Foil thrust bearings have attracted considerable attention in small-sized turbo machines with its excellent stability, high compliance, temperature durability. Geometric structure play an important role on the performance of foil thrust bearings. However, the current research on the structure mainly focuses on the underlying foil type, such as bump foil, protuberant bump. In fact, the foil profile, especially in the convergent region has significant influence. In this paper, foil thrust bearings were classified into convex, slope and concave types according to the profile curvature. A numerical model of six pads foil thrust bearing was established by combining the shell model and Reynolds equation. The static and dynamic performance of thrust bearings with different curvature was calculated. The results showed that the convex convergent possessed higher capacity and was not sensitive to displacement disturbance. A stiffness testing system for thrust foil bearing was set up, and the results verified that the foil with convex wedge had higher stiffness. The experiment also indicated that all the thrust foil bearings had typical damping hysteresis. The axial force of a 10 kW on-board compressor was calculated. Based on the conclusion of this paper, the design scheme of curvature value β = 0.6 and gas thickness h2=15 µm was given in consideration of bearing capacity and machining robustness.