrychopsis Lesne, 1899 is designated under ICZN Art. 70.3 as Bostrychopsis villosula Lesne, 1905, which is the replacement name for the misidentified type species designation by Chûjô (1937) of Bostrychopsis cephalotes sensu Lesne 1899, not Olivier, 1790. Bostrychopsis Lesne, 1905 is removed from synonymy with Apate Fabricius. A neotype is designated for Bostrichus cephalotes Olivier, 1790 and Bostrichus cephalotes is made a junior synonym of Bostrichus cornutus Olivier 1790, removing it from synonymy with Apate congener Gerstäcker 1855, which is again considered a valid name. Dominikia Borowski and Węgrzynowicz, 2007 is synonymized with Bostrychopsis Lesne new synonymy. Lesne’s 1938b nomen nudum was validated as Amintinus Anonymous, 1939: 240 [type species Amintinus tenuis Lesne 1938b, by original designation]. Amintinus Borowski and Węgrzynowicz’ 2007: 16 (not Anonymous, 1939) [type species Amintinus aethiopicus Lesne 1938b, by original designation] is a new synonymy and junior homonym. Borowski and Węgrzynowicz’ 2007 invalid designation of Sinoxylon sericans LeConte as the type species of Dendrobiella Casey is corrected to Sinoxylon asperum LeConte under ICZN Art. 69.2. Neotypes are designated for Ligniperda tenebrans Pallas, 1772 and Apate hamatus Fabricius, 1787, based on male and female respectively of what is now known as Apate tenebrans (Pallas) new synonymy. Apate bicaudatus Say, 1824 is designated a nomen protectum relative to Apate aspericollis Germar, 1824 (nomen oblitum) and Apate serricollis Germar, 1824 (nomen oblitum), and recognized as the species also known as Amphicerus hamatus auctorum (not Fabricius) under the combination Amphicerus bicaudatus (Say). Schistoceros Lesne, 1899 is shown to be an unjustified replacement name for Amphicerus LeConte (not Amphiceras Gray) and therefore an objective synonym with the same type species. Its recognition as the name of a second subgenus of Amphicerus is invalid. Amphicerus is recognized with no valid subgenera. Dermestes muricatus Linnaeus, 1767 is declared a nomen oblitum relative to its synonym Bostrichus sexdentatus Olivier, 1790, which is likewise declared a nomen protectum, and recognized as Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier). A neotype is designated for Dermestes muricatus Linnaeus, 1767, based on a specimen of what is now known as Sinoxylon sexdentatum (Olivier). Several additional minor corrections regarding first synonymization, type species designations, and correct type repositories are identified.