Types Of Vessels Research Articles

Occupational Injuries and Fatalities in Norwegian Fish Farming

ABSTRACT Objective People working in the Norwegian fish farming industry work in a high energy environment, where there are many hazards in the daily work. An important part of mitigating hazardous situations is to keep track of the characteristics of the accidents that have already happened and to learn from these, when planning future work. The objective of this study was to strengthen the knowledge of factors and conditions influencing personnel safety in Norwegian fish farming, based on analyses of registered occupational fatalities and injuries. Methods We gathered reported injuries and fatalities from vessels and fish farms from three different registries. Two of these are based on mandatory reporting to authorities, and one is a privately maintained registry. The accidents from the three registries are analyzed separately, and different types of characteristics are presented. Results The results demonstrate that fall and crush/impact are the most common types of accidents both on vessels and fish farms. Other characteristics described are the type of vessels involved and during which type of operations injuries happened. During the last 10 years, fatalities have happened mainly in relation to lifting and maintenance operations. The reported accidents are discussed in relation to the quality of accident reports, the development in the industry towards more specialized and outsourced operations, and it points to some of the major challenges that the industry faces when planning for safe working places and operations. Conclusion This overview can be used in the fish farming industry as a basis for going into further details about how accident prevention should be planned.

Differential bone and vessel type formation at superior and dura periosteum during cranial bone defect repair

The cranial mesenchyme, originating from both neural crest and mesoderm, imparts remarkable regional specificity and complexity to postnatal calvarial tissue. While the distinct embryonic origins of the superior and dura periosteum of the cranial parietal bone have been described, the extent of their respective contributions to bone and vessel formation during adult bone defect repair remains superficially explored. Utilizing transgenic mouse models in conjunction with high-resolution multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM), we have separately evaluated bone and vessel formation in the superior and dura periosteum before and after injury, as well as following intermittent treatment of recombinant peptide of human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH), Teriparatide. Our results show that new bone formation along the dura surface is three times greater than that along the superior periosteal surface following injury, regardless of Teriparatide treatment. Targeted deletion of PTH receptor PTH1R via SMA-CreER and Col 1a (2.3)-CreER results in selective reduction of bone formation, suggesting different progenitor cell pools in the adult superior and dura periosteum. Consistently, analyses of microvasculature show higher vessel density and better organized arterial-venous vessel network associated with a 10-fold more osteoblast clusters at dura periosteum as compared to superior periosteum. Intermittent rhPTH treatment further enhances the arterial vessel ratio at dura periosteum and type H vessel formation in cortical bone marrow space. Taken together, our study demonstrates a site-dependent coordinated osteogenic and angiogenic response, which is determined by regional osteogenic progenitor pool as well as the coupling blood vessel network at the site of cranial defect repair.

Integrated Optimization of Vessel Sequencing and Bulk Carrier Berth Allocation with Shifting in a Comprehensive Port

To ensure the safe and orderly operation of vessel entry and exit in comprehensive ports, distinct navigation rules are established for various types of vessels, necessitating the development of an efficient and compliant vessel sequencing strategy. Bulk carriers, being numerous and of lower priority, are particularly affected by these navigation rules; thus, their berth allocation has been integrated into the optimization framework. This study focuses on the integrated optimization of vessel sequencing and bulk carrier berth allocation with shifting in a comprehensive port, considering the unidirectional navigation rules for Dangerous Goods Vessels (DGVs) and the fixed time windows required for container vessels. The study proposes a combination of three shifting strategies within the berth allocation process for bulk carriers, aiming to minimize the weighted waiting time for DGVs and bulk carriers. An integrated optimization model for vessel scheduling and berth allocation is developed, incorporating model acceleration techniques to enhance solution efficiency. Numerical experiments are performed using two case studies to demonstrate the model's application under various scenarios. The proposed scheme's effectiveness is then validated through comparison with the First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) and No-Shifting (NS) schemes. Additionally, another experiment was conducted to solve various scales of cases using both the original model and the accelerated model, thereby validating the effectiveness of the model acceleration. Finally, sensitivity analyses are performed, and management insights are derived from the results.

Endoscopic Clips Marking for Transcatheter Arterial Embolization in Refractory Peptic Ulcer Bleeding Patients: A Cohort Study.

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is recommended for refractory peptic ulcer bleeding. There are 46% of patients showed no detectable contrast extravasation during TAE. Endoscopic clip in bleeding lesion is visible and could be used as a marker in TAE. We aimed to learn whether endoscopic clips marking would ameliorate the prognosis. We retrospectively collected data of patents who received TAE because of refractory peptic ulcer bleeding, between 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2022. 188 patients were included and divided into two groups according to clips visibility in angiography. Baseline data about age, gender, bleeding severity, comorbidities, history of antiplatelet or anticoagulation drugs and endoscopic findings were balanced with the inverse probability of treatment weighting method. There were 59 patients without clips received TAE, and 129 with clips. The in-hospital rebleeding rate after TAE was much higher in patients without clip than with clips (45.8% vs 33.3%). Cox regression analysis indicated that endoscopic clips marking decreased the rebleeding (aHR=0.492, 95%CI: 0.242-1.001, p=0.050). Also, in patient with clips, the empirical TAE rate was higher (64.3% vs 11.9%, p<0.001). No difference in in-hospital all-cause mortality was found (without clips vs with clips 11.9% vs 12.4%). The hospital stay length and embolized vessels types showed no differences between the two groups. In refractory peptic ulcer bleeding patients, endoscopic clips marking decreased the in-hospital rebleeding rate after TAE, but did not affect the mortality.

Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant Activity, Chemical Composition, and Elements of Merlot Wine Stored in Toasted Oak Barrels.

Wine ageing represents an important stage during wine production when the final wine composition is formed. In this study, 2020 and 2021 vintage Merlot red wines were subjected to 12-month ageing in a stainless-steel tank, Excellence oak barrels with medium, medium-plus and medium-long toasting, and a Premium oak barrel with medium toasting. The aim was to investigate the influence of different ageing vessels on the main chemical composition, element content, phenolic profile, antioxidant activity, and wine colour during ageing. The results showed that changes in ethanol, total sugars, pH, and density were minimal, mostly not significant. Slight changes in malic and lactic acid concentration occurred due to malolactic fermentation. Statistically, more changes that are significant occurred in the phenolic profile, and they affected the antioxidant activity of the wine. In both wine vintages, anthocyanin content decreased, followed by an increase in polymeric colour. Elements and individual phenolic compounds changed significantly, depending on vessel type, ageing time, wine vintage, and initial concentrations. The PCA biplots of the mentioned compounds showed that vessel type had a significant influence on wine composition, especially after 12 months of ageing. According to the CIELab parameters, a slight colour change occurred in both wine vintages, but this is not visible to the human eye. According to the obtained results, various changes in the phenolic profile of Merlot wine occurred during ageing, which strongly depended on the ageing vessel used, the ageing time, and the initial wine composition.

Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide at Normal Body Temperature and in the Cold on Isolated Tail and Carotid Arteries from Rats and TRPA1 Knockout and Wild-Type Mice.

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that modulates vascular tone, causing either vasodilation or vasoconstriction depending on the vascular bed, species, and experimental conditions. The cold-sensitive transient receptor potential ankyrin-1 (TRPA1) channel mediates H2S-induced effects; however, its contribution to the vasomotor responses of different arteries at different temperatures has remained unclear. Here, we aimed to fill this gap by comparing the effects of sodium sulfide (Na2S), which is a fast-releasing H2S donor, on the isolated carotid and tail skin arteries of rats and mice at cold and normal body temperature with wire myography. Under the same circumstances, we also aimed to compare the effects of the canonical endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators, acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, respectively. Methods: We isolated the carotid and tail arteries from 32 adult Wistar rats and 64 TRPA1 knockout and wild-type mice, and then we studied their vasomotor responses to increasing doses (10-6-10-3 M) of Na2S as well as to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (10-5 M for both) at 37 °C and in cold (17 or 20 °C). Results: In rat vessels, Na2S caused constriction of the carotids and relaxation of the tail arteries, which were not influenced by temperature. In mouse carotids, Na2S caused vasorelaxation, which was more pronounced in the cold at a lower dose (10-4 M). At a higher dose (10-3 M), the dilation was markedly attenuated in the absence of the TRPA1 channel. In the mouse tail arteries, Na2S caused vasorelaxation at 37 °C and vasocontraction in the cold. The genetic blockade of TRPA1 channels did not influence the vasomotor responses of the mouse tail arteries. Sodium nitroprusside-induced vasorelaxation was not influenced by any of the investigated factors, while acetylcholine-induced dilation decreased in the cold in all vessel types. Conclusions: Our results reveal the function of TRPA1 in the H2S-induced dilation of carotid arteries in mice. We also highlight interspecies differences in the vasomotor responses between rats and mice, as well as the importance of the effect of temperature on vascular responses. The implementation of the identified variables in future research can advance our understanding of cardiovascular physiology, especially in conditions with hypothermia (either accidental or therapeutic).

A novel tube law analysis under anisotropic external load

Mathematical and physical modeling of flows in collapsible pipes often relates the flow area to the difference between the internal and the external pressures (i.e. the transmural pressure). The relation is used to model the conduits of the human body transporting biological fluids, is called tube law and usually considers the transmural pressure resulting from isotropic external pressure only. We provide a new empirical tube law considering anisotropic conditions of the external load; our formulation is based on the hypothesis, supported by clinical and experimental findings, that in physiological conditions both isotropic and anisotropic stresses are combined in the external load acting on vessels. The proposed mathematical model was validated through laboratory experiments reproducing the flow through a collapsible tube representing the physiological conditions of male urethra during micturition. The proposed tube law better agrees with the experimental observations, in comparison to classic formulations available in literature, thus showing that the proposed model better describes the physiological condition of flow in collapsible tubes subjected to anisotropic external load. The application of our model can be readily extended to several types of vessels.

Vessel Type Recognition Using a Multi-Graph Fusion Method Integrating Vessel Trajectory Sequence and Dependency Relations

In the field of research into vessel type recognition utilizing trajectory data, researchers have primarily concentrated on developing models based on trajectory sequences to extract the relevant information. However, this approach often overlooks the crucial significance of the spatial dependency relationships among trajectory points, posing challenges for comprehensively capturing the intricate features of vessel travel patterns. To address this limitation, our study introduces a novel multi-graph fusion representation method that integrates both trajectory sequences and dependency relationships to optimize the task of vessel type recognition. The proposed method initially extracts the spatiotemporal features and behavioral semantic features from vessel trajectories. By utilizing these behavioral semantic features, the key nodes within the trajectory that exhibit dependencies are identified. Subsequently, graph structures are constructed to represent the intricate dependencies between these nodes and the sequences of trajectory points. These graph structures are then processed through graph convolutional networks (GCNs), which integrate various sources of information within the graphs to obtain behavioral representations of vessel trajectories. Finally, these representations are applied to the task of vessel type recognition for experimental validation. The experimental results indicate that this method significantly enhances vessel type recognition performance when compared to other baseline methods. Additionally, ablation experiments have been conducted to validate the effectiveness of each component of the method. This innovative approach not only delves deeply into the behavioral representations of vessel trajectories but also contributes to advancements in intelligent water traffic control.

Immersion Phased Array Ultrasonic Inspection for Aluminum Liner of Carbon Fibre Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessel

Carbon fibre composite overwrapped pressure vessels (type pressure vessels for short) are widely used in hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. The aluminum liner of type pressure vessels bearing the hydrogen pressure and fiber tension simultaneously requires factory inspections. It is difficult to detect the aluminum liner with different curvature by the phased array ultrasonic testing. An aluminum liner detection method was proposed based on the immersion phased array ultrasonic testing. The thickness of the aluminum liner was measured by avoiding overlapping reflected waves. Besides, the longitudinal defects were detected by the circumferential shear wave scanning, and transverse defects were detected by the bidirectional deflecting scanning. The above three modes were verified by the acoustic field simulation and inspection simulation using CIVA. Results show that the proposed detection method is highly reliable for the thickness measurement and defect detection of the aluminum liner.

Molecular landscape and classification of vascular anomalies.

Vascular malformations, which result from anomalies in angiogenesis, include capillary, lymphatic, venous, arteriovenous, and mixed malformations and affect specific vessel types. Historically, treatments such as sclerotherapy and surgery have shown limited efficacy in complicated cases. Most vascular malformations occur sporadically, but some can be inherited. They result from mutations similar to oncogenic alterations, activating pathways such as PI3K-AKT-mTOR or Ras-MAPK-ERK. Recognizing these parallels, we highlight the potential of targeted molecular inhibitors, repurposing anticancer drugs for the treatment of vascular malformations. This case-based review explores recent developments in precision medicine for slow-flow and fast-flow vascular malformation.

A comprehensive framework incorporating deep learning for analyzing fishing vessel activity using automatic identification system data

Abstract Automatic Identification System (AIS) has emerged as a crucial and cost-effective tool for monitoring ship behavior, widely employed in various fisheries. However, extracting meaningful insights from extensive AIS data to support fishery research remains challenging. In this study, we developed a framework integrating deep learning for marine fishing activity analysis, leveraging AIS data alongside marine environmental factors. Our approach utilized a transformer-based model with a majority vote for classifying fishing vessel types. The model achieved high accuracy, surpassing 90% in vessel type classification using a small subset of AIS records. Our framework employed the Temporal K-Means algorithm to efficiently identify fishing behavior, leveraging the time-series information of AIS data. Subsequently, it mapped fishing hours onto spatial grids to analyze the relationship between fishing activity and environmental factors. Correlation analysis revealed distinct preferences of different vessel types for environmental conditions, influencing their spatial distributions. Trawlers, for instance, exhibited sensitivity to seafloor bottom temperature, whereas seiners were primarily influenced by sea surface density (SSD) and sea surface temperature and gillnetters by SSD. Through this framework, we have established a coherent process to derive valuable insights about fishery resources from AIS data and guide fisheries management.

Universal simulation model of the flow of ships to the sea cargo front of the port

The article describes the results of completed research aimed at clarifying the primary base of methods for technological design of ports and terminals. Along with the main parameter expected annual cargo traffic, the key for all such calculations is the structure of the ship traffic that implements this cargo flow, or the flow of the fleet of ships that sell cargo traffic. Each type of vessel is characterized by its own parameters, which determine the duration of service in the port and, ultimately, the occupancy of berths. Traditional analytical methods, without disputing the randomness of the nature of all initial and intermediate values, prescribe the use of average values for the assessment of final technological resources, correcting the results obtained by coefficients of engineering ignorance. This assumption, which makes it possible to use simple algebraic methods for working with deterministic quantities, excludes the emergence of any means of estimating the possible dispersion of values around the obtained average values. In the practice of investmentintensive facilities, such as seaports, the degree of dispersion of parameters characterizes the probability of errors of the first and second types: the creation of insufficient capacity, leading to losses from waiting in the queue for service, and the creation of excess capacity associated with the loss of excess capitalization. There is no objective measure that determines the balance between these losses, since the decision is purely entrepreneurial, based on the risk of losses and possible gains. This study describes a tool that allows you to make appropriate entrepreneurial decisions fairly objectively.

End-to-End Simulation of Linerless Composite Pressure Vessels Using 3D Continuum Damage Models

Linerless composite pressure vessels, or type V pressure vessels, are gaining increased interest in the transportation industry because they offer improved storage volume and dry weight, especially for low-pressure cryogenic storage. Nevertheless, the design and manufacturing of this type of pressure vessel bring several challenges due to the inherent difficulties in the manufacturing process implementation, assembly, and related analysis of structural integrity due to the severe operating conditions at cryogenic temperatures that should be taken into consideration. In this work, a novel analysis procedure using a finite element model is developed to perform an end-to-end simulation of a linerless pressure vessel, including the relevant features associated with automated fiber placement manufacturing processes regarding thickness and tape profiles, followed by an analysis of the structural response under service conditions. The results show that residual stresses from manufacturing achieve values near 50% of the composite ply transverse strength, which reduces the effective ply transverse load carrying capacity for pressure loading. Transverse damage is triggered and propagated across the vessel thickness before fiber breakage, indicating potential failure by leakage, which was confirmed by hydrostatic tests in the physical prototype at 26 bar. The cryogenic condition analysis revealed that the thermal stresses trigger transverse damage before pressure loading, reducing the estimated leak pressure by 40%. These results highlight the importance of considering the residual stresses that arise from the manufacturing process and the thermal stresses generated during cooling to cryogenic conditions, demonstrating the relevance of the presented methodology for designing linerless cryogenic composite pressure vessels.

Risk Analysis of Coral Reef Damage Area due to Grounding Incidents in Karimunjawa National Park

Abstract The designation of Karimunjawa as a National Park in 1999 does not prevent any shipping activities performed by barges, passenger ship, LCT, or even tanker from entering Karimunjawa waters. Such condition can cause damages to coral reefs if the ship run aground. In addition, the possibility of coral reefs contamination due to tourists activities such as diving that requires vessels to transport them. Based on the historical data from 2017 until 2023, fourteen cases of vessel grounding in Karimunjawa were recorded. This study comprises of hazard identiLication, frequency analysis, severity analysis, and risk representation. The simulation result of IWRAP Mk2 shows that the grounding incident in Karimunjawa is 3.736 incidents/year. Meanwhile the projected coral reefs area that affected by the grounding incident reached 0.55% from the total coverage. Based on Risk Management Australia AS/NZS 4360 (2004), the results showed that support vessels have high risk of grounding, followed by passenger ships with a moderate risk level. Tankers and other types of vessels were found to have a low risk of grounding.

Optimization of liquefaction cycles applied to CO2 coming from onshore pipeline to offshore ship transportation

In the field of the CO2 transportation for the Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) process chain, several analyses show that, for a large-scale CO2 transportation, pipeline transportation is the preferred method on land due to its lower cost. Barges also present a feasible alternative if the capture site is near a waterway. Maritime transport becomes more advantageous than pipelines, particularly over long distances and across ocean. Despite the need to liquefy CO2 and to add temporary storage facilities for loading and unloading onto ships, beyond a certain distance at fixed CO2 transported and plant life, ship transport optimal at pressures of 7 or 15 bar depending on the type of vessel. Impurities in CO2, arising from various industrial processes and variable performances of capture technologies, increase energy consumption during compression and could cause corrosion risks. Specifications for CO2 ship transport limit the concentration of certain impurities with strict thresholds. Methods for purifying CO2, such as the two-flash system and stripping column, have been proposed to meet these specifications. The studied CO2 liquefaction methods show that hybrid cycles, combining open cycle with Joule-Thompson expansion and closed cycle with cooling machine offer reduced energy consumption and improved CO2 recovery compared to open or closed cycles. In the presence of the maximum threshold of impurities in the pipeline, energy consumption can nearly double from 21.8 kWh/tCO2 to 40.9 kWh/tCO2, with the highest recovery rising 98.1 %. This research underscores the importance of optimizing CO2 transport strategies to facilitate the deployment of CCUS technologies.

Leveraging Bayesian Network to Improve the Marine Insurance’s Condition Survey Form for Passenger Vessel

Abstract To prevent the losses caused by accidents in passenger vessel, marine insurance is becoming one of the alternative solutions for the vessel’s owner to retain their financial capability. One of the most essential phases in marine insurance is survey inspection, which utilises survey condition forms as guidance. However, the current form is not designed explicitly for particular vessel types, leading to inaccurate insurance assessment. The primary objective of this study is to identify and develop an adaptive and comprehensive condition survey form for passenger vessels in Indonesia by incorporating a qualitative and quantitative risk assessment, which will be the cornerstone of this study. The Bayesian Network (BN) approach was utilised to analyse several factors that lead to a sinking accident. Twenty-one accident data from Indonesian passenger vessels were utilised as base data for generating the conditional probability. The results indicated that vessel structural defect and unqualified crew are the two most significant factors contributing to the sinking accident’s critical events, such as loss of stability and buoyancy. A practical improvement for the existing survey form has been proposed, which will benefit marine surveyor companies by enhancing the safety and accuracy of ship assessment.

Evaluation of an automated vessel recognition system: case study in Port of Cristo

Abstract An automated vessel recognition system is a sophisticated technological solution for the automatic detection, identification, and classification of vessels in a maritime environment. This paper presents the evaluation of an automatic vessel recognition system implemented in the Port of Cristo on the island of Mallorca in Spain. The system employs PTZ camera and algorithm for image analysis and object recognition to accurately detect, classify and track different types of small vessels entering or departing from the port. The results revealed that the system successfully detected the event of the arrival and departure of vessels in 95% of the cases. In addition, the system was able to identify the vessel by recognizing the registration number in 75.81% of the cases and classifying the vessel type in 89.07% of the cases. The paper presents the SWOT analysis based on the knowledge and experience gained during the testing period.

Classification of vessel types using the visual geometry group based convolutional neural network

This study explores the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the classification of vessel types within Nigerian pilotage districts, focusing on the Visual Geometry Group (VGG) architecture. The research methodology encompasses data collection, preprocessing, model selection, training, and evaluation, resulting in a robust dataset of 15,760 images representing 394 different vessel types. The VGG model achieved a validation accuracy of 94%, alongside a precision of 92%, recall of 90%, and an F1-score of 91%. These metrics indicate strong classification capabilities, yet also reveal potential overfitting, as evidenced by a plateau in validation accuracy after 50 epochs. The confusion matrix highlights the model's challenges in accurately classifying certain vessel types, suggesting a need for further refinement. Overall, this work contributes to the growing body of knowledge in maritime Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, with implications for improved operational efficiency and safety in port management.

Optimizing Maritime Energy Efficiency: A Machine Learning Approach Using Deep Reinforcement Learning for EEXI and CII Compliance

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set stringent regulations to reduce the carbon footprint of maritime transport, using metrics such as the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI) and Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) to track progress. This study introduces a novel approach using deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to optimize energy efficiency across five types of vessels: cruise ships, car carriers, oil tankers, bulk carriers, and container ships, under six different operational scenarios, such as varying cargo loads and weather conditions. Traditional fuels, like marine gas oil (MGO) and intermediate fuel oil (IFO), challenge compliance with these standards unless engine power restrictions are applied. This approach combines DRL with alternative fuels—bio-LNG and hydrogen—to address these challenges. The DRL algorithm, which dynamically adjusts engine parameters, demonstrated substantial improvements in optimizing fuel consumption and performance. Results revealed that while using DRL, fuel efficiency increased by up to 10%, while EEXI values decreased by 8% to 15%, and CII ratings improved by 10% to 30% across different scenarios. Specifically, under heavy cargo loads, the DRL-optimized system achieved a fuel efficiency of 7.2 nmi/ton compared to 6.5 nmi/ton with traditional methods and reduced the EEXI value from 4.2 to 3.86. Additionally, the DRL approach consistently outperformed traditional optimization methods, demonstrating superior efficiency and lower emissions across all tested scenarios. This study highlights the potential of DRL in advancing maritime energy efficiency and suggests that further research could explore DRL applications to other vessel types and alternative fuels, integrating additional machine learning techniques to enhance optimization.

Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Tunnel Hydrofoil—Stern Flap on the Motion Stability of a Double M-Craft in Regular Waves

Abstract The double M-craft is a new type of high-performance multihull vessel that combines the gliding characteristics of a planing boat with the resistance-reducing characteristics of a hovercraft, but it also suffers from motion instability in regular waves. At present, there is scarce study on the effect of appendage on the motion stability of double M-craft in regular waves. By using the software star-ccm+ to numerically simulate the pitching and heaving motions of a double M-craft installed with tunnel hydrofoils and stern flaps in regular waves. Based on the overset mesh technology, the volume of fluid (VOF) method is used to capture the water–gas two-phase flow field. The 2-degree of freedom (2-DOF) motion of the rigid body is simulated by dynamic fluid-body interaction (DFBI). After investigating the effects of these combined appendages on the hydrodynamic performance, running attitude, and motion response of a double M-craft in regular waves, the optimal mounting parameters of the combined appendage have been obtained. The results have shown that all nine types of combined appendages can reduce the heave and pitch. The optimal combined appendage installation parameters include a hydrofoil longitudinal mounting position of 1/8L, an angle of attack of 3 deg, a stern flap length of 1.5%L, and a flap angle of 5 deg, which can effectively reduce the pitching response by about 8% and reduce the swaying response by about 2.6%, and enhance its longitudinal motion stability.