Type Of Industry Research Articles

DETERMINANTS OF EARNINGS PERSISTENCE LITERACY STUDY MANUFACTURING IN INDONESIA

This research aims to analyze the impact of industry type, debt levels, and sales volatility on a company's ability to predict and maintain profits over time. Because profit persistence is the main determinant of the sustainability of a company's profitability and the quality of its financial reporting, this research is very important. The research population is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2019 and 2022. Purposive sampling is the approach used for sampling, and a total of 23 companies or 83 observations for the sample were selected. Multiple linear regression analysis is the analysis method used. The research results show that company size, as a control variable, has a positive impact on earnings persistence, sales volatility has a negative impact, while debt level and industry type have a positive effect on earnings persistence. Overall, this research has significant consequences for decision making, financial statement analysis, and profit prediction for future periods.

Penerapan Ekonomi Hijau Dan Akuntansi Lingkungan Dalam Strategi Bisnis PT. Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER)

Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER) is a company that develops and manages industrial estates located in Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Established in 1991, PT. SIER has become one of the important industrial centers in the East Java region. The main focus of PT. Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER) is to provide complete and high-quality infrastructure to support various types of industries, ranging from manufacturing to logistics. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of green economy and environmental accounting in the business strategy of PT. Surabaya Industrial Estate Rungkut (SIER), an industrial estate development company in Surabaya, Indonesia. Green economy and environmental accounting are important approaches for companies to achieve sustainability goals and corporate social responsibility.

Menganalisis Potret Industri Indonesia Berdasarkan Industri Pengolahan Migas dan Non-Migas

This research aims to analyze industrial conditions in Indonesia with a focus on the oil and gas processing industry (oil and gas) and non-oil and gas industries. This study uses a descriptive approach by collecting secondary data from various official sources such as the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), the Ministry of Industry, and the annual reports of related companies. The analysis results show that the oil and gas and non-oil and gas processing industries have a significant contribution to the Indonesian economy, but face different challenges. The oil and gas industry, although it plays a large role in state revenues and exports, experiences fluctuations in world oil prices which affect its stability. On the other hand, the non-oil and gas industry shows more stable and diversified growth, with sectors such as manufacturing, textiles and electronics being the main pillars. This research also identifies various factors that influence the development of these two types of industry, including government policy, foreign investment, and infrastructure. It is hoped that these findings can provide insight for policy makers and stakeholders in formulating strategies to advance industry in Indonesia.

A Shape-Preserving Variational Spline Approximation Problem for Hole Filling in Generalized Offset Surfaces

In the study of some real cases, it is possible to encounter well-defined geometric conditions, of an industrial or design type—for example, the case of a specific volume within each of several holes. In most of these cases, it is recommended to fulfil a function defined in a domain in which information is missing in one or more sub-domains (holes) of the global set, where the function data are not known. The problem of filling holes or completing a surface in three dimensions appears in many fields of computing, such as computer-aided geometric design (CAGD). A method to solve the shape-preserving variational spline approximation problem for hole filling in generalized offset surfaces is presented. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the studied method are established, as well as the computation, and certain convergence results are analyzed. A graphic and numerical example complete this study to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented method. This manuscript presents the resolution of a complicated problem due to the study of some criteria that can be traduced via an approximation problem related to generalized offset surfaces with holes and also the preservation of the shape of such surfaces.

Ownership frictions in a procurement market: Evidence from London buses

This paper investigates the efficiency impact of garage ownership frictions in the procurement of public bus transportation services in London. In this market, operators are less competitive for routes far from their garages, leading to local monopoly rents. Empty bus travel between garages and routes (dead miles) is found to account for about 13 percent of driving time in this market. Consequentially, sizeable effects of dead mile minutes on bids and procurement costs are estimated. Taking the urban context and the demand side as given, and treating this market as a typical network industry, counterfactual simulations evaluate the effect of unbundling the ownership of bus garages from the operation of the bus routes. Letting a central dispatcher allocate buses to garages would reduce total dead miles by 14 percent, with corresponding reductions of operating costs and of polluting exhaust emissions.

The influence of regional industrial structure on the suitability of biomass energy development: A case study of 30 counties and cities in a cold region of China

The development of the biomass economy contributes to economic growth and social development. The study of biomass energy economy from the perspective of industrial structure type has the significance of promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, promoting the development of green industry and other aspects. It helps to promote the sustainable development of the economy and society. And industrial structure is a major component of the socio-economic system. Therefore, it is necessary to study the impact of material energy supply and demand from the perspective of regional industrial structure type. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the type of industrial structure and the development of biomass energy from the perspective of the economic direction, so as to fill the gap in this research perspective. Based on the three major industries generally regarded to constitute GDP - agriculture, industry, and service - the regression results of STATA software were used to calculate biomass potential according to crop distribution status. Using the ArcGIS analysis tool, the biomass break-even model related to resource supply-demand has been used to obtain the break-even status of the research area under six industrial structures in the past 20 years. According to research results, the break-even degree of biomass energy supply is between 0.109 and 1.236 when the industrial structure types of counties and cities are service-agriculture-industry and industry-agriculture-service. This is suitable for biomass energy development. When the industrial structure type of counties and cities is service-industry-agriculture, the break-even degree of biomass energy supply is between -0.428 and 0.277, which is not suitable for biomass energy development.

Do pharmacists have roles in Tuberculosis? A Narrative Review

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease that is caused by bacteria called, “Mycobacterium tuberculosis”. It usually affects the lungs. Pharmacists can play an important role in facilitating optimal pathways to the care of tuberculosis. This narrative review aims to describe the multiple roles of different types of pharmacists in tuberculosis. It analyses the role of different types of pharmacists in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of tuberculosis. This narrative review is divided into four main sections: (1) the role of the pharmacist in tuberculosis in medication management; (2) the pharmacists’ role in tuberculosis patient support and education; (3) public health collaboration; and (4) role of the pharmacist in resource-limited settings. In the first section, the review presents the roles of pharmacists in medication management, such as dispensing, preventing drug-resistant TB, and promoting medication adherence. The second section describes counseling, and diagnosis, and refers to the role of pharmacists in tuberculosis patient support and education. The third section includes public health roles such as prevention of TB transmission and involvement in DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-Course). Finally, the role of pharmacists in resource-limited settings, such as, the role in low- and middle-income countries and other roles are described, along with strategies to strengthen the role of pharmacists in tuberculosis. Professional support, improved public sector patient care, and media campaigns would help strengthen the role of pharmacists in tuberculosis. In efforts to align with the WHO’s new End TB Strategy 2016–2035, health systems should consider utilizing hospital, clinical, industrial, community, and other types of pharmacists to assist in improving tuberculosis identification, diagnosis, and treatment to prevent morbidity and mortality.

Developments in Employment Opportunities: Indispensable in Sustaining one’s Living Conditions in a Satisfactory Manner

The individuals, belonging to rural communities have agriculture and farming practices as their primary occupations. But through getting engaged in these occupations, they are unable to generate sufficient income. They are engaged in these practices only during the productive season, whereas, during the rest of the year they remain unemployed. Hence, in order to lead to progression of rural individuals and communities, one needs to get engaged in employment opportunities. These are facilitating in not only generating income, but rural individuals are able to hone their competencies, abilities and aptitude. One of the important aspects is, rural individuals are being well-prepared to generate income and bring about improvements in their overall quality of lives. This is facilitated through getting engaged in employment opportunities. Furthermore, there is a need to formulate different types of programs, which are facilitating in leading to up-gradation of employment opportunities within rural communities. In addition, there are establishment of different types of industries and factories within rural communities, which are facilitating in promoting employment opportunities. One important aspects is, one needs to be well-versed in terms of job duties and methodologies to put these into practice. Therefore, it is well-understood, developments in employment opportunities is indispensable in sustaining one’s living conditions in a satisfactory manner. The main concepts that are taken into account in this research paper are, measures to be implemented in promoting developments in employment opportunities within rural communities and factors taken into account by rural individuals to implement employment opportunities appropriately.

Implementation of Operational Management at the Manufacturing Company (Pt Nippon Indosari Corpindo, Tbk) Sari Roti

Operational management is very important for all types of industries, one of which is manufacturing. Manufacturing companies are concerned with production processes on a large scale that use equipment and machinery to manage raw materials into finished goods. PT Nippon Indosari Corpindo Tbk “SARI ROTI "is one of the leading bread manufacturing companies in Indonesia. This Journal discusses how SARI ROTI applies operations management concepts to achieve competitive advantage and meet growing market demand. Based on these objectives, researchers use qualitative research with qualitative analysis methods in which research is conducted by analyzing data using theoretical foundations as the basis of analysis. The data analyzed is secondary data, which is data that comes from existing sources and is not self-processed data The results showed that this company is a company that successfully runs the overall operations management concept, so that the company is able to produce quality products and ensure the cleanliness of all its products, as well as efficient in terms of the production process and distribution of products produced with a wide marketing area coverage.

Transfer pricing, earnings management and corporate governance among listed firms: Evidence from Ghana

PurposeThis study aims to examine the prevalence of transfer pricing and earnings management activities, and how they are impacted by corporate governance mechanisms.Design/methodology/approachUsing the political cost theory, the study provides insights into how opportunistic managerial behaviours which have a strong link to profit shifting and tax evasion are driven by corporate governance using data from 16 listed firms for the period 2008–2020.FindingsThe results reveal that the transaction-based transfer pricing model is better than the index-based model and the accrual-based earnings management model suits the political cost theory more than the real earnings management metric. Board size and female CEO increase transfer pricing aggressiveness but board independence, CEO tenure, CEO nationality and female Board Chairwomanship reduce transfer pricing aggressiveness. The findings also reveal the role of multinational enterprise status, private ownership, industry type, firm size, financial leverage, asset tangibility and firm age. For accrual-based earnings management, board independence, CEO tenure, and female Board Chairwomanship significantly decrease earnings management. Other factors include private ownership, firm size, and firm age.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study are relevant for shaping industry-level policies on earning management, transfer pricing and related-party transactions. Since these opportunistic managerial behaviours are the foremost drivers of tax avoidance and profit shifting, the findings of this study provide relevant insights for practitioners, tax and other regulatory authorities, policymakers and the academic community alike.Originality/valueThis is among the premier studies on the transfer pricing and earnings management nexus with corporate governance factors using the political cost theory, especially in the developing country context. It also reveals the significant impact of gender and suggests the need for gender diversity in corporate management.

Do green dynamic capabilities and absorptive capacity affect green innovation performance? A study on companies in Indonesia

Purpose: This study aims to empirically analyze the effect of absorptive capacity, green dynamic capability, and green manufacturing practices (GMP) on green innovation performance (GIP).Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative approach was employed in this study, with data collected through a questionnaire and analyzed for hypothesis using the partial least squares structural equation model. In order to enhance the depth of the analysis, in-depth interviews were conducted with experienced practitioners from three selected companies implementing green innovations.Findings: Empirical findings showed that reconfiguring capabilities positively affects GIP. Realized absorptive capacity positively affects GMP but does not affect GIP. Then, realized absorptive capacity positively impacts sensing and reconfiguration capabilities. GMP mediates the relationship between realized absorptive capacity and GIP. This study reveals the two pathways through which green dynamic capabilities affect realized absorptive capacity and GIP.Research limitations/implications: This study has yet to consider potential variations in company ownership, applied technology, and industry type that could lead to differences in green innovation characteristics. This study employed a small sample size and a Likert-scale questionnaire, possibly leading to respondent perception bias (although this is unlikely).Practical implications: The results of this study offered valuable insights into how companies developed dynamic capabilities to address essential green requirements in their product and processes. Thus, companies can prepare all available resources to adapt to various environment-related changes.Social implications: Companies with high green innovation performance will produce environmentally friendly products, conduct industrial activities without damaging the environment, and ultimately create a sustainable industry.Originality/value: What distinguishes this study is the division of green dynamic capabilities into three independent capabilities: SenCap, SeiCap, and Reconf, which had been described as a single capacity in previous studies. Furthermore, this study emphasizes GMP's position between absorptive capacity and green dynamic capability with GIP.

Workplace hazards and safety practices in the small-scale industries

Abstract The small-scale industries are considered a major sector of economic investment in the world. Small-scale industries typically suffer from problems such as poor management systems, poor safety training, difficulties in complying with legislation, and absence of safety performance. This study aimed to measure the levels of heat stress and noise and assess the safety performance in small-scale industries. Twenty industrial workshops were selected representing four different types of small-scale industries (foundries, automotive repair, metal processing, and aluminium processing) in Alexandria, Egypt. Inside each selected workshop, both levels of heat stress and noise were measured by calibrated instruments. A pre-designed checklist evaluated the adequacy of the safety performance. Noise levels ranged between 86.4 ± 2.0 and 89.7 ± 2.7 dB exceeding the recommended value (85 dB). In the most studied workshops, the levels of heat stress were relatively high, especially in the foundries. Besides, the safety practices at all these workshops were poor or very poor. The most obvious safety problems included poor housekeeping, lack of PPEs, inadequate illumination, absence of emergency exits, and insufficient fire extinguishers. The results emphasize the responsibility of the local authorities to give more attention and interest to this type of industry.

Interspecific crossing in gooseberry breeding as the basis for the industrial-type varieties creation

For optimal cultivation of gooseberries, the presence of industrial-type cultivars plays an important role, therefore, the study of economically useful parameters, such as resistance to diseases and pests, productivity, high commercial qualities of berries, suitability for combine harvesting is relevant. Consequently, the goal of the present research was to study remote gooseberry hybrids obtained on the genetic basis of a mighty gooseberry species (Grossularia robusta) involved in hybridization according to the main economic and biological characteristics.Selected gooseberry forms obtained from the remote (interspecific) hybridization withGrossularia robustaspecies were the studied material.The degree of damage by the American powdery mildew, the quality of berries and suitability for machine harvesting were assessed. As a result of the long – term study of hybrid offspring obtained from interspecific crosses, promising selected formsF29-283-1(2) andF29-283-1(6) (seedlings from the open pollination from the family 142-x36-12 × Grossularia robusta) have been identified, which are of interest for further practical breeding of gooseberries when creating commercial cultivars of industrial type.

Welding of Steel - Its Mechanism and Applications in Multiple Sectors

Among different metals steel can be easily welded and welded steel has required strength, good ductility and sufficient resistance to general corrosion media. Since steel welding is being used in all types of fabrication industries, the mechanism of steel welding has been explored for different types of steel along with its multiple applications.

Mechanistic Insights into the Synthesis of Nickel-Graphene Nanostructures for Gas Sensors.

Toxic gases are used in different types of industries and thus, present a potential health hazard. Therefore, highly sensitive gas sensing materials are essential for the safety of those operating in their environments. A process involving electrospinning polymer solutions impregnated with transition metal ions are developed to yield nanofibers that are annealed to form graphitic carbon / nickel nanoparticle-based fibers for gas sensing applications. The performance of these gas sensors is strongly related to the ability to control the material parameters of the active material. As the formation of these nanostructures, which nucleate within solid carbon scaffolds, have not been investigated, the growth mechanisms are look to understand in order to exert control over the resulting material. Evaluation of these growth mechanisms are conducted through a combination of thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry (TGA-MS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and reveal nucleation of nickel at the onset of the polymer scaffold decomposition with subsequent growth processes, including surface diffusion, aggregation, coalescence and evaporation condensation, that are activated at different temperatures. Gas sensing experiments conducted on analyte gases demonstrate good sensitivity and response times, and significant potential for use in other energy and environmental applications.

Assessing digital capability for twin transition and profitability: From firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator

AbstractDigital capability encompasses the skills and attitudes that firms and employees need to thrive in the modern digital era. Digital capability of a firm involves the effective adoption and use of modern digital technologies such as Industry 4.0. From the individual perspective, digital capability is referred to as knowledge and skill sets of people which are essential to work in digitally enabled firms. Not many studies have been conducted to assess how digital capability can help in twin transition, that is, both at individual and firm levels, and how such digital capability can help in improving profitability for the firms. There is also a lack of studies exploring how firm leadership support can enhance digital capability to improve both organizational and employee performance. In this background, the aim of this study is to assess the role of digital capability for both firm and people perspectives with leadership support as moderator. With the support of resource‐based view (RBV) and literature, a research model was prepared conceptually which was later validated using PLS‐SEM technique considering 348 responses from employees of different types of industries. Based on the analysis of feedback from participants in India, this study has reached a specific conclusion. Consequently, the results suffer from external validity issues which have been considered as one of the critical limitations of this study. It has been demonstrated that impacts of digital competency could improve both people and firm performance enhancing the profitability of the firms. Such enhancement of profitability is facilitated by the impact of leadership support.

Spatial distribution, influencing factors and innovative development countermeasures of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province, China

China’s rural reform is reliant on farmers' cooperatives as a key organization vehicle. It plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. Such as, realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. This study used the nearest neighbor index and kernel density estimation to analyze the spatial distribution and structural characteristics of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province. It revealed the spatial differentiation law of cooperatives. Also using geographical detectors to figure out the main factors that affect the spatial distribution. The results show that: ① Hunan Farmers Cooperatives show significant spatial agglomeration. The overall spatial distribution shows the spatial characteristics of "one core, one circle, and multiple points". And the spatial distribution pattern of "large agglomeration, finger-shaped radiation distribution". Among them, the distribution of provincial demonstration cooperatives is relatively balanced. ② Cooperatives in six types of industries, such as planting, forestry, and feeding, showed agglomeration distribution. Different industrial cooperatives spread out in different ways, such as in an anti-"L" shape, a dual-core shape, or a one-center area. ③ The 24 influence factors selected from the five dimensions of the natural environment, social economic basis, production basis, output capacity, and facility basis have high, general, and weak influence on cooperatives' spatial distribution. The development and distribution of cooperatives mainly depend on resource endowment, social and economic development level, and market dependence. The spatial distribution heterogeneity of different professional cooperatives is mainly affected by slope, per capita disposable income of rural residents, road density, and other factors. ④ The progression of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province should prioritize high-quality development, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches and transformative strategies within rural industrial organizations. It is imperative to optimize the spatial distribution of cooperatives, strategically contributing to the establishment of a novel framework for modern agricultural development in Hunan Province. Additionally, there is a critical emphasis on spearheading collaborative initiatives among cooperatives of varied industrial types, aimed at fostering the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries.

High-performance work practices and entrepreneurial firm performance: the moderating role of firm size and industry type

PurposeThis paper examines the moderating role of firm size (FS) and industry type in the relationship between high-performance work practices (HPWPs) and entrepreneurial firm performance.Design/methodology/approachA descriptive research design involving a five-year dataset from firms in the retail and services industries of Nigeria was used in the analyses.FindingsThe use of HPWPs is widespread among entrepreneurial firms, with ability- and motivation-enhancing practices being dominant. Country context influences the types of HPWPs implemented by entrepreneurial firms. FS and industry type do not have significant moderating effects on the relationship between HPWPs and the performance of entrepreneurial firms. The positive effect of HPWPs on performance is consistent with findings made in prior studies.Research limitations/implicationsFS plays a neutral role in the relationship between HPWPs and entrepreneurial firm performance. Within the broader retail and services industries, this relationship is weaker in capital-intensive firms compared to less capital-intensive ones. The restricted focus on only retail and service industries may limit the universal applicability of the findings.Practical implicationsFindings indicate that the efficacy of HPWPs is neither influenced by FS nor industry type. Entrepreneurial firms with higher capital intensity benefit relatively more from the use of HPWPs.Originality/valueUnlike other research efforts focusing on a single moderating influence, this study combines two important contextual factors, FS and industry type, to provide a better understanding of HPWPs. The study spotlights the effects of country context in the implementation of HPWPs in a way that prior studies have not done.

Hindrance or facilitator? The economic consequences of national demonstration eco-industrial parks in China.

Many countries attach great importance to the green, low-carbon, and circular development of industrial parks. China is one of them and has entered an exploration journey of national demonstration eco-industrial parks (NDEIPs). However, the impact of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs on local economic development still remains a mystery. To address this issue, we develop an empirical study using a combination of the multi-period difference-in-differences method and the propensity score matching method based on the panel data for 266 cities in China from 2001 to 2021. The results show that industrial parks becoming NDEIPs promotes cities' economic development. This conclusion still holds after a series of robustness tests, such as the reverse causality test and the placebo test. Moreover, the park heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences vary according to differences in levels, industry types, life cycle phases, and the degree of foreign firm agglomeration. The city heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ based on administrative levels, innovation capabilities, technology industrialization, and environmental friendliness. The spatial heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ according to geographical location and whether situated in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The policy upgrading heterogeneity tests show that the economic consequences differ during the process of policy upgrading and transformation. In addition, the mechanism tests reveal that green innovation, human capital level, and firm attractiveness mediate the relationship between industrial parks becoming NDEIPs and cities' economic development. This study provides a new perspective for understanding the economic effects of the transformation of industrial parks into NDEIPs, and provides a reference for the government on how to maximize these economic effects.

Eco-innovation and SMEs’ sustainable performance: a meta-analysis

PurposeThe study aims to build upon the Resource-based view of the firm (RBV) and Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT) to perform a meta-analysis on the eco-innovation/SMEs’ sustainable performance relationship.Design/methodology/approachEmploying a psychometric meta-analytic approach with a random-effects model, the study examines a sample of 134,841 SMEs covering 99 studies and 233 study effects. Subgroup and meta-regression analysis were used to test the study`s hypotheses in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) statistical software.FindingsResults unveil that the average impact of eco-innovation on SMEs` sustainable performance is positively significant but moderate. Moreover, it was found that eco-process, eco-product, eco-organizational, and eco-marketing innovations positively influence SMEs’ sustainable performance, but the impact of eco-organizational innovation is the strongest. Findings further reveal that eco-innovation positively influences economic, social, and environmental performance, but its effect on social performance is the largest. Moreover, our findings reveal that contextual factors, including industry type, culture, industry intensity, global sustainable competitive index, and human development index, moderate the eco-innovation/SMEs’ sustainable performance relationship. Lastly, methodological factors, namely sampling technique, study type, and publication status, account for study-study variance.Practical implicationsOur findings imply that investing in eco-innovation is worthwhile for SMEs. Therefore, CEOs/managers of SMEs must adopt eco-innovation initiatives by establishing a sustainability vision, developing employee environmental development and training, building a stakeholder management system, and promoting employee engagement in sustainability activities.Originality/valueThe study develops a holistic conceptual framework to consolidate the distinct types of eco-innovation and their association with the sustainable performance of SMEs for the first time in this research stream, thereby resolving the anecdotal results and synthesizing the fragmented literature across culture, discipline, and contexts.