Types Of Raw Materials Research Articles

Sosialiasi Pengadaan Bahan dan Alat Kerja Furniture Untuk Meningkatkan Kelancaran Usaha Perusahaan

The purpose of this research is to find out whether the Procurement of Materials and Work Equipment that is implemented by IdeSign Interior Design & Build at Pegadungan Kalideres, West Jakarta is optimal and can increase insight into the importance of the process of Procurement of Work Materials and Equipment at IdeSign Interior Design and Furniture Company. This research was conducted through direct observation to the location, namely Pegadungan Kalideres, West Jakarta. Data collection was carried out by field observations and interviews with the Supervisor and CEO of IdeSign Interior Design & Build.Limited knowledge related to differences in the quality of Materials and Working Tools from various brands or brands used is a problem faced in managing a furniture business, it is necessary to identify the quality specifications of a brand or brand, besides that differences in price and availability of goods affect the process of providing materials to evaluate various types of decision-making and raw materials remain available when needed.

COMPARATİVE ANALYSİS OF THE CLASSİFİCATİON OF RECYCLABLE WASTES

The classification of recycling wastes is of great importance both environmentally and economically. Correct classification of recyclable wastes such as packaging wastes increases the efficiency of the recycling process. This classification process can be done according to the raw material type, colour, shape, size and source of the waste. Correct classification of recycling wastes also provides economic benefits by ensuring more efficient use of resources. The traditional waste classification method involves manually sorting waste into different categories. This method requires a lot of labour and is time consuming. The traditional waste classification method is also prone to human error, which can lead to contamination of recyclable materials. Deep neural networks can quickly identify different types of recyclable materials by analysing images of waste materials. Thus, it can increase efficiency and reduce pollution by sorting them appropriately. In this study, an experimental study was carried out on a data set consisting of 6 classes and 2527 images under the name of "Garbage classification". In this study, a comparative analysis was carried out using the Convolutional Neural Network architectures Resnet101, Convnext and Densenet121. As a result of this study, Resnet101 architecture was more successful than other architectures with an accuracy rate of 98.41%.

EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE OF BIOGAS AND BIOMETHANE PRODUCTION FROM WASTE ACCORDING TO THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY PRINCIPLE IN AGRICULTURE

The article analyses the production of biogas from agricultural waste in the context of the circular economy. It is noted that waste-free biofuel production technologies can provide up to 50% of all farm incomes. The types of raw materials from which biogas production was carried out in the countries of the European Union in 2022 and their structure in different countries were investigated. It has been proven that in the structural ratio of the types of raw materials used for biogas production in the EU countries, energy crops and agricultural waste are leading. The volumes of biogas and biomethane production in the EU countries in 2021 are depicted and 16 countries are identified, which are the largest producers of biogas and biomethane relative to the total gas consumption among the countries of the European Union. A comprehensive analysis of the support and stimulation schemes for biogas and biomethane production was carried out in the context of the European Union and other European countries. The program documents in the field of energy of the European Union, which provide the reduction of consumption of fossil energy sources, the accelerated introduction of renewable energy sources (hereafter – RES) in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 55% by 2030 and the achievement of climate neutrality of the European Union by 2050, have been analyzed. It was determined that biomethane will be the most promising type of biofuel in the future. The potential of biomethane production in the EU countries until 2030 according to the production technologies is presented. A number of measures are proposed for the policy of stimulating biomethane production in order to achieve the growth in biomethane production in the countries of the European Union in 2030 – 40 billion cubic meters, in 2050 – 151 billion cubic meters. Attention is focused on additional types of raw materials for the production of ecologically clean biomethane (biomass from marginal or polluted lands and seaweed), as well as the latest technologies – hydrothermal gasification of wet raw materials, including organic waste and residues. EU countries are offered to include in their national climate and energy plans measures to stimulate the development of the biomethane industry.

Analysis of PET post-consumer through Thermal treatments

This research work analyzes the process of determining post-consumer contaminant material for plastics and identification of acceptable material to be reused. Burn tests were carried out on recycled material (different plastic wastes) in order to recognize, by means of color change, the type of raw material that is contaminating and thus avoid its entry into the recycling process. The burning was carried out in a thermoreactor at a temperature of 230°C for 30 minutes, with methods and equipment used in a well-known company in the region. In this study, waste from some well-known brands used in homes in the state of Guanajuato was used, considering that the separation was supported by TOMRA equipment and manual classification by the company's personnel. For the burn tests, plastic trimmings were used, elaborated in a handmade way, therefore, the work of a mechanical shredder will not be taken into account.

Восстановление нарушенных земель в горных экосистемах

Introduction. The growing volumes of extraction, processing and transportation of minerals in Russia and the world contribute to an increase in disturbed lands, which actualizes the development of new approaches and methods for reclamation work. However, a clear structure of methods for restoring disturbed lands has not yet been developed. Hence the purpose of the work: to explore the world experience in the implementation of traditional and innovative approaches to the reclamation of disturbed lands in order to identify the most promising trends for further research. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are the scientific works of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of earth sciences, geo-ecology, physical chemistry, geo-botany and microbiology. Methods of the work are general scientific methods, such as dialectical, historical, analysis, synthesis, comparison, grouping, as well as systematic and empirical approaches. Results and discussion. The study substantiates the identification of two approaches: traditional and innovative; the author’s structure of methods for biological stage of reclamation work has been developed. The traditional approach is characterized by standard, but less effective, labor-intensive, and therefore expensive, methods of reclamation by using a fertile soil layer and potentially fertile rocks with the sowing of perennial grasses, trees and shrubs. An innovative approach is on agenda today. It can significantly reduce the cost of reclamation procedures due to the use of modern technologies and materials for restoring soil fertility and decontaminating pollutants. The innovative approach includes basic methods: 1. Algae; 2. Washing; 3. Bioremediation; 4. Sorbent-oriented. The study offers to improve the term «disturbed lands» in the regulatory field of the Russian Federation in order to take into account, along with the anthropogenic and natural factors. The structure of the disturbed lands of Russia is revealed in the context of the extraction of various types of minerals. Conclusions and offers. The article presents the results of the analysis of the world methodological experience in biological stage of reclamation work. It has been established that both in Russia and abroad, work is underway to improve the biological stage of reclamation. Attention is focused on the method of bioremediation and its sub-method of phytoremediation with the sorbent-oriented method, the combination of which, according to the authors, is of the greatest practical interest. It is revealed that the tasks of using local types of raw materials for the creation of composite sorbents are topical. The authors consider the creation of composite sorbents based on peat, as the most common raw material in Russia, to be a promising direction.

Moisture binding ratio forms in formulations of minced meat semifinished products modified using protein-carbohydrate composition

Popular products in the consumer market of the Republic of Kazakhstan are meat semi-finished products. At the same time, according to trends in consumer demand, chopped semifinished products retain priority positions. An effective approach to replace part of meat raw materials in the formulations of chopped semi-finished products is the development of functional analogs of meat raw materials and products on its basis using vegetable raw material sources. An important task is to ensure the hydration characteristics of the food system, are not inferior to the basic recipes of meat semi-finished products of traditional composition. The work aims to investigate the influence of protein-carbohydrate composition (PCC) from soya okara, chickpea flour, and whey protein concentrate WPC-80 on moisture capacity and the ratio of forms of moisture binding in meat minced semi-finished products with the use of actual for the Republic of Kazakhstan types of meat raw materials - beef, mutton, poultry meat. The results allow for comparing temperature intervals of stages of thermal transformation and the quantity of water removed at separate stages of dehydration from the phase of investigated samples. The first stage, corresponding to the removal of physico-mechanically bound moisture, occurs in the temperature range from room temperature to 32-34°C for all samples. The amount of such water in the sample phase does not exceed 2 %. Osmotically bound moisture removed at the second stage is the basis of all water saturating the samples. Its quantity is maximum in the composition of samples № 2 and № 3. At the same time, the widest temperature range of the second stage of dehydration also characterizes samples № 2 and 3: 94 °C and 103 °C, respectively. Removal of adsorption and chemically bound moisture at the third stage of thermal transformation occurs at high temperatures and may be accompanied by thermolysis of sample components. The share of moisture removed at this stage of the process from the phase of the sample does not exceed 16.3 %, which is maximum for PCC and minimum for sample № 4 (13.7 %). The results indicate a higher hydration level of the samples prepared according to the modified formulations with PCC, compared to the control sample. This is due to the influence of protein-carbohydrate complexes containing polysaccharides, simple sugars, and disaccharides on the degree of water molecules binding.

Development of industrial technology of plant substance of viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract

Nowadays, the development of domestic herbal medicines for the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system remains one of the current problems in the health care system of Ukraine. Some types of plant raw materials that can be successfully used in the complex therapy of cardiovascular diseases include viburnum fruits (Viburnum opulus L.). Pharmacological activity, the antimicrobial, antioxidant and cardioprotective properties of the extract developed on their basis from the fruits of the viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) have studied by preclinical in vitro researches.
 The aim of the work was the development of industrial technology of the domestic plant substance Viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) for the purpose of it further introduction into the tablet dosage form.
 Experimental samples of viburnum opulus fruits of domestic origin were used as object of research, harvested in the experimental fields of the Institute of Vegetable and Melon growing of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (Kharkiv region) to obtain the plant substance VOFLE. Physicochemical and pharmacotechnological methods of research have been used in our work.
 As a result of physical, chemical and pharmacotechnological researches, a domestic plant substance – Viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) has been developed and standardized by extracting viburnum fruits (Viburni opuli fructus) by water-ethanol mixture 50% at the general ratio of raw material: extractant – 1:10, the analysis of each production stage of the technological process was carried out in order to establish the main technological parameters that are subjected to monitoring during the introduction of plant substances in industrial production and during the validation of the technological process.
 The technology of the domestic herbal substance viburnum opulus fruit liquid extract (VOFLE) obtaining was theoretically justified and experimentally developed with the aim of its further introduction into a tablet medicinal form of cardioprotective and membrane-stabilizing activity. A technological block diagram was developed with the definition of its main critical stages of the production process of the herbal substance, as well as a production equipment scheme, which was tested in industrial conditions of the LLC «Pharmaceutical Company "Zdorovya"», Kharkiv.

Application of the Min-Max Stock Method in the Inventory Control of the Raw Materials for the Cement Production at PT XYZ

PT XYZ is the largest cement manufacturer in Indonesia that produces cement with different types of cement, namely OPC, PCC, and PPC. The implementation of its production process, starts with the mixing of raw materials, processing, and packaging to the finished product, namely cement. PT XYZ has a problem in the form of raw material inventory that has not been well controlled because the raw materials are often placed outside the storage area provided by the company due to overloading, thus taking up space that should not be used as a raw material storage area. In this study, the minimum-maximum method is applied to 4 types of raw materials, silica sand, gypsum, trass, and fly ash. By determining the amount of safety stock, minimum stock, maximum stock, reorder point and order quantity, companies can effectively determine the raw material inventory policy to avoid overstock or stockout. The study uses a 99% service level with a 1% risk of out-of-stock products. The results of the study obtained the safety stock value of silica sand 3,854 tons; gypsum 4,405 tons; trass 10,456 tons; and Fly Ash 511 tons. Then, the minimum inventory calculation is carried out, it is known that the minimum inventory results are in Fly ash raw material of 776 tons while the results for maximum inventory are in Trass of 34,613 tons. After the min-max calculation, the ordering policy for each material can be obtained, silica sand 5,255 tons, gypsum 9,111 tons, trass 22,534 tons, fly ash 776 tons.

An optimization model for sustainable multi-product multi-echelon supply chain networks with U-shaped assembly line balancing under uncertainty

This study presents an integrated supply chain network with suppliers, manufacturers, assemblers, and customers. The proposed model considers a U-shaped assembly line with three sustainability objective functions. We consider assumptions considering different types of raw materials, multiple products, location selection of manufacturers, location selection of assemblers, and capacity of suppliers. The problem is formulated non-linear and then linearized as a multi-objective model. Some cost and demand parameters are considered uncertain and are represented by fuzzy sets and theory. The proposed uncertain model is first converted to a multi-objective crisp model by applying the modified robust possibilistic programming approach. Then, the obtained crisp multi-objective model is solved by an interactive-fuzzy optimization approach in the literature. For computational study, some test problems are generated and solved using an original deterministic formulation and the crisp form of the uncertain formulation. The obtained results are analyzed and compared according to the objective function values. Finally, an extensive sensitivity analysis is performed on the parameters of the models.

Влияние белкового концентрата на качественные показатели козьих сыров

Purpose. To determine the effect of sunflower protein concentrate on the amino acid composition of cheeses made on the basis of goat's milk. Materials and Methods. In the conditions of the complex analytical laboratory of VRIMMP, 3 samples of semi-hard cheese were produced, one of which was a control without additives and 2 – experimental (No. 1 and No. 2) with a percentage of protein concentrate of 1.0 and 2.5% of the total weight of the cheese. Cheese samples were produced using traditional technology in accordance with GOST R 52686-2006. The active acidity of the samples was monitored using a portable pH meter testo 206-pH2 with the function of determining pH and temperature. The protein content was studied using an analyzer based on the Kjeldahl method. Indicators of the mass fraction of fat were determined using glass butyrometers type 1-6 according to GOST 5867-90. The mass fraction of moisture was determined by drying the sample in calcined sand at a temperature of 103°C. Analysis of the amino acid composition of the finished samples was carried out on a Kapel 105M analyzer (Lumex LLC, St. Petersburg, Russia). Results. The protein content in cheese sample No. 1 is 1.4% higher than in the control, and the content of this indicator in sample No. 2 exceeds the control by 2.8%. The amino acid composition in the samples in which protein concentrate was introduced into the recipe exceeds the content of this indicator in the control sample, which indicates a beneficial effect of the introduced component on the nutritional value of the finished product. The moisture content in the experimental samples decreased compared to the control due to the introduction of the additive and an increase in dry matter: in sample No. 1 – by 1.42%, and in sample No. 2 – by 2.86%. A slight increase in fat was found in cheese samples No. 1 and No. 2, but the indicator was within the normal range, which corresponds to this type of product. Conclusion. The use of goat milk as a raw material for the production of various types of cheeses is a promising direction for dairy producers food products. Rich composition makes goat's milk an indispensable food product for both children and adults. Compared to the milk of other animals, goat's milk is easily digestible, has hypoallergenic properties, due to which it is in high demand among people watching their diet or suffering from various types of food allergies. The conducted research and obtained data indicate the prospect of using this type of raw material as a complete base, and the use of protein concentrate in the production formulation will allow to obtain an enriched product with increased protein content.

Consistency Analysis of Rendement and Quality of CPO (Crude Palm Oil) Palm Oil Processing at PT. Agricinal North Bengkulu

The yield and quality of CPO is influenced by the condition of unripe and overripe FFB (fresh fruit bunches), which can cause an increase in ALB, water content and dirt content. The quality of CPO is also influenced by FFB from the community. Analysis of the consistency of the yield and quality of CPO was carried out due to the age of the plants that were too old and the performance of the factory machines decreased due to the age of the machines. Analysis of yield consistency and quality was carried out using statistical quality control methods, namely quality control using a statistical approach using control charts and causal diagrams. This study uses secondary data on the yield and quality of CPO for the past year (July 2021-June 2022). The research results show, there are data that are outside the upper control limit, yield in July 2021, free fatty acid content in May 2022 and dirt content in October 2021. While the water content is statistically controlled (in statistical control). The yield and quality of ALB are influenced by type of raw material, production capacity and oil losses. Moisture content and dirt content are affected by treatment of production process and machine conditions.

Study on the strength of needle-punched nonwoven material made on the basis of sole trader "Miras"

Coarse sheep wool and wastes from the production of woolen yarns are currently considered to be a special waste that requires large disposal costs due to low market demand. For this reason, wool has serious consequences for the environment. However, this type of raw material is considered a promising insulating natural fiber due to its thermal and acoustic properties. Moreover, wool meets the requirements of environmentally friendly materials that are used for yurts, insulation of buildings, and acoustic insulation for the automotive industry. Nevertheless, the sustainability and energy efficiency of insulation materials are currently evaluated comprehensively. In this context, the correctness of the composition of nonwoven fabric, its thickness and strength characteristics, as well as the number of layers play an important role. The purpose of this work is to study the relationship between strength characteristics and thickness, as well as the number of layers in nonwovens made of 100 % wool mixed with coarse and fine fibers, and to determine the most optimal variant of insulating nonwovens. 4 samples of one, two, three and four-layered materials were used in the study. The tested samples of insulating materials were evaluated according to the parameters of breaking load, strength and elongation. The results of the research showed that with an increase in the number of layers of material, there is an increase in the tested two indicators: breaking load and strength. The elongation rates were uneven. Consequently, by examining all three parameters, it was found that the best option is a three-layered nonwoven material.

Potential Assessment of Sturgeon Muscle Tissue as a Development Basis for Specialized Athletes Nutrition

Specialized food products use in the athlete diet developed considering the needs for nutrients is one of the most important factors in achieving high sports results and rapid recovery after physical activity. The study aims at possibility assessment of the muscle tissue use of sturgeon fish as a basis for the specialized food products development for athletes. Total chemical composition analysis of 13 sturgeon muscle tissue samples demonstrated that these fish species belong to the protein one with 15.73–19.38% protein content. According to the fat content, there are two groups to be identified: Sib×Sevr, BS×AO, bester Burtsevsky, bester vnirovsky, RO×L belong to fatty fish species (8.22–13.49% fat), and bester Aksai, K, K×A, St×K, AO – to medium-fat fish (4.70–7.92% fat). The study of the amino acid score of muscle tissue proteins has shown their high biological value. Only Burtsevsky bester and Siberian sturgeon differed in the presence of a limiting amino acid (valine), the rest of the samples studied had an amino acid score of more than 100%. The highest content of carnosine dipeptide is observed in hybrids between Siberian sturgeon and stellate sturgeon (385 mg/100 g), between Kaluga and Amur sturgeon (382.6 mg/100 g), as well as in bester vnirovsky (331.2 mg/100 g) and Amur sturgeon (308.8 mg/100 g). The fatty acid composition analysis of lipids showed the unsaturated fatty acids prevalence in it and a high total content of polyunsaturated eicosapentanoic and docosahexaenoic fatty acids (5.79–12.70%). A comprehensive assessment of the chemical composition coefficient and structural and mechanical characteristics of minced meat based on sturgeon muscle tissue revealed that this type of raw material is efficient in product manufacture for athletes.

Properties of Hemp Shive Panels with Different Resin Content

Wood-based panels are one of the leading materials for frame structures of furniture. The worldwide shortage of wood raw materials necessitates searching for alternative sources to produce panels. Hemp shives are a representative of precisely this type of raw material. They are characterised by low bulk density and high fibre strength. For this study, four types of one-layered panels from hemp shives were fabricated in laboratory conditions, with a resin content of 8, 10, 12, and 14%, respectively. Accordingly, their main physical and mechanical properties were determined and compared to those of particleboards from raw wood material. It was found that the obtained panels from hemp shives have very good mechanical properties, and their high edge screw withdrawal resistance is very promising in terms of applicability for furniture constructions. As a direct result of these findings, the resin content is not recommended to be above 10%.

ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF LOCAL RAW MATERIALS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF SELF-SEALING CONCRETES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Initiation of production and application of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in Kazakhstan requires not only local research within the framework of solving technological problems in one agglomeration under active construction, but also an assessment of potential opportunities for the development of the raw material base of SBC and processing industries in different regions. Taking into account that the raw material possibilities for these purposes in the regions of Kazakhstan differ to a great extent, and the considered type of concrete is economically feasible only when using local raw materials in the composition, the conceptual approaches to the selection and evaluation of raw materials for SCC, known in the world scientific practice, were analyzed and summarized. as well as the results of the development of SCC in KazGASA with the use of raw materials relevant for a number of regions. Studies of local raw materials have shown the prospect of using high-silica furnaces in high-strength substations; fillers from the screenings of stone crushing of local rocks, represented by hydrothermally and metasomatically altered porphyrites of medium-major composition and porphyries of decrystallized quartz-feldspar composition; granites and hybrid rock of quartz diorite in composition with zeolite, microsilica. Issues requiring study were identified in the application of certain types of raw materials, which differ in mineralogical and other characteristics from those previously studied, issues in the development of own technology for the synthesis of organic modifiers for SCC.

PRODUCTION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS USING COAL TAR RESIN AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR SURFACE PROPERTIES

The traditional technological process for creating highly porous materials from carbonaceous raw materials involves two stages of thermal treatment: carbonization (pyrolysis) and activation (gasification), aimed at forming a porous structure capable of adsorption. Combining both stages into a single process with chemical activation allows for efficient raw material utilization and control of the material's porous structure at different levels, providing the ability to customize its characteristics. The choice of a chemical activator depends on the type of raw material and the required characteristics of porous carbon materials. In this study, it is established that the analysis of surface properties of highly porous carbon materials synthesized from coal tar pitch, obtained by distillation of coal tar resin from JSC "Shubarkolkomir," confirms the outstanding operational characteristics of this material. The application of a combined process of carbonization and activation of coal tar pitch at an optimal temperature in an inert atmosphere leads to the formation of porous carbon materials with a high specific surface area: 561 (traditional method), 789 (chemical activation), and 881 m²/g (templating method), as well as a pore volume of 0.30; 0.40; and 0.48 cm³/g, respectively. This work not only expands the technological methods of obtaining carbon materials from coal tar resin but also underscores their potential for improving soil structure and increasing the efficiency of agricultural production.

Resistance of Chloride and Sulfate of Geopolymer based on fly ash and silica fume as alternative raw materials.

Concrete durability to salt resistance is the main factor affecting the service life of concrete used in acid or salt environment. This project aims to develop the concrete composition for salt resistance of chloride and sulfate at 50,000 mg/L as the simulated salt solution in this project. Geopolymer consisted of 10%wt ordinary Portland cement (OPC type 1) with the other alternative raw materials which were pozzolanic materials and wastes (fly ash, silica fume and rice husk ash). The various parameters which were type and content of the alternative raw materials, plasticizers content, liquid to powder ratio, etc, were studied for developing the compressive strength of geopolymer after soaking in the simulated salt solution for 14 days as comparison with those in the normal water and the ordinary Portland cement. The results found that geopolymer consisted of fly ash and silica fume with the mixture of NaOH (10M): Na2SiO3 in a ratio of 24:16 (wt./wt.) could improve the compressive strength of geopolymer cement after soaking in the simulated sulfate salt solution for 14 days as compared to the ordinary Portland cement type 1 and type 5. Moreover, this geopolymer showed low density which was beneficial for use in the engineering structure in the high salt area. In addition, the change of chemical reaction and phases after setting of geopolymer in high concentrations of chloride and sulfate solution were studied to understand the mechanism of salt resistance of geopolymer and to develop the concrete composition for salt resistance in the future.

Studying the effectiveness of a feed additive for poultry "VITASIL 2 PLUS"

Feed additives based on organic acids have a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect that correlates with the input rate (dosage). The effect of the drugs is due to a cellular metabolic disorder of opportunistic bacteria and a change in the permeability of their cell membranes. The use of acid-based preparations helps to preserve the nutritional value of feed and prevent infection of animals and birds, which is an important aspect in maintaining the productivity of livestock. This article examines the effectiveness of the new feed additive “Vitasil 2 Plus” against micro-organisms of the species Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa by adding to water and various types of raw materials and feed.Epizootic strains isolated from pathological material from birds from poultry farms in the Russian Federation were used as test cultures. The effectiveness of the drug was studied at low and high input rates, depending on the type of substrate being studied. The following substrates were used: drinking water, granulated feed, powder, fish meal and soybean meal. Simple (meat peptone agar), selective (staphylococcal agar) and differential diagnostic (Endo medium, xyloselysine deoxycholate agar - XLD agar) nutrient media were used in the work.According to the results, it was found that the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects of the feed additive, as a rule, correlate with high and low input rates. As a result, the effectiveness of the complex drug “Vitasil 2 Plus” has been proven against a number of microorganisms, thereby this feed additive can be used in the disinfection of feed and drinking water.

Characteristics of GABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid), antioxidant and sensory quality of modified Tempeh

ABSTRACTGABA (Gamma Amino Butyric Acid) is a non-protein amino acid that is beneficial to health. Tempeh is a fermentation product with GABA and antioxidant components that contribute to its health-promoting properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of the type of raw material and coloring method on the characteristics of the functional content of modified Tempeh. The research utilized a Completely Randomized Design with raw material types (sorghum, adlay, soybeans, and mung beans) and drying methods (oven drying and freeze-drying) as treatments. The results showed that the type of raw material and drying method had significant effect on the levels of GABA, flavonoids, total phenolic content, and the antioxidant activity of the modified Tempeh. The sorghum tempeh dried with a freeze dryer exhibits the highest GABA content at 1421 mg/100 grams. From a statistical perspective, the antioxidant capacity generated in fresh green bean and soybean tempeh is categorized as moderate. Modified Tempeh made from soybean had sensory acceptance and it did not significantly different from the control.

The Influence of Lifestyle and Brand Image on Purchasing Decisions for Mundo Products with Purchase Intention as an Intervening Variable

The textile industry in Indonesia has great potential with various types of raw materials, including cotton, silk, rattan, and polyester. An integrated supply chain is the key to success in this industry, which is currently experiencing positive growth. Socks are an important textile product and have become part of the lifestyle, especially in the digital era. This study aims to understand the effect of lifestyle and brand image in the digitalization era on purchasing decisions for Mundo socks products through purchase intention as an intervening variable. This research uses descriptive quantitative methods and involves 250 retail stores spread across the city of Medan. The research sample size was determined by the Slovin method with an error rate of 5% resulting in 154 respondents. data was collected with various research instruments, literature studies and research questionnaires. The results showed that Lifestyle and Brand Image and Purchase Intention as intervening variables had a partial and simultaneous effect on Purchasing Decisions at PT. Jumbo Niaga Lestari. And Lifestyle is the most dominant variable influencing Purchasing Decisions at PT. Jumbo Niaga Lestari.